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Lee JH, Seo EY, Lee YM. Comparative investigation on variations of nutritional components in whole seeds and seed coats of Korean black soybeans for different crop years and screening of their antioxidant and anti-aging properties. Food Chem X 2023; 17:100572. [PMID: 36845484 PMCID: PMC9944501 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This research was conducted to demonstrate the comparisons of nutritional constituents (isoflavone; anthocyanin; protein; fatty acid; oil) and biological properties (antioxidant, anti-aging) in whole seeds and seed coats of black soybeans for crop years. Isoflavones and anthocyanins showed considerable differences in cultivars and growth years with the ranges of 794.9-4195.3 μg/g and 2.3-14.4 mg/g, while other components exhibited slight variations. In particular, malonylgenistin and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were observed the most abundant phenolics, comprising approximately 35.5 (778.0 μg/g) and 76.7% (4.6 mg/g) of total average contents (isoflavone: 2197.8 μg/g; anthocyanin: 6.0 mg/g). Moreover, the whole seeds and seed coats displayed excellent activities in antioxidant (radical; DNA protectant), tyrosinase inhibition, and elastase inhibition. Their effects significantly occurred with dose-dependent patterns as follows: elastase (150 μg/mL) > tyrosinase (600 μg/mL) > ABTS (1500 μg/mL) > DPPH (1500 μg/mL) with higher abilities of seed coats than whole seeds. The DNA protection exhibited higher rates in seed coats with > 90% at 200 μg/mL. Natably, Socheong (isoflavone; 4182.4 μg/g) and Geomjeong 2 (anthocyanin: 10.3 mg/g) cultivars may be recommended as potential sources to the development of functional agents and new cultivars owing to their high average phenolic contents.
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Key Words
- ABTS, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)
- Acetylglycitin (PubChem CID: 53398650)
- Antioxidant
- Black soybean
- C3G, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside
- Cyanidin-3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 12303203)
- DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl
- Daidzein (PubChem CID: 5281708)
- Daidzin (PubChem CID: 107971)
- Delphinidin-3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 443650)
- Enzyme inhibition
- Genistein (PubChem CID: 5280961)
- Genistin (PubChem CID: 5281377)
- Glycitein (PubChem CID: 5317750)
- Glycitin (PubChem CID: 187808)
- HPLC
- HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography, D3G, delphinidine-3-O-glucoside
- Malonyldaidzin (PubChem CID: 9913968)
- Malonylgenistin (PubChem CID: 90658001)
- Malonylglycitin (PubChem CID: 23724657)
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- Nutritional component
- P3G, petunidin-3-O-glucoside
- Petunidin-3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 443651)
- Phenolic
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Chen Y, Zhang W, Zhao T, Li F, Zhang M, Li J, Zou Y, Wang W, Cobbina SJ, Wu X, Yang L. Adsorption properties of macroporous adsorbent resins for separation of anthocyanins from mulberry. Food Chem 2015; 194:712-22. [PMID: 26471611 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the adsorption/desorption characteristics of mulberry anthocyanins (MA) on five types of macroporous resins (XAD-7HP, AB-8, HP-20, D-101 and X-5) were evaluated, XAD-7HP and AB-8 showed higher adsorption/desorption capacities. On the basis of static adsorption test, XAD-7HP and AB-8 resins were selected for kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics. The adsorption mechanism indicated that the process was better explained by pseudo-first-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model, and the thermodynamics tests showed that the processes were exothermic, spontaneous and thermodynamically feasible. Dynamic tests were performed on a column packed with XAD-7HP and AB-8, and breakthrough volume was reached at 15 and 14 bed volumes of MA solution, respectively. The purity of the fraction by 40% ethanol elution on XAD-7HP reached 93.6%, from which cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside were identified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The method could be used to prepare high purity anthocyanins from mulberry fruits as well as other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Li
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Samuel J Cobbina
- School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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