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Huang L, Liang Y, Hou H, Tang M, Liu X, Ma YN, Liang S. Prokaryotic Expression and Affinity Purification of DDX3 Protein. Protein Pept Lett 2024; 31:PPL-EPUB-138271. [PMID: 38303525 DOI: 10.2174/0109298665285625231222075700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DDX3 is a protein with RNA helicase activity that is involved in a variety of biological processes, and it is an important protein target for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, multiple cancers and chronic inflammation. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to establish a simple and efficient method to express and purify DDX3 protein in E. coli, and the recombinant DDX3 should maintain helicase activity for further tailor-made screening and biochemical function validation. METHODS DDX3 cDNA was simultaneously cloned into pET28a-TEV and pNIC28-Bsa4 vectors and transfected into E. coli BL21 (DE3) to compare one suitable prokaryotic expression system. The 6×His-tag was fused to the C-terminus of DDX3 to form a His-tagging DDX3 fusion protein for subsequent purification. Protein dissolution buffer and purification washing conditions were optimized. The His-tagged DDX3 protein would bind with the Ni-NTA agarose by chelation and collected by affinity purification. The 6×His-tag fused with N-terminal DDX3 was eliminated from DDX3 by TEV digestion. A fine purification of DDX3 was performed by gel filtration chromatography. RESULTS The recombinant plasmid pNIC28-DDX3, which contained a 6×His-tag and one TEV cleavage site at the N terminal of DDX3 sequence, was constructed for DDX3 prokaryotic expression and affinity purification based on considering the good solubility of the recombinant His-tagging DDX3, especially under 0.5 mM IPTG incubation at 18 °C for 18 h to obtain more soluble DDX3 protein. Finally, the exogenous recombinant DDX3 protein was obtained with more than 95% purity by affinity purification on the Ni-NTA column and removal of miscellaneous through gel filtration chromatography. The finely-purified DDX3 still retained its ATPase activity. CONCLUSION A prokaryotic expression pNIC28-DDX3 system is constructed for efficient expression and affinity purification of bioactive DDX3 protein in E. coli BL21(DE3), which provides an important high-throughput screening and validation of drugs targeting DDX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Huijin Hou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xinpeng Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ni Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shufang Liang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
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Jansen J, Kroeze S, Man S, Andreini M, Bakker JW, Zamperini C, Tarditi A, Kootstra NA, Geijtenbeek TBH. Noncanonical-NF-κB activation and DDX3 inhibition reduces the HIV-1 reservoir by elimination of latently infected cells ex-vivo. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0318023. [PMID: 38051053 PMCID: PMC10783037 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03180-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE HIV-1 continues to be a major global health challenge. Current HIV-1 treatments are effective but need lifelong adherence. An HIV-1 cure should eliminate the latent viral reservoir that persists in people living with HIV-1. Different methods have been investigated that focus on reactivation and subsequent elimination of the HIV-1 reservoir, and it is becoming clear that a combination of compounds with different mechanisms of actions might be more effective. Here, we target two host factors, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins that control apoptosis and the DEAD-box helicase DDX3, facilitating HIV mRNA transport/translation. We show that targeting of these host factors with SMAC mimetics and DDX3 inhibitors induce reversal of viral latency and eliminate HIV-1-infected cells in vitro and ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Jansen
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Kroeze
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shirley Man
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matteo Andreini
- First Health Pharmaceuticals B.V, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Alessia Tarditi
- First Health Pharmaceuticals B.V, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Neeltje A. Kootstra
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Teunis B. H. Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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3
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Huo FC, Zhu ZM, Du WQ, Pan YJ, Jiang X, Kang MJ, Liu BW, Mou J, Pei DS. HPV E7-drived ALKBH5 promotes cervical cancer progression by modulating m6A modification of PAK5. Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106863. [PMID: 37480971 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a causative agent of cervical cancer (CC). N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is implicated in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the involvement of m6A modification in HPV-involved CC remains unclear. Here we showed that HPV E6/7 oncoproteins affected the global m6A modification and E7 specifically promoted the expression of ALKBH5. We found that ALKBH5 was significantly upregulated in CC and might serve as a valuable prognostic marker. Forced expression of ALKBH5 enhanced the malignant phenotypes of CC cells. Mechanistically, we discovered that E7 increased ALKBH5 expression through E2F1-mediated activation of the H3K27Ac and H3K4Me3 histone modifications, as well as post-translational modification mediated by DDX3. ALKBH5-mediated m6A demethylation enhanced the expression of PAK5. The m6A reader YTHDF2 bound to PAK5 mRNA and regulated its stability in an m6A-dependent manner. Moreover, ALKBH5 promoted tumorigenesis and metastasis of CC by regulating PAK5. Overall, our findings herein demonstrate a significant role of ALKBH5 in CC progression in HPV-positive cells. Thus, we propose that ALKBH5 may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Huo
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Man Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Qi Du
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao-Jie Pan
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Jie Kang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo-Wen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Mou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New drug and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Randolph ME, Afifi M, Gorthi A, Weil R, Wilky BA, Weinreb J, Ciero P, ter Hoeve N, van Diest PJ, Raman V, Bishop AJR, Loeb DM. RNA Helicase DDX3 Regulates RAD51 Localization and DNA Damage Repair in Ewing Sarcoma. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.10.544474. [PMID: 37333164 PMCID: PMC10274875 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.10.544474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that RNA helicase DDX3X (DDX3) can be a therapeutic target in Ewing sarcoma (EWS), but its role in EWS biology remains unclear. The present work demonstrates that DDX3 plays a unique role in DNA damage repair (DDR). We show that DDX3 interacts with several proteins involved in homologous recombination, including RAD51, RECQL1, RPA32, and XRCC2. In particular, DDX3 colocalizes with RAD51 and RNA:DNA hybrid structures in the cytoplasm of EWS cells. Inhibition of DDX3 RNA helicase activity increases cytoplasmic RNA:DNA hybrids, sequestering RAD51 in the cytoplasm, which impairs nuclear translocation of RAD51 to sites of double-stranded DNA breaks thus increasing sensitivity of EWS to radiation treatment, both in vitro and in vivo. This discovery lays the foundation for exploring new therapeutic approaches directed at manipulating DDR protein localization in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Randolph
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Marwa Afifi
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Aparna Gorthi
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute and Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Rachel Weil
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Breelyn A. Wilky
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Joshua Weinreb
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Paul Ciero
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Natalie ter Hoeve
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J. van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Venu Raman
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alexander J. R. Bishop
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute and Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - David M. Loeb
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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5
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Gao S, Han B, Xu B, Wang N, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhang M, Wang G, Guan X, Huang J, Liu M, Shi W. SAV Nsp2 regulates NF-κB signaling to induce inflammatory responses by targeting host DDX3. Dev Comp Immunol 2023; 140:104612. [PMID: 36473548 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Salmon alphavirus (SAV) infection leads to severe pancreas disease (PD) with typical inflammatory responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Nsp2, an important nonstructural protein of SAV, can activate NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce inflammatory responses. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the ML (279-421aa) of Nsp2 was revealed to be the key domain for activating NF-κB. We focused on a host protein, DEAD-box RNA helicase 3 (DDX3), that may interact with Nsp2 to regulate NF-κB-induced inflammatory. The interaction between DDX3 and Nsp2 was confirmed in vitro. Overexpression of DDX3 inhibited the activation of NF-κB by Nsp2. SAV Nsp2 relieves the inhibitory effect of DDX3 on NF-κB, thereby initiating the innate immune response. This study revealed the molecular mechanism of Nsp2-induced inflammatory response by targeting DDX3 to activate NF-κB, providing a theoretical basis for revealing the underlying infection mechanism and pathogenesis of SAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Bing Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Baoxing Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yanru Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Guanbo Wang
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Exprerimental Medicine Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Rd, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Xueting Guan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jinshan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Wen Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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6
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Kang SM, Park JY, Han HJ, Song BM, Tark D, Choi BS, Hwang SB. Hepatitis C Virus Nonstructural Protein 5A Interacts with Immunomodulatory Kinase IKKε to Negatively Regulate Innate Antiviral Immunity. Mol Cells 2022; 45:702-717. [PMID: 35993162 PMCID: PMC9589372 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can lead to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV employs diverse strategies to evade host antiviral innate immune responses to mediate a persistent infection. In the present study, we show that nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) interacts with an NF-κB inhibitor immunomodulatory kinase, IKKε, and subsequently downregulats beta interferon (IFN-β) promoter activity. We further demonstrate that NS5A inhibits DDX3-mediated IKKε and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation. We also note that hyperphosphorylation of NS5A mediats protein interplay between NS5A and IKKε, thereby contributing to NS5A-mediated modulation of IFN-β signaling. Lastly, NS5A inhibits IKKε-dependent p65 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation. Based on these findings, we propose NS5A as a novel regulator of IFN signaling events, specifically by inhibiting IKKε downstream signaling cascades through its interaction with IKKε. Taken together, these data suggest an additional mechanistic means by which HCV modulates host antiviral innate immune responses to promote persistent viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Min Kang
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea
- Division of Chronic Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Division of Chronic Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Korea
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Hee-Jeong Han
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea
| | - Byeong-Min Song
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea
| | - Dongseob Tark
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea
| | - Byeong-Sun Choi
- Division of Chronic Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Soon B. Hwang
- Laboratory of RNA Viral Diseases, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Korea
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Seoul 07247, Korea
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Abstract
The human DEAD-box protein DDX3X is an RNA remodelling enzyme that has been implicated in various aspects of RNA metabolism. In addition, like many DEAD-box proteins, it has non-conventional functions that are independent of its enzymatic activity, e.g., DDX3X acts as an adaptor molecule in innate immune signalling pathways. DDX3X has been linked to several human diseases. For example, somatic mutations in DDX3X were identified in various human cancers, and de novo germline mutations cause a neurodevelopmental condition now termed 'DDX3X syndrome'. DDX3X is also an important host factor in many different viral infections, where it can have pro-or anti-viral effects depending on the specific virus. The regulation of translation initiation for specific mRNA transcripts is likely a central cellular function of DDX3X, yet many questions regarding its exact targets and mechanisms of action remain unanswered. In this review, we explore the current knowledge about DDX3X's physiological RNA targets and summarise its interactions with the translation machinery. A role for DDX3X in translational reprogramming during cellular stress is emerging, where it may be involved in the regulation of stress granule formation and in mediating non-canonical translation initiation. Finally, we also discuss the role of DDX3X-mediated translation regulation during viral infections. Dysregulation of DDX3X's function in mRNA translation likely contributes to its involvement in disease pathophysiology. Thus, a better understanding of its exact mechanisms for regulating translation of specific mRNA targets is important, so that we can potentially develop therapeutic strategies for overcoming the negative effects of its dysregulation.
