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Couderc E, Morel F, Levillain P, Buffière-Morgado A, Camus M, Paquier C, Bodet C, Jégou JF, Pohin M, Favot L, Garcia M, Huguier V, Mcheik J, Lacombe C, Yssel H, Guillet G, Bernard FX, Lecron JC. Interleukin-17A-induced production of acute serum amyloid A by keratinocytes contributes to psoriasis pathogenesis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181486. [PMID: 28708859 PMCID: PMC5510841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute-serum Amyloid A (A-SAA), one of the major acute-phase proteins, is mainly produced in the liver but extra-hepatic synthesis involving the skin has been reported. Its expression is regulated by the transcription factors NF-κB, C/EBPβ, STAT3 activated by proinflammatory cytokines. OBJECTIVES We investigated A-SAA synthesis by resting and cytokine-activated Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (NHEK), and their inflammatory response to A-SAA stimulation. A-SAA expression was also studied in mouse skin and liver in a model mimicking psoriasis and in the skin and sera of psoriatic and atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. METHODS NHEK were stimulated by A-SAA or the cytokines IL-1α, IL-17A, IL-22, OSM, TNF-α alone or in combination, previously reported to reproduce features of psoriasis. Murine skins were treated by imiquimod cream. Human skins and sera were obtained from patients with psoriasis and AD. A-SAA mRNA was quantified by RT qPCR. A-SAA proteins were dosed by ELISA or immunonephelemetry assay. RESULTS IL-1α, TNF-α and mainly IL-17A induced A-SAA expression by NHEK. A-SAA induced its own production and the synthesis of hBD2 and CCL20, both ligands for CCR6, a chemokine receptor involved in the trafficking of Th17 lymphocytes. A-SAA expression was increased in skins and livers from imiquimod-treated mice and in patient skins with psoriasis, but not significantly in those with AD. Correlations between A-SAA and psoriasis severity and duration were observed. CONCLUSION Keratinocytes could contribute to psoriasis pathogenesis via A-SAA production, maintaining a cutaneous inflammatory environment, activating innate immunity and Th17 lymphocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Couderc
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Franck Morel
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
| | | | - Amandine Buffière-Morgado
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Magalie Camus
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Camille Paquier
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Charles Bodet
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
| | - Jean-François Jégou
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
| | - Mathilde Pohin
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
| | - Laure Favot
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
| | - Martine Garcia
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
| | - Vincent Huguier
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Service d’Anatomopathologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Service de Chirurgie plastique, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jiad Mcheik
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Service d’Anatomopathologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Service de Chirurgie plastique, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Service de Chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Corinne Lacombe
- Service d’Anatomopathologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Service d’Immunologie et Inflammation, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Hans Yssel
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Inserm U1135, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Guillet
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Jean-Claude Lecron
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, UPRES EA4331, Pôle Biologie Santé, Université de Poitiers, TSA, POITIERS, France
- Service d’Immunologie et Inflammation, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- * E-mail:
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Yoon DS, Lee Y, Ryu HA, Jang Y, Lee KM, Choi Y, Choi WJ, Lee M, Park KM, Park KD, Lee JW. Cell recruiting chemokine-loaded sprayable gelatin hydrogel dressings for diabetic wound healing. Acta Biomater 2016; 38:59-68. [PMID: 27109762 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this study, we developed horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed sprayable gelatin hydrogels (GH) as a bioactive wound dressing that can deliver cell-attracting chemotactic cytokines to the injured tissues for diabetic wound healing. We hypothesized that topical administration of chemokines using GH hydrogels might improve wound healing by inducing recruitment of the endogenous cells. Two types of chemokines (interleukin-8; IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein-3α; MIP-3α) were simply loaded into GH hydrogels during in situ cross-linking, and then their wound-healing effects were evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The incorporation of chemokines did not affect hydrogels properties