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Machado M, Nora L, Zanin TBN, Bissacotti BF, Morsch VM, Vedovatto M, Pelisser G, Mendes RE, Galvão AC, Speroni CS, Gloria EM, Rodrigues MF, Wagner R, Stefani LM, da Silva AS. Impacts of intake of trichothecenes (Fusarium sporotrichioides) for dairy calves: Effects on animal growth, oxidative and inflammatory response. Microb Pathog 2024; 190:106605. [PMID: 38428470 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impacts of trichothecenes (Fusarium sporotrichioides) for dairy calves on animal growth, oxidative and inflammatory responses in the presence or absence of essential oils. Twelve calves weaned at 70 days of age were divided into 2 groups: T-C (control) and T-EO (essential oils - oregano, thyme, basil and rosemary) in the period of 40 days consuming ration contaminated by trichothecenes (500 ppb). The animals in the T-EO group received a mixture of EOs via feed at a dosage of 0.75 mL per/kg of feed. Blood collections were performed on days 1, 20 and 40 for hematological and biochemical analyses; the fecal score was performed every 2 days on a scale of 1-5 and clinical examinations were performed 3 times during the experiment period. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment; euthanasia of two calves per group for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of several tissues (spleen, liver, duodenum, jejunum, ilium, cecum and colon) was performed at the end of the experiment. The calves in the T-EO group had a tendency (P = 0.07) of higher body weight when compared to the T-C. Treatment effect and treatment vs day interaction was detected for leukocytes and granulocytes variables, demonstrating a higher count of these cells in the T-EO group on both days (20 and 40), and the same behavior occurred for the distribution amplitude of erythrocytes (RDW). The enzymes alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT) showed higher serum activity in the T-C group (days 20 and 40). The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were lower in the serum of animals in the T-EO group. For calves in the T-EO group, glutathione S-transferase activity was higher in serum. Haptoglobulin and C-reactive protein levels were lower on days 20 and 40 in T-EO animals when compared to the T-C group. In the macroscopic and microscopic evaluations, which were collected at the end of the experiment after slaughtering the animals, liver and intestine did not show changes for the animals in the T-EO group, unlike the animals in the T-C group, which had moderately firm diffuse consistency of the liver and edema in the mesentery, as well as oxidative stress in tissues (liver, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon). The results concluded that the consumption of a mixture of EOs (essential oils - oregano, thyme, basil and rosemary) minimized the negative effects caused by trichothecenes in dairy calves, thus being an alternative to improving the immunological and antioxidant condition, as well as a possible adsorbent alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Machado
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Luisa Nora
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Tayse Burger Neto Zanin
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Bianca F Bissacotti
- Graduate Program in Biology: Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Graduate Program in Biology: Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vedovatto
- Louisiana State University, Dean Lee Research and Extension Center, Alexandria, LA, 71302, USA
| | - Giovana Pelisser
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil; Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, Greece
| | - Alessandro C Galvão
- Department of Food Engineering and Chemistry, UDESC, Pinhalzinho, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo M Gloria
- Biological Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Scientific and Technologgical Education, Centro de Educação a Distância, UDESC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biology: Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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2
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Marchiori MS, Paiano D, Zatti E, Tarasconi L, Ficagna C, Amaral MAFD, Milarch CF, Horn VW, Mendes RE, Galli GM, Vedovatto M, Da Silva AS. Butyric acid glycerides as substitutes for antibiotics as growth enhancers in the diet of nursery piglets. Res Vet Sci 2024; 167:105110. [PMID: 38150942 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether the addition of butyric acid glycerides as substitutes to conventional growth promoters can provide adequate zootechnical performance and intestinal health in healthy piglets in the nursery phase. We used 90 male piglets (average weight of 6.5 kg) subdivided into five treatments with six replicates per treatment. The treatments had the same basal diet: NC-negative control (without growth promoter), PC-positive