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8
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Doneti R, Pasha A, Botlagunta M, Heena SK, Mutyala VVVP, Pawar SC. Molecular docking, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 7-azaindole-derivative (7AID) as novel anti-cancer agent and potent DDX3 inhibitor:-an in silico and in vitro approach. Med Oncol 2022; 39:179. [PMID: 36048256 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The DEAD-box helicase family member DDX3 is involved in many diseases, such as viral infection, inflammation, and cancer. Many studies in the last decade have revealed the role of DDX3 in tumorigenesis and metastasis. DDX3 has both tumour suppressor and oncogenic effect, in the present study we have evaluated the expression levels of DDX3 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma at mRNA level via real-time PCR and protein level via Immunohistochemistry. DDX3 has become a molecule of interest in cancer biology that promotes drug resistance by adaptive response inevitably leading to treatment failure. One approach to avoid the development of resistant to disease is to create novel drugs that target the overexpressed proteins, we designed and synthesized a novel 7-azaindole derivative (7-AID) compound, {5-[1H-pyrrolo (2, 3-b) pyridin-5-yl] pyridin-2-ol]} that could lodge within the adenosine-binding pocket of the DDX3 (PDB ID: 2I4I). The binding efficacy of 7-AID compound with DDX3 was analysed by molecular docking studies. 7-AID was found to interact with the key residues Tyr200 and Arg202 from the Q-motif rendered by π-interactions and hydrogen bonds within the binding pocket with good docking score - 7.99 kcal/mol. The cytotoxicity effect of 7-AID compound was evaluated using MTT assay on human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) and breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA MB-231) and the compound shown effective inhibitory concentration (IC50) on Hela cells 16.96 µM/ml and 14.12 and 12.69 µM/ml on MCF-7 and MDA MB-231, respectively. Further, the in-vitro, in-vivo anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic assessment of 7-AID compound was evaluated on Hela cells using scratch wound-healing assay, DAPI staining, cell cycle analysis, immunoblotting, and chorioallontoic membrane assay. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of derivative compound on DDX3 was investigated in HeLa, MCF-7, and MDA MB-231 cells at the mRNA and protein levels. The results showed that the 7-AID compound effectively inhibited DDX3 in a dose-dependent manner, and the findings suggest that the compound could be used as a potential DDX3 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Doneti
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India
| | - Akbar Pasha
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India
| | - Mahendran Botlagunta
- School of Biosciences Engineering and Technology, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 466114, India
| | - S K Heena
- Department of Pathology, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500095, India
| | | | - Smita C Pawar
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India.
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Lahiri V, Metur SP, Hu Z, Song X, Mari M, Hawkins WD, Bhattarai J, Delorme-Axford E, Reggiori F, Tang D, Dengjel J, Klionsky DJ. Post-transcriptional regulation of ATG1 is a critical node that modulates autophagy during distinct nutrient stresses. Autophagy 2022; 18:1694-1714. [PMID: 34836487 PMCID: PMC9298455 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1997305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a highly conserved nutrient-recycling pathway that eukaryotes utilize to combat diverse stresses including nutrient depletion. Dysregulation of autophagy disrupts cellular homeostasis leading to starvation susceptibility in yeast and disease development in humans. In yeast, the robust autophagy response to starvation is controlled by the upregulation of ATG genes, via regulatory processes involving multiple levels of gene expression. Despite the identification of several regulators through genetic studies, the predominant mechanism of regulation modulating the autophagy response to subtle differences in nutrient status remains undefined. Here, we report the unexpected finding that subtle changes in nutrient availability can cause large differences in autophagy flux, governed by hitherto unknown post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms affecting the expression of the key autophagyinducing kinase Atg1 (ULK1/ULK2 in mammals). We have identified two novel post-transcriptional regulators of ATG1 expression, the kinase Rad53 and the RNA-binding protein Ded1 (DDX3 in mammals). Furthermore, we show that DDX3 regulates ULK1 expression post-transcriptionally, establishing mechanistic conservation and highlighting the power of yeast biology in uncovering regulatory mechanisms that can inform therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramjit Lahiri
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shree Padma Metur
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zehan Hu
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Xinxin Song
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Muriel Mari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wayne D. Hawkins
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Janakraj Bhattarai
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joern Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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10
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Ravinder D, Rampogu S, Dharmapuri G, Pasha A, Lee KW, Pawar SC. Inhibition of DDX3 and COX-2 by forskolin and evaluation of anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic effects on cervical cancer cells: molecular modelling and in vitro approaches. Med Oncol 2022; 39:61. [PMID: 35478276 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have reported up-regulation of both cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and DEAD-box RNA helicase3 (DDX3) and have validated their oncogenic role in many cancers. Inhibition of COX-2 and DDX3 offers a potential pharmacological strategy for prevention of cancer progression. The COX-2 isoform is expressed in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli in premalignant lesions, including cervical tissues. This study elucidates the potential role of plant derived compound Forskolin (FSK) in plummeting the expression of COX-2 and DDX3 in cervical cancer. To establish this, the cervical cancer cells were treated with the FSK compound which induced a dose dependent significant inhibition of COX-2 and DDX3 expression. The FSK treatment also significantly induced apoptosis in cancer cells by modulating the expression of apoptotic markers like caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, cleaved caspase-9, full length-poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), cleaved-poly ADP ribose polymerase (C-PARP) and Bcl2 in dose dependent manner. Further FSK significantly modulated the cell survival pathway Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt signalling pathway upon 24 h of incubation in cervical cancer cells. The molecular docking studies revealed that the FSK engaged the active sites of both the targets by interacting with key residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doneti Ravinder
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Shailima Rampogu
- Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gangappa Dharmapuri
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Akbar Pasha
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Smita C Pawar
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
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11
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Rampogu S, Lee G, Park JS, Lee KW, Kim MO. Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Discover Curcumin Analogue as a Plausible Dual Inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031771. [PMID: 35163692 PMCID: PMC8836015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the world has been witnessing a global pandemic with no effective therapeutics yet, while cancer continues to be a major disease claiming many lives. The natural compound curcumin is bestowed with multiple medicinal applications in addition to demonstrating antiviral and anticancer activities. In order to elucidate the impact of curcumin on COVID-19 and cancer, the current investigation has adapted several computational techniques to unfold its possible inhibitory activity. Accordingly, curcumin and similar compounds and analogues were retrieved and assessed for their binding affinities at the binding pocket of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and DDX3. The best binding pose was escalated to molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) studies to assess the time dependent stability. Our findings have rendered one compound that has demonstrated good molecular dock score complemented by key residue interactions and have shown stable MDS results inferred by root mean square deviation (RMSD), radius of gyration (Rg), binding mode, hydrogen bond interactions, and interaction energy. Essential dynamics results have shown that the systemadapts minimum energy conformation to attain a stable state. The discovered compound (curA) could act as plausible inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 and DDX3. Furthermore, curA could serve as a chemical scaffold for designing and developing new compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailima Rampogu
- Division of Life Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.R.); (G.L.)
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Gihwan Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.R.); (G.L.)
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.R.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.W.L.); (M.O.K.)
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.W.L.); (M.O.K.)
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12
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Abstract
RNA viruses cause many routine illnesses, such as the common cold and the flu. Recently, more deadly diseases have emerged from this family of viruses. The hepatitis C virus has had a devastating impact worldwide. Despite the cures developed in the U.S. and Europe, economically disadvantaged countries remain afflicted by HCV infection due to the high cost of these medications. More recently, COVID-19 has swept across the world, killing millions and disrupting economies and lifestyles; the virus responsible for this pandemic is a coronavirus. Our understanding of HCV and SARS CoV-2 replication is still in its infancy. Helicases play a critical role in the replication, transcription and translation of viruses. These key enzymes need extensive study not only as an essential player in the viral lifecycle, but also as targets for antiviral therapeutics. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge for RNA helicases of high importance to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Marecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Binyam Belachew
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Kevin D Raney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.