including swelling ratio and mechanical stiffness, and the bioactivities of IL-8 and MIP-3α released from hydrogel matrices were stably maintained. In vivo transplantation of chemokine-loaded GH hydrogels facilitated cell infiltration into the wound area, and promoted wound healing with enhanced re-epithelialization/neovascularization and increased collagen deposition, compared with no treatment or the GH hydrogel alone. Based on our results, we suggest that cell-recruiting chemokine-loaded GH hydrogel dressing can serve as a delivery platform of various therapeutic proteins for wound healing applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Despite development of materials combined with therapeutic agents for diabetic wound treatment, impaired wound healing by insufficient chemotactic responses still remain as a significant problem. In this study, we have developed enzyme-catalyzed gelatin (GH) hydrogels as a sprayable dressing material that can deliver cell-attracting chemokines for diabetic wound healing. The chemotactic cytokines (IL-8 and MIP-3α) were simply loaded within hydrogel during in situ gelling, and wound healing efficacy of chemokine-loaded GH hydrogels was investigated in STZ-induced diabetic mouse model. These hydrogels significantly promoted wound-healing efficacy with faster wound closure, neovascularization, and thicker granulation. Therefore, we expect that HRP-catalyzed in situ forming GH hydrogels can serve as an injectable/sprayable carrier of various therapeutic agents for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Suk Yoon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Yunki Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
| | - Hyun Aae Ryu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Yeonsue Jang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mi Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Yoorim Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Moses Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Kyung Min Park
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, South Korea
| | - Ki Dong Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea.
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Pathak JL, Bakker AD, Verschueren P, Lems WF, Luyten FP, Klein-Nulend J, Bravenboer N. CXCL8 and CCL20 Enhance Osteoclastogenesis via Modulation of Cytokine Production by Human Primary Osteoblasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131041. [PMID: 26103626 PMCID: PMC4477884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Generalized osteoporosis is common in patients with inflammatory diseases, possibly because of circulating inflammatory factors that affect osteoblast and osteoclast formation and activity. Serum levels of the inflammatory factors CXCL8 and CCL20 are elevated in rheumatoid arthritis, but whether these factors affect bone metabolism is unknown. We hypothesized that CXCL8 and CCL20 decrease osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and enhance osteoblast-mediated osteoclast formation and activity. Human primary osteoblasts were cultured with or without CXCL8 (2–200 pg/ml) or CCL20 (5–500 pg/ml) for 14 days. Osteoblast proliferation and gene expression of matrix proteins and cytokines were analyzed. Osteoclast precursors were cultured with CXCL8 (200 pg/ml) and CCL20 (500 pg/ml), or with conditioned medium (CM) from CXCL8 and CCL20-treated osteoblasts with or without IL-6 inhibitor. After 3 weeks osteoclast formation and activity were determined. CXCL8 (200 pg/ml) and CCL20 (500 pg/ml) enhanced mRNA expression of KI67 (2.5–2.7-fold), ALP (1.6–1.7-fold), and IL-6 protein production (1.3–1.6-fold) by osteoblasts. CXCL8-CM enhanced the number of osteoclasts with 3–5 nuclei (1.7-fold), and with >5 nuclei (3-fold). CCL20-CM enhanced the number of osteoclasts with 3–5 nuclei (1.3-fold), and with >5 nuclei (2.8-fold). IL-6 inhibition reduced the stimulatory effect of CXCL8-CM and CCL20-CM on formation of osteoclasts. In conclusion, CXCL8 and CCL20 did not decrease osteoblast proliferation or gene expression of matrix proteins. CXCL8 and CCL20 did not directly affect osteoclastogenesis. However, CXCL8 and CCL20 enhanced osteoblast-mediated osteoclastogenesis, partly via IL-6 production, suggesting that CXCL8 and CCL20 may contribute to osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis by affecting bone cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janak L. Pathak
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Astrid D. Bakker
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Verschueren
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Willem F. Lems
- Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank P. Luyten
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jenneke Klein-Nulend
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hou KZ, Fu ZQ, Gong H. Chemokine ligand 20 enhances progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:475-483. [PMID: 25593462 PMCID: PMC4292278 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i2.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To identify the mechanisms of chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and evaluate it as a prognostic marker.
