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Yue W. Research on the path of local colleges participating in community education of affordable rental housing in industrial parks. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29535. [PMID: 38681602 PMCID: PMC11053206 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The affordable rental housing community in industrial parks has become a large-scale community, but little attention has been paid to this type of community education. Therefore, based on the concept of educational equality, this project aims to explore the path of local colleges participating in community education for affordable rental housing in industrial parks. With convenient samples, empirical research is conducted on the current situation and residents' needs of affordable rental housing community education in the Qianwan New Area Industrial Park. And it has been found that community residents have a high willingness to learn on one hand, however, on the other hand, there are few types of community education to meet their demand; Although there are many public space resources, the utilization of scene spaces is far from sufficient. Based on these findings, this research explores and proposes the paths for local colleges to participate in community education for affordable rental housing in industrial parks through resource sharing models, in-depth community services for all-age residential groups, the cultivation of application-oriented talents to promote the integration of industry and education and enriching spiritual connotation of community education content. By enhancing the quality of all-age residents, namely, the new citizens including industrial workers and their relatives, it can promote the construction of a learning-oriented society and contribute to the realization of common prosperity. This study has certain theoretical and practical significance in enriching the research field of community education, promoting social integration of new citizens, and helping to achieve common prosperity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yue
- College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Dignan M, Cina K, Sargent M, O'Connor M, Tobacco R, Burhansstipanov L, Ahamed S, White D, Petereit D. Increasing Lung Cancer Screening for High-Risk Smokers in a Frontier Population. J Cancer Educ 2024; 39:27-32. [PMID: 37688691 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Northern Plains American Indians (AIs) have some of the highest smoking and lung cancer mortality rates in the USA. They are a high-risk population in which many are eligible for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening, but such screening is rarely used. This study investigated methods to increase LDCT utilization through both a provider and community intervention to lower lung cancer mortality rates. This study used the Precaution Adoption Model for provider and community interventions implemented in four study regions in western South Dakota. The goal was to increase LDCT screening for eligible participants. Intake surveys and LDCT screenings were compared at baseline and 6 months following the education programs for both interventions. A total of 131 providers participated in the provider intervention. At the 6-month follow-up survey, 31 (63%) referred at least one patient for LDCT (p < 0.05). Forty (32.3%) community participants reported their provider recommended an LDCT and of those, 30(75%) reported getting an LDCT (p < 0.05). A total of 2829 patient surveys were completed at the imaging sites and most (88%, n = 962) cited provider recommendation as their reason for obtaining an LDCT. Almost half (46%; n = 131) of the referring providers attended a provider education workshop, and 73% of the providers worked at a clinic that hosted at least one community education session. Over the study period, LDCT utilization increased from 640 to 1706, a 90.9% increase. The provider intervention had the strongest impact on LDCT utilization. This study demonstrated increased LDCT utilization through the provider intervention but increases also were documented for the other intervention combinations. The community-based education program increased both community and provider awareness on the value of LDCTs to lower lung cancer mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Dignan
- University of Kentucky, 760 Press Avenue, Room 335, Lexington, KY, 40536-0679, USA.
| | - Kristin Cina
- Avera Research Institute, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Sheikh Ahamed
- Ubicomp Lab, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - David White
- Dakota Radiology, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA
| | - Daniel Petereit
- Avera Research Institute, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA
- Monument Health Cancer Care Institute, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA
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Bray JE, Nehme Z, Finn JC, Kasza J, Clark RA, Stub D, Cadilhac DA, Buttery AK, Woods J, Kim J, Smith BJ, Smith K, Cartledge S, Beauchamp A, Dodge N, Walker T, Flemming-Judge E, Chow C, Stewart M, Cox N, van Gaal W, Nadurata V, Cameron P. A protocol for the Heart Matters stepped wedge cluster randomised trial: The effectiveness of heart attack education in regions at highest-risk. Resusc Plus 2023; 15:100431. [PMID: 37555197 PMCID: PMC10405322 DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the Heart Matters (HM) trial which aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a community heart attack education intervention in high-risk areas in Victoria, Australia. These local government areas (LGAs) have high rates of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), cardiovascular risk factors, and low rates of emergency medical service (EMS) use for ACS. METHODS The trial follows a stepped-wedge cluster randomised design, with eight clusters (high-risk LGAs) randomly assigned to transition from control to intervention every four months. Two pairs of LGAs will transition simultaneously due to their proximity. The intervention consists of a heart attack education program delivered by trained HM Coordinators, with additional support from opportunistic media and a geo-targeted social media campaign. The primary outcome measure is the proportion of residents from the eight LGAs who present to emergency departments by EMS during an ACS event. Secondary outcomes include prehospital delay time, rates of OHCA and heart attack awareness. The primary and secondary outcomes will be analysed at the patient/participant level using mixed-effects logistic regression models. A detailed program evaluation is also being conducted. The trial was registered on August 9, 2021 (NCT04995900). RESULTS The intervention was implemented between February 2022 and March 2023, and outcome data will be collected from administrative databases, registries, and surveys. Primary trial data is expected to be locked for analysis by October 31st 2023, with a follow-up planned until March 31st 2024. CONCLUSION The results from this trial will provide high-level evidence the effectiveness of a community education intervention targeting regions at highest-risk of ACS and low EMS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet E. Bray
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
- School of Nursing, Curtin University, Australia
- Alfred Health, Australia
| | - Ziad Nehme
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
- Ambulance Victoria, Australia
| | - Judith C. Finn