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13
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Lai MC, Chen YP, Li DA, Yu JS, Hung HY, Tarn WY. DDX3 interacts with USP9X and participates in deubiquitination of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1. FEBS J 2021; 289:1043-1061. [PMID: 34606682 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a novel interaction between the RNA helicase DDX3 and the deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9 X-linked (USP9X) in human cells. Domain mapping studies reveal that the C-terminal region of DDX3 interacted with the N terminus of USP9X. USP9X was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm where the interaction between DDX3 and USP9X occurred. USP9X was not visibly enriched in cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) under oxidative stress conditions, whereas overexpression of GFP-DDX3 induced SG formation and recruited USP9X to SGs in HeLa cells. Luciferase reporter assays showed that depletion of USP9X had no significant effect on DDX3-mediated translation. Given that DDX3 is not ubiquitinated upon ubiquitin overexpression, it is unlikely that DDX3 serves as a substrate of USP9X. Importantly, we found that ubiquitinated MCL1 was accumulated upon depletion of USP9X and/or DDX3 in MG132-treated cells, suggesting that USP9X and DDX3 play a role in regulating MCL1 protein stability and anti-apoptotic function. This study indicates that DDX3 exerts anti-apoptotic effects probably by coordinating with USP9X in promoting MCL1 deubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chih Lai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Pin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ding-An Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Hung
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Yuh Tarn
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Chen CC, Yang JH, Fu SL, Lin WJ, Lin CH. Arginine Methylation of hnRNPK Inhibits the DDX3-hnRNPK Interaction to Play an Anti-Apoptosis Role in Osteosarcoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9764. [PMID: 34575922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) is an RNA/DNA binding protein involved in diverse cell processes; it is also a p53 coregulator that initiates apoptosis under DNA damage conditions. However, the upregulation of hnRNPK is correlated with cancer transformation, progression, and migration, whereas the regulatory role of hnRNPK in cancer malignancy remains unclear. We previously showed that arginine methylation of hnRNPK attenuated the apoptosis of U2OS osteosarcoma cells under DNA damage conditions, whereas the replacement of endogenous hnRNPK with a methylation-defective mutant inversely enhanced apoptosis. The present study further revealed that an RNA helicase, DDX3, whose C-terminus preferentially binds to the unmethylated hnRNPK and could promote such apoptotic enhancement. Moreover, C-terminus-truncated DDX3 induced significantly less apoptosis than full-length DDX3. Notably, we also identified a small molecule that docks at the ATP-binding site of DDX3, promotes the DDX3-hnRNPK interaction, and induces further apoptosis. Overall, we have shown that the arginine methylation of hnRNPK suppresses the apoptosis of U2OS cells via interfering with DDX3-hnRNPK interaction. On the other hand, DDX3-hnRNPK interaction with a proapoptotic role may serve as a target for promoting apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells.
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15
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Rampogu S, Kim SM, Shaik B, Lee G, Kim JH, Kim GS, Lee KW, Kim MO. Novel Butein Derivatives Repress DDX3 Expression by Inhibiting PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cell Lines. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712824. [PMID: 34485148 PMCID: PMC8416463 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the major causes of mortalities noticed in women globally. DDX3 has emerged as a potent target for several cancers, including breast cancer to which currently there are no reported or approved drugs. Methods To find effective cancer therapeutics, three compounds were computationally designed tweaking the structure of natural compound butein. These compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer property in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines targeting DDX3. The in silico molecular docking studies have shown that the compounds have occupied the binding site of the human DDX3 target. Furthermore, to investigate the cell viability effect of 3a, 3b, and 3c on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, the cell lines were treated with different concentrations of compounds for 24 and 48 h and measured using MTT assay. Results The cell viability results showed that the have induced dose dependent suppression of DDX3 expression. Additionally, 3b and 3c have reduced the expression of DDX3 in MCF-7 and MDA-MD-231 cell lines. 3b or 3c treated cell lines increased apoptotic protein expression. Both the compounds have induced the apoptotic cell death by elevated levels of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase 3 and repression of the anti-apoptosis protein BCL-xL. Additionally, they have demonstrated the G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in both the cell lines. Additionally, 3c decreased PI3K and AKT levels. Conclusions Our results shed light on the anticancer ability of the designed compounds. These compounds can be employed as chemical spaces to design new prospective drug candidates. Additionally, our computational method can be adapted to design new chemical scaffolds as plausible inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailima Rampogu
- Division of Life Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju, South Korea.,Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK 21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Seong Min Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Baji Shaik
- Department of Chemistry (BK 21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Gihwan Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju, South Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry (BK 21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju, South Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK 21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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16
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Zhang L, Li X. DEAD-Box RNA Helicases in Cell Cycle Control and Clinical Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:1540. [PMID: 34207140 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle is regulated through numerous signaling pathways that determine whether cells will proliferate, remain quiescent, arrest, or undergo apoptosis. Abnormal cell cycle regulation has been linked to many diseases. Thus, there is an urgent need to understand the diverse molecular mechanisms of how the cell cycle is controlled. RNA helicases constitute a large family of proteins with functions in all aspects of RNA metabolism, including unwinding or annealing of RNA molecules to regulate pre-mRNA, rRNA and miRNA processing, clamping protein complexes on RNA, or remodeling ribonucleoprotein complexes, to regulate gene expression. RNA helicases also regulate the activity of specific proteins through direct interaction. Abnormal expression of RNA helicases has been associated with different diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, aging, and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) via regulation of a diverse range of cellular processes such as cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Recent studies showed that RNA helicases participate in the regulation of the cell cycle progression at each cell cycle phase, including G1-S transition, S phase, G2-M transition, mitosis, and cytokinesis. In this review, we discuss the essential roles and mechanisms of RNA helicases in the regulation of the cell cycle at different phases. For that, RNA helicases provide a rich source of targets for the development of therapeutic or prophylactic drugs. We also discuss the different targeting strategies against RNA helicases, the different types of compounds explored, the proposed inhibitory mechanisms of the compounds on specific RNA helicases, and the therapeutic potential of these compounds in the treatment of various disorders.
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17
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Hernández-Díaz T, Valiente-Echeverría F, Soto-Rifo R. RNA Helicase DDX3: A Double-Edged Sword for Viral Replication and Immune Signaling. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1206. [PMID: 34204859 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DDX3 is a cellular ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in different aspects of RNA metabolism ranging from transcription to translation and therefore, DDX3 participates in the regulation of key cellular processes including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, cancer and the antiviral immune response leading to type-I interferon production. DDX3 has also been described as an essential cellular factor for the replication of different viruses, including important human threats such HIV-1 or HCV, and different small molecules targeting DDX3 activity have been developed. Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that DDX3 can be considered not only a promising but also a viable target for anticancer and antiviral treatments. In this review, we summarize distinct functional aspects of DDX3 focusing on its participation as a double-edged sword in the host immune response and in the replication cycle of different viruses.
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18
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He X, Li T, Qin K, Luo S, Li Z, Ji Q, Song H, He H, Tang H, Han C, Li H, Luo Y. Demalonylation of DDX3 by Sirtuin 5 promotes antiviral innate immune responses. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:7235-7246. [PMID: 34158847 PMCID: PMC8210596 DOI: 10.7150/thno.52934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Hosts defend against viral infection by sensing viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activating antiviral innate immunity through TBK1-IRF3 signaling. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Methods: SiRNAs targeting Sirt1-7 were transfected into macrophages to screen the antiviral function. Sirt5 deficient mice or macrophages were subjected to viral infection to assess in vivo and in vitro function of Sirt5 by detecting cytokines, viral replicates and survival rate. Immunoprecipitation, WesternBlot and luciferase reporter assay were used to reveal molecular mechanism. Results: In this study, we functionally screened seven Sirtuin family members, and found that Sirtuin5 (Sirt5) promotes antiviral signaling and responses. Sirt5 deficiency leads to attenuated antiviral innate immunity in vivo and in vitro upon viral infection by decreasing TBK1-IRF3 activation and type I IFN production. Sirt5 overexpression increased antiviral innate immunity. Mechanism investigation revealed that Sirt5 interacts with DDX3 and demalonylates DDX3, which is critical for TBK1-IRF3 activation. Mutation of the demalonylation lysine sites (K66, K130, and K162) of DDX3 increased ifnβ transcription. Furthermore, the acetylation on lysine 118 of DDX3 positively regulated ifnβ transcription, whereas Sirt5 could not deacetylate this site. Conclusion: Sirt5 promotes anti- RNA and DNA virus innate immune responses by increasing TBK1 signaling through demalonylating DDX3, which identifies a novel regulatory pathway of antiviral innate immune response.
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19
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van der Pol CC, Moelans CB, Manson QF, Batenburg MCT, van der Wall E, Borel Rinkes I, Verkooijen L, Raman V, van Diest PJ. Cytoplasmic DDX3 as prognosticator in male breast cancer. Virchows Arch 2021; 479:647-655. [PMID: 33974127 PMCID: PMC8516781 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease. Due to its rarity, treatment is still directed by data mainly extrapolated from female breast cancer (FBC) treatment, despite the fact that it has recently become clear that MBC has its own molecular characteristics. DDX3 is a RNA helicase with tumor suppressor and oncogenic potential that was described as a prognosticator in FBC and can be targeted by small molecule inhibitors of DDX3. The aim of this study was to evaluate if DDX3 is a useful prognosticator for MBC patients. Nuclear as well as cytoplasmic DDX3 expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in a Dutch retrospective cohort of 106 MBC patients. Differences in 10-year survival by DDX3 expression were analyzed using log-rank test. The association between clinicopathologic variables, DDX3 expression, and survival was tested in uni- and multivariate Cox-regression analysis. High cytoplasmic DDX3 was associated with high androgen receptor (AR) expression while low nuclear DDX3 was associated with negative lymph node status. Nuclear and cytoplasmic DDX3 were not associated with each other. In a univariate analysis, high cytoplasmic DDX3 (p = 0.045) was significantly associated with better 10-year overall survival. In multivariate analyses, cytoplasmic DDX3 had independent prognostic value (p = 0.017). In conclusion, cytoplasmic DDX3 expression seems to be a useful prognosticator in MBC, as high cytoplasmic DDX3 indicated better 10-year survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C van der Pol
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Alrijne Hospital Leiderdorp, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | - Cathy B Moelans
- Departments of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Quirine F Manson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Alrijne Hospital Leiderdorp, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | - Marilot C T Batenburg
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elsken van der Wall
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inne Borel Rinkes
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lenny Verkooijen
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Venu Raman
- Departments of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Departments of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Chen M, Asanuma M, Takahashi M, Shichino Y, Mito M, Fujiwara K, Saito H, Floor SN, Ingolia NT, Sodeoka M, Dodo K, Ito T, Iwasaki S. Dual targeting of DDX3 and eIF4A by the translation inhibitor rocaglamide A. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:475-486.e8. [PMID: 33296667 PMCID: PMC8052261 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The translation inhibitor rocaglamide A (RocA) has shown promising antitumor activity because it uniquely clamps eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4A onto polypurine RNA for selective translational repression. As eIF4A has been speculated to be a unique target of RocA, alternative targets have not been investigated. Here, we reveal that DDX3 is another molecular target of RocA. Proximity-specific fluorescence labeling of an O-nitrobenzoxadiazole-conjugated derivative revealed that RocA binds to DDX3. RocA clamps the DDX3 protein onto polypurine RNA in an ATP-independent manner. Analysis of a de novo-assembled transcriptome from the plant Aglaia, a natural source of RocA, uncovered the amino acid critical for RocA binding. Moreover, ribosome profiling showed that because of the dominant-negative effect of RocA, high expression of eIF4A and DDX3 strengthens translational repression in cancer cells. This study indicates that sequence-selective clamping of DDX3 and eIF4A, and subsequent dominant-negative translational repression by RocA determine its tumor toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan; RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Miwako Asanuma
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mari Takahashi
- Laboratory for Translation Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shichino
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mari Mito
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Koichi Fujiwara
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hironori Saito
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan; RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Stephen N Floor
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nicholas T Ingolia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Japan
| | - Kosuke Dodo
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Ito
- Laboratory for Translation Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Japan
| | - Shintaro Iwasaki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan; RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Japan.
