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Carbonell-Rozas L, Canales R, Lara FJ, García-Campaña AM, Silva MF. A natural deep eutectic solvent as a novel dispersive solvent in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet for the determination of pesticide residues. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:6413-6424. [PMID: 34410442 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03605-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Current trends in analytical chemistry encourage the use of innocuous solvents to develop modern methods aligned with green chemistry. In this sense, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have emerged as a novel generation of green solvents which can be employed in sample treatments as an alternative to the toxic organic solvents commonly used so far. In this work, a new extraction method employs dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on a solid floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFO), by using a mixture composed of a less dense than water extraction solvent, 1-dodecanol, and a novel dispersive solvent, NADES. The methodology was proposed to extract and preconcentrate some pesticide residues (fipronil, fipronil-sulfide, fipronil-sulfone, and boscalid) from environmental water and white wine samples before analysis by liquid-chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). Limits of quantification (LOQs) lower than 4.5 μg L-1, recoveries above 80%, and precision, expressed as RSD, below 15% were achieved in both samples showing that the proposed method is a powerful, efficient, and green alternative for the determination of these compounds and, therefore, demonstrating a new application for NADES in sample preparation. In addition, the DLLME-SFOD-HPLC-UV method was evaluated and compared with other reported approaches using the Analytical GREEnness metric approach, which highlighted the greenness of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carbonell-Rozas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Romina Canales
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Francisco J Lara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana M García-Campaña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - María Fernanda Silva
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
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Feng Y, Li Q, Qiu D, Li G. Graphene Assisted in the Analysis of Coumarins in Angelicae Pubescentis Radix by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined with 1H-qNMR. Molecules 2021; 26:2416. [PMID: 33919230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The content of active components in traditional Chinese medicine is relatively small, and it is difficult to detect some trace components with modern analytical instruments, so good pretreatment and extraction are very important in the experiment. Graphene was introduced by a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method based on solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) with graphene/1-dodecyl alcohol used as the extractant, and this method, combined with quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-qNMR), was used to simultaneously qualitative and quantitative osthole, columbianadin and isoimperatorin in Angelicae Pubescentis Radix. In this experiment, a magnetic stirrer was used for extraction, all NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Advance III 600 MHz spectrometer with dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 (DMSO-d6) as deuterated solvent and pyrazine as the internal standard. The influencing factors and NMR parameters in the extraction process were investigated and optimized. In addition, the methodology of the established method was also examined. The quantitative signals of osthole, columbianadin and isoimperatorin were at a chemical shift of δ6.25–δ6.26 ppm, δ6.83–δ6.85 ppm, and δ6.31–δ6.32 ppm. The linear ranges of osthole, columbianadin and isoimperatorin were all 0.0455–2.2727 mg/mL, and R2 were 0.9994, 0.9994 and 0.9995, respectively. The limits of detection of osthole, columbianadin and isoimperatorin were 0.0660, 0.0720, 0.0620 mg, and the limits of quantification of osthole, columbianadin and isoimperatorin were 0.2201, 0.2401, 0.2066 mg/mL. The solution had good stability and repeatability within 24 h. The recoveries of osthole, columbianadin and isoimperatorin were 102.26%, 99.89%, 103.28%, respectively. The established method is simple and easy to operate, which greatly reduces the cumbersome pretreatment of samples and has high extraction efficiency.