METHODS: Expression of CCL20 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in HCC tissues from 62 patients who underwent curative resection. The relationship between CCL20 expression and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate its predictive value for recurrence and survival of HCC patients. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-and signaling pathway-related proteins were evaluated by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. The effects of CCL20 on HCC cell proliferation and migration were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenoltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Transwell assays.
RESULTS: CCL20 immunoreactivity was detected in all 62 patient specimens. CCL20 expression was associated with preoperative alpha-fetoprotein level (P = 0.043), tumor size (P = 0.000), tumor number (P = 0.008), vascular invasion (P = 0.014), and tumor differentiation (P = 0.007). Patients with high CCL20 expression had poorer recurrence-free and overall survivals compared to those with low CCL20 expression (both P < 0.001). CCL20 induced EMT-like changes in HCC cells and increased their proliferation and migration ability (P < 0.05). Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining showed that CCL20 induced an EMT-like phenotype in HCC cells, and increased expression of phosphorylated AKT, β-catenin and vimentin, and decreased E-cadherin expression (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis revealed that high CCL20 expression in HCC tissue specimens was negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression (13.33%, 4/30), and positively correlated with vimentin (90.0%, 27/30), β-catenin (96.67%, 29/30) and p-AKT (76.67%, 23/30) expression.
CONCLUSION: CCL20 expression is associated with HCC recurrence and patient survival and promotes HCC cell proliferation and migration by inducing EMT-like changes via PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
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Söbirk SK, Mörgelin M, Egesten A, Bates P, Shannon O, Collin M. Human chemokines as antimicrobial peptides with direct parasiticidal effect on Leishmania mexicana in vitro. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58129. [PMID: 23533582 PMCID: PMC3606167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptor-mediated effects are important mediators of the immunological response and cure in human leishmaniasis. However, in addition to their signalling properties for leukocytes, many chemokines have also been shown to act directly as antimicrobial peptides on bacteria and fungi. We screened ten human chemokines (CXCL2, CXCL6, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL3, CCL20, CCL27, CCL28) for antimicrobial effects on the promastigote form of the protozoan parasite Leishmania mexicana, and observed direct parasiticidal effects of several, CCL28 being the most potent. Damage to the plasma membrane integrity could be visualised by entrance of propidium iodide, as measured with flow cytometry, and by scanning electron microscopy, which showed morphological changes and aggregation of cells. The findings were in concordance with parasiticidal activity, measured by decreased mitochondrial activity in an MTT-assay. This is the first report of direct antimicrobial activity by chemokines on parasites. This component of immunity against Leishmania parasites identified here warrants further investigation that might lead to new insight in the mechanisms of human infection and/or new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara K Söbirk
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Ye ZJ, Yuan ML, Zhou Q, Du RH, Yang WB, Xiong XZ, Zhang JC, Wu C, Qin SM, Shi HZ. Differentiation and recruitment of Th9 cells stimulated by pleural mesothelial cells in human Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31710. [PMID: 22363712 PMCID: PMC3282767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly discovered IL-9–producing CD4+ helper T cells (Th9 cells) have been reported to contribute to tissue inflammation and immune responses, however, differentiation and immune regulation of Th9 cells in tuberculosis remain unknown. In the present study, our data showed that increased Th9 cells with the phenotype of effector memory cells were found to be in tuberculous pleural effusion as compared with blood. TGF-β was essential for Th9 cell differentiation from naïve CD4+ T cells stimulated with PMA and ionomycin in vitro for 5 h, and addition of IL-1β, IL-4 or IL-6 further augmented Th9 cell differentiation. Tuberculous pleural effusion and supernatants of cultured pleural mesothelial cells were chemotactic for Th9 cells, and this activity was partly blocked by anti-CCL20 antibody. IL-9 promoted the pleural mesothelial cell repairing and inhibited IFN-γ-induced pleural mesothelial cell apoptosis. Moreover, pleural mesothelial cells promoted Th9 cell differentiation by presenting antigen. Collectively, these data provide new information concerning Th9 cells, in particular the collaborative immune regulation between Th9 cells and pleural mesothelial cells in human M. tuberculosis infection. In particular, pleural mesothelial cells were able to function as antigen-presenting cells to stimulate Th9 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Li Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong-Hui Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Bing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Zhi Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Chu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shou-Ming Qin