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21
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Wang J, Li T, Deng S, Ma E, Zhang J, Xing S. The RNA helicase DDX3 is required for ovarian development and oocyte maturation in Locusta migratoria. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2021; 106:e21775. [PMID: 33644918 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
DDX3 represents a well-defined subfamily of DEAD-box RNA helicase and exerts multiple functions in RNA metabolism, cell cycle, tumorigenesis, signal pathway, and fertility. Our previous study has shown that LmDDX3, the ortholog of DDX3 in Locusta migratoria, is ubiquitously expressed, and with a high abundance in testis and ovary. Knockdown of LmDDX3 results in a lethal phenotype in nymph, but it still remains unclear for its role in reproductive process. In this study, we therefore characterized LmDDX3 expression in female adult locust and analyzed its function in oocyte development. LmDDX3 was expressed in all tissues examined with significant more transcripts in ovary and hindgut. In ovary, a strong expression level was detected at the day just after adult eclosion, and a dramatic reduction then occurred during the oocyte development. LmDDX3 RNAi led to a reduced vitellogenin (Vg) expression in fat body via partially at least, the JH signaling pathway, and caused an upregulation of vitellogenin receptor (VgR) in ovary, and thus blocked the ovarian development and oocyte maturation. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that LmDDX3 was closely related to termite DDX3. Taken together, these data reveal a critical role for LmDDX3 in regulating the transcription of Vg and VgR, two major factors in vitellogenesis that is a key process required for ovary development and oocyte maturation in locust, and contribute thereof a new putative target for locust biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiu Wang
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Sufang Deng
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Enbo Ma
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuping Xing
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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22
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Perfetto M, Xu X, Lu C, Shi Y, Yousaf N, Li J, Yien YY, Wei S. The RNA helicase DDX3 induces neural crest by promoting AKT activity. Development 2021; 148:dev.184341. [PMID: 33318149 DOI: 10.1242/dev.184341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the RNA helicase DDX3 have emerged as a frequent cause of intellectual disability in humans. Because many individuals carrying DDX3 mutations have additional defects in craniofacial structures and other tissues containing neural crest (NC)-derived cells, we hypothesized that DDX3 is also important for NC development. Using Xenopus tropicalis as a model, we show that DDX3 is required for normal NC induction and craniofacial morphogenesis by regulating AKT kinase activity. Depletion of DDX3 decreases AKT activity and AKT-dependent inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3β, leading to reduced levels of β-catenin and Snai1: two GSK3β substrates that are crucial for NC induction. DDX3 function in regulating these downstream signaling events during NC induction is likely mediated by RAC1, a small GTPase whose translation depends on the RNA helicase activity of DDX3. These results suggest an evolutionarily conserved role of DDX3 in NC development by promoting AKT activity, and provide a potential mechanism for the NC-related birth defects displayed by individuals harboring mutations in DDX3 and its downstream effectors in this signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Perfetto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.,Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Xiaolu Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Congyu Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Natasha Yousaf
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Jiejing Li
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of KMUST, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yvette Y Yien
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Shuo Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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23
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Abstract
RNA helicases are proteins found in all kingdoms of life, and they are associated with all processes involving RNA from transcription to decay. They use NTP binding and hydrolysis to unwind duplexes, to remodel RNA structures and protein-RNA complexes, and to facilitate the unidirectional metabolism of biological processes. Viral, bacterial, and eukaryotic parasites have an intimate need for RNA helicases in their reproduction. Moreover, various disorders, like cancers, are often associated with a perturbation of the host's helicase activity. Thus, RNA helicases provide a rich source of targets for the development of therapeutic or prophylactic drugs. In this review, we provide an overview of the different targeting strategies against helicases, the different types of compounds explored, the proposed inhibitory mechanisms of the compounds on the proteins, and the therapeutic potential of these compounds in the treatment of various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosser Zina Abdelkrim
- Expression Génétique Microbienne, UMR8261 CNRS, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology (LR16IPT04), Institut Pasteur de Tunis/Université de Tunis el Manar, Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia
| | - Josette Banroques
- Expression Génétique Microbienne, UMR8261 CNRS, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - N Kyle Tanner
- Expression Génétique Microbienne, UMR8261 CNRS, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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24
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Winnard PT, Vesuna F, Raman V. Targeting host DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3X for treating viral infections. Antiviral Res 2020; 185:104994. [PMID: 33301755 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
DDX3X or DDX3, a member of the DEAD (asp, glu, ala, asp) box RNA helicase family of proteins, is a multifunctional protein, which is usurped by several viruses and is vital to their production. To date, 18 species of virus from 12 genera have been demonstrated to be dependent on DDX3 for virulence. In addition, DDX3 has been shown to function within 7 of 10 subcellular regions that are involved in the metabolism of viruses. As such, due to its direct interaction with viral components across most or all stages of viral life cycles, DDX3 can be considered an excellent host target for pan-antiviral drug therapy and has been reported to be a possible broad-spectrum antiviral target. Along these lines, it has been demonstrated that treatment of virally infected cells with small molecule inhibitors of DDX3 blunts virion productions. On the other hand, DDX3 bolsters an innate immune response and viruses have evolved capacities to sequester or block DDX3, which dampens an innate immune response. Thus, enhancing DDX3 production or co-targeting direct viral products that interfere with DDX3's modulation of innate immunity would also diminish virion production. Here we review the evidence that supports the hypothesis that modulating DDX3's agonistic and antagonistic functions during viral infections could have an important impact on safely and efficiently subduing a broad-spectrum of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Winnard
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, USA
| | - Farhad Vesuna
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, USA
| | - Venu Raman
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, USA; Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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25
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Yang P, Li J, Peng C, Tan Y, Chen R, Peng W, Gu Q, Zhou J, Wang L, Tang J, Feng Y, Sun Y. TCONS_00012883 promotes proliferation and metastasis via DDX3/YY1/MMP1/PI3K-AKT axis in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e211. [PMID: 33135346 PMCID: PMC7568852 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in multiple cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms underlying most lncRNAs in CRC remain largely unknown. Methods A novel lncRNA (TCONS_00012883) was identified using RNA sequencing. The level of TCONS_00012883 expression in CRC was analyzed by qRT‐PCR. The biological functions of TCONS_00012883 in CRC were investigated by a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments: CCK8, colony formation, EdU, flow cytometric assays, transwell assays, and mouse xenograft. The molecular mechanisms of TCONS_00012883 were demonstrated by RNA pulldown, mass spectrometry analysis, RIP, coimmunoprecipitation, RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and rescue experiments. Results Elevated expression of TCONS_00012883 was confirmed in CRC and positively associated with a poor prognosis. Functionally, gain‐ and loss‐of‐function assays indicated that TCONS_00012883 promoted proliferation and metastasis of CRC cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, RNA pulldown and mass spectrometry analysis showed that DEAD‐box helicase 3 (DDX3) was the protein partner of TCONS_00012883. Furthermore, RNA sequencing assay revealed that matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1) was the downstream of TCONS_00012883. Intriguingly, we found that transcription factor (YY1) could serve as a bridge between TCONS_00012883, DDX3, and MMP1. Conclusions TCONS_00012883 significantly promoted CRC progression via the DDX3/YY1/MMP1 axis, and thus, may act as a major role in diagnosis and therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaofan Peng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqian Tan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ranran Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiou Gu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junwei Tang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Feng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueming Sun
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Cui BC, Sikirzhytski V, Aksenova M, Lucius MD, Levon GH, Mack ZT, Pollack C, Odhiambo D, Broude E, Lizarraga SB, Wyatt MD, Shtutman M. Pharmacological inhibition of DEAD-Box RNA Helicase 3 attenuates stress granule assembly. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114280. [PMID: 33049245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are non-membranous cytosolic protein-RNA aggregates that process mRNAs through stalled translation initiation in response to cellular stressors and in disease. DEAD-Box RNA helicase 3 (DDX3) is an active target of drug development for the treatment of viral infections, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. DDX3 plays a critical role in RNA metabolism, including SGs, but the role of DDX3 enzymatic activity in SG dynamics is not well understood. Here, we address this question by determining the effects of DDX3 inhibition on the dynamics of SG assembly and disassembly. We use two small molecule inhibitors of DDX3, RK33 and 16D, with distinct inhibitory mechanisms that target DDX3's ATPase activity and RNA helicase site, respectively. We find that both DDX3 inhibitors reduce the assembly of SGs, with a more pronounced reduction from RK-33. In contrast, both compounds only marginally affect the disassembly of SGs. RNA-mediated knockdown of DDX3 caused a similar reduction in SG assembly and minimal effect on SG disassembly. Collectively, these results reveal that the enzymatic activity of DDX3 is required for the assembly of SGs and pharmacological inhibition of DDX3 could be relevant for the treatment of SG-dependent pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Celia Cui
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Vitali Sikirzhytski
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Marina Aksenova
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Matthew D Lucius
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Gabrielle H Levon
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Zachary T Mack
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Charlotte Pollack
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Diana Odhiambo
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Eugenia Broude
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Sofia B Lizarraga
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Michael D Wyatt
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Michael Shtutman
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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27
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Weiße J, Rosemann J, Krauspe V, Kappler M, Eckert AW, Haemmerle M, Gutschner T. RNA-Binding Proteins as Regulators of Migration, Invasion and Metastasis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6835. [PMID: 32957697 PMCID: PMC7555251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly 7.5% of all human protein-coding genes have been assigned to the class of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and over the past decade, RBPs have been increasingly recognized as important regulators of molecular and cellular homeostasis. RBPs regulate the post-transcriptional processing of their target RNAs, i.e., alternative splicing, polyadenylation, stability and turnover, localization, or translation as well as editing and chemical modification, thereby tuning gene expression programs of diverse cellular processes such as cell survival and malignant spread. Importantly, metastases are the major cause of cancer-associated deaths in general, and particularly in oral cancers, which account for 2% of the global cancer mortality. However, the roles and architecture of RBPs and RBP-controlled expression networks during the diverse steps of the metastatic cascade are only incompletely understood. In this review, we will offer a brief overview about RBPs and their general contribution to post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Subsequently, we will highlight selected examples of RBPs that have been shown to play a role in oral cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Last but not least, we will present targeting strategies that have been developed to interfere with the function of some of these RBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Weiße
- Junior Research Group ‘RNA Biology and Pathogenesis’, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany; (J.W.); (J.R.); (V.K.)
