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Hurel I, Muguruza C, Redon B, Marsicano G, Chaouloff F. Cannabis and exercise: Effects of Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on preference and motivation for wheel-running in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 105:110117. [PMID: 32971218 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent surveys have revealed close links between cannabis and exercise. Specifically, cannabis usage before and/or after exercise is an increasingly common habit primarily aimed at boosting exercise pleasure, motivation, and performance whilst facilitating post-exercise recovery. However, whether these beliefs reflect the true impact of cannabis on these aspects of exercise is unknown. This study has thus examined the effects of cannabis' main psychoactive ingredient, namely Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), on (i) mouse wheel-running preference and performance and (ii) running motivation and seeking behaviour. Wheel-running preference and performance were investigated using a T-maze with free and locked wheels located at the extremity of either arm. Running motivation and seeking were assessed by a cued-running operant task wherein wheel-running was conditioned by nose poking. Moreover, because THC targets cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors, i.e. receptors previously documented to control running motivation, this study also assessed the role of these receptors in running preference, performance, and craving-like behaviour. Whilst acute blockade or genetic deletion of CB1 receptors decreased running preference and performance in the T-maze, THC proved ineffective on either variable. The failure of THC to affect running variables in the T-maze extended to running motivation, as assessed by cued-running under a progressive ratio (PR) reinforcement schedule. This ineffectiveness of THC was not related to the treatment protocol because it successfully increased motivation for palatable food. Although craving-like behaviour, as indexed by a cue-induced reinstatement of running seeking, was found to depend on CB1 receptors, THC again proved ineffective. Neither running motivation nor running seeking were affected when CB1 receptors were further stimulated by increasing the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. These results, which suggest that the drive for running is insensitive to the acute stimulation of CB1 receptors, raise the hypothesis that cannabis is devoid of effect on exercise motivation. Future investigation using chronic administration of THC, with and without other cannabis ingredients (e.g. cannabidiol), is however required before conclusions can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Hurel
- Endocannabinoids and NeuroAdaptation, NeuroCentre INSERM U1215, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Carolina Muguruza
- Endocannabinoids and NeuroAdaptation, NeuroCentre INSERM U1215, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain
| | - Bastien Redon
- Endocannabinoids and NeuroAdaptation, NeuroCentre INSERM U1215, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- Endocannabinoids and NeuroAdaptation, NeuroCentre INSERM U1215, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Francis Chaouloff
- Endocannabinoids and NeuroAdaptation, NeuroCentre INSERM U1215, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France.
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Childs JE, Kim S, Driskill CM, Hsiu E, Kroener S. Vagus nerve stimulation during extinction learning reduces conditioned place preference and context-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking. Brain Stimul 2019; 12:1448-1455. [PMID: 31289015 PMCID: PMC10766375 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug use causes the formation of strong cue/reward associations which persist long after cessation of drug-taking and contribute to the long-term risk of relapse. Extinguishing these associations may reduce cue-induced craving and relapse. Previously, we found that pairing vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) with extinction of cocaine self-administration reduces cue-induced reinstatement; however, it remains unclear whether this was primarily caused by extinguishing the context, the instrumental response, or both. OBJECTIVE Hypothesis: We hypothesized that VNS can facilitate the extinction of both contextual cues and instrumental responding. METHODS Extinction of context was first tested using Pavlovian conditioned place preference (CPP). Next, the impact of VNS on the extinction of instrumental responding was assessed under ABA and AAA context conditions. In each extinction context separate groups of rats were either provided the opportunity to perform the instrumental response, or the levers were retracted for the duration of extinction training. Reinstatement was induced by reintroduction of the conditioned stimuli and/or the drug-paired context. Data were analyzed using one-way or two-way repeated measures ANOVAs. RESULTS VNS during extinction reduced reinstatement of CPP. VNS also reduced cue- and context-induced reinstatement of the instrumental response under both AAA and ABA conditions. The subjects' ability to engage with the lever during extinction was crucial for this effect. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. CONCLUSIONS Craving occurs in response to a range of conditioned stimuli and contexts; VNS may improve outcomes of behavioral therapy by facilitating extinction of both an instrumental response and/or contextual cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Childs
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Suhyeong Kim
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Christopher M Driskill
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Emily Hsiu
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Sven Kroener
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