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
- School of Nursing, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Jessica Kasza
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
| | - Robyn A. Clark
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Australia
- Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Australia
| | - Dion Stub
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
- Alfred Health, Australia
- Ambulance Victoria, Australia
| | - Dominique A. Cadilhac
- Stroke and Ageing Research, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Australia
- Stroke Theme, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Janelle Woods
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
- National Heart Foundation of Australia, Australia
| | - Joosup Kim
- Stroke and Ageing Research, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Australia
- Stroke Theme, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ben J. Smith
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen Smith
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
- Department of Research and Innovation, Silverchain, Australia
| | - Susie Cartledge
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Natasha Dodge
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
| | - Tony Walker
- Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Clara Chow
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Cameron
- Monash School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
- Alfred Health, Australia
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Bouchard EG, Saad-Harfouche FG, Clark N, Colon J, LaValley SA, Reid M, Attwood K, Bansal-Travers M, Glaser K. Adapting Community Educational Programs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparing the Feasibility and Efficacy of a Lung Cancer Screening Educational Intervention by Mode of Delivery. J Cancer Educ 2023; 38:854-862. [PMID: 35840859 PMCID: PMC9286703 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-022-02197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Few eligible patients receive lung cancer screening. We developed the Lung AIR (awareness, information, and resources) intervention to increase community education regarding lung cancer screening. The intervention was designed as an in-person group intervention; however, the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated adapting the mode of delivery. In this study we examined intervention feasibility and efficacy overall and by mode of delivery (in-person group vs. one-on-one phone) to understand the impact of adapting community outreach and engagement strategies. Feasibility was examined through participant demographics. Efficacy was measured through pre/post knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about lung cancer screening, and intention to complete screening. We reached N = 292 participants. Forty percent had a household income below $35,000, 58% had a high school degree or less, 40% were Hispanic, 57% were Black, and 84% reported current or past smoking. One-on-one phone sessions reached participants who were older, had lower incomes, more current smoking, smoked for more years, more cigarettes per day, lower pre-intervention lung cancer screening knowledge, and higher pre-intervention fear and worry. Overall pre/post test scores show significant increases in knowledge, salience, and coherence, and reduced fear and worry. Participants in the one-on-one phone sessions had significantly higher increases in salience and coherence and intention to complete screening compared to participants in the in-person group sessions. The Lung AIR intervention is a feasible and effective community-based educational intervention for lung cancer screening. Findings point to differences in reach and efficacy of the community-based intervention by mode of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Bouchard
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Office of Community Outreach and Engagement, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
| | - Frances G Saad-Harfouche
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Office of Community Outreach and Engagement, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Nikia Clark
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Office of Community Outreach and Engagement, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jomary Colon
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Office of Community Outreach and Engagement, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Susan A LaValley
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Office of Community Outreach and Engagement, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Mary Reid
- Department of Medical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Kristopher Attwood
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Maansi Bansal-Travers
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Kathryn Glaser
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Office of Community Outreach and Engagement, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
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Irvin R, Venkataramani M, Galiatsatos P, Hitchcock JD, Hemphill N, Dearey M, Bigelow BF, Cooper LA, Molello NE, O'Conor KJ, Page KR, Golden SH. A Path Forward: COVID-19 Vaccine Equity Community Education and Outreach Initiative. Health Secur 2023; 21:85-94. [PMID: 36791317 PMCID: PMC10079247 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2022.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines offer hope to end the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, we document key lessons learned as we continue to confront COVID-19 variants and work to adapt our vaccine outreach strategies to best serve our community. In the fall of 2020, the Office of Diversity, Inclusion and Health Equity at Johns Hopkins Medicine, in collaboration with the Office of Government and Community Affairs for Johns Hopkins University and Medicine, established the COVID-19 Vaccine Equity Community Education and Outreach Initiative in partnership with faith and community leaders, local and state government representatives, and community-based organizations. Working with community and government partnerships established before COVID-19 enabled our team to quickly build infrastructure focused on COVID-19 vaccine education and equity. These partnerships resulted in the development and implementation of web-based educational content, major culturally adapted media campaigns (reaching more than 200,000 individuals), community and faith education outreach, youth-focused initiatives, and equity-focused mobile vaccine clinics. The community mobile vaccine clinics vaccinated over 3,000 people in the first 3 months. Of these, 90% identified as persons of color who have been disproportionately impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Academic-government-community partnerships are vital to ensure health equity. Community partnerships, education events, and open dialogues were conducted between the community and medical faculty. Using nontraditional multicultural media venues enabled us to reach many community members and facilitated informed decisionmaking. Additionally, an equitable COVID-19 vaccine policy requires attention to vaccine access as well as access to sound educational information. Our initiative has been thoughtful about using various types of vaccination sites, mobile vaccine units, and flexible hours of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risha Irvin