| | - Julia Rosemann
- Junior Research Group ‘RNA Biology and Pathogenesis’, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany; (J.W.); (J.R.); (V.K.)
| | - Vanessa Krauspe
- Junior Research Group ‘RNA Biology and Pathogenesis’, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany; (J.W.); (J.R.); (V.K.)
| | - Matthias Kappler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Alexander W. Eckert
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Monika Haemmerle
- Institute of Pathology, Section for Experimental Pathology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany;
| | - Tony Gutschner
- Junior Research Group ‘RNA Biology and Pathogenesis’, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany; (J.W.); (J.R.); (V.K.)
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28
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Rampogu S, Kim SM, Son M, Baek A, Park C, Lee G, Kim Y, Kim GS, Kim JH, Lee KW. A Computational Approach with Biological Evaluation: Combinatorial Treatment of Curcumin and Exemestane Synergistically Regulates DDX3 Expression in Cancer Cell Lines. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E857. [PMID: 32512851 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DDX3 belongs to RNA helicase family that demonstrates oncogenic properties and has gained wider attention due to its role in cancer progression, proliferation and transformation. Mounting reports have evidenced the role of DDX3 in cancers making it a promising target to abrogate DDX3 triggered cancers. Dual pharmacophore models were generated and were subsequently validated. They were used as 3D queries to screen the InterBioScreen database, resulting in the selection of curcumin that was escalated to molecular dynamics simulation studies. In vitro anti-cancer analysis was conducted on three cell lines such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and HeLa, which were evaluated along with exemestane. Curcumin was docked into the active site of the protein target (PDB code 2I4I) to estimate the binding affinity. The compound has interacted with two key residues and has displayed stable molecular dynamics simulation results. In vitro analysis has demonstrated that both the candidate compounds have reduced the expression of DDX3 in three cell lines. However, upon combinatorial treatment of curcumin (10 and 20 μM) and exemestane (50 μM) a synergism was exhibited, strikingly downregulating the DDX3 expression and has enhanced apoptosis in three cell lines. The obtained results illuminate the use of curcumin as an alternative DDX3 inhibitor and can serve as a chemical scaffold to design new small molecules.
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29
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Aksenova M, Sybrandt J, Cui B, Sikirzhytski V, Ji H, Odhiambo D, Lucius MD, Turner JR, Broude E, Peña E, Lizarraga S, Zhu J, Safro I, Wyatt MD, Shtutman M. Inhibition of the Dead Box RNA Helicase 3 Prevents HIV-1 Tat and Cocaine-Induced Neurotoxicity by Targeting Microglia Activation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 15:209-223. [PMID: 31802418 PMCID: PMC8048136 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1 Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) is a common and clinically detrimental complication of HIV infection. Viral proteins, including Tat, released from infected cells, cause neuronal toxicity. Substance abuse in HIV-infected patients greatly influences the severity of neuronal damage. To repurpose small molecule inhibitors for anti-HAND therapy, we employed MOLIERE, an AI-based literature mining system that we developed. All human genes were analyzed and prioritized by MOLIERE to find previously unknown targets connected to HAND. From the identified high priority genes, we narrowed the list to those with known small molecule ligands developed for other applications and lacking systemic toxicity in animal models. To validate the AI-based process, the selective small molecule inhibitor of DDX3 helicase activity, RK-33, was chosen and tested for neuroprotective activity. The compound, previously developed for cancer treatment, was tested for the prevention of combined neurotoxicity of HIV Tat and cocaine. Rodent cortical cultures were treated with 6 or 60 ng/ml of HIV Tat and 10 or 25 μM of cocaine, which caused substantial toxicity. RK-33 at doses as low as 1 μM greatly reduced the neurotoxicity of Tat and cocaine. Transcriptome analysis showed that most Tat-activated transcripts are microglia-specific genes and that RK-33 blocks their activation. Treatment with RK-33 inhibits the Tat and cocaine-dependent increase in the number and size of microglia and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-2, IL-1α and IL-1β. These findings reveal that inhibition of DDX3 may have the potential to treat not only HAND but other neurodegenerative diseases. Graphical Abstract RK-33, selective inhibitor of Dead Box RNA helicase 3 (DDX3) protects neurons from combined Tat and cocaine neurotoxicity by inhibition of microglia activation and production of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Aksenova
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Justin Sybrandt
- School of Computing, Clemson University, 228 McAdams Hall, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Biyun Cui
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Vitali Sikirzhytski
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Hao Ji
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Diana Odhiambo
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Matthew D Lucius
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Jill R Turner
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- School of Computing, Clemson University, 228 McAdams Hall, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Eugenia Broude
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Edsel Peña
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Sofia Lizarraga
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Ilya Safro
- School of Computing, Clemson University, 228 McAdams Hall, Clemson, SC, USA.
| | - Michael D Wyatt
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Michael Shtutman
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter st, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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30
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Stunnenberg M, Sprokholt JK, van Hamme JL, Kaptein TM, Zijlstra-Willems EM, Gringhuis SI, Geijtenbeek TBH. Synthetic Abortive HIV-1 RNAs Induce Potent Antiviral Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:8. [PMID: 32038656 PMCID: PMC6990453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong innate and adaptive immune responses are paramount in combating viral infections. Dendritic cells (DCs) detect viral infections via cytosolic RIG-I like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I and MDA5 leading to MAVS-induced immunity. The DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3 senses abortive human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) transcripts and induces MAVS-dependent type I interferon (IFN) responses, suggesting that abortive HIV-1 RNA transcripts induce antiviral immunity. Little is known about the induction of antiviral immunity by DDX3-ligand abortive HIV-1 RNA. Here we synthesized a 58 nucleotide-long capped RNA (HIV-1 Cap-RNA58) that mimics abortive HIV-1 RNA transcripts. HIV-1 Cap-RNA58 induced potent type I IFN responses in monocyte-derived DCs, monocytes, macrophages and primary CD1c+ DCs. Compared with RLR agonist poly-I:C, HIV-1 Cap-RNA58 induced comparable levels of type I IFN responses, identifying HIV-1 Cap-RNA58 as a potent trigger of antiviral immunity. In monocyte-derived DCs, HIV-1 Cap-RNA58 activated the transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB. Moreover, HIV-1 Cap-RNA58 induced DC maturation and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. HIV-1 Cap-RNA58-stimulated DCs induced proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and differentiated naïve T helper (TH) cells toward a TH2 phenotype. Importantly, treatment of DCs with HIV-1 Cap-RNA58 resulted in an efficient antiviral innate immune response that reduced ongoing HIV-1 replication in DCs. Our data strongly suggest that HIV-1 Cap-RNA58 induces potent innate and adaptive immune responses, making it an interesting addition in vaccine design strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Stunnenberg
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joris K Sprokholt
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - John L van Hamme
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tanja M Kaptein
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther M Zijlstra-Willems
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sonja I Gringhuis
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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31
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de Bisschop G, Ameur M, Ulryck N, Benattia F, Ponchon L, Sargueil B, Chamond N. HIV-1 gRNA, a biological substrate, uncovers the potency of DDX3X biochemical activity. Biochimie 2019; 164:83-94. [PMID: 30910425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
DEAD-box helicases play central roles in the metabolism of many RNAs and ribonucleoproteins by assisting their synthesis, folding, function and even their degradation or disassembly. They have been implicated in various phenomena, and it is often difficult to rationalize their molecular roles from in vivo studies. Once purified in vitro, most of them only exhibit a marginal activity and poor specificity. The current model is that they gain specificity and activity through interaction of their intrinsically disordered domains with specific RNA or proteins. DDX3 is a DEAD-box cellular helicase that has been involved in several steps of the HIV viral cycle, including transcription, RNA export to the cytoplasm and translation. In this study, we investigated DDX3 biochemical properties in the context of a biological substrate. DDX3 was overexpressed, purified and its enzymatic activities as well as its RNA binding properties were characterized using both model substrates and a biological substrate, HIV-1 gRNA. Biochemical characterization of DDX3 in the context of a biological substrate identifies HIV-1 gRNA as a rare example of specific substrate and unravels the extent of DDX3 ATPase activity. Analysis of DDX3 binding capacity indicates an unexpected dissociation between its binding capacity and its biochemical activity. We further demonstrate that interaction of DDX3 with HIV-1 gRNA relies both on specific RNA determinants and on the disordered N- and C-terminal regions of the protein. These findings shed a new light regarding the potentiality of DDX3 biochemical activity supporting its multiple cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mélissa Ameur
- CiTCOM, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8038, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Ulryck
- CiTCOM, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8038, Paris, France
| | - Fatima Benattia
- CiTCOM, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8038, Paris, France
| | - Luc Ponchon
- CiTCOM, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8038, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Sargueil
- CiTCOM, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8038, Paris, France.
| | - Nathalie Chamond
- CiTCOM, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8038, Paris, France.