control (with gentamicin, oral), PSB-protected sodium butyrate, FSB-free sodium butyrate, and TRI-tributyrin. In these animals, zootechnical performance was evaluated on days 1, 10, 20 and 39, microbiological analysis on days 14 and 39, hematocrit, blood biochemistry and intestinal histology, intestinal oxidation and antioxidation on day 39. The average daily weight gain was higher in the TRI group on days 21 to 39 in the nursery (P = 0.03), with more significant weight gain from 1 to 39 days (P = 0.05). There were higher leukocyte counts in the PC group than in the TRI group and higher lymphocyte counts in the PC treatment than in the NC or TRI groups. Escherichia coli counts were lower in the PC, followed by the PSB and TRI groups on day 39 (P = 0.01). Lower crypt depths were found in the TRI and FSB groups, followed by PC, than in the NC group (P = 0.01). Higher values for crypt villosity ratio were found in the FSB and TRI groups than in the NC group (P = 0.05). Lower lipid peroxidation was found in analyzes of serum oxidative status (LPO: P = 0.01), associated with greater activities of superoxide dismutase - SOD (P = 0.08), glutathione S-transferase - GST (P = 0.09) in PSB and TRI groups than in the NC group. In conclusion, the use of butyric acid in the form of tributyrin can be used as growth enhancers in piglets in the nursery phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiara S Marchiori
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Diovani Paiano
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Emerson Zatti
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Lara Tarasconi
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Cassio Ficagna
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Marco A F D Amaral
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Vitor W Horn
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concordia, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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Tarasconi L, Dazuk V, Molosse VL, Cécere BGO, Deolindo GL, Mendes RE, Gloria EM, Ternus EM, Galli GM, Paiano D, Da Silva AS. Nursery pigs fed with feed contaminated by aflatoxin B1 (Aspergillus flavus) and anti-mycotoxin blend: Pathogenesis and negative impact on animal health and weight gain. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106474. [PMID: 38070627 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate whether a moderate dose of aflatoxin B1 in pigs' diet interferes with pigs' growth and health in the nursery phase and whether an anti-mycotoxin mixture minimizes the adverse effects of the toxin. One blend with Saccharomyces cerevisiae lysate, zeolite, silicon dioxide, propylene glycol, Carduus marianus extract, soy lecithin, and carbonate was used as an anti-mycotoxin. Four treatments, with six repetitions per treatment and three pigs/pen: Afla0-AntiMyc0 - negative control (without aflatoxin); Afla500-AntiMyc0 - positive control (500 ppb of aflatoxin); Afla0-AntiMyc1000 - 1000 mg/kg of anti-mycotoxin blend; Afla500-AntiMyc1000 - 500 ppb aflatoxin +1000 mg/kg of anti-mycotoxin blend. It was observed that pigs in the positive control (Afla500-AntiMyc0) had lower body weight and weight gain when compared to the other treatments during the experimental period. Also, pigs from Afla500-AntiMyc0 had lower feed intake between days 1-20 and 1 to 30 than Afla0-AntiMyc0. The pigs from Afla500-AntiMyc0 had higher levels of liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase compared to other treatments. The pigs from Afla500-AntiMyc0 had higher villus height than the other treatments, while the folded size was smaller in this treatment. Crypts were deeper in the intestines of pigs in both treatments that consumed aflatoxin. In general, it is concluded that the intake of aflatoxin B1 by nursery pigs has negative impacts on the health and, consequently, the animals' growth performance; however, the addition of the contaminated feed with an anti-mycotoxin blend was able to protect the pigs, minimizing the adverse effects caused by the mycotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Tarasconi
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Dazuk
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Vitor L Molosse
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruno G O Cécere
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UDESC, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Deolindo
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UDESC, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
| | - Eduardo M Gloria
- Department of Biological Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Ternus
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, UDESC, Lages, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Galli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Diovani Paiano