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Nugent AL, Anderson EM, Larson EB, Self DW. Incubation of cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine, but not sucrose, seeking in C57BL/6J mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 159:12-7. [PMID: 28669705 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies have shown that drug-seeking behaviors increase, rather than dissipate, over weeks to months after withdrawal from drug self-administration. This phenomenon - termed incubation - suggests that drug-craving responses elicited by conditioned environmental or discrete cues may intensify over pronged abstinence. While most of this work is conducted in rats with intravenous drug self-administration models, there is less evidence for incubation in mice that have greater utility for molecular genetic analysis and perturbation. We tested whether incubation of cocaine-seeking behavior is evident in C57BL/6J mice following 3weeks (5days/week) of cocaine self-administration in 2h self-administration sessions. We compared cocaine-seeking (drug-paired lever) responses 1, 7, or 28days after withdrawal from cocaine self-administration, and over similar times following sucrose pellet self-administration. We found that the initial re-exposure to the self-administration test chambers elicited increased reward-seeking behavior in both sucrose and cocaine self-administering mice, with maximal responses found at 7days compared to 1 or 28days after self-administration with either reinforcer. However, following extinction training, reinstatement of cocaine seeking reinforced by response-contingent presentation of reward-associated cues (tone/light) was significantly higher after 28days compared to 1 or 7days following cocaine self-administration. In contrast, cue-induced reinstatement of sucrose-paired lever pressing did not increase over this time frame, demonstrating a drug-specific incubation effect not seen with a natural reward. Thus, C57BL/6J mice display incubation of cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking similar to findings with rats, but only show a transient incubation of context-induced cocaine seeking.
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Li C, Frantz KJ. Abstinence environment contributes to age differences in reinstatement of cocaine seeking between adolescent and adult male rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 158:49-56. [PMID: 28601602 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Extinction responding and cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking after 60-days of forced abstinence are attenuated in male rats that self-administered cocaine during adolescence, compared with adults. Given that environmental enrichment during abstinence decreases reinstatement among adults, a possible explanation for attenuated reinstatement among adolescents is that standard pair-housing in prior studies creates a more stimulating environment for younger rats. OBJECTIVE Therefore, we tested whether standard pair-housing is necessary for the attenuated reinstatement among adolescents by determining whether an impoverished environment during abstinence would increase reinstatement among adolescents, up to adult levels. Conversely, we also tested whether environmental enrichment could further decrease reinstatement among adolescents, and whether we could replicate effects of environmental enrichment to decrease reinstatement among adults down to adolescent levels (positive controls). METHODS Adolescent and adult male Wistar rats self-administered cocaine intravenously for 12days (fixed ratio 1; 0.36mg/kg per infusion; 2h sessions). Rats were then moved into enriched (grouped, large cages, novel toys), standard (pair-housed, shoebox cages), or impoverished (isolated, hanging cages) housing conditions. After 60days, extinction and cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking were tested, followed by drug-primed reinstatement (0, 5, 10mg/kg cocaine, i.p.). RESULTS Consistent with previous results, extinction and cue-induced reinstatement were attenuated in adolescent-onset groups compared with adults; this age difference also extended to drug-primed reinstatement. In support of the present hypothesis, an impoverished environment during abstinence increased reinstatement among adolescents to levels that were not different from adult standard-housing levels. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that abstinence environment influences the enduring effects of cocaine among adolescents as well as adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, PO Box 5030, Atlanta, GA 30302-5030, United States
| | - Kyle J Frantz
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, PO Box 5030, Atlanta, GA 30302-5030, United States.
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Acri JB, Cross AJ, Skolnick P. From bench to bedside: mGluR2 positive allosteric modulators as medications to treat substance use disorders. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1347-1355. [PMID: 27995279 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper provides an overview of the role of type 2 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2) in addiction and behaviors reflecting addictive processes. RESULTS AZD8529, an mGluR2 positive allosteric modulator (PAM), failed to separate from placebo in a phase II schizophrenia trial. The demonstration by Athina Markou's laboratory that AZD8529 attenuated both nicotine self-administration and cue-induced reinstatement was a key factor in the decision to move this compound into a smoking cessation study. CONCLUSION Here, we highlight Markou laboratory's contribution to this project, as well as several innovative features of the phase II clinical trial that has already completed enrollment with top line results expected in early 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane B Acri
- Division of Therapeutics and Medical Consequences, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 6001 Executive Blvd, Suite 4123, MSC 9551, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9551, USA.