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32
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Guan H, Zhu T, Wu S, Liu S, Liu B, Wu J, Cai J, Zhu X, Zhang X, Zeng M, Li J, Song E, Li M. Long noncoding RNA LINC00673-v4 promotes aggressiveness of lung adenocarcinoma via activating WNT/β-catenin signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:14019-28. [PMID: 31235588 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900997116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study uncovers a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-mediated mechanism underlying lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) metastasis. We here report that lncRNA LINC00673-v4 expression is up-regulated in LAD and is associated with disease progression. At the molecular level, LINC00673-v4 acts as a scaffold molecule that promotes the interaction between DDX3 and CK1ε and thus the phosphorylation of dishevelled, which subsequently activates WNT/β-catenin signaling and consequently causes aggressiveness of LAD. Treatment with antisense oligonucleotides against LINC00673-v4 strongly suppresses LAD metastasis in vivo. It is well recognized that metastasis can occur early in the course of lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) development, and yet the molecular mechanisms driving this capability of rapid metastasis remain incompletely understood. Here we reported that a long noncoding RNA, LINC00673, was up-regulated in LAD cells. Of note, we first found that LINC00673-v4 was the most abundant transcript of LINC00673 in LAD cells and its expression was associated with adverse clinical outcome of LAD. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that LINC00673-v4 enhanced invasiveness, migration, and metastasis of LAD cells. Mechanistically, LINC00673-v4 augmented the interaction between DDX3 and CK1ε and thus the phosphorylation of dishevelled, which subsequently activated WNT/β-catenin signaling and consequently caused aggressiveness of LAD. Antagonizing LINC00673-v4 suppressed LAD metastasis in vivo. Together, our data suggest that LINC00673-v4 is a driver molecule for metastasis via constitutively activating WNT/β-catenin signaling in LAD and may represent a potential therapeutic target against the metastasis of LAD.
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33
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Park ES, Byun YH, Park S, Jang YH, Han WR, Won J, Cho KC, Kim DH, Lee AR, Shin GC, Park YK, Kang HS, Sim H, Ha YN, Jae B, Son A, Kim P, Yu J, Lee HM, Kwon SB, Kim KP, Lee SH, Park YM, Seong BL, Kim KH. Co-degradation of interferon signaling factor DDX3 by PB1-F2 as a basis for high virulence of 1918 pandemic influenza. EMBO J 2019; 38:embj.201899475. [PMID: 30979777 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional influenza virus protein PB1-F2 plays several roles in deregulation of host innate immune responses and is a known immunopathology enhancer of the 1918 influenza pandemic. Here, we show that the 1918 PB1-F2 protein not only interferes with the mitochondria-dependent pathway of type I interferon (IFN) signaling, but also acquired a novel IFN antagonist function by targeting the DEAD-box helicase DDX3, a key downstream mediator in antiviral interferon signaling, toward proteasome-dependent degradation. Interactome analysis revealed that 1918 PB1-F2, but not PR8 PB1-F2, binds to DDX3 and causes its co-degradation. Consistent with intrinsic protein instability as basis for this gain-of-function, internal structural disorder is associated with the unique cytotoxic sequences of the 1918 PB1-F2 protein. Infusing mice with recombinant DDX3 protein completely rescued them from lethal infection with the 1918 PB1-F2-producing virus. Alongside NS1 protein, 1918 PB1-F2 therefore constitutes a potent IFN antagonist causative for the severe pathogenicity of the 1918 influenza strain. Our identification of molecular determinants of pathogenesis should be useful for the future design of new antiviral strategies against influenza pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sook Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,KU Open Innovation Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ho Byun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soree Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yo Han Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Ry Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhee Won
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Cho Cho
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Doo Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ah Ram Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gu-Choul Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Kwang Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Seok Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heewoo Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yea Na Ha
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeongjune Jae
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahyun Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Paul Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Min Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Bin Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong-Min Park
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Baik L Seong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea .,Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea .,KU Open Innovation Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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34
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Abstract
DDX3 is an RNA helicase that has antiapoptotic properties, and promotes proliferation and transformation. Besides the role of DDX3 in transformed cells, there is evidence to indicate that DDX3 expression is at its highest levels during early embryonic development and is also expressed in germ cells of adults. Even though there is a distinct pattern of DDX3 expression during embryonic development and in adults, very little is known regarding its role in embryonic stem cells and pluripotency. In this work, we examined the relationship between DDX3 and human embryonic stem cells and its differentiated lineages. DDX3 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in human embryonic stem cells and embryonal carcinoma cells. From the data obtained, it was evident that DDX3 was overexpressed in undifferentiated stem cells compared to differentiated cells. Moreover, when DDX3 expression was abrogated in multiple stem cells, proliferation was decreased, but differentiation was facilitated. Importantly, this resulted in reduced potency to induce teratoma formation. Taken together, these findings indicate a distinct role for DDX3 in stem cell maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace L Kerr
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guus M Bol
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Farhad Vesuna
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Venu Raman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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35
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Yu H, Liu Y, Niu C, Cheng Y. Diosgenin increased DDX3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:3590-3599. [PMID: 30662610 PMCID: PMC6291714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer, one of the most common malignant tumors occurred worldwide, has emerged as a main health trouble and accounts for leading cancer-related death. Diosgenin is provided as an important material in the pharmaceutical industry, and is used to manage various medical troubles such as cancer because of its multiple bioactivities. DEAD box polypeptide 3 (DDX3) is involved in cancer biogenesis and modulates cancer progression. However, the role of DDX3 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of diosgenin on HCC cells and whether DDX3 is involved in its antitumor activity. We observed that diosgenin dramatically inhibited cell proliferation, triggered apoptotic cell death, induced G2/M phase arrest, suppressed cell migration and invasion abilities. Moreover, the expression of DDX3 was measured and the results showed that DDX3 was significantly up-regulated upon diosgenin exposure. All together, our data indicated that diosgenin shows a cytotoxic effect on HCC cells and has potential therapeutic values for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu
- Department of Liver Disease, Yantai Infectious Diseases HospitalYantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanni Liu
- Department of Liver Disease, Yantai Infectious Diseases HospitalYantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanzhen Niu
- Department of Liver Disease, Yantai Infectious Diseases HospitalYantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated with Qingdao UniversityYantai, Shandong, China
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36
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Aditi, Mason AC, Sharma M, Dawson TR, Wente SR. MAPK- and glycogen synthase kinase 3-mediated phosphorylation regulates the DEAD-box protein modulator Gle1 for control of stress granule dynamics. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:559-575. [PMID: 30429220 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid expression of critical stress response factors is a key survival strategy for diseased or stressed cells. During cell stress, translation is inhibited, and a pre-existing pool of cytoplasmic mRNA-protein complexes reversibly assembles into cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs). Gle1 is a conserved modulator of RNA-dependent DEAD-box proteins required for mRNA export, translation, and stress responses. Proper Gle1 function is critical as reflected by some human diseases such as developmental and neurodegenerative disorders and some cancers linked to gle1 mutations. However, the mechanism by which Gle1 controls SG formation is incompletely understood. Here, we show that human Gle1 is regulated by phosphorylation during heat shock stress. In HeLa cells, stress-induced Gle1 hyperphosphorylation was dynamic, primarily in the cytoplasmic pool, and followed changes in translation factors. MS analysis identified 14 phosphorylation sites in the Gle1A isoform, six of which clustered in an intrinsically disordered, low-complexity N-terminal region flanking the coil-coiled self-association domain. Of note, two mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated the Gle1A N-terminal domain, priming it for phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). A phosphomimetic gle1A6D variant (in which six putative Ser/Thr phosphorylation sites were substituted with Asp) perturbed self-association and inhibited DEAD-box helicase 3 (X-linked) (DDX3) ATPase activity. Expression of alanine-substituted, phosphodeficient GFP-gle1A6A promoted SG assembly, whereas GFP-gle1A6D enhanced SG disassembly. We propose that MAPKs and GSK3 phosphorylate Gle1A and thereby coordinate SG dynamics by altering DDX3 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-7935
| | - Aaron C Mason
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-7935
| | - Manisha Sharma
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-7935
| | - T Renee Dawson
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-7935
| | - Susan R Wente
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-7935
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37
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You S, Wang F, Hu Q, Li P, Zhang C, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Li Q, Bao Q, Liu P, Li J. Abnormal expression of YEATS4 associates with poor prognosis and promotes cell proliferation of hepatic carcinoma cell by regulation the TCEA1/ DDX3 axis. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:2076-2087. [PMID: 30416857 PMCID: PMC6220140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
YEATS domain containing 4 (YEATS4) is usually amplified and functions as an oncogene in several malignancies, such as colorectum, ovarian, breast and lung. However, the biological role of YEATS4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not yet been discussed. Herein, we found that YEATS4 was significantly upregulated in HCC compared to para-cancerous tissues, and was associated with poor prognosis, large tumor size, poor differentiation and distant metastasis. In addition, YEATS4 promoted HCC cell proliferation and colony formation by binding to and increasing the transcriptional activity of the TCEA1 promoter. Concurrently, upregulation of TCEA1 increased the stability of the DDX3 protein, a member of the DEAD box RNA helicase family, and augmented the proliferative and colony forming ability of HCC cells. Furthermore, YEATS4 accelerated tumor growth in vivo in a xenograft HCC model. Taken together, our study provides evidence for the first time on the potential role of the YEATS4/TCEA1/DDX3 axis in regulating HCC progression, and presents YEATS4 as a promising therapeutic target and prognosis maker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song You
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Graduate College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fuqiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qing Hu
- Medicine Clinical Laboratory of Xiamen Xianyue HospitalXiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Pengtao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Changmao Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Graduate College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yaqi Yu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qiu Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qing Bao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Pingguo Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital)Xiamen, Fujian, China
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38
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Abstract