- Risha Irvin, MD, MPH, is Associate Vice Chair for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Department of Medicine; and Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Maya Venkataramani
- Maya Venkataramani, MD, MPH, is an Assistant Professor, Division of General Internal Medicine of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Panagis Galiatsatos
- Panagis Galiatsatos, MD, MHS, is Co-Director, Medicine for the Greater Good, and an Assistant Professor, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jeanne D. Hitchcock
- Jeanne D. Hitchcock, JD, is Special Advisor to the Vice President for Local Government, Community, and Corporate Affairs; Johns Hopkins Local Government and Community Affairs, Johns Hopkins University and Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nondie Hemphill
- Nondie Hemphill, JD, is Associate Director, Johns Hopkins Local Government and Community Affairs, Johns Hopkins University and Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Margaret Dearey
- Margaret Dearey, MHS, is a Research Program Coordinator, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Benjamin F. Bigelow
- Benjamin F. Bigelow is Director, COVID-19 Mobile Vaccine Team, Johns Hopkins Health System, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lisa A. Cooper
- Lisa A. Cooper, MD, MPH, is a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor, Equity in Health and Healthcare, Department of Health, Behavior, and Society; Director, Johns Hopkins Center for Health Equity; and Director, Johns Hopkins Urban Health Institute; all at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. She is also the James F. Fries Professor of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nancy Edwards Molello
- Nancy Edwards Molello, MSB, is Program Director, Operations and Strategic Initiatives, Johns Hopkins Center for Health Equity, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Katie J. O'Conor
- Katie J O'Conor, MD, is Faculty and Chief Diversity Officer, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kathleen R. Page
- Kathleen R. Page, MD, is an Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Co-Director, Center for Salud/Health and Opportunities for Latinos, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sherita H. Golden
- Sherita H. Golden, MD, MHS, is Vice President and Chief Diversity Officer, Johns Hopkins Medicine; and Hugh P. McCormick Family Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Duong MC, Nguyen HT, Duong BT, Vu MT. The Levels of COVID-19 Related Health Literacy among University Students in Vietnam. Infect Chemother 2021; 53:107-117. [PMID: 34409784 PMCID: PMC8032923 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2020.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vietnam is among the few countries that were successful in the fight against the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, subsequent domestic outbreaks of COVID-19 continue to occur. To sharp the community education program to guarantee the final success in the fight against COVID-19 in Vietnam and comparable countries, we examined the levels of COVID-19 knowledge and associated predictors among university students in Vietnam. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on all students enrolling at Phenikaa University using a self-developed questionnaire consisted of 20 questions regarding COVID-19's risk factors, transmission routes, symptoms, and prevention. Results Among 728 participants, 40.9% were male, 63.2% studied health-related majors, and 18.1% lived alone. Correct response rates ranged from 25.3% to 98.9% across 20 questions. Only 51.9% (378/728) of participants had good knowledge levels. Studying health majors (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.547, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.398 - 0.751, P <0.001), and living with the seniors (AOR 0.612, 95% CI 0.389 - 0.963, P = 0.034) or with friends (AOR 0.405, 95% CI 0.252 – 0.650, P <0.001) were negatively associated with a poor level of COVID-19 knowledge. Conclusion The proportion of university students having good knowledge levels is suboptimal. It is essential to improve the quality of COVID-19 education with a more focus on not only the preventive measures, but also the disease itself. More studies are needed to improve the level of COVID-19 knowledge among those living alone or do not study health-related majors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Cuong Duong
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Samuels Building, F25, Samuel Terry Ave, Kensington, Australia.
| | - Hong Trang Nguyen
- Faculty of Nursing, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia ward, Ha Dong district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Minh Thuy Vu
- Faculty of Nursing, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia ward, Ha Dong district, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Abstract
Covid-19 has put education in a challenging place. With millions of children out of school, education needs to reinvent itself. During the pandemic, communities have used this opportunity to support children’s education in various ways, including the launching of new online classes. This article takes the social capital theoretical model as its framework and applies it to help communities strengthen their education support systems. It also looks at models from the literature as best practices to operationalize social capital. The article highlights various models for community participation that could continue after the Covid-19 pandemic. It urges the school system to be flexible and incorporate community-driven parental engagement with project-based and experiential learning. These community-driven educational programs must be supported to provide much-needed place-based supplementary education opportunities to students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Iyengar
- Center for Sustainable Development, Earth Institute, Columbia University, 61 Claremont Avenue #1040, New York, NY 10027 USA
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Ryerson Espino S, Aguado P, Puente M, Vergara-Rodriguez P. Proyecto Promover: Attempts to Roll Out an HIV Prevention and Testing Initiative Within a Mexican Immigrant Community. J Immigr Minor Health 2020:10.1007/s10903-020-01075-6. [PMID: 32895761 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-01075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Latinx immigrants and men, in particular, living in the US are disproportionally impacted by HIV. Despite these concerns, there is limited research on the development, implementation, and evaluation of community-based HIV education and HIV testing interventions. The current study describes such efforts within a historic Mexican immigrant enclave in Chicago. A mixed-methods case study was used to describe intervention development, as well as preliminary evaluation data. Community intervention components were refined through early focus groups, asset mapping, community networking and consultation with cultural advisors. We exceeded our activity goals. We were successful in reaching a segment of the population that is often overlooked and remains unaware of HIV and its risks. Incorporating social network approaches could facilitate reaching at-risk community groups. Demonstration projects require more time and resources (fiscal and technical) to develop, refine, evaluate and sustain community-level intervention components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Ryerson Espino
- Evaluation Consultant, Chicago, IL, USA.