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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Pfaller MA, Mendes RE, Sader HS, Castanheira M, Carvalhaes CG. Oritavancin in vitro activity against Gram-positive organisms from European medical centers: a 10-year longitudinal overview from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2010-2019). J Chemother 2023; 35:689-699. [PMID: 37746914 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2259673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
To assess oritavancin in vitro activity against clinically relevant Gram-positive pathogens in European (EU) hospitals, a total of 51,531 consecutive and unique clinical isolates collected in 2010-2019 were evaluated. All isolates were tested by CLSI broth microdilution methods. The key resistance phenotypes differed considerably between Eastern Europe (E-EU) and Western Europe (W-EU), respectively: methicillin-resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus 27.7%/22.9%; multidrug resistant (MDR) S. aureus, 19.7%/15.2%; MR coagulase-negative staphylococci, 77.3%/61.9%; vancomycin-resistant enterococci (E. faecium), 44.2%/20.9%; and MDR E. faecium, 63.8%/55.4%. There were no substantive differences in oritavancin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the different species/organism groups over time or by EU region. Oritavancin inhibited 99.9% and 99.1% of all S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci at 0.12 mg/L, respectively, and all isolates of E. faecalis and E. faecium at ≤0.5 mg/L. Oritavancin susceptibility rates against β-hemolytic and Viridans group streptococci isolates were 98.1% and 99.4%, respectively. Oritavancin had potent activity in vitro against this contemporary collection of European Gram-positive isolates from 2010 to 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Pfaller
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - R E Mendes
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA
| | - H S Sader
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA
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Galli GM, Strapazzon JV, Marchiori MS, Molosse VL, Deolindo GL, Fracasso M, Copetti PM, Morsch VM, Baldissera MD, Mendes RE, Boiago MM, da Silva AS. Addition of a Blend Based on Zinc Chloride and Lignans of Magnolia in the Diet of Broilers to Substitute for a Conventional Antibiotic: Effects on Intestinal Health, Meat Quality, and Performance. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233249. [PMID: 36496770 PMCID: PMC9740953 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether adding a blend based on zinc chloride and lignans from magnolia to the diet of broilers could replace conventional performance enhancers. For this study, 360 chickens were divided into four groups, with six repetitions per group (n = 15), as follows: CN, without promoter; GPC, control, 50 mg/kg of enramycin growth promoter; T-50, additive blend at a dose of 50 g/ton; and T-100, additive blend at a dose of 100 g/ton. Chickens fed with the additive blend at 50 g/ton showed a production efficiency index equal to that in the GPC group (p < 0.05). At 42 days, the lowest total bacterial count (TBC) was found in the T-100 group, followed by that in the GPC group (p < 0.001). For E. coli, the lowest count was observed in the T-100 group, followed by that in the CP and T-50 groups (p < 0.001). Higher villus/crypt ratios were observed in birds belonging to the T-100 and T-50 groups than in the GPC and NC groups (p < 0.001). Greater water retention was found in the T-50 group than in NC and T-100 groups (p < 0.048). The lowest water loss during cooking was also noted in the T-50 group (p < 0.033). We concluded that adding the antimicrobial blend, primarily at 50 g/ton, maintains the efficiency of the index of production and improves the intestinal health and meat quality of the birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M. Galli
- Animal Science Graduate Program, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
| | - João V. Strapazzon
- Animal Science Graduate Program, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
| | - Maiara S. Marchiori
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
| | - Vitor L. Molosse
- Animal Science Graduate Program, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L. Deolindo
- Animal Science Graduate Program, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
| | - Mateus Fracasso
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Priscila M. Copetti
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera M. Morsch
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D. Baldissera
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, n 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E. Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Rodovia SC 283—km 17, Concordia 89703-720, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcel M. Boiago
- Animal Science Graduate Program, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S. da Silva
