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Wang B, Wang P, Zhao S, Shi H, Zhu Y, Teng Y, Jiang G, Liu S. Combined effects of microplastics and cadmium on the soil-plant system: Phytotoxicity, Cd accumulation and microbial activity. Environ Pollut 2023; 333:121960. [PMID: 37271366 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), an emerging pollutant of concern, widely cooccurred with heavy metals in soil, however, little is known about the combined effects of the interactions of MPs and cadmium (Cd) on the soil-plant system. In this study, the combined effects of several types of MPs and soil Cd contamination on Brassica juncea growth, Cd uptake, and soil microbial carbon metabolism were investigated in a 50-day pot experiment. Aged polyethylene (PE), aged polypropylene (PP), biodegradable polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) and polylactic acid (PLA) displayed moderate phytotoxicity, with reductions in leaf chlorophyll content and shoot biomass. Compared with the control treatment without MPs or B. juncea, B. juncea growth significantly increased the soil pH by 0.3 pH units, and the growth of B. juncea in the presence of biodegradable PBAT or PLA MPs increased the soil pH by an additional 0.4 or 0.6 pH units, respectively. The presence of PBAT or PLA MPs greatly reduced soil diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Cd concentrations and plant Cd accumulation. The Cd bioconcentration factor was higher in roots than shoots in all treatments except the treatment containing PBAT MPs. The average well color development (AWCD), an indicator of metabolic activity, was highest in the treatment with B. juncea alone and was reduced by both biodegradable and conventional MPs. The microbial utilization efficiency of esters and alcohols was enhanced in the treatment with PBAT MPs, whereas carboxylic acids were preferentially utilized in the treatment with PLA MPs. These findings indicate that co-exposure to MPs and Cd may alter soil microenvironmental characteristics such as soil pH, leading to changes in Cd bioavailability, plant growth and Cd accumulation, and the microbial community's capacity to metabolize carbon. These effects of MPs in soil warrant further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Peiheng Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shibo Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Huanhuan Shi
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yaru Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guiying Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Hou J, Shao G, Adyel TM, Li C, Liu Z, Liu S, Miao L. Can the carbon metabolic activity of biofilm be regulated by the hydrodynamic conditions in urban rivers? Sci Total Environ 2022; 832:155082. [PMID: 35398435 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic regulation is widely used to improve the water quality of urban rivers. However, it is yet to explore substantially whether hydrodynamics could regulate the metabolic activity of biofilm in such aquatic systems. Herein, the pilot experiment of hydrodynamics in the rotation tanks was designed, including two experiment phases, namely constant flow and adjusting flow for 21 days and 14 days, respectively. In constant flow phase, biofilms grew in five shear stress gradients (R1-R5, 0.0044- 0.12 Pa). The carbon metabolic rate (k) of mature biofilms evaluated by BIOLOG ECO microplates showed a hump-shaped relationship with increasing shear stress, with R3 (0.049 Pa) the highest, while R5 (0.12 Pa) the lowest. To verify whether the metabolic activity of biofilm cultured at constant flow phase can be regulated by shear stress, we initiated the adjusting flow phase, and shear stress in reactors was reset uniformly at 0.049 Pa (with the highest k). Results showed the carbon metabolic activity of biofilm in reactor R4 and R5 increased rapidly by day 3, and there was no significant difference between the carbon metabolic rates among the five treatments by day 14. Meanwhile, the utilization levels of polymers and carbohydrates by biofilms were significantly different among the five treatments after hydrodynamic regulations. These results suggested that the total carbon metabolic activity of biofilm can be regulated by hydrodynamics, while the divergent changes of the specific carbon source category might affect the biofilm-mediated carbon biogeochemical processes, which should be considered for the application of hydrodynamic regulation in river ecological restoration projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyi Shao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Tanveer M Adyel
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Chaoran Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Songqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, PR China.
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Zhang H, Ma B, Huang T, Shi Y. Nitrate reduction by the aerobic denitrifying actinomycete Streptomyces sp. XD-11-6-2: Performance, metabolic activity, and micro-polluted water treatment. Bioresour Technol 2021; 326:124779. [PMID: 33535149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic denitrifying bacteria were widely reported in different nitrogen polluted aquatic ecosystem. However, the aerobic denitrification characteristics of actinomycete were not well understood. Here, the actinomycete strain XD-11-6-2 was isolated from reservoir and identified as Streptomyces sp. XD-11-6-2 by DNA sequencing. Strain XD-11-6-2 removed 90.34% of total organic carbon and 93.66% of total nitrogen under aerobic condition. A total of 77.87% of nitrogen was removed as a gaseous product, and 15.67% of nitrogen was converted into biomass. Biolog combined with network model indicated that strain XD-11-6-2 could use six types of carbon sources, and exhibit outstanding capacity to metabolize diverse carbon sources. Moreover, the highest nitrate and total nitrogen removal efficiencies of raw water were 72.29% and 74.86%, respectively. In general, these results provide new insights to understand the potential of actinomycetes in treating micro-polluted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Ben Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yinjie Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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