- The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Patricia Aguado
- The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Social Work, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Monica Puente
- The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pamela Vergara-Rodriguez
- The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Cook County Bureau of Health Services, The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Bora JK. Factors explaining regional variation in under-five mortality in India: An evidence from NFHS-4. Health Place 2020; 64:102363. [PMID: 32838888 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although child mortality has declined in India, pronounced regional and socioeconomic inequality exists. The study examines the effects of individual- and community-level characteristics on under-five mortality and investigates the extent to which they affect regional variation. The study is based on Indian National Family and Health Survey 4, 2015-16 data. A two-level logistic regression model was performed to examine the effects of the socio-economic characteristics, and multivariate decomposition analysis was done to assess the contribution of factors in the inter-regional under-five mortality differentials. Regional variation in the selected variables is observed. For instance, the percentage of children with small childbirth size varied from 9.7% in the southern to 21.6% in the northeastern region. The percentage of poor households, low educated mothers, and childbirths delivered at home facility were higher in the central and eastern region compared to the southern region. The multilevel analysis shows that the region of residence explained 15.8% variance, and community-level characteristics alone could explain 25.3% variation in the risk of under-five deaths. The decomposition analysis indicates that the average number of excess deaths in the central and eastern regions is higher compared to the other regions. The compositional differences account for 50.9% of the under-five mortality gaps between the south and north region, 80.9% of the gap between the south and east, and 42.9% of the gap between the south and central region of India. Special attention and targeted action are needed to address the underlying causes of low birth weight of children in all the regions of India. Region-specific interventions might be priorities; for example, north, and central regions, need an economic and educational uplift, while infrastructural and economic policies should be prioritized for the northeastern region. Also, region-specific community-level interventions are needed to improve child survival in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Kumar Bora
- Indian Institute of Dalit Studies, New Delhi, 110049, India; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361, Laxenburg, Austria; Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (Univ. Vienna, IIASA, VID/ÖAW), Vienna, Austria.
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Khan SY. Inheritance and Susceptibility to Dental Caries: A Community-based Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:148-155. [PMID: 32670902 PMCID: PMC7339984 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_384_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Effects of consanguineous marriage on human population are known. However, the inherited susceptibility to dental caries is unfortunately quite limited. Aim: This study aimed to assess the dental caries status (DMFT/deft [decayed-missed-filling teeth/decayed-extracted-filled teeth] index) in children born out of consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages. Design: Household survey using a cross-sectional study design was planned, with a sample size of 2000 comprising (1600 non-consanguineous and 400 consanguineous) children, aged 6–9 years. Household survey was also planned using a systematic random sampling. Researcher conducted the study by visiting every 10th household of every 10th ward of Aligarh city, Uttar Pradesh, India. Information of risk factors for dental caries (sociodemographic, birth order, oral hygiene, feeding practices) was recorded on a pretested questionnaire with clinical examination of DMFT/deft index. Analysis: Student t test for equality of means and multivariate logistic regression were used. Results: By Student t test for equality of means, D component (P = 0.003), d component (P < 0.001), and deft score (P < 0.001) were statistically significant in the consanguineous group. Multivariate logistic regression did not deduce any association of either of the study groups, but a significant association of risk factors with dental caries was observed. Conclusion: Dental caries that has multifactorial etiology, both environment and genetic factors, had an influence on the causation of dental caries in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Y Khan
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Kamaraju S, Olson J, DeNomie M, Visotcky A, Banerjee A, Asan O, Tavares E, Rao A, LaCroix M, Krause K, Neuner J, Stolley M. Community Breast Health Education for Immigrants and Refugees: Lessons Learned in Outreach Efforts to Reduce Cancer Disparities. J Cancer Educ 2019; 34:1092-1096. [PMID: 30091014 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-018-1412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Community-academic partnerships are vital to address cancer disparities in geographic areas with diverse socioeconomic, language, and cultural barriers. Regarding breast health, immigrant and refugee women are a particularly vulnerable population, with considerably lower mammography rates than most communities, including racial and ethnic minorities. To promote health care equity in this high-risk population, we developed a community-academic partnership (CAP) model to promote breast health education at community faith-based centers in the city of Milwaukee, WI. In this paper, we describe the success of our partnerships, our lessons learned, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailaja Kamaraju
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Jessica Olson
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Melissa DeNomie
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Alexis Visotcky
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Anjishnu Banerjee
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Onur Asan
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Emmanuel Tavares
- Medical School, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Amrita Rao
- Medical School, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Megan LaCroix
- Medical School, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kate Krause
- Massachusettes General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joan Neuner
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Melinda Stolley
