1
|
do Carmo GM, de Sá MF, Grando TH, Gressler LT, Baldissera MD, Monteiro SG, Henker LC, Mendes RE, Stefani LM, Da Silva AS. Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) and pentostatin ( deoxycoformycin) against Trypanosoma cruzi. Exp Parasitol 2019; 199:47-51. [PMID: 30825499 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the efficacy of cordycepin and pentostatin (alone or combined) against Trypanosoma cruzi, as well as the therapeutic efficiency of protocols of cordycepin and pentostatin combinations in mice experimentally infected with T. cruzi. In vitro, the cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) and pentostatin (deoxycoformycin) exerted potent trypanocidal effect against T. cruzi (Colombian strain), similarly to benznidazole, which is the reference drug. For epimastigotes, the lethal dose of cordycepin capable of killing 50% (LD50) and 20% (LD20) of the parasites was 0.072 and 0.031 mg/mL, respectively and for trypomastigotes was 0.047 and 0.015 mg/mL, respectively. The combined use of cordycepin and pentostatin resulted in a LD50 and LD20 for epimastigotes of 0.068 and 0.027 mg/mL, respectively, as well as 0.056 and 0.018 mg/mL for trypomastigotes, respectively. In vivo, the combined use of cordycepin and pentostatin did not show the expected curative effect, however it was able to control the parasitema in the peak period. In summary, the combination of cordycepin and pentostatin showed no curative effect in mice infected by T. cruzi, despite the in vitro reduction of epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M do Carmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariângela F de Sá
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thirssa H Grando
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Instituto Federal Farroupilha (IFFar), campus Frederico Westphalen, Brazil
| | - Lucas T Gressler
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luan C Henker
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Garcia-Gil M, Tozzi MG, Varani S, Della Verde L, Petrotto E, Balestri F, Colombaioni L, Camici M. The combination of adenosine deaminase inhibition and deoxyadenosine induces apoptosis in a human astrocytoma cell line. Neurochem Int 2014; 80:14-22. [PMID: 25447764 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the functions of astrocytes contribute to the appearance of a variety of neurological pathologies. Gliomas, especially those of astrocytic origin, are particularly resistant to chemotherapy and are often characterized by a poor prognosis. Neuroblastoma is the tumour with the higher incidence in infants. Anticancer drugs can induce apoptosis and their cytotoxic effect is often mediated by this process. We have previously demonstrated that the combination of deoxycoformycin, a strong adenosine deaminase inhibitor, and deoxyadenosine is toxic for a human astrocytoma cell line. In fact, after 15 h of treatment, this combination increases both mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial mass, induces apoptosis as indicated by cytochrome c release from mitochondria and activation of caspase-3. These events are preceded by reduction in lactate release in the medium. In this work we demonstrate that after 8 h of incubation with deoxyadenosine and deoxycoformycin, caspase-8 is activated, mitochondrial mass increases and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species decrease. The addition of baicalein to the incubation medium reduces cell death and caspase-3 activity induced by deoxycoformycin and deoxyadenosine in combination. This protective effect is correlated to an increase of lactate released in the medium, a decrease in the intracellular levels of dATP, and an increase in ATP levels, as compared with the cells subjected to the treatment with deoxycoformycin and deoxyadenosine without any further addition. The effect of baicalein appears to be related to an inhibition of deoxyadenosine phosphorylation, rather than or in addition to the well known antioxidant activity of the compound. This work indicates that an astrocytoma cell line, reported to be resistant to mitochondria-dependent pathways of apoptosis, is indeed very sensitive to a manipulation affecting the balance of cellular purine metabolite concentrations. The same treatment is also cytotoxic on a neuroblastoma cell line, thus suggesting long term implications for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità Fisiologia Generale, Via S. Zeno 31, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Varani
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità Fisiologia Generale, Via S. Zeno 31, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenza Della Verde
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità Fisiologia Generale, Via S. Zeno 31, Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Petrotto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità Fisiologia Generale, Via S. Zeno 31, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Marcella Camici
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità Biochimica, Via S. Zeno 51, Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|