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Orel VE, Diedkov AG, Ostafiichuk VV, Lykhova OO, Kolesnyk DL, Orel VB, Dasyukevich OY, Rykhalskyi OY, Diedkov SA, Prosvietova AB. Combination Treatment with Liposomal Doxorubicin and Inductive Moderate Hyperthermia for Sarcoma Saos-2 Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:133. [PMID: 38276006 PMCID: PMC10819935 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts in osteosarcoma (OS) research, the role of inductive moderate hyperthermia (IMH) in delivering and enhancing the antitumor effect of liposomal doxorubicin formulations (LDOX) remains unresolved. This study investigated the effect of a combination treatment with LDOX and IMH on Saos-2 human OS cells. We compared cell viability using a trypan blue assay, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) measured by flow cytometry and pro-apoptotic Bax protein expression examined by immunocytochemistry in response to IMH (42 MHz frequency, 15 W power for 30 min), LDOX (0.4 μg/mL), and LDOX plus IMH. The lower IC50 value of LDOX at 72 h indicated increased accumulation of the drug in the OS cells. LDOX plus IMH resulted in a 61% lower cell viability compared to no treatment. Moreover, IMH potentiated the LDOX action on the Saos-2 cells by promoting ROS production at temperatures of <42 °C. There was a 12% increase in cell populations undergoing early apoptosis with a less heterogeneous distribution of Bax after combination treatment compared to those treated with LDOX (p < 0.05). Therefore, we determined that IMH could enhance LDOX delivery and its antitumor effect via altered membrane permeabilization, ROS generation, and a lower level of visualized Bax heterogeneity in the Saos-2 cells, suggesting the potential translation of these findings into in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerii E. Orel
- National Cancer Institute, 33/43 Zdanovska Str., 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
- National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 16/2 Yangel Str., 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Oleksandra O. Lykhova
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, 45 Vasylkivska Str., 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Denys L. Kolesnyk
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, 45 Vasylkivska Str., 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valerii B. Orel
- National Cancer Institute, 33/43 Zdanovska Str., 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
- National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 16/2 Yangel Str., 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Serhii A. Diedkov
- National Cancer Institute, 33/43 Zdanovska Str., 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Anna B. Prosvietova
- National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 16/2 Yangel Str., 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Hosseini E, Nodeh FK, Ghasemzadeh M. Gamma irradiation induces a pro-apoptotic state in longer stored platelets, without progressing to an overt apoptosis by day 7 of storage. Apoptosis 2023:10.1007/s10495-023-01841-5. [PMID: 37127837 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although gamma-irradiation to platelet products is a standard method to prevent the risk of TA-GVHD in vulnerable recipients, it induces some proteomic and redox changes, of which irradiation-induced ROS increments may potentiate platelet mitochondrial dysfunction. However, whether these changes cause platelet apoptosis, or affect their viability during storage, is the main subject of this study. METHODS PLT-rich plasma PC was split into two bags, one kept as control while other was subjected to gamma-irradiation. Within 7-days storage, cytosolic and mitochondrial levels of cytochrome c and pro-apoptotic molecules of Bak and Bax were evaluated by western-blotting. Intraplatelet active caspase (using FAM-DEVD-FMK) and PS-exposure were detected by flowcytometry. Caspase activity in platelet lysate was also confirmed by immunofluorescence detection of Caspase-3/7 Substrate N-Ac-DEVD-N'-MC-R110 while platelet viability was evaluated with MTT assays. RESULTS Cytosolic cytochrome c gradually increased while its mitochondrial content steadily declined during 7 days of storage. In a contrary trend, reverse patterns were observed for Bak and Bax expressions. Gamma-irradiated platelets showed higher release of mitochondrial cytochrome c that reflected by higher cytosolic cytochrome c levels on day 7 of storage. Concurrently mitochondrial pro-apoptotic Bak and Bax proteins increased on day 7 in irradiated products. However, gamma-irradiation didn't significantly increase caspase activity or PS-exposure, nor did it decrease platelet viability. CONCLUSION Here, consistent with studies on "gamma-irradiation-induced oxidative stress", we showed that gamma-ray also increases platelet pro-apoptotic signals during storage, although not strongly enough to affect platelet viability by overt apoptosis induction. Conclusively, whether supplementing ROS scavengers or antioxidants to irradiated platelets can improve their quality during storage may be of interest for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehteramolsadat Hosseini
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, 14665-1157, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kiani Nodeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, 14665-1157, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghasemzadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, 14665-1157, Iran.