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Raber M, Huynh TN, Crawford K, Kim S, Chandra J. Development and Feasibility of a Community-Based, Culturally Flexible Colorectal Cancer Prevention Program. J Community Health 2019. [PMID: 29532214 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-018-0497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive cancer centers are an important community resource for cancer prevention education in their catchment areas. Colorectal cancer remains one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the United States, making prevention a priority. Colorectal cancer prevention targets include lifestyle modifications that are influenced by cultural norms, such as diet change, physical activity and screening behavior. Cancer centers must tailor prevention efforts to multiethnic catchment areas. This paper describes the development and feasibility of a comprehensive cancer center's approach to community-based colorectal cancer prevention in Houston, Texas, specifically targeting Hispanic and Asian populations. Sites were recruited through a city-wide network of partnerships between the community relations department in the hospital and community organizations. The program consisted of three workshop-style classes per community site. Each class had a similar overall structure, but cultural and site-specific adaptations were made for each group. A total of 33 classes were taught at nine distinct community sites to 1054 participants over 9 months. This program structure may be adapted for the future dissemination of other cancer prevention tools to communities in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Raber
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - To Nhu Huynh
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Karla Crawford
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stephanie Kim
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joya Chandra
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Eskenazi B, Levine DI, Rauch S, Obida M, Crause M, Bornman R, Chevrier J. A community-based education programme to reduce insecticide exposure from indoor residual spraying in Limpopo, South Africa. Malar J 2019; 18:199. [PMID: 31200704 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS), the coating of interior walls of houses with insecticides, is common in malaria-endemic areas. While important in malaria control, IRS potentially exposes residents to harmful insecticides. The World Health Organization recommends steps to minimize exposure; however, no programme has focused on educating populations. Methods A dramatic presentation and song were developed by study personnel and performed by lay performers in order to spread awareness of the importance of IRS and to minimize insecticide exposure. Performances were staged at 16 sprayed villages in the Vhembe District of Limpopo, South Africa, at which 592 attendees completed short questionnaires before and after the performance about behaviors that might limit insecticide exposure. Overall indices of the attendees’ change in knowledge of precautions to take prior to and after spraying to prevent insecticide exposure were analyzed using hierarchical mixed models to assess the effect of the performance on change in participants’ knowledge. Results Approximately half of attendees lived in homes that had been sprayed for malaria and 62% were female. Over 90% thought it better to allow IRS prior to the presentation, but knowledge of proper precautions to prevent exposure was low. The proportion answering correctly about proper distance from home during spraying increased from 49.4% pre-performance to 62.0% post-performance (RR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.41), and the proportion reporting correctly about home re-entry interval after spraying increased from 58.5 to 91.1% (RR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.35, 1.77). Attendees improved in their knowledge about precautions to take prior to and after spraying from mean of 57.9% correct to a mean of 69.7% (β = 12.1%, 95% CI 10.9, 13.4). Specifically, increased knowledge in closing cupboards, removing food and bedding from the home, covering immoveable items with plastic, and leading animals away from the home prior to spraying were observed, as was increased knowledge in sweeping the floors, proper disposal of dead insects, and discarding dirty washrags after spraying. Conclusions A dramatic presentation and song were able to increase the attendees’ knowledge of precautions to take prior to and after spraying in order to limit their insecticide exposure resulting from IRS. This approach to community education is promising and deserves additional study.
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Vázquez Fernández ME, Sanz Almazán M, García Sanz S, Berciano Villalibre C, Alfaro González M, Del Río López A. [Educational intervention in Primary Care to reduce and improve the adequacy of pediatric consultations]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2019; 93:e201901003. [PMID: 30692506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many parents visit paediatric health services due to unimportant reasons (ignorance of health problems of their children and psychosocial and emotional conditionings). The objective was to determine the effectiveness of a health education program, on the number and adequacy of pediatric consultations, in the first 6 months of the child´s life. METHODS Quasi-experimental study of an educational intervention aimed at pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy and their partners. A simple random sampling of the health centers of the province of Valladolid was carried out, assigning four to the intervention group and two to the control group. The pregnant women were informed and participated voluntarily during the period from October 2016 to March 2017.The program consisted of six dynamic and participatory sessions of 90 minutes: rational use of paediatric services, fever, respiratory infec- tions (ARI), gastroenteritis (GEA), skin injuries, and accidents. The variables studies were: epidemiological data of the parents, number of consultations and their adequacy have been analyzed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (v.20.0). Changes in participants before and after receiving workshops were analysed with Student's t test for related samples, or with its alternative test, Wilcoxon's non-parametric test. RESULTS 191 pregnant woman were analyzed (101 control and 90 intervention). First-time pregnant women (62.3% intervention vs 54.1% control) with the high-school trained (59,1% intervention vs 44,2% control) were more participatory. The number of consultations for the reasons studied was reduced (3,5 in the control group vs 2,0 in the intervention group), and the level of adequacy improved in 16,3% (RR:1,62;95%CI:1,26-2,07;p<0,05). CONCLUSIONS These positive results regarding the decrease in the number of consultations and the increase in their adequacy lead us to clearly recommend the establishment of prenatal interviews addressing most common health issues in children, in the Primary Care setting.