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huan-Zhong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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Kodama S, Abe N, Hirano T, Suzuki M. A single nasal dose of CCL20 chemokine induces dendritic cell recruitment and enhances nontypable Haemophilus influenzae-specific immune responses in the nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol 2011; 131:989-96. [PMID: 21534717 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2011.576429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicate the potential of CCL20 as an effective mucosal adjuvant and suggest that nasal vaccination with P6 in combination with nasal CCL20 might be an effective regimen for the induction of nontypable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi)-specific protective immunity. OBJECTIVES Nasal vaccination is an effective therapeutic regimen for preventing upper respiratory infections. In the development of nasal vaccine, an appropriate adjuvant is required. In the present study we examined the efficacy of CCL20 as a mucosal adjuvant. METHODS CCL20 was administered intranasally to mice, which were then immunized intranasally with P6 protein of NTHi, and P6-specific immune responses were examined. In addition, NTHi challenges were performed and the level of NTHi was quantified in nasal washes. RESULTS Nasal application of CCL20 induced an increase in the number of dendritic cells in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue. P6-specific nasal wash immunoglobulin (Ig)A and serum IgG titers were elevated significantly after nasal immunization. Enhanced NTHi clearance from the nasopharynx was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Kodama
- Department of Otolaryngology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan.
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Xu L, Xu W, Wen Z, Xiong S. In situ prior proliferation of CD4+ CCR6+ regulatory T cells facilitated by TGF-β secreting DCs is crucial for their enrichment and suppression in tumor immunity. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20282. [PMID: 21655250 PMCID: PMC3105045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), a heterogeneous population, were enrichment in tumor mass and played an important role in modulating anti-tumor immunity. Recently, we reported a Treg subset, CCR6+ Tregs but not CCR6−Tregs, were enriched in tumor mass and closely related to poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we carefully evaluate the enrichment of CCR6+Tregs in tumor mass during progression of breast cancer and explore its possible mechanism. Methodology/Principal Findings The frequency of CCR6+Tregs in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs ) was analyzed at early stage and at late stage of tumor in a murine breast cancer model by FACS respectively. The expansion of CCR6+Tregs and their CCR6− counterpart in tumor mass were determined by BrdU incorporation assay. The effect and its possible mechanism of tumor-resident antigen presenting cells (APCs) on the proliferation of CCR6+Tregs also were evaluated. The role of local expansion of CCR6+Tregs in their enrichment and suppression in vivo also was evaluated in adoptive cell transfer assay. We found that the prior enrichment of CCR6+Tregs but not CCR6−Tregs in tumor mass during progression of murine breast cancer, which was dependent on the dominant proliferation of CCR6+ Tregs in situ. Further study demonstrated that tumor-resident DCs triggered the proliferation of CCR6+Treg cells in TGF-β dependent manner. Adoptive transfer of CCR6+Tregs was found to potently inhibit the function of CD8+T cells in vivo, which was dependent on their proliferation and subsequently enrichment in tummor mass. Conclusions/Significance Our finding suggested that CCR6+ Tregs, a distinct subset of Tregs, exert its predominant suppressive role in tumor immunity through prior in situ expansion, which might ultimately provide helpful thoughts for the designing of Treg-based immunotherapy for tumor in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Institute for Immunobiology and Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Institute for Immunobiology and Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sidong Xiong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute for Immunobiology and Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Lee