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Yavari M, Jaafari MR, Mirzavi F, Mosayebi G, Ghazavi A, Ganji A. Anti-tumor effects of PEGylated-nanoliposomes containing ginger extract in colorectal cancer-bearing mice. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2022; 25:890-896. [PMID: 36033959 PMCID: PMC9392564 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.63870.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop a nanoliposomal formulation containing ginger ethanolic extract with a higher therapeutic effect for cancer treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study aimed to prepare PEGylated nanoliposomal ginger through the thin film hydration method plus extrusion. Physicochemical characteristics were evaluated, and the toxicity of the prepared liposomes was assessed using the MTT assay. In addition, tumor size was monitored in colorectal cancer-bearing mice. Also, the anticancer effects of liposomal ginger were evaluated by gene expression assay of Bax and Bcl-2 and cytokines including TNF-α, TGF-β, and IFN-γ by Real-time PCR. Also, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg cells) were counted in spleen and tumor tissue by flow cytometry assay. RESULTS The nanoliposomes' particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) were 94.95 nm and 0.246 nm, respectively. High encapsulation capacity (80 %) confirmed the technique's efficiency, and the release rate of the extract was 85% at pH 6.5. In addition, this study showed that liposomal ginger at 100 mg/kg/day enhanced the expression of Bax (P<0.05) and IFN-γ (P<0.01) compared with ginger extract in the mouse model. Also, the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CTLs cell count in tumor tissue showed a significant increase in the LipGin group compared with the Gin group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Results indicated that the liposomal ginger enhanced the antitumor activity; therefore, the prepared liposomal ginger can be used in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Yavari
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ghasem Mosayebi
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran , Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ali Ghazavi
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran , Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ali Ganji
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran , Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran,Corresponding author: Ali Ganji. Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran; Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Tel: +98-34173548; Fax: +98-34173548;
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Chen XL, Geng YJ, Li F, Hu WY, Zhang RP. Cytotoxic terpenoids from Tripterygium hypoglaucum against human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990 by increasing the expression of Bax protein. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 289:115010. [PMID: 35065248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Kunmingshanhaitang in Chinese) is a plant of the genus Tripterygium which have been used as anti-tumor folk medicines in Yi and Bai ethnic groups in Yunnan province, China for hundreds of years. Terpenoids from T. hypoglaucum presented therapeutic effects on multiple tumors. But there were few studies about pancreatic cancer treatment of these terpenoids. Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy and lacked of specific drugs. Currently, anti-tumor drugs have poor therapeutic effect and prognosis for pancreatic cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to elucidate the terpenoids from T. hypoglaucum and illuminate their anti-pancreatic cancer bioactivities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Terpenoids were obtained through sequential chromatographic methods including silica gel, MCI gel, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of some new diterpenoids were assigned through comparison of experimental and calculated circular dichroism spectra. The cytotoxicity of isolates was measured using the MTT method on human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990. The effects on expressions of AKT, Erk1/2, p-AKT, p-Erk1/2, and Bax proteins in human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990 of these compounds were determined by western blotting assays. RESULTS Eleven new (compounds 1∼11) and fourteen known terpenoids (compounds 12∼25) were isolated from the underground parts of T. hypoglaucum. These compounds were belonged to abietane diterpenoids, isoprimara diterpenoids, ent-kaurane diterpenoids, oleanane triterpenoids, and friedelane triterpenoids. Compounds 5, 7, 8, 9, 16, 18, 22, 24, and 25 possessed significant cytotoxicity against SW1990 cells with IC50 values of 19.28 ± 4.39, 9.91 ± 2.23, 27.32 ± 5.89, 56.43 ± 6.92, 0.16 ± 0.05, 0.58 ± 0.15, 0.81 ± 0.04, 0.48 ± 0.11, and 10.01 ± 1.39 μM respectively. After compounds 16, 22, and 24 been treated with the pancreatic cancer cells in medium and high doses, the protein expressions of AKT, p-AKT, Erk, and p-Erk were not remarkably reduced and the expressions of Bax protein were significantly increased. CONCLUSION This study indicated that terpenoids from T. hypoglaucum could inhibit human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990. Especially, compounds 16, 22, and 24 possessed significant cytotoxicity against SW1990 cells with low IC50 values and could increase the expressions of Bax protein. These compounds shared a wide variety of structural characteristics which provided us more candidate molecules for the development of anti-pancreatic cancer drugs and further prompted us to investigate their anti-pancreatic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Yi-Juan Geng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Wei-Yan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, PR China.
