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Xiao S, Liang Y, Zhu X, Kyes S, Cai X. Are vehicle tires major contributors to microplastic emissions into the China seas? A simple model perspective. Sci Total Environ 2024; 920:171003. [PMID: 38382610 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics pose a substantial threat to our environment. Given China's large population and rapid economic growth, it is urgent to estimate the annual emissions of microplastics into its marine environment. The microplastics show a significant variation in their source emissions as well as in their physical and chemical properties, leading to differences in their transport and fate in aquatic environments. To account for these variations, we developed a process-oriented model that considers microplastics from different sources and the inter-provincial variation in their retention rate to assess annual microplastic emissions into the China seas. On a national scale, of the microplastics emitted, 36.05 % are from household laundry activities, 27.26 % are from the wear and tear of vehicle tires, and 24.04 % are from the abrasion of plastic household items. After emission, 60.21 % are removed by wastewater treatment plants. The overall proportion of microplastics that end up in the marine environment highly depends on the specific riverine retention rate of microplastics from vehicle tires. Including the high settling rate of these microplastics, this proportion drops from 9.96 % to 3.29 %, rendering vehicle tires a minor contributor to microplastic emissions into the China seas compared to other sources. Moreover, when using the density-dependent approach and considering the east/west dimension of each province, the microplastic emissions from vehicle tires into the China seas decrease from 71 % to 5.27 %. This underscores the urgent need for global and regional models to account for the detailed riverine transport process of microplastics from vehicle tires in order to enhance the accuracy of their emission estimates into coastal waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuolin Xiao
- Ralph S. O'Connor Sustainable Energy Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, MD, USA.
| | - Yuran Liang
- College of Environment and Life Sciences, Minzu University of China, 10081 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Portland State University, Portland 97201, OR, USA.
| | - Simone Kyes
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Portland State University, Portland 97201, OR, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- Research Center for Mathematics, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research and Application for Data Science, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, Guangdong, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Xu Y, Li X. Temporal variations of diversity and community structure of epifauna along the latitudinal and depth gradients in China seas over nearly 60 years. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 195:115478. [PMID: 37716132 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
To examine the diversity and community structure of epifauna along latitudinal and depth gradients in China seas and its temporal variations over nearly 60 years, a total of 61,424 records of epifauna were compiled. Latitudinal gradients of γ-diversity from 28 to 37°N showed two peaks of increase in 1958-1960; however, only one peak was observed near 28°N in 2000-2015. Along depth gradient, the peak of species richness shifted about 10 m deeper from about 50 m in 1958-1960 to about 60 m in 2000-2015. Values of α-diversity were higher in 2000-2015 than that in 1958-1960 in latitudes from 30 to 33°N and in depth from 50 to 75 m, respectively. Epifaunal communities were distributed basically along latitudinal and depth gradients. Spatial patterns of communities in the southern Yellow Sea and northern East China Sea were found relatively stable over nearly 60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; China Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Xinzheng Li
- Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; China Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Li X, Yang D, Qiu JW, Liu P, Meng D, Zhu H, Guo L, Luo S, Wang Z, Ke C. Mitochondrial genome of Leocrates chinensis Kinberg, 1866 (Annelida: Hesionidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2023; 8:172-176. [PMID: 36713295 PMCID: PMC9879194 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2023.2167480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the complete mitochondrial genome of Leocrates chinensis Kinberg, 1866 - the type species of the genus. It is 15061 bp long, and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes (tRNAs), and 2 rRNA genes (rRNAs), and 1 putative control region. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that L. chinensis was placed as sister to Sirsoe methanicola (BS = 100) of the same family Hesionidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Deyuan Yang
- National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, China,College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian-Wen Qiu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China,Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Penglong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dehao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Limei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Site Luo
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,CONTACT Zhi Wang