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Cina M, Ponce MDV, Martinez LD, Cerutti S. Development of a novel UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of ochratoxin A in tea. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06663. [PMID: 33869867 PMCID: PMC8045007 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The mycotoxin Ochratoxin A (OTA) is responsible for producing many effects on human and animal health. In this work, the evaluation of the presence of OTA in tea beverage samples consisted of extraction and preconcentration through the solidification of a floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) combined with an additional octadecyl silane clean-up step. The obtained extract was analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS. Interferences from the matrix were effectively reduced and, consequently, recovery increased from 43.18% ± 4.1%-96.02% ± 2.54%. The validation assays were carried out by external calibration and spiked samples, with satisfactory recoveries. An adequate dynamic calibration range was obtained over a concentration interval between 0.5 and 70 μg mL-1 OTA. Capabilities of detection and quantification were 0.5 and 1.4 μg mL-1. The obtained Green Certificate was compared with other techniques to establish the greenness profile of the procedure. Quantification of ochratoxin A levels in tea samples was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariel Cina
- Instituto de Química de San Luis (CCT-San Luis), Facultad de Química Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Laboratorio de Espectrometría de Masas, Bloque III, Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis, CP5700, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María del Valle Ponce
- Instituto de Química de San Luis (CCT-San Luis), Facultad de Química Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Laboratorio de Espectrometría de Masas, Bloque III, Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis, CP5700, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis Dante Martinez
- Instituto de Química de San Luis (CCT-San Luis), Facultad de Química Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Laboratorio de Espectrometría de Masas, Bloque III, Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis, CP5700, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Soledad Cerutti
- Instituto de Química de San Luis (CCT-San Luis), Facultad de Química Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Laboratorio de Espectrometría de Masas, Bloque III, Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis, CP5700, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bian Y, Wang Y, Yu J, Zheng S, Qin F, Zhao L. Analysis of six preservatives in beverages using hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent as disperser in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplet. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 195:113889. [PMID: 33429250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr) and acetic acid in a 1:2 M ratio was applied as the dispersive solvent for the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFO), using 1-decanol as extractant. Six preservatives (benzoic acid, BA; sorbic acid, SA; methyl paraben, MP; ethyl paraben, EP; propyl paraben PP; and butyl paraben, BP) in beverages were determined simultaneously through high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Under the optimal experimental condition that consists of 200 μL of disperser (TBABr: acetic acid, 1:2), 80 μL of extractant (1-decanol), 3 min of vortex time, 4.5 of pH, 2.5 g of NaCl, the proposed method showed satisfactory linearity in the range of 0.05-50.0 mg L-1, with a correlation coefficient (R2) higher than 0.9998. The limits of detection (LODs) varied from 0.02 to 0.05 mg L-1 and the limits of quantification (LOQs) varied from 0.05-0.1 mg L-1. The relative standard deviations (intra-day and inter-days) were below 5 %. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of preservatives in beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Jiaping Yu
- The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83, Wenhua Rd. Shenhe district, Shenyang, 110003, PR China
| | - Shuwen Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Feng Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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Carvalho RRR, Rodriguez MDVR, Franco ES, Beltrame F, Pereira AL, Santos VS, Araujo W, Rocha BA, Rodrigues JL. DLLME-SFO-GC-MS procedure for the determination of 10 organochlorine pesticides in water and remediation using magnetite nanoparticles. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:45336-45348. [PMID: 32785893 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There exists a high demand for fast, simple, and reliable methodologies for determining the presence of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) on environmental samples. Moreover, the toxicity and accumulation of potential OCPs in several environments have led to the development of technologies that achieve their removal from contaminated waters. In this study, a novel method combining a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure based on the solidification of floating organic drop is developed and validated for the extraction, preconcentration, and determination of 10 OCPs: α-BHC, p,p'-DDE, δ-BHC, dieldrin, p,p'-DDT, endosulfan I, endosulfan sulfate, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide (isomer B), and methoxychlor in water samples. The results show that the calibration curves were linear for all the studied compounds, and the coefficients of correlation higher than 0.99. The variation coefficient for precision and accuracy was lower than 10%, and the accuracy ranged from 93 to 105%. Low limit of detection and limit of quantification values ranging from 0.06-3.00 ng mL-1 and 0.20-10 ng mL-1 were obtained, respectively. The capability of the proposed method was confirmed using an analysis of the water samples before and after the degradation process; this was achieved by employing nanomaterials, while performing an analysis of 160 real samples that were sourced from a Brazilian river. A cobalt-doped magnetite was applied for the environmental remediation of the studied compounds, and it was verified that the novel material has the potential to be used in environmental remediation with a degradation efficiency exceeding 80% for the majority of the studied compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiane Ramos Rocha Carvalho
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, 39803-371, Brazil
| | | | - Elton Santos Franco
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, 39803-371, Brazil
| | - Felipe Beltrame
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, 39803-371, Brazil
| | - Alex Leite Pereira
- Universidade de Brasília, Campus de Ceilândia, Centro Metropolitano Ceilândia Sul, Brasilia, DF, CEP: 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Vívian Silva Santos
- Universidade de Brasília, Campus de Ceilândia, Centro Metropolitano Ceilândia Sul, Brasilia, DF, CEP: 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Wildo Araujo
- Universidade de Brasília, Campus de Ceilândia, Centro Metropolitano Ceilândia Sul, Brasilia, DF, CEP: 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Bruno Alves Rocha
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, Diadema, SP, 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Jairo Lisboa Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, 39803-371, Brazil.