| | - Rong-Ping Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China.
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Kalinin RA, Suchkov IA, Klimentova ÉA, Shchul'kin AV, Egorov AA. [Effect of an antioxidant on vascular wall cell apoptosis markers after reconstructive operations]. Angiol Sosud Khir 2021; 27:8-15. [PMID: 34528583 DOI: 10.33529/angio2021301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was aimed at determining Bcl-2 and Bax proteins expression before and after reconstructive-repairing operations in patients with atherosclerosis obliterans of lower extremities and at assessing the effect of an antioxidant (vitamin E at a dose of 100 mg once daily for 1 month after surgery) on the dynamics of changes of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the postoperative period. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included a total of 60 patients with stage III-IV lower limb atherosclerosis obliterans. All patients underwent reconstructive-repairing operations on the arteries of the aortofemoral segment. After surgery the patients were divided into two groups. Group A included 30 patients who during 1 month received additionally to basic therapy vitamin E at a daily dose of 100 mg. Group B was composed of 30 patients receiving basic therapy alone according to the National guidelines of managing patients with peripheral artery disease. All patients before, on POD 1, and 1 month after surgery were subjected to venous blood test aimed at determining Bcl-2 and Bax apoptosis proteins expression by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In patients of groups A and B, the baseline level of Bcl-2 protein (4.75 and 4.2 ng/ml, respectively) was comparable with that in apparently healthy volunteers (5.3 ng/ml). The baseline levels of Bax protein in patients of the operated groups (26.9 and 26.0 ng/ml, respectively) were increased compared with the values in healthy volunteers (16.5 ng/ml). On POD 1 there was increased expression of Bax protein in Group A and B patients to 39.4 and 30.2 ng/ml, respectively. One month after surgery, Group B patients demonstrated a decrease in the Bcl-2 values below the baseline level - 1.1 ng/ml (p=0.003), with the Bax level continuing to increase - 36 ng/ml (p=0.004). In turn, Group A patients after 1 month were found to have increased levels of the Bcl-2 protein - 5.75 ng/ml, with the Bax level returning to the baseline values - 27.4 ng/ml. CONCLUSION In stage III and IV lower limb obliterating atherosclerosis, the level of the Bax proapoptoric protein was higher than that in healthy volunteers. On POD 1, there occurred increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and activation of apoptosis markers. On the background of using vitamin E at a dose of 100 mg once daily for 1 month, there was a decrease in level of the Bax propapoptotic protein (p=0.003) and an increase in level of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein level (p=0.0007).