HIV-1 sensors and their signaling features have been an ongoing topic of intense research over the last decade, as these mechanisms fail to establish protective immunity against HIV-1. Here, we discuss how HIV-1 infects dendritic cells (DCs) and which sensors play a role in recognizing viral DNA and RNA in these specialized immune cells. We will elaborate on the RNA helicase DDX3, which is crucial in translation initiation of HIV-1 mRNA, but also fulfills an important role as RNA sensor and inducer of antiviral immunity in DCs. As DDX3 is indispensable for HIV-1 replication, the virus cannot escape sensing by DDX3, which is an important aspect of its function. Last but not least, we will discuss how HIV-1 suppresses DDX3 sensing and how this impacts the viral load in HIV-1-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Stunnenberg
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja I Gringhuis
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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39
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Oh S, Flynn RA, Floor SN, Purzner J, Martin L, Do BT, Schubert S, Vaka D, Morrissy S, Li Y, Kool M, Hovestadt V, Jones DTW, Northcott PA, Risch T, Warnatz HJ, Yaspo ML, Adams CM, Leib RD, Breese M, Marra MA, Malkin D, Lichter P, Doudna JA, Pfister SM, Taylor MD, Chang HY, Cho YJ. Medulloblastoma-associated DDX3 variant selectively alters the translational response to stress. Oncotarget 2018; 7:28169-82. [PMID: 27058758 PMCID: PMC5053718 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DDX3X encodes a DEAD-box family RNA helicase (DDX3) commonly mutated in medulloblastoma, a highly aggressive cerebellar tumor affecting both children and adults. Despite being implicated in several facets of RNA metabolism, the nature and scope of DDX3′s interactions with RNA remain unclear. Here, we show DDX3 collaborates extensively with the translation initiation machinery through direct binding to 5′UTRs of nearly all coding RNAs, specific sites on the 18S rRNA, and multiple components of the translation initiation complex. Impairment of translation initiation is also evident in primary medulloblastomas harboring mutations in DDX3X, further highlighting DDX3′s role in this process. Arsenite-induced stress shifts DDX3 binding from the 5′UTR into the coding region of mRNAs concomitant with a general reduction of translation, and both the shift of DDX3 on mRNA and decreased translation are blunted by expression of a catalytically-impaired, medulloblastoma-associated DDX3R534H variant. Furthermore, despite the global repression of translation induced by arsenite, translation is preserved on select genes involved in chromatin organization in DDX3R534H-expressing cells. Thus, DDX3 interacts extensively with RNA and ribosomal machinery to help remodel the translation landscape in response to stress, while cancer-related DDX3 variants adapt this response to selectively preserve translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekyung Oh
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ryan A Flynn
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stephen N Floor
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - James Purzner
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lance Martin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Brian T Do
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Simone Schubert
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dedeepya Vaka
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sorana Morrissy
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery and Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yisu Li
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Marcel Kool
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Hovestadt
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T W Jones
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Risch
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Warnatz
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie-Laure Yaspo
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher M Adams
- The Vincent Coates Foundation Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ryan D Leib
- The Vincent Coates Foundation Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marcus Breese
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - David Malkin
- Cancer Genetic Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Lichter
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Doudna
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery and Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yoon-Jae Cho
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Tantravedi S, Vesuna F, Winnard PT, Van Voss MRH, Van Diest PJ, Raman V. Role of DDX3 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Oncotarget 2017; 8:115280-115289. [PMID: 29383159 PMCID: PMC5777771 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
When crypt stem cells of the gastrointestinal tract become injured, the result is increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases by their progeny – the colonic epithelium. Chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract is a characteristic of inflammatory bowel disease, which includes Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. In our ongoing investigation to decipher the characteristic functions of a RNA helicase gene, DDX3, we identified high DDX3 expression by immunohistochemistry of colon biopsy samples, which included chronic/mild Morbus Crohn, active Morbus Crohn, Chronic/mild Colitis Ulcerosa and active Colitis Ulcerosa in epithelium and stromal compartments. We used a small molecule inhibitor of DDX3, RK-33, on two human colonic epithelial cell lines, HCEC1CT and HCEC2CT and found that RK-33 was able to decrease expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-10. Moreover, forced differentiation of a human colonic cancer cell line, HT29, resulted in decreased DDX3 levels, indicating that DDX3 contributes to the modulation of colonic epithelium differentiation. In conclusion, our results revealed novel functions of DDX3 in inflammatory bowel disease and indicate a potential for using RK-33 as a systemic therapy to promote not only differentiation of transformed colonic epithelium but also to reduce MMP expression and thus elicit a decreased inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saritha Tantravedi
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Farhad Vesuna
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul T Winnard
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marise R Heerma Van Voss
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Venu Raman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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41
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Wu DW, Lin PL, Cheng YW, Huang CC, Wang L, Lee H. DDX3 enhances oncogenic KRAS‑induced tumor invasion in colorectal cancer via the β‑catenin/ZEB1 axis. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22687-99. [PMID: 27007150 PMCID: PMC5008392 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
DDX3 plays a dual role in colorectal cancer; however, the role and underlying mechanism of DDX3 in colorectal tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here, we provide evidence that DDX3 enhances oncogenic KRAS transcription via an increase in SP1 binding to its promoter. Accelerating oncogenic KRAS expression by DDX3 promotes the invasion capability via the ERK/PTEN/AKT/β-catenin cascade. Moreover, the β-catenin/ZEB1 axis is responsible for DDX3-induced cell invasiveness and xenograft lung tumor nodule formation. The xenograft lung tumor nodules induced by DDX3-overexpressing T84 stable clone were nearly suppressed by the inhibitor of AKT (perifosine) or β-catenin (XAV939). Among patients, high KRAS, positive nuclear β-catenin expression and high ZEB1 were more commonly occurred in high-DDX3 tumors than in low-DDX3 tumors. High-DDX3, high-KRAS, positive nuclear β-catenin tumors, and high-ZEB1 exhibited worse overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) than their counterparts. In conclusion, DDX3 may play an oncogenic role to promote tumor growth and invasion in colon cancer cells via the β-catenin/ZEB1 axis due to increasing KRAS transcription. We therefore suggest that AKT or β-catenin may potentially act as a therapeutic target to improve tumor regression and outcomes in colorectal cancer patients who harbored high-DDX3 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chou Huang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectum, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lee Wang
- School of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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42
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Wang Z, Shen GH, Xie JM, Li B, Gao QG. Rottlerin upregulates DDX3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:1503-1509. [PMID: 29203243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rottlerin has been reported to exert its anti-tumor activity in various types of human cancers. However, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In the current study, we explored whether rottlerin exhibits its tumor suppressive function in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Our MTT assay results showed that rottlerin inhibited cell growth in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Moreover, we found that rottlerin induced cell apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Furthermore, our wound healing assay result demonstrated that rottlerin retarded cell migration in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Additionally, rottlerin suppressed cell migration and invasion. Notably, we found that rottlerin upregulated DDX3 expression and subsequently downregulated Cyclin D1 expression and increased p21 level. Importantly, down-regulation of DDX3 abrogated the rottlerin-mediated tumor suppressive function, whereas overexpression of DDX3 promoted the anti-tumor activity of rottlerin. Our study suggests that rottlerin exhibits its anti-cancer activity partly due to upregulation of DDX3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wu Jiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China; Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Gen-Hai Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wu Jiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China
| | - Jia-Ming Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wu Jiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China.
| | - Quan-Gen Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wu Jiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China.
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43
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Chen Y, Wang Q, Wang Q, Liu H, Zhou F, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Zhao C, Guan Y, Wang X. DDX3 binding with CK1ε was closely related to motor neuron degeneration of ALS by affecting neurite outgrowth. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:4627-4639. [PMID: 29118923 PMCID: PMC5666070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons. The pathogenesis of ALS remains largely unknown. RNA helicase DDX3 is a multifunctional protein involved in several steps of gene expression. Casein kinase 1ε (CK1ε) is an important signal molecule of Wnt signaling pathway and is closely related to neurite growth. However, the roles of DDX3 and CK1ε in the pathogenesis of ALS remain unclear. In this study, we first investigated the expression of DDX3 and CK1ε in the spinal cord of SOD1-G93A ALS transgenic mice using RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical technique. Results showed that the altered expression of DDX3 and CK1ε was found in the spinal cord of ALS mice. DDX3 and CK1ε positive cells were mainly distributed in the anterior horn of spinal cord and co-localized with neurons not with glial cells, suggesting that the altered expression of DDX3 and CK1ε was closely related to motor neuron degeneration of ALS. Moreover, we selected NSC34 cell line and transfected pEGFP-G93A-SOD1 plasmid to further examine the mechanism. Knockdown of DDX3 that uses small interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased the mRNA and protein levels of CK1ε significantly and inhibited neurite outgrowth of SOD1 mutant NSC34 cells in vitro. Co-immunoprecipitation kit confirmed that DDX3 could band with CK1ε in vivo. Our data suggested that DDX3 binding with CK1ε was closely related to motor neuron degeneration of ALS by affecting neurite outgrowth. Thus, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of ALS is crucial for future development of ALS treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qiaozhen Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Huancai Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yingjun Guan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
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44
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Heerma van Voss MR, van Diest PJ, Raman V. Targeting RNA helicases in cancer: The translation trap. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:510-520. [PMID: 28965870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are reliant on the cellular translational machinery for both global elevation of protein synthesis and the translation of specific mRNAs that promote tumor cell survival. Targeting translational control in cancer is therefore increasingly recognized as a promising therapeutic strategy. In this regard, DEAD/H box RNA helicases are a very interesting group of proteins, with several family members regulating mRNA translation in cancer cells. In this review, we delineate the mechanisms by which DEAD/H box proteins modulate oncogenic translation and how inhibition of these RNA helicases can be exploited for anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marise R Heerma van Voss
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, MD, USA
| | - Venu Raman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, MD, USA.
