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Meng K, Zhang B, Ma C, Dai Q, Gui X, Liu X, Zhao Q, Gao Q, Wen Y, Ding J. Serum amyloid A/anti-CCL20 induced the rebalance of Th17/regulatory T cells in SodA-induced sarcoidosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108784. [PMID: 35461156 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous inflammation associated with Th17/regulatory T cell (Treg) polarization. As a marker of inflammation, serum amyloid A (SAA) could upregulate the expression of chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20), which induces the migration of Treg cells and Th17 cells by binding and activating thechemokine C-C receptor (CCR) 6. Our goal was to determine whether SAA/anti-CCL20 induces Th17/Treg rebalance in pulmonary sarcoidosis. The deposition of SAA- and Th17/Treg-related proteins in SodA-induced granulomas was tested using immunohistochemistry. Mice with SodA-induced sarcoidosis were treated with SAA or SAA + anti-CCL20, and then Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells were detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. The expression of SAA/CCL20 and IL-23/IL-17A was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and multiplex. Key proteins in the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway were tested by western blot. SAA mainly plays a pro-inflammatory role by promoting the expression of CCL20 and IL-17A in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum, exacerbating this elevation of CD4+/CD8+ T cells in both mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs) and BALF, as well as proliferating Th1 in LNs in SodA-induced pulmonary sarcoidosis. In addition, SAA could also promote the proliferation of Tregs in LNs. Intriguingly, blocking of CCL20 could partially reverse the expression of Th17-related cytokine, ameliorate Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 bias in mice with SodA-induced pulmonary sarcoidosis, and rescue the overactivation of the TGF-β/Smad2/Smad3 signaling pathway. Anti-CCL20 may have the potential for therapeutic translation, targeting on the immunopathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifang Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxing Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Dai
- Center of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhua Gui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Gao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Wen
- Center of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingjing Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Frick VO, Rubie C, Keilholz U, Ghadjar P. Chemokine/chemokine receptor pair CCL20/CCR6 in human colorectal malignancy: An overview. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:833-841. [PMID: 26811629 PMCID: PMC4716081 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i2.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines belong to a superfamily of small, cytokine-like proteins, which induce multiple physiological functions, particularly cytoskeletal rearrangement and compartment-specific migration through their interaction with G-protein-coupled receptors. Chemokines and their receptors have been widely acknowledged as essential and selective mediators in leukocyte migration in inflammatory response. It is now established that the chemokine/chemokine receptor system is also used by cancer cells to direct lymphatic and haematogenous spreading and additionally has an impact on the site of metastatic growth of different tumours. In recent years an increasing number of studies have drawn attention to CC-chemokine cysteine motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) and its physiological sole receptor CCR6 to play a role in the onset, development and metastatic spread of various gastrointestinal cancer entities. Among various cancer types CCR6 was also demonstrated to be significantly overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) and stimulation by its physiological ligand CCL20 has been reported to promote CRC cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Further, the CCL20/CCR6 system apparently plays a role in the organ-selective liver metastasis of CRC. Here we review the literature on expression patterns of CCL20 and CCR6 and their physiological interactions as well as the currently presumed role of CCL20 and CCR6 in the formation of CRC and the development of liver metastasis, providing a potential basis for novel treatment strategies.
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Hou KZ, Fu ZQ, Gong H. Chemokine ligand 20 enhances progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:475-483. [PMID: 25593462 PMCID: PMC4292278 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i2.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To identify the mechanisms of chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and evaluate it as a prognostic marker.
METHODS: Expression of CCL20 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in HCC tissues from 62 patients who underwent curative resection. The relationship between CCL20 expression and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate its predictive value for recurrence and survival of HCC patients. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-and signaling pathway-related proteins were evaluated by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. The effects of CCL20 on HCC cell proliferation and migration were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenoltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Transwell assays.
RESULTS: CCL20 immunoreactivity was detected in all 62 patient specimens. CCL20 expression was associated with preoperative alpha-fetoprotein level (P = 0.043), tumor size (P = 0.000), tumor number (P = 0.008), vascular invasion (P = 0.014), and tumor differentiation (P = 0.007). Patients with high CCL20 expression had poorer recurrence-free and overall survivals compared to those with low CCL20 expression (both P < 0.001). CCL20 induced EMT-like changes in HCC cells and increased their proliferation and migration ability (P < 0.05). Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining showed that CCL20 induced an EMT-like phenotype in HCC cells, and increased expression of phosphorylated AKT, β-catenin and vimentin, and decreased E-cadherin expression (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis revealed that high CCL20 expression in HCC tissue specimens was negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression (13.33%, 4/30), and positively correlated with vimentin (90.0%, 27/30), β-catenin (96.67%, 29/30) and p-AKT (76.67%, 23/30) expression.
CONCLUSION: CCL20 expression is associated with HCC recurrence and patient survival and promotes HCC cell proliferation and migration by inducing EMT-like changes via PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
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