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Kalinin
- I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University of the RF Ministry of Public Health, Ryazan, Russia
| | - I A Suchkov
- I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University of the RF Ministry of Public Health, Ryazan, Russia
| | - É A Klimentova
- I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University of the RF Ministry of Public Health, Ryazan, Russia
| | - A V Shchul'kin
- I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University of the RF Ministry of Public Health, Ryazan, Russia
| | - A A Egorov
- I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University of the RF Ministry of Public Health, Ryazan, Russia
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Zhang Q, Xiong Y, Li B, Deng GY, Fu WW, Cao BC, Zong SH, Zeng GF. Total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves promote motor function recovery via inhibition of apoptosis after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:350-356. [PMID: 32859797 PMCID: PMC7896213 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.286975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids have been reported to have therapeutic potential for spinal cord injury. Hawthorn leaves have abundant content and species of total flavonoids, and studies of the effects of the total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves on spinal cord injury have not been published in or outside China. Therefore, Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish a spinal cord injury model by Allen’s method. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0.2 mL of different concentrations of total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) after spinal cord injury. Injections were administered once every 6 hours, three times a day, for 14 days. After treatment with various concentrations of total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves, the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores and histological staining indicated decreases in the lesion cavity and number of apoptotic cells of the injured spinal cord tissue; the morphological arrangement of the myelin sheath and nerve cells tended to be regular; and the Nissl bodies in neurons increased. The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores of treated spinal cord injury rats were increased. Western blot assays showed that the expression levels of pro-apoptotic Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased, but the expression level of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein was increased. The improvement of the above physiological indicators showed a dose-dependent relationship with the concentration of total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves. The above findings confirm that total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves can reduce apoptosis and exert neuroprotective effects to promote the recovery of the motor function of rats with spinal cord injury. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Guangxi Medical University of China (approval No. 201810042) in October 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- School of Public Health Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yin Xiong
- School of Public Health Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Public Health Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gui-Ying Deng
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wen-Wen Fu
- School of Public Health Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Bai-Chuan Cao
- Department of Spine Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shao-Hui Zong
- Department of Spine Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University; Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gao-Feng Zeng
- School of Public Health Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Lomperta K, Jakubowska K, Grudzinska M, Kanczuga-Koda L, Wincewicz A, Surmacz E, Sulkowski S, Koda M. Insulin receptor substrate 1 may play divergent roles in human colorectal cancer development and progression. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:4140-4150. [PMID: 32821075 PMCID: PMC7403795 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i28.4140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite effective prevention and screening methods, the incidence and mortality rates associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) are still high. Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), a signaling molecule involved in cell proliferation, survival and metabolic responses has been implicated in carcinogenic processes in various cellular and animal models. However, the role of IRS-1 in CRC biology and its value as a clinical CRC biomarker has not been well defined.
AIM To evaluate if and how IRS-1 expression and its associations with the apoptotic and proliferation tumor markers, Bax, Bcl-xL and Ki-67 are related to clinicopathological features in human CRC.
METHODS The expression of IRS-1, Bax, Bcl-xL and Ki-67 proteins was assessed in tissue samples obtained from 127 patients with primary CRC using immunohistochemical methods. The assays were performed using specific antibodies against IRS-1, Bax, Bcl-xL, Ki-67. The associations between the expression of IRS-1, Bax, Bcl-xL, Ki-67 were analyzed in relation to clinicopathological parameters, i.e., patient age, sex, primary localization of tumor, histopathological type, grading, staging and lymph node spread. Correlations between variables were examined by Spearman rank correlation test and Fisher exact test with a level of significance at P < 0.05.
RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis of 127 CRC tissue samples revealed weak cytoplasmatic staining for IRS-1 in 66 CRC sections and strong cytoplasmatic staining in 61 cases. IRS-1 expression at any level in primary CRC was associated with tumor grade (69% in moderately differentiated tumors, G2 vs 31% in poorly differentiated tumors, G3) and with histological type (81.9% in adenocarcinoma vs 18.1% in adenocarcinoma with mucosal component cases). Strong IRS-1 positivity was observed more frequently in adenocarcinoma cases (95.1%) and in moderately differentiated tumors (85.2%). We also found statistically significant correlations between expression of IRS-1 and both Bax and Bcl-xL in all CRC cases examined. The relationships between studied proteins were related to clinicopathological parameters of CRC. No significant correlation between the expression of IRS-1 and proliferation marker Ki-67, excluding early stage tumors, where the correlation was positive and on a high level (P = 0.043, r = 0.723).