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45
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Abstract
The nucleoporin Nup98 has been linked to the regulation of transcription and RNA metabolism, 1-3 but the mechanisms by which Nup98 contributes to these processes remains largely undefined. Recently, we uncovered interactions between Nup98 and several DExH/D-box proteins (DBPs), a protein family well-known for modulating gene expression and RNA metabolism. 4-6 Analysis of Nup98 and one of these DBPs, DHX9, showed that they directly interact, their association is facilitated by RNA, and Nup98 binding stimulates DHX9 ATPase activity. 7 Furthermore, these proteins were dependent on one another for their proper association with a subset of gene loci to control transcription and modulate mRNA splicing. 7 On the basis of these observations, we proposed that Nup98 functions to regulate DHX9 activity within the nucleoplasm. 7 Since Nup98 is associated with several DBPs, regulation of DHX9 by Nup98 may represent a paradigm for understanding how Nup98, and possibly other FG-Nup proteins, could direct the diverse cellular activities of multiple DBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ben Montpetit
- a Department of Cell Biology , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada.,b Department of Viticulture and Enology , University of California at Davis , Davis , CA , USA
| | - Richard W Wozniak
- a Department of Cell Biology , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
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46
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Hathaichoti S, Visitnonthachai D, Ngamsiri P, Niyomchan A, Tsogtbayar O, Wisessaowapak C, Watcharasit P, Satayavivad J. Paraquat induces extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A549 cells by induction of DR5 and repression of anti-apoptotic proteins, DDX3 and GSK3 expression. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 42:123-9. [PMID: 28414160 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a bipyridyl derivative herbicide known to cause lung toxicity partly through induction of apoptosis. Here we demonstrated that PQ caused apoptosis in A549 cells. PQ increased cleavage of caspase-8 and Bid, indicating caspase-8 activation and truncated Bid, the two key mediators of extrinsic apoptosis. Additionally, PQ treatment caused an increase in DR5 (death receptor-5) and caspase-8 interaction, indicating formation of DISC (death-inducing signaling complex). These results indicate that PQ induces apoptosis through extrinsic pathway in A549 cells. Moreover, PQ drastically increased DR5 expression and membrane localization. Furthermore, PQ caused prominent concentration dependent reductions of DDX3 (the DEAD box protein-3) and GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) which can associate with DR5 and prevent DISC formation. Additionally, PQ decreased DR5-DDX3 interaction, suggesting a reduction of DDX3/GSK3 anti-apoptotic complex. Inhibition of GSK3, which is known to promote extrinsic apoptosis by its pharmacological inhibitor, BIO accentuated PQ-induced apoptosis. Moreover, GSK3 inhibition caused a further decrease in PQ-reduced DR5-DDX3 interaction. Taken together, these results suggest that PQ may induce extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A549 cells through upregulation of DR5 and repression of anti-apoptotic proteins, DDX3/GSK3 leading to reduction of anti-apoptotic complex.
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47
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Wu DW, Lin PL, Wang L, Huang CC, Lee H. The YAP1/SIX2 axis is required for DDX3-mediated tumor aggressiveness and cetuximab resistance in KRAS-wild-type colorectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:1114-1132. [PMID: 28435452 PMCID: PMC5399580 DOI: 10.7150/thno.18175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying tumor aggressiveness and cetuximab (CTX) resistance in KRAS-wild-type (KRAS -WT) colorectal cancer remains obscure. We here provide evidence that DDX3 promoted soft agar growth and invasiveness of KRAS-WT cells, as already confirmed in KRAS-mutated cells. Mechanistically, increased KRAS expression induced ROS production, which elevated HIF-1α and YAP1 expression. Increased HIF-1α persistently promoted DDX3 expression via a KRAS/ROS/HIF-1α feedback loop. DDX3-mediated aggressiveness and CTX resistance were regulated by the YAP1/SIX2 axis in KRAS-WT cells and further confirmed in animal models. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis indicated that DDX3, KRAS, and YAP1 expression had prognostic value for OS and RFS in KRAS-WT and KRAS-mutated tumors, but SIX2 and YAP1/SIX2 were prognostic value only in KRAS-WT patients. The observation from patients seemed to support the mechanistic action of cell and animal models. We therefore suggest that combining YAP1 inhibitors with CTX may therefore suppress DDX3-mediated tumor aggressiveness and enhance CTX sensitivity in KRAS-WT colorectal cancer.
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48
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Heerma van Voss MR, Brilliant JD, Vesuna F, Bol GM, van der Wall E, van Diest PJ, Raman V. Combination treatment using DDX3 and PARP inhibitors induces synthetic lethality in BRCA1-proficient breast cancer. Med Oncol 2017; 34:33. [PMID: 28138868 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-0889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers have unfavorable outcomes due to their inherent aggressive behavior and lack of targeted therapies. Breast cancers occurring in BRCA1 mutation carriers are mostly triple-negative and harbor homologous recombination deficiency, sensitizing them to inhibition of a second DNA damage repair pathway by, e.g., PARP inhibitors. Unfortunately, resistance against PARP inhibitors in BRCA1-deficient cancers is common and sensitivity is limited in BRCA1-proficient breast cancers. RK-33, an inhibitor of the RNA helicase DDX3, was previously demonstrated to impede non-homologous end-joining repair of DNA breaks. Consequently, we evaluated DDX3 as a therapeutic target in BRCA pro- and deficient breast cancers and assessed whether DDX3 inhibition could sensitize cells to PARP inhibition. High DDX3 expression was identified by immunohistochemistry in breast cancer samples of 24% of BRCA1 (p = 0.337) and 21% of BRCA2 mutation carriers (p = 0.624), as compared to 30% of sporadic breast cancer samples. The sensitivity to the DDX3 inhibitor RK-33 was similar in BRCA1 pro- and deficient breast cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in the low micromolar range (2.8-6.6 μM). A synergistic interaction was observed for combination treatment with RK-33 and the PARP inhibitor olaparib in BRCA1-proficient breast cancer, with the mean combination index ranging from 0.59 to 0.62. Overall, we conclude that BRCA pro- and deficient breast cancers have a similar dependency upon DDX3. DDX3 inhibition by RK-33 synergizes with PARP inhibitor treatment, especially in breast cancers with a BRCA1-proficient background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marise R Heerma van Voss
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Justin D Brilliant
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Farhad Vesuna
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Guus M Bol
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elsken van der Wall
- Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Venu Raman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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49
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Ayalew LE, Patel AK, Gaba A, Islam A, Tikoo SK. Bovine Adenovirus-3 pVIII Suppresses Cap-Dependent mRNA Translation Possibly by Interfering with the Recruitment of DDX3 and Translation Initiation Factors to the mRNA Cap. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2119. [PMID: 28082972 PMCID: PMC5186766 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier, targeting of DDX3 by few viral proteins has defined its role in mRNA transport and induction of interferon production. This study was conducted to investigate the function of bovine adenovirus (BAdV)-3 pVIII during virus infection. Here, we provided evidence regarding involvement of DDX3 in cap dependent cellular mRNA translation and demonstrated that targeting of DDX3 by adenovirus protein VIII interfered with cap-dependent mRNA translation function of DDX3 in virus infected cells. Adenovirus late protein pVIII interacted with DDX3 in transfected and BAdV-3 infected cells. pVIII inhibited capped mRNA translation in vitro and in vivo by limiting the amount of DDX3 and eIF3. Diminished amount of DDX3 and eIFs including eIF3, eIF4E, eIF4G, and PABP were present in cap binding complex in BAdV-3 infected or pVIII transfected cells with no trace of pVIII in cap binding complex. The total amount of eIFs appeared similar in uninfected or infected cells as BAdV-3 did not appear to degrade eIFs. The co-immunoprecipitation experiments indicated the absence of direct interaction between pVIII and eIF3, eIF4E, or PABP. These data indicate that interaction of pVIII with DDX3 interferes with the binding of eIF3, eIF4E and PABP to the 5′ Cap. We conclude that DDX3 promotes cap-dependent cellular mRNA translation and BAdV-3 pVIII inhibits translation of capped cellular mRNA possibly by interfering with the recruitment of eIFs to the capped cellular mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanework E Ayalew
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada
| | - Amrutlal K Patel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada
| | - Amit Gaba
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada
| | - Azharul Islam
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
| | - Suresh K Tikoo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada; Vaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKCanada
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50
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Heerma van Voss MR, Schrijver WAME, Ter Hoeve ND, Hoefnagel LD, Manson QF, van der Wall E, Raman V, van Diest PJ. The prognostic effect of DDX3 upregulation in distant breast cancer metastases. Clin Exp Metastasis 2016; 34:85-92. [PMID: 27999982 PMCID: PMC5285427 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-016-9832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in women and identification of novel treatment targets is therefore warranted. Functional studies showed that the RNA helicase DDX3 promotes metastasis, but DDX3 expression was never studied in patient samples of metastatic cancer. In order to validate previous functional studies and to evaluate DDX3 as a potential therapeutic target, we investigated DDX3 expression in paired samples of primary and metastatic breast cancer. Samples from 79 breast cancer patients with distant metastases at various anatomical sites were immunohistochemically stained for DDX3. Both cytoplasmic and nuclear DDX3 expression were compared between primary and metastatic tumors. In addition, the correlation between DDX3 expression and overall survival was assessed. Upregulation of cytoplasmic (28%; OR 3.7; p = 0.002) was common in breast cancer metastases, especially in triple negative (TN) and high grade cases. High cytoplasmic DDX3 levels were most frequent in brain lesions (65%) and significantly correlated with high mitotic activity and triple negative subtype. In addition, worse overall survival was observed for patients with high DDX3 expression in the metastasis (HR 1.79, p = 0.039). Overall, we conclude that DDX3 expression is upregulated in distant breast cancer metastases, especially in the brain and in TN cases. In addition, high metastatic DDX3 expression correlates with worse survival, implying that DDX3 is a potential therapeutic target in metastatic breast cancer, in particular in the clinically important group of TN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marise R Heerma van Voss
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Natalie D Ter Hoeve
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurien D Hoefnagel
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Quirine F Manson
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elsken van der Wall
- Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Venu Raman
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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