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Thoradeniya B, Pinto U, Maheshwari B. Perspectives on impacts of water quality on agriculture and community well-being-a key informant study from Sri Lanka. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:2047-2061. [PMID: 29103115 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Integrated management of water quality is critical for sustaining food production and achieving overall well-being of a community. Further, understanding people's perceptions and engagement can play an important role in achieving water and food security. The main aim of this study was to investigate the perspectives of community and other stakeholders as to how water quality impacts on agriculture, livelihood and community well-being within rural farming communities of two dry zone districts of Sri Lanka. The study adopted 'key informant interviews' as the methodology to investigate community and other stakeholder perspectives to collect primary data over a period of four months. The interview contents were then examined using a frequency matrix and graphed using an Excel graphing tool. The raw text was also analysed to understand the broader patterns in the text. A fuzzy logic cognitive map (FCM) was developed using the relationships between various concepts and linkages provided by the key informants. All key informants were concerned with the quality of drinking water they consume and the water used for their food preparation. Key informants representing the farming community indicated that the use of poor quality groundwater with higher levels of hardness has made growing crops difficult in the region. The key informants also identified extensive and ongoing use of agro-chemicals and fertilisers as a major source of pollution in water bodies in both spatio-temporal scale. Based on key informant interviews, possible initiatives that can help improve surface water and groundwater qualities for both drinking and agricultural use in the dry zone of Sri Lanka can be categorised into four broader themes, viz., provision of filtering/treatment systems, reduction in the use of agro-chemical and fertilisers, education of community stakeholders and support of alternative options for portable water supplies. The study indicates that in the key informants' view of groundwater and surface waters' continued deterioration in the absence of a proper governance structure, a majority of farmers will have restricted access to good quality water to meet daily and agricultural needs, and this will affect the health of the elderly and children in the area. Further, a majority of key informants were of the view that management of surface water and groundwater should be a shared responsibility between the government and the community in the region and appropriate policy initiatives that will improve water literacy at all levels are mandatory to address future water quality challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uthpala Pinto
- Gladstone Healthy Harbour Partnership, Tannum Sands, QLD, Australia
| | - Basant Maheshwari
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Campus, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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Singh K, Speizer IS, Kim ET, Lemani C, Tang JH, Phoya A. Evaluation of a maternity waiting home and community education program in two districts of Malawi. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18:457. [PMID: 30470256 PMCID: PMC6251123 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-018-2084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implementation of Maternity Waiting Homes (MWHs) is a strategy to bring vulnerable women close to a health facility towards the end of their pregnancies. To date, while MWHs are a popular strategy, there is limited evidence on the role that MWHs play in reaching women most in need. This paper contributes to this topic by examining whether two program-supported MWHs in Malawi are reaching women in need and if there are changes in women reached over time. METHODS Two rounds of exit interviews (2015 and 2017) were conducted with women within 3 months of delivery and included both MWH users and non-MWH users. These exit interviews included questions on sociodemographic factors, obstetric risk factors and use of health services. Bivariate statistics were used to compare MWH users and non-MWH users at baseline and endline and over time. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine what factors were associated with MWH use, and Poisson regression was used to study factors associated with HIV knowledge. Descriptive data from discharge surveys were used to examine satisfaction with the MWH structure and environment over time. RESULTS Primiparous women were more likely to use a MWH compared to women of parity 2 (p < 0.05). Women who were told they were at risk of a complication were more likely to use a MWH compared to those who were not told they were at risk (p < 0.05). There were also significant findings for wealth and time to a facility, with poorer women and those who lived further from a facility being more likely to use a MWH. Attendance at a community event was associated with greater knowledge of HIV (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS MWHs have a role to play in efforts to improve maternal health and reduce maternal mortality. Education provided within the MWHs and through community outreach can improve knowledge of important health topics. Malawi and other low and middle income countries must ensure that health facilities affiliated with the MWHs offer high quality services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Singh
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Ilene S. Speizer
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Eunsoo Timothy Kim
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Clara Lemani
- UNC Project-Malawi, c/o Kamuzu Central Hospital, 100 Mzimba Road, Private Bag, A-104 Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Jennifer H. Tang
- UNC Project-Malawi, c/o Kamuzu Central Hospital, 100 Mzimba Road, Private Bag, A-104 Lilongwe, Malawi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Ann Phoya
- UNC Project-Malawi, c/o Kamuzu Central Hospital, 100 Mzimba Road, Private Bag, A-104 Lilongwe, Malawi
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Widman CA, Rodriguez EM, Saad-Harfouche F, Twarozek AM, Erwin DO, Mahoney MC. Clinician and Parent Perspectives on Educational Needs for Increasing Adolescent HPV Vaccination. J Cancer Educ 2018; 33:332-339. [PMID: 27640203 PMCID: PMC5357204 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-016-1105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related morbidity and mortality remain a significant public health burden despite the availability of HPV vaccines for cancer prevention. We engaged clinicians and parents to identify barriers and opportunities related to adolescent HPV vaccination within a focused geographic region. This mixed-method study design used an interviewer-administered semi-structured interview with clinicians (n = 52) and a written self-administered survey with similar items completed by parents (n = 54). Items focused on experiences, opinions, and ideas about HPV vaccine utilization in the clinical setting, family, and patient perceptions about HPV vaccination and potential future efforts to increase vaccine utilization. Quantitative items were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative content was analyzed thematically. Suggested solutions for achieving higher rates of HPV vaccination noted by clinicians included public health education, the removal of stigma associated with vaccines, media endorsements, and targeting parents as the primary focus of educational messages. Parents expressed the need for more information about HPV-related disease, HPV vaccines, vaccine safety, sexual concerns, and countering misinformation on social media. Results from this mixed-method study affirm that educational campaigns targeting both health care professionals and parents represent a key facilitator for promoting HPV vaccination; disease burden and cancer prevention emerged as key themes for this messaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy A Widman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Elisa M Rodriguez