CONCLUSION This study suggests that IRS-1 is co-expressed with both pro- and antiapoptotic markers and all these proteins are more prevalent in more differentiated CRC than in poorly differentiated CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Lomperta
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15269, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jakubowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bialystok 15027, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Grudzinska
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15269, Poland
| | - Luiza Kanczuga-Koda
- Department of Pathomorphology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bialystok 15027, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Pathology, Nonpublic Health Care Unit, Kielce 25734, Poland
| | - Eva Surmacz
- Allysta Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Belmont, CA 94002, United States
| | - Stanislaw Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15269, Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15269, Poland
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Xiang Q, Li JJ, Li CY, Tian RB, Li XH. Somatostatin Type 2 Receptor Antibody Enhances Mechanical Hyperalgesia in the Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons after Sciatic Nerve-pinch Injury: Evidence of Behavioral Studies and Bax Protein Expression. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 18:791-797. [PMID: 31686636 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666191101094412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study has indicated that somatostatin potently inhibits neuropathic pain through the activation of its type 2 receptor (SSTR2) in mouse dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord. However, the underlying mechanism of this activation has not been elucidated clearly. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to perform the pharmacological studies on the basis of sciatic nerve-pinch mice model and explore the underlying mechanism involving SSTR2. METHODS On the basis of a sciatic nerve-pinch injury model, we aimed at comparing the painful behavior and dorsal root ganglion neurons neurochemical changes after the SSTR2 antibody (anti- SSTR2;5μl,1μg/ml) administration in the mouse. RESULTS After pinch nerve injury, we found that the mechanical hyperalgesia and severely painful behavior (autotomy) were detected after the application of SSTR2 antibody (anti-SSTR2; 5μl, 1μg/ml) on the pinch-injured nerve. The up-regulated phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) expression and the apoptotic marker (i.e., Bax) were significantly decreased in DRGs after anti-SSTR2 treatment. CONCLUSION The current data suggested that inhibitory changes in proteins from the apoptotic pathway in anti-SSTR2-treated groups might be taking place to overcome the protein deficits caused by SSTR2 antibody and supported the new therapeutic intervention with SSTR2 antagonist for neuronal degeneration following nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xiang
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, China
| | - Rong-Bo Tian
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, China
| | - Xian-Hui Li
- Institute of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jishou University, Hunan, China
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Zhao L, Ren H, Gu S, Li X, Jiang C, Li J, Zhang M, Mu J, Li W, Wang W, Zhang Z, Song J. rTMS ameliorated depressive-like behaviors by restoring HPA axis balance and prohibiting hippocampal neuron apoptosis in a rat model of depression. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269:126-133. [PMID: 30145293 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been widely used to treat depression. The mechanistic basis for the effects of rTMS is not well understood, although previous studies have suggested that it involves the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and protection of hippocampal neurons. We investigated this in the present study using a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) paradigm in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were subjected to rTMS for 15 consecutive days, and body weight, sucrose consumption, and locomotor activity were evaluated. B cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein (Bax) expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry; cell morphology was examined by Nissl staining; and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) levels in the hippocampus were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CUMS decreased body weight and sucrose consumption in rats along with horizontal/vertical distance traveled in the open field test. Rats subjected to CUMS also showed increased levels of Bax as well as ACTH and CORT; the hippocampal neurons in these animals had abnormal morphology and were reduced in number. rTMS reversed these changes and improved depression-like behaviors. Thus, rTMS abrogates the loss of hippocampal neurons and restores the balance of the HPA axis in the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Huicong Ren
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Shina Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Henan 453100, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry(Xinxiang Medical University), 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Cuihong Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry(Xinxiang Medical University), 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Juan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Junlin Mu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China; Xinxiang Key Lab of Psychoeletrophysiology, 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry(Xinxiang Medical University), 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Wensheng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Henan 453100, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 388 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China.
| | - Jinggui Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Henan 453100, China.