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,Caihuan Ke State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Wang Q, Liu Y, Yan L, Chen L, Li B. Genome-Wide SNP Discovery and Population Genetic Analysis of Mesocentrotus nudus in China Seas. Front Genet 2021; 12:717764. [PMID: 34490044 PMCID: PMC8416983 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.717764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesocentrotus nudus is an important commercially aquatic species because of its high edible and medicinal values. However, wild stocks have dramatically decreased in recent decades. Understanding the population structure and genetic diversity can provide vital information for genetic conservation and improvement. In the present study, the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach was adopted to identify the genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a collection of 80 individuals consisting of five geographical populations (16 individuals from each population), covering the natural habitats of M. nudus in China seas. An average of 0.96-Gb clean reads per sample were sequenced, and a total of 51,738 biallelic SNPs were identified. Based on these SNPs, diversity index analysis showed that all populations have a similar pattern with positive Fis (0.136) and low Ne (724.3). Low genetic differentiation and high genetic connectivity among five geographical populations were detected by pairwise Fst, principal component analysis (PCA), admixture, and phylogenetic analysis. Besides, two YWL individuals originating from an isolated ancestor may imply that there is a genetically differentiated population in the adjacent sea. Overall, the results showed that GBS is an effective method to detect genome-wide SNPs for M. nudus and suggested that the protective measures and the investigation with larger spatial scale and sample size for M. nudus should be carried out in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Baoquan Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Wang Y, Li X, Wang C. Metasychis varicollaris sp. nov. and report of Metasychis gotoi (Maldanidae, Annelida) from the China Seas. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10608. [PMID: 33643700 PMCID: PMC7897410 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychaete species are widely distributed throughout Indo-Pacific and European waters. We collected Metasychis specimens from the China Seas to report on Metasychis varicollaris sp. n. and Metasychis gotoi (Izuka, 1902) in greater detail. Geographic analysis of the potential distribution areas of M. gotoi indicates that it may be found in most coastal areas of China. The newly discovered species, M. varicollaris and M. gotoi, have an overlapping distribution in the northern South China Sea. Metasychis varicollaris sp. n. is characterized by a crenulated cephalic rim, complete collar on chaetiger 1, a packet-shaped anal funnel, and a spirally-fringed notochaetae with spiral pectinate bands imbricated over the main shaft. Our study provides a taxonomic key to all species of Metasychis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinzheng Li
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.,School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Zeng J, Yin B, Wang Y, Huai B. Significantly decreasing harmful algal blooms in China seas in the early 21st century. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 139:270-274. [PMID: 30686428 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are one of primary worldwide environmental problems with severe consequences for aquatic ecosystems, human health, marine fisheries and local economy. During the past few decades, coastal waters of China Seas have experienced a significant increase in the occurrence of the HAB events, which is common across the vast majority of coastal waters of the world. Here we report the absence of the widespread increase over the early 21st century in China Seas. Both frequency and coverage area of annual HAB events have decreased at statistically significant rates for the 2000-2017 period. Despite the multiple factors determining the outbreak of HABs, the improvement of water quality in the marginal sea off China and changes in the sea surface temperature in the early 21st century may play an important role in the decrease in the HABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zeng
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Baoling Yin
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yetang Wang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Baojuan Huai
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
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Xia X, Liu H, Choi D, Noh JH. Variation of Synechococcus Pigment Genetic Diversity Along Two Turbidity Gradients in the China Seas. Microb Ecol 2018; 75:10-21. [PMID: 28667427 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Synechococcus are important and widely distributed picocyanobacteria that encompass a high pigment diversity. In this study, we developed a primer set (peBF/peAR) for amplifying the cpeBA operon sequence from Synechococcus genomic DNA to study Synechococcus pigment diversity along two turbidity gradients in the China seas. Our data revealed that all previously reported pigment types occurred in the South (SCS) and East (ECS) China Seas. In addition, a novel pigment genetic type (type 3f), represented by the high phycourobilin Synechococcus sp. strain KORDI-100 (Exc495:545 = 2.35), was detected. This pigment genetic type differs from the 3c/3d types not only for a very high PUB/PEB ratio but also for a different intergenic spacer sequence and gene organization of the phycobilisome. Synechococcus of different pigment types exhibited clear niche differentiation. Type 2 dominated in the coastal waters, whereas type 3c/3d and 3f were predominant in oceanic waters of the SCS in summer. In the ECS, however, type 3a was the major pigment type throughout the transect. We suggest that in marine environment, various pigment types often co-occur but with one type dominant and PUB/PEB ratio is related to geographic distribution of Synechococcus pigment types. The two marginal seas of China have markedly different Synechococcus pigment compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Xia
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Donghan Choi
- Marine Ecosystem and Biological Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Noh
- Marine Ecosystem and Biological Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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