| | - Alan J Cross
- AstraZeneca Neuroscience Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Phil Skolnick
- Division of Therapeutics and Medical Consequences, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 6001 Executive Blvd, Suite 4123, MSC 9551, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9551, USA
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Wang ZJ, Martin JA, Mueller LE, Caccamise A, Werner CT, Neve RL, Gancarz AM, Li JX, Dietz DM. BRG1 in the Nucleus Accumbens Regulates Cocaine-Seeking Behavior. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 80:652-660. [PMID: 27422367 PMCID: PMC5050080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug addiction is defined as a chronic disease characterized by compulsive drug seeking and episodes of relapse despite prolonged periods of drug abstinence. Neurobiological adaptations, including transcriptional and epigenetic alterations in the nucleus accumbens, are thought to contribute to this life-long disease state. We previously demonstrated that the transcription factor SMAD3 is increased after 7 days of withdrawal from cocaine self-administration. However, it is still unknown which additional factors participate in the process of chromatin remodeling and facilitate the binding of SMAD3 to promoter regions of target genes. Here, we examined the possible interaction of BRG1-also known as SMARCA4, an adenosine triphosphatase-containing chromatin remodeler-and SMAD3 in response to cocaine exposure. METHODS The expression of BRG1, as well as its binding to SMAD3 and target gene promoter regions, was evaluated in the nucleus accumbens and dorsal striatum of rats using western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation following abstinence from cocaine self-administration. Rats were assessed for cocaine-seeking behaviors after either intra-accumbal injections of the BRG1 inhibitor PFI3 or viral-mediated overexpression of BRG1. RESULTS After withdrawal from cocaine self-administration, BRG1 expression and complex formation with SMAD3 are increased in the nucleus accumbens, resulting in increased binding of BRG1 to the promoter regions of Ctnnb1, Mef2d, and Dbn1. Intra-accumbal infusion of PFI3 attenuated, whereas viral overexpression of Brg1 enhanced, cocaine-reinstatement behavior. CONCLUSIONS BRG1 is a key mediator of the SMAD3-dependent regulation of cellular and behavioral plasticity that mediates cocaine seeking after a period of withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Research Institute on Addictions, Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Jennifer A Martin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Research Institute on Addictions, Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Lauren E Mueller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Research Institute on Addictions, Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Aaron Caccamise
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Research Institute on Addictions, Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Craig T Werner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Research Institute on Addictions, Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Rachael L Neve
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Amy M Gancarz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Research Institute on Addictions, Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Jun-Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - David M Dietz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Research Institute on Addictions, Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Department of Psychology, California State University Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California.
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Galaj E, Manuszak M, Ranaldi R. Environmental enrichment as a potential intervention for heroin seeking. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 163:195-201. [PMID: 27125660 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heroin-related cues can trigger craving and relapse in addicts or heroin seeking in rats. In the present study we investigated whether environmental enrichment (EE) implemented after heroin exposure can reduce cue-induced reinstatement of heroin seeking and expression of heroin conditioned place preference. METHODS In Experiment 1, male Long Evans rats that already acquired a heroin self-administration habit, were housed in enriched or non-enriched environments, underwent extinction training and later were tested for cue-induced reinstatement of heroin seeking. In Experiment 2, rats were conditioned with heroin in one compartment of a CPP apparatus and saline in the other, exposed to 30days of enrichment or no enrichment and were later tested for heroin CPP. RESULTS The results showed that exposure to EE significantly reduced responding during the reinstatement test (Experiment 1) and prevented the expression of heroin CPP (Experiment 2). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that EE can be an effective behavioral approach to diminish the effects of conditioned cues on heroin seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Galaj
- CUNY, The Graduate Center, United States
| | - M Manuszak
- Queens College of the City University of New York, Department of Psychology, United States
| | - R Ranaldi
- CUNY, The Graduate Center, United States; Queens College of the City University of New York, Department of Psychology, United States.