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10
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Gupta R, Ghosh S. JNK3 phosphorylates Bax protein and induces ability to form pore on bilayer lipid membrane. Biochim Open 2017; 4:41-46. [PMID: 29450140 PMCID: PMC5801821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopen.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bax is a pro-apoptotic cytosolic protein. In this work native (unphosphorylated) and JNK3 phosphorylated Bax proteins are studied on artificial bilayer membranes for pore formation. Phosphorylated Bax formed pore on the bilayer lipid membrane whereas native one does not. In cells undergoing apoptosis the pore formed by the phosphorylated Bax could be important in cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial intermembrane space to the cytosol. The low conductance (1.5 nS) of the open state of the phosphorylated Bax pore corresponds to pore diameter of 0.9 nm which is small to release cytochrome c (∼3.4 nm). We hypothesized that JNK3 phosphorylated Bax protein can form bigger pores after forming complexes with other mitochondrial proteins like VDAC, t-Bid etc. to release cytochrome c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India
| | - Subhendu Ghosh
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, India
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of astragalus polysaccharides (APSs), active constituents of astragalus, in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their potential as a promising candidate for future anticancer drug development. Astragalus polysaccharide was administered at different doses to HCC H22-bearing mice to investigate their antitumor effects. Results revealed that APS inhibited the growth of H22 cells with a tumor inhibition rate in the APS 400 mg·kg−1 group of 59.01%. Astragalus polysaccharides significantly increased the spleen and thymus indexes, and also the interleukin (IL) 2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α cytokine concentration in serum, indicating that APS influences immune-regulating properties involved in antitumor activity. In addition, APS increased Bax protein expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression; these proteins are apoptosis-regulating factors responsible for cell death or survival. Further development and exploration of APS may enable it to become an effective clinical agent for liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibiao Xia
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wei
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghong Ding
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Jung YS, Oh AY, Park HP, Hwang JW, Lim YJ, Jeon YT. Post-ischemic administration of pravastatin reduces neuronal injury by inhibiting Bax protein expression after transient forebrain ischemia in rats. Neurosci Lett 2015; 594:87-92. [PMID: 25800111 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the neuroprotective effect of pravastatin administration after forebrain ischemia in rats. Forebrain ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and systemic hypotension for 8min. Pravastatin at 1mg/kg (pravastatin group, n=10), or an identical volume of normal saline (control group, n=10), was injected 10min, and 1-4 days after reperfusion. Arterial blood gas was analyzed 10min before ischemia onset and 10min after ischemia completion. Viable and apoptotic neuronal cells were evaluated 7 days after ischemia by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuracil triphosphate biotin in situ nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining of the hippocampal Cornu Ammonis area (CA1). Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins was quantified by Western blot analysis. The proportion of viable neuronal cells after ischemia was greater in the pravastatin vs. control group (p<0.01), with greater expression of apoptotic cells in the control vs. pravastatin group (p<0.05). Bax protein expression was significantly decreased in the pravastatin group (p<0.05), whereas, Bcl-2 expression was increased, but not significantly (p>0.05). Our findings suggest that pravastatin administration after forebrain ischemia confers neuroprotection in rats by inhibiting Bax protein expression.