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Frances Saad-Harfouche
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Annamaria Masucci Twarozek
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Deborah O Erwin
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Martin C Mahoney
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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Tieman J, Miller-Lewis L, Rawlings D, Parker D, Sanderson C. The contribution of a MOOC to community discussions around death and dying. BMC Palliat Care 2018; 17:31. [PMID: 29458347 PMCID: PMC5819292 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-018-0287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in medicine have helped many to live longer lives and to be able to meet health challenges. However death rates are anticipated to increase given the ageing population and chronic disease progression. Being able to talk about death is seen to be important in normalising death as part of life and supporting preparedness for death. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) provide opportunities for the community to engage in collaborative learning. A 5 week MOOC was developed covering four main topics (language and humour, representations of death, medicalisation of dying, and digital dying) aiming: To enable participants to openly and supportively discuss and learn about issues around living, death and dying, To explore the normally unheard opinions and views of Australians around death and dying, and To determine what effect online learning and discussions offered through the MOOC had on participants' feelings and attitudes towards death and dying. METHODS Data was captured on engagement rates in the various MOOC activities. Death Attitudes were measured by five items representing the MOOC's learning objectives and completed at enrolment and conclusion. MOOC Satisfaction was measured with six items at the end of the MOOC. Descriptive statistics were produced for each variable and Chi-Square Tests of Independence assessed the extent of the relationship between categorical variables. Socio-demographic variables were examined as predictors of the outcome variables of MOOC engagement, MOOC satisfaction, and death attitudes. Ethical approval was received from Flinders University Social and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee (Project No. 7247). RESULTS One thousand one hundred fifty six people enrolled in the Dying2Learn MOOC with 895 participating in some way. Enrolees were primarily female (92.1%). Age ranged from 16 to 84 (mean = 49.5, SD = 12.3). MOOC satisfaction scores were high. Responses to the experience of participating in the MOOC were very positive, with mean scores ranging from 4.3 to 4.6 (aligning with agreement and strong agreement to statements on the value of participating). Death Attitudes were positive at commencement but increased significantly following participation. CONCLUSIONS The Dying2Learn MOOC provided an environment that enabled open and supportive discussion around death and dying and influenced attitudinal change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Tieman
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
| | - Lauren Miller-Lewis
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Deb Rawlings
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Deborah Parker
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Level 7, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Christine Sanderson
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
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Hillyer GC, Schmitt KM, Lizardo M, Reyes A, Bazan M, Alvarez MC, Sandoval R, Abdul K, Orjuela MA. Electronic Communication Channel Use and Health Information Source Preferences Among Latinos in Northern Manhattan. J Community Health 2018; 42:349-357. [PMID: 27655586 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-016-0261-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding key health concepts is crucial to participation in Precision Medicine initiatives. In order to assess methods to develop and disseminate a curriculum to educate community members in Northern Manhattan about Precision Medicine, clients from a local community-based organization were interviewed during 2014-2015. Health literacy, acculturation, use of Internet, email, and text messaging, and health information sources were assessed. Associations between age and outcomes were evaluated; multivariable analysis used to examine the relationship between participant characteristics and sources of health information. Of 497 interviewed, 29.4 % had inadequate health literacy and 53.6 % had access to the Internet, 43.9 % to email, and 45.3 % to text messaging. Having adequate health literacy was associated with seeking information from a healthcare professional (OR 2.59, 95 % CI 1.54-4.35) and from the Internet (OR 3.15, 95 % CI 1.97-5.04); having ≤ grade school education (OR 2.61, 95 % CI 1.32-5.17) also preferred information from their provider; persons >45 years (OR 0.29, 95 % CI 0.18-0.47) were less likely to use the Internet for health information and preferred printed media (OR 1.64, 95 % CI 1.07-2.50). Overall, electronic communication channel use was low and varied significantly by age with those ≤45 years more likely to utilize electronic channels. Preferred sources of health information also varied by age as well as by health literacy and educational level. This study demonstrates that to effectively communicate key Precision Medicine concepts, curriculum development for Latino community members of Northern Manhattan will require attention to health literacy, language preference and acculturation and incorporate more traditional communication channels for older community members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Clarke Hillyer
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Karen M Schmitt
- Community and Ambulatory Research Enrollment, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Avon Breast Cancer Imaging Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Maria Lizardo
- Manhattan Improvement Corporation, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Andria Reyes
- Community and Ambulatory Research Enrollment, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mercedes Bazan
- Community and Ambulatory Research Enrollment, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Maria C Alvarez
- Community and Ambulatory Research Enrollment, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Rossy Sandoval
- Community and Ambulatory Research Enrollment, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kazeem Abdul
- Community and Ambulatory Research Enrollment, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Manuela A Orjuela
- Community and Ambulatory Research Enrollment, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Kotlinska-Hasiec E, Makara-Studzinska M, Czajkowski M, Rzecki Z, Olszewski K, Stadnik A, Pilat J, Rybojad B, Dabrowski W. Plasma magnesium concentration in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Agric Environ Med 2017; 24:181-184. [PMID: 28664690 DOI: 10.5604/12321966.1232767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