SM, Yang H, Tartar DM, Gao B, Luo X, Ye SQ, Zaghouani H, Fang D. Prevention and treatment of diabetes with resveratrol in a non-obese mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2011; 54:1136-46. [PMID: 21340626 PMCID: PMC4036531 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We recently found that activation of the type III histone deacetylase sirtuin 1 suppresses T cell immune responses. Here we sought to determine the therapeutic potential of the sirtuin 1 activator resveratrol in the treatment of diabetes in the NOD mouse model of type 1 diabetes and the mechanisms underlying such potential. METHODS NOD mice were fed or subcutaneously injected with resveratrol and evaluated for development of diabetes. Splenocytes from resveratrol-treated and control mice were analysed by gene array. The altered expression of inflammatory genes induced by resveratrol was validated and the role of changed gene expression in prevention of diabetes was determined. RESULTS Resveratrol administration potently prevented and treated type 1 diabetes in NOD mice. Gene array analysis indicated a dramatic decrease in expression of Ccr6, which encodes chemokine (C-C motif) receptor (CCR) 6, in the splenocytes from resveratrol-treated mice. CCR6 abundance on IL-17-producing cells and CD11b(+)F4/80(hi) macrophages was inhibited by resveratrol treatment. Interestingly, CCR6(+) IL-17-producing cells and CD11b(+)F4/80(hi) macrophages accumulated in the spleens and pancreatic lymph nodes, but their presence in the pancreas was reduced, suggesting that resveratrol blocks their migration from peripheral lymphoid organs to the pancreas. Indeed, the migration of splenocytes toward media containing chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) was impaired by resveratrol treatment. CCL20 peptides, which block CCR6 binding to CCL20, inhibited development of type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Inhibition of CCR6-mediated migration of inflammatory cells by resveratrol may provide a powerful approach for treatment of type 1 diabetes and possibly of other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.-M. Lee
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - H. Yang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - D. M. Tartar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - B. Gao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - X. Luo
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S. Q. Ye
- Department of Medical Research, University of Missouri Kansas, City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA. Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - H. Zaghouani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - D. Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Nistala K, Moncrieffe H, Newton KR, Varsani H, Hunter P, Wedderburn LR. Interleukin-17-producing T cells are enriched in the joints of children with arthritis, but have a reciprocal relationship to regulatory T cell numbers. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 58:875-87. [PMID: 18311821 PMCID: PMC2675006 DOI: 10.1002/art.23291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T cells from patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and investigate their cytokine production, migratory capacity, and relationship to Treg cells at sites of inflammation, as well as to test the hypothesis that IL-17+ T cell numbers correlate with clinical phenotype in childhood arthritis. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to analyze the phenotype, cytokine production, and chemokine receptor expression of IL-17-producing T cells in peripheral blood and synovial fluid mononuclear cells from 36 children with JIA, in parallel with analysis of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)-positive Treg cells. Migration of IL-17+ T cells toward CCL20 was assessed by a Transwell assay. Synovial tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry for IL-17 and IL-22. RESULTS IL-17+ T cells were enriched in the joints of children with JIA as compared with the blood of JIA patients (P = 0.0001) and controls (P = 0.018) and were demonstrated in synovial tissue. IL-17+ T cell numbers were higher in patients with extended oligoarthritis, the more severe subtype of JIA, as compared with patients with persistent oligoarthritis, the milder subtype (P = 0.046). Within the joint, there was an inverse relationship between IL-17+ T cells and FoxP3+ Treg cells (r = 0.61, P = 0.016). IL-17+,CD4+ T cells were uniformly CCR6+ and migrated toward CCL20, but synovial IL-17+ T cells had variable CCR4 expression. A proportion of IL-17+ synovial T cells produced IL-22 and interferon-gamma. CONCLUSION This study is the first to define the frequency and characteristics of "Th17" cells in JIA. We suggest that these highly proinflammatory cells contribute to joint pathology, as indicated by relationships with clinical phenotypes, and that the balance between IL-17+ T cells and Treg cells may be critical to outcome.
