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Polus A, Zapala B, Razny U, Gielicz A, Kiec-Wilk B, Malczewska-Malec M, Sanak M, Childs CE, Calder PC, Dembinska-Kiec A. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation influences the whole blood transcriptome in women with obesity, associated with pro-resolving lipid mediator production. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1746-1755. [PMID: 27531277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may reduce low-grade inflammation associated with obesity. The relationship between therapeutic response to n-3 PUFAs and modification of the transcriptome in obesity or metabolic syndrome remains to be explored. Blood samples were obtained from women with obesity before and after three-months supplementation with a moderate dose of n-3 PUFAs (1.8g EPA+DHA per day) or from controls. n-3 PUFAs (GC) and plasma concentrations of lipoxins, resolvins, protectin X (GC-MS/MS) and inflammatory markers (ELISA) were measured. Whole blood transcriptome was assayed using microarray. Women supplemented with n-3 PUFAs for 3months had significantly higher levels of EPA and DHA in plasma phosphatidylcholine. n-3 PUFA supplementation, in contrast to placebo, significantly decreased the concentrations of several inflammatory markers (SELE, MCP-1, sVCAM-1, sPECAM-1, and hsCRP), fasting triglycerides and insulin and increased the concentrations of pro-resolving DHA derivatives in plasma. The microarray data demonstrated effects of n-3 PUFAs on PPAR-α, NRF2 and NF-κB target genes. N-3 PUFAs increased DHA-derived pro-resolving mediators in women with obesity. Elevated resolvins and up-regulation of the resolvin receptor occurred in parallel with activation of PPAR-α target genes related to lipid metabolism and of NRF2 up-regulated antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Polus
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Barbara Zapala
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Razny
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Gielicz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Kiec-Wilk
- Department of Metabolic Disorders, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Caroline E Childs
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Philip C Calder
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Aldona Dembinska-Kiec
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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