[b]Introduction[/b]. Magnesium (Mg) plays a crucial role in cell physiology and its deficiency may cause many disorders which often require intensive treatment. The aim of this study was to analyse some factors affecting preoperative plasma Mg concentration in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). [b]Materials and method[/b]. Adult patients scheduled for elective CABG with cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) under general anaesthesia were studied. Plasma Mg concentration was analysed before surgery in accordance with age, domicile, profession, tobacco smoking and preoperative Mg supplementation. Blood samples were obtained from the radial artery just before the administration of anaesthesia. [b]Results. [/b]150 patients were studied. Mean preoperative plasma Mg concentration was 0.93 ± 0.17 mmol/L; mean concentration in patients - 1.02 ± 0.16; preoperative Mg supplementation was significantly higher than in patients without such supplementation. Moreover, intellectual workers supplemented Mg more frequently and had higher plasma Mg concentration than physical workers. Plasma Mg concentration decreases in elderly patients. Patients living in cities, on average, had the highest plasma Mg concentration. Smokers had significantly lower plasma Mg concentration than non-smokers. [b]Conclusions. [/b]1. Preoperative magnesium supplementation increases its plasma concentration. 2. Intellectual workers frequently supplement magnesium. 3. Smoking cigarettes decreases plasma magnesium concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Kotlinska-Hasiec
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Medical Universitty of Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Marek Czajkowski
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Ziemowit Rzecki
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Medical Universitty of Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Adam Stadnik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Pilat
- Department of General Surgery, Transplantology and Clinical Nutrition Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Rybojad
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Medical Universitty of Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dabrowski
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Medical Universitty of Lublin, Poland
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Kester LM, Shedd-Steele RB, Dotson-Roberts CA, Smith J, Zimet GD. The effects of a brief educational intervention on human papillomavirus knowledge and intention to initiate HPV vaccination in 18-26 year old young adults. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 132 Suppl 1:S9-12. [PMID: 24384459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations for young adult females and males to receive the three-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, most recent findings show that only 30% of the U.S. females aged 19-26, 2.8% of males aged 19-21, and only 1.7% of males aged 22-26 are initiating vaccination. This study evaluates the effects of a brief (5-10 min) group HPV educational intervention on knowledge and intent to vaccinate among young adults. METHODS A sample of 131 18-26 year old females and males was recruited from the 2012 INShape Black and Minority Health Fair in Indiana. We randomized participants into one of two groups: (1) survey completion prior to education (control group) or (2) survey completion following education (intervention group). Written surveys assessed HPV knowledge, vaccination history, and vaccination intent (for unvaccinated participants). RESULTS Respondents were primarily female (70%), single (85%), and the majority self-identified as non-Hispanic Black (77%). Thirty-seven percent had initiated HPV vaccination (≥1 dose) and 19% had completed the series. The intervention group had higher HPV knowledge scores (M=9.1; SD=1.8) than the control group (M=7.0; SD=2.9; F=22.53). Among unvaccinated individuals (n=79), the intervention group had higher HPV vaccination intent (86%) compared to the control group (67%) (OR=3.09; 95%CI=1.02-9.36). CONCLUSIONS Despite ACIP recommendations, young adults continue to have low awareness of vaccine benefits and low vaccination rates. This study suggests that educational interventions to increase HPV awareness and vaccination may help to boost vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Kester
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, 410 W. 10th Street, Suite 1001, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Gregory D Zimet
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, 410 W. 10th Street, Suite 1001, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Potash JS, Ho RTH, Chick JKY, Au Yeung FSW. Viewing and engaging in an art therapy exhibit by people living with mental illness: implications for empathy and social change. Public Health 2013; 127:735-44. [PMID: 23886343 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine how healthcare professionals, family members and community members responded to an art exhibit created by people living with mental illness. STUDY DESIGN Phenomenological study with qualitative analysis. METHODS Forty-six participants with various relationships with people living with mental illness attended an art therapy exhibit and art making workshop. Surveys, response art, reflective writing and discussion groups were used in this qualitative research study. RESULTS Responses were categorized into four cluster themes: empathic, self-oriented, other-oriented and world-oriented. CONCLUSIONS Each response category has strengths and weaknesses, indicating implications for increasing awareness and understanding of the artists and mental illness. They also inform educational interventions that can be utilized when using art exhibits for the purpose of confronting bias and stigma towards people living with mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Potash
- Centre on Behavioural Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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McKay RM, Vrbova L, Fuertes E, Chong M, David S, Dreher K, Purych D, Blondel-Hill E, Henry B, Marra F, Kendall PR, Patrick DM. Evaluation of the Do Bugs Need Drugs? program in British Columbia: Can we curb antibiotic prescribing? Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2011; 22:19-24. [PMID: 22379484 DOI: 10.1155/2011/745090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antibiotic resistance is accelerated by the overuse of antibiotics. Do Bugs Need Drugs? is an educational program adapted in British Columbia to target both the public and health care professionals, with the aim of reducing unnecessary prescribing. The current article presents a descriptive evaluation of the impact of the program over the first four years. METHOD Program implementation was measured by the amount of educational material distributed and the level of participation in educational sessions. The impact of the program was assessed by measuring changes in knowledge and prescribing habits of participating physicians, and by investigating provincial trends in antibiotic use. RESULTS A total of 51,367 children, assisted-living residents and health care professionals have participated in the program since its inception in the fall of 2005. Pre- and postcourse assessments of participating physicians indicated significant improvements in clinical knowledge and appropriate antibiotic treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. Overall rates of antibiotic use in the province have stabilized since 2006. The rates of consumption of fluoroquinolones and macrolides have levelled off since 2005. Utilization rates for acute bronchitis are at the same level as when the program was first implemented, but rates for other acute upper respiratory tract infections of interest have declined. CONCLUSIONS The Do Bugs Need Drugs? program significantly improves physician antibiotic prescription decisions and is ecologically associated with desirable change in population antibiotic consumption patterns.
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