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Brown RM, Kim AK, Khoo SYS, Kim JH, Jupp B, Lawrence AJ. Orexin-1 receptor signalling in the prelimbic cortex and ventral tegmental area regulates cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking in iP rats. Addict Biol 2016; 21:603-12. [PMID: 25899624 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Orexins (hypocretins) are hypothalamic neuropeptides that innervate the entire neuraxis, including the prelimbic cortex and ventral tegmental area and have been implicated in ethanol-seeking behaviour. The present study aimed to use the orexin-1 (OX1 ) receptor antagonist SB-334867 to examine the role of prelimbic cortex and ventral tegmental area OX1 receptors in cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking. Ethanol-preferring rats (iP) rats were trained to self-administer ethanol (10 percent v/v, FR3) or sucrose (0.2-1 percent w/v, FR3) in the presence of reward-associated cues before being implanted with indwelling guide cannulae. Rats then underwent extinction training for 11 days. On test days, rats were given a microinjection of vehicle or SB-334867 (3 μg/side) and presented with reward-associated cues to precipitate reinstatement. Results show SB-334867 infused into the prelimbic cortex attenuated cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking, but not sucrose-seeking. OX1 antagonism in the ventral tegmental area also attenuated cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol-seeking. These findings suggest that OX1 receptors located in the prelimbic cortex and ventral tegmental area are part of a circuit driving cue-mediated ethanol-seeking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Mary Brown
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; University of Melbourne; Australia
| | - Andrezza K. Kim
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; University of Melbourne; Australia
- Departamento de Psicobiologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; Brazil
| | - Shaun Yon-Seng Khoo
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; University of Melbourne; Australia
- School of Psychology; University of New South Wales; Australia
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; University of Melbourne; Australia
| | - Bianca Jupp
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; University of Melbourne; Australia
- Experimental Psychology; University of Cambridge; UK
| | - Andrew John Lawrence
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; University of Melbourne; Australia
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Nuutinen S, Mäki T, Rozov S, Bäckström P, Hyytiä P, Piepponen P, Panula P. Histamine H3 receptor antagonist decreases cue-induced alcohol reinstatement in mice. Neuropharmacology 2015; 106:156-63. [PMID: 26107118 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have earlier found that the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonism diminishes motivational aspects of alcohol reinforcement in mice. Here we studied the role of H3Rs in cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking in C57BL/6J mice using two different H3R antagonists. Systemic administration of H3R antagonists attenuated cue-induced alcohol seeking suggesting that H3R antagonists may reduce alcohol craving. To understand how alcohol affects dopamine and histamine release, a microdialysis study was performed on C57BL/6J mice and the levels of histamine, dopamine and dopamine metabolites were measured in the nucleus accumbens. Alcohol administration was combined with an H3R antagonist pretreatment to reveal whether modulation of H3R affects the effects of alcohol on neurotransmitter release. Alcohol significantly increased the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens but did not affect histamine release. Pretreatment with H3R antagonist ciproxifan did not modify the effect of alcohol on dopamine release. However, histamine release was markedly increased with ciproxifan. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that H3R antagonism attenuates cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking in mice. Alcohol alone does not affect histamine release in the nucleus accumbens but H3R antagonist instead increases histamine release significantly suggesting that the mechanism by which H3R antagonist inhibits alcohol seeking found in the present study and the decreased alcohol reinforcement, reward and consumption found earlier might include alterations in the histaminergic neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens. These findings imply that selective antagonists of H3Rs could be a therapeutic strategy to prevent relapse and possibly diminish craving to alcohol use. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Histamine Receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Nuutinen
- Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland; Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland; Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiia Mäki
- Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland; Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stanislav Rozov
- Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland; Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia Bäckström
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Hyytiä
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petteri Piepponen
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pertti Panula
- Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland; Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Guercio LA, Schmidt HD, Pierce RC. Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell attenuates cue-induced reinstatement of both cocaine and sucrose seeking in rats. Behav Brain Res 2014; 281:125-30. [PMID: 25529183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli previously associated with drug taking can become triggers that can elicit craving and lead to relapse of drug-seeking behavior. Here, we examined the influence of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the nucleus accumbens shell on cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking, an animal model of relapse. Rats were allowed to self-administer cocaine (0.254 mg, i.v.) for 2 h daily for 21 days, with each infusion of cocaine being paired with a cue light. After 21 days of self-administration, cocaine-taking behavior was extinguished by replacing cocaine with saline in the absence of the cue light. Next, during the reinstatement phase, DBS was administered bilaterally into the nucleus accumbens shell through bipolar stainless steel electrodes immediately prior to re-exposure to cues previously associated with cocaine reinforcement. DBS continued throughout the 2 h reinstatement session. Parallel studies examined the influence of accumbens shell DBS on reinstatement induced by cues previously associated with sucrose reinforcement. Results indicated that DBS of the nucleus accumbens shell significantly attenuated cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine and sucrose seeking. Together, these results indicate that DBS of the accumbens shell disrupts cue-induced reinstatement associated with both a drug and a natural reinforcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo A Guercio
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 125 S. 31st Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Heath D Schmidt
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 125 S. 31st Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - R Christopher Pierce
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 125 S. 31st Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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