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Chan DI, Hunter HN, Tack BF, Vogel HJ. Human macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha: protein and peptide nuclear magnetic resonance solution structures, dimerization, dynamics, and anti-infective properties. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008; 52:883-94. [PMID: 18086840 PMCID: PMC2258517 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00805-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Revised: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 12/07/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha (MIP-3alpha), also known as CCL20, is a 70-amino-acid chemokine which exclusively binds to chemokine receptor 6. In addition, the protein also has direct antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. The solution structure of MIP-3alpha was solved by the use of two-dimensional homonuclear proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The structure reveals the characteristic chemokine fold, with three antiparallel beta strands followed by a C-terminal alpha helix. In contrast to the crystal structures of MIP-3alpha, the solution structure was found to be monomeric. Another difference between the NMR and crystal structures lies in the angle of the alpha helix with respect to the beta strands, which measure 69 and approximately 56.5 degrees in the two structures, respectively. NMR diffusion and pH titration studies revealed a distinct tendency for MIP-3alpha to form dimers at neutral pH and monomers at lower pH, dependent on the protonation state of His40. Molecular dynamics simulations of both the monomeric and the dimeric forms of MIP-3alpha supported the notion that the chemokine undergoes a change in helix angle upon dimerization and also highlighted the important hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding contacts made by His40 in the dimer interface. Moreover, a constrained N terminus and a smaller binding groove were observed in dimeric MIP-3alpha simulations, which could explain why monomeric MIP-3alpha may be more adept at receptor binding and activation. The solution structure of a synthetic peptide consisting of the last 20 residues of MIP-3alpha displayed a highly amphipathic alpha helix, reminiscent of various antimicrobial peptides. Antimicrobial assays with this peptide revealed strong and moderate bactericidal activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. This confirms that the C-terminal alpha-helical region of MIP-3alpha plays a significant part in its broad anti-infective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I Chan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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Shao XA, Yuang FH, Wang Y, Chen ZH, Xu CJ. [Inhibitory Effect of CCL20 on CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cell development in mouse thymus]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2008; 16:170-174. [PMID: 18315924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of chemokine CCL20 in development of CD4(+)CD25(+) thymocytes by means of fetal thymus organ culture. Fetal mouse thymus lobes were removed at the fetus age of 14.5 days and cultured in complete RPMI 1640 with 20% FBS in vitro. Phenotypes of the thymocytes were analyzed by FACS and the number of cells per lobe was counted. The results revealed that from day 14.5 to day 19, the absolute and relative numbers of the CD4(+)CD25(+) thymocytes varied similarly as their development as in vitro culture at 6 days. Data showed that during the 6 days in vitro culture the CD4(+)CD25(+) cell percentage out of CD4(+) cells was 58.29%, 12.14%, 6.08%, 17.78%, 9.06%, 4.04% and the CD4(+)CD25(+) cell percentage out of CD25(+) cells was 3.75%, 10.81%, 17.20%, 51.93%, 61.64%, 80.06%. All these data indicated similar characters to their development in vivo. Moreover, at interference with CCL20, the percentage of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells in thymocytes significantly decreased at the 3 and 6 days from 3.24+/-0.18 and 3.96+/-0.24 to 1.27+/-0.11 (p<0.001) and 1.76+/-0.22 (p<0.001) respectively. It is concluded that the development of CD4(+)CD25(+) thymocytes is similar both in vitro and in vivo, interfering with CCL20 significantly downregulate the expression of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells. The above data may help to understand the development of naturally arising CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-An Shao
- Centre of Clinical Molecular Medicine, PLA 123 Hospital, Bengbu 233015, Anhui Province, China.
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