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Sun X, Xing X, Du Z. Application of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop for the determination of extractables from pharmaceutical packaging materials. Talanta 2020; 209:120540. [PMID: 31891992 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A new method was established for the determination of the extractables from pharmaceutical packaging materials using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS). Packaging samples were filled with three kinds of buffer solutions: acid buffer (pH = 3), alkaline buffer (pH = 9) and 0.9% NaCl solution to extract as many extractables as possible, and then the extractables in buffer solutions were enriched by DLLME-SFO technique. Parameters affecting the efficiency of the extraction procedure were evaluated and optimized, including the type and volume of dispersant, extractant volume, pH and vortex-mixing time. After optimization, the values obtained for limits of detection and quantification for three kinds of common antioxidants were 0.3 and 1.0 μg/L respectively, and good linearity (R2 > 0.99) was observed in their respective concentration ranges. The recoveries ranged from 80.61% to 117.87% at three spiked levels with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) between 0.92% and 9.29% (n = 6) in all three buffer solutions. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of extractables from pharmaceutical packaging materials. The results indicated that the proposed procedure is a novel, sensitive, fast and repeatable method and has a great significance for evaluation of safety of pharmaceutical packaging materials.
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Peng G, He Q, Lu Y, Mmereki D, Zhong Z. Determination of organophosphorus pesticides and their major degradation product residues in food samples by HPLC-UV. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:19409-19416. [PMID: 27378220 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple method based on dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on solidification of floating organic droplets (DLLME-SFO) was developed for the extraction of chlorpyrifos (CP), chlorpyrifos-methyl (CPM), and their main degradation product 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) in tomato and cucumber samples. The determination was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). In the DSPE-DLLME-SFO, the analytes were first extracted with acetone. The clean-up of the extract by DSPE was carried out by directly adding activated carbon sorbent into the extract solution, followed by shaking and filtration. Under the optimum conditions, the proposed method was sensitive and showed a good linearity within a range of 2-500 ng/g, with the correlation coefficients (r) varying from 0.9991 to 0.9996. The enrichment factors ranged from 127 to 138. The limit of detections (LODs) were in the range of 0.12-0.68 ng/g, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) for 50 ng/g of each analytes in tomato samples were in the range of 3.25-6.26 % (n = 5). The proposed method was successfully applied for the extraction and determination of the mentioned analytes residues in tomato and cucumber samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
| | - Ying Lu
- Mathematics and Physics, Armed Police College, Chengdu, 610213, China
| | - Daniel Mmereki
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Peng G, He Q, Al-Hamadani SMZF, Zhou G, Liu M, Zhu H, Chen J. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on solidification of floating organic droplet for the determination of thiamphenicol and florfenicol in environmental water samples. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 115:229-233. [PMID: 25723132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of a floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFO) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was applied for the determination of thiamphenicol (TAP), florfenicol (FF) in water samples. 1-Undecanol was used as the extraction solvent which has lower density than water, low toxicity, and low melting point (19°C). A mixture of 800mL acetone (disperser solvent) and 80µL of 1-undecanol (extraction solvent) was injected into 20mL of aqueous solution. After 5min, 0.6g of NaCl was added and the sample vial was shaken. After 5min, the sample was centrifuged at 3500rpm for 3min, and then placed in an ice bath. When the extraction solvent floating on the aqueous solution had solidified, it was transferred into another conical vial where it was melted quickly at room temperature, and was diluted with methanol to 1mL, and analyzed by HPLC-UV detection. Parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were thoroughly examined and optimized. The extraction recoveries (ER) and the enrichment factors (EF) ranged from 67% to 72% and 223 to 241, respectively. The limits of detection (LODs) (S/N=3) were 0.33 and 0.56µgL(-1) for TAP and FF, respectively. Linear dynamic range (LDR) was in the range of 1.0-550µgL(-1) for TAP and 1.5-700µgL(-1) for FF, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were in the range of 2.6-3.5% and the recoveries of spiked samples ranged from 94% to 106%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Sulala M Z F Al-Hamadani
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengzi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Junhua Chen
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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