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Hussein AM, Saleh HA, H N M. Effect of sodium selenite and vitamin E on the renal cortex in rats: an ultrastructure study. Tissue Cell 2014; 46:170-7. [PMID: 24799186 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the use of vitamin E to alleviate toxic effects of sodium selenite. Adult male albino rats (n=50) was divided into five groups. Group 1 was control, Groups 2 and 4 were treated with sodium selenite (2 mg/kg) for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively, Groups 3 and 5 were treated with sodium selenite (2 mg/kg) and vitamin E (100 mg/kg) for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Renal tissues were studied using anti-BCL2 and examined ultrastructurally. Positive Bax immunoreactivity was detected after 2 and more positive after 4 weeks and nearly all groups improved with co-administration of vitamin E. Ultrastructural study revealed lesions in Bowman's capsule and proximal convoluted tubules. The submicroscopic study revealed damage and necrosis of cortical structures after 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. After 4 weeks, cellular changes were seen, such as vacuolation and moderate degeneration of cells, widening of the urinary space scattered through the cortex with loss of cellular details, formation of apical buds, degeneration, and cellular rupture. Present findings disclosed an ameliorative effect of adding vitamin E to sodium selenite-induced changes in cortical tissues. Clinically, it is advised to add vitamin E to avoid selenium overdose hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel M Hussein
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamid A Saleh
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa H N
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Darmochwal-Kolarz D, Saito S, Tabarkiewicz J, Kolarz B, Rolinski J, Leszczynska-Gorzelak B, Oleszczuk J. Apoptosis signaling is altered in CD4⁺CD25⁺FoxP3⁺ T regulatory lymphocytes in pre-eclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:6548-6560. [PMID: 22837649 PMCID: PMC3397481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13066548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to estimate the surface expressions of CD95 (APO-1/Fas) antigen and the intracellular expressions of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and pro-apoptotic protein Bax in CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs) as well as the percentage of CD8+CD28+ T cytotoxic cells in peripheral blood of patients with pre-eclampsia in comparison with healthy pregnant women in the third trimester of physiological pregnancy. Twenty-four women with pre-eclampsia and 20 normal third trimester pregnant women were included in the study. The lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral blood samples and labeled with monoclonal antibodies. The expressions of surface antigens and intracellular proteins were estimated using flow cytometry. The population of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells was significantly lower in peripheral blood of patients with pre-eclampsia when compared to normal third trimester pregnant women. The percentages of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells that express Bcl-2 protein were significantly lower in peripheral blood of patients with pre-eclampsia when compared to healthy pregnant women, whereas the percentages of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells with the expressions of Bax protein did not differ in both groups. Moreover, the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Bcl-2 protein in CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells was significantly lower and MFI of Bax protein significantly higher in pre-eclampsia when compared to the control group. The percentage of CD8+CD28+ T cells did not differ in both studied groups but MFI of CD28 antigen on T CD8+ cells was significantly higher in pre-eclampsia when compared to the control group. The obtained results suggest that the deficit of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg lymphocytes which is observed in pre-eclampsia may be associated with altered apoptosis signaling in Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Darmochwal-Kolarz
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-950, Al. Raclawickie 1, Poland; E-Mails: (B.L.-G.); (J.O.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +48-81-7244-769; Fax: +48-81-7244-841
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; E-Mail:
| | - Jacek Tabarkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-950, Al. Raclawickie 1, Poland; E-Mails: (J.T.); (B.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Bogdan Kolarz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-950, Al. Raclawickie 1, Poland; E-Mails: (J.T.); (B.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Jacek Rolinski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-950, Al. Raclawickie 1, Poland; E-Mails: (J.T.); (B.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Bozena Leszczynska-Gorzelak
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-950, Al. Raclawickie 1, Poland; E-Mails: (B.L.-G.); (J.O.)
| | - Jan Oleszczuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-950, Al. Raclawickie 1, Poland; E-Mails: (B.L.-G.); (J.O.)
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Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection on Bax protein expression, and explore the role of H pylori in gastric carcinogenesis.
METHODS: H pylori was assessed by rapid urease test and Warthin-Starry method, and expression of Bax protein was examined immunohistochemically in 72 patients with pre-malignant lesions.
RESULTS: Bax protein was differently expressed in intestinal metaplasia and gastric dysplasia, and showed 63.99% positivity. The positivity of Bax protein expression in H pylori-positive gastric precancerous lesions (72.3%) was significantly higher than that in H pylori-negative gastric precancerous lesions (48.0%, c2 = 4.191, P < 0.05). H pylori infection was well correlated with the expression of Bax protein in gastric precancerous lesions (r = 0.978, P < 0.01). After eradication of H pylori, the positivity of Bax protein expression significantly decreased in H pylori-positive gastric precancerous lesions (c2 = 5.506, P < 0.05). In the persisting H pylori-infected patients, the positivity of Bax protein expression was not changed.
CONCLUSION: H pylori infection may be involved in the upregulation of Bax gene, which might be one of the mechanisms of H pylori infection-induced gastric epithelial cell apoptosis. H pylori might act as a tumor promoter in the genesis of gastric carcinoma and eradication of H pylori could inhibit gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Liu
- Department of Gastroe-nterology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing 100039, China.
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