- Animal Science Graduate Program, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Beloni Trombeta Zanini, n 680-E, Santo Antonio 89815-630, SC, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-49-20499560
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Ficagna CA, Galli GM, Zatti E, Sponchiado BM, Cecere BGDO, Deolindo GL, Tarasconi L, Horn VW, Mendes RE, Bissacotti BF, Schetinger MRC, Boiago MM, da Silva AS. Butyric acid glycerides in the diet of broilers to replace conventional growth promoters: effects on performance, metabolism, and intestinal health. Arch Anim Nutr 2022; 76:191-204. [PMID: 36688467 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2022.2162796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether butyric acid glycerides can replace conventional growth promoters, favour intestinal health, and improve performance. A total of 420 birds were used, divided into four groups with seven repetitions per group (n = 15), as follows: NC, negative control (no promoter); PC, positive control (basal diet + enramycin + salinomycin); MDT-BUT, a diet supplemented with mono-, di-, and triglycerides of butyric acid; TRI-BUT, a diet supplemented with tributyrin of butyric acid glycerides. Productive performance was measured on days 1, 21, 35, and 42. Excreta were collected for counting Escherichia coli and coliforms on days 21 and 42. Blood samples were collected at 42 days of age to analyse oxidant/antioxidant status, and the intestine was removed for intestinal morphometry. From 1 to 42 days, there was greater body weight, weight gain, and feed conversion in the PC, MDT-BUT, and TRI-BUT groups than in the NC group; the production efficiency index was 21.10% higher in all groups than in the NC group (p = 0.001). At 21 days, there were lower E. coli counts of 86.8% in the TRI-BUT and 99.7% in PC groups than in the NC and MDT-BUT groups (p < 0.001), while at 42 days, lower counts were found in the PC, MDT-BUT, and TRI-BUT groups than the NC group (p < 0.001). There were lower total protein and globulin levels in the MDT-BUT and TRI-BUT groups than in the NC group (p = 0.001). Cholesterol levels were lower in the TRI-BUT group, followed by MDT-BUT and PC groups, than in the NC group (p = 0.001), while lower triglyceride levels were found in the TRI-BUT group than in the NC and PC groups (p = 0.001). There were lower levels of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species in the TRI-BUT group, followed by the PC group than the NC group (p < 0.001); on the other hand, there were higher protein thiol levels in the TRI-BUT group than the NC group (p = 0.041). The villus:crypt ratio increase was 79.4% in the TRI-BUT group, followed by the 45.1% PC and 19.8% MDT-BUT groups than the NC (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that adding butyric acid confers antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and improves birds' production efficiency, intestinal health, and metabolism. Butyric acid glycerides are an effective alternative to conventional growth promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassio Antônio Ficagna
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Miotto Galli
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Emerson Zatti
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lara Tarasconi
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Vitor W Horn
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concordia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concordia, Brazil
| | - Bianca F Bissacotti
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Marcel Manente Boiago
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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7
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Almeida AB, Araújo DN, Strapazzon JV, Rita C, Dilda A, Balen G, Deolindo GL, Nesi D, Furlan VJM, Pelisser G, Mendes RE, Fracasso M, Wagner R, Boiago MM, Silva ASDA. Use of blend based on an emulsifier, monolaurin, and glycerides of butyric acid in the diet of broilers: impacts on intestinal health, performance, and meat. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20210687. [PMID: 34909829 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120210687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the addition of a blend based on α-monolaurin mono-, di- and triglycerides of butyric acid, and lysolecithin on the performance even on diets containing reduced inclusion of oil in the diet and without the use of growth-promoting antibiotics of broilers considering the effect on health, performance, and meat. Three treatments were defined: positive control (TP: with enramycin), negative control (TN: no enramycin), and blend (T-FRA: with monolaurin and glycerides of acid butyric minus 0.8% soybean oil). At 21 days, broilers treated with TP and T-FRA obtained the lower feed conversion ratio (FC); at 35 days, T-FRA broilers obtained lower FC than TN broilers. Cholesterol levels were higher in the blood of T-FRA broilers. On day 42, levels of ROS and TBARS were lower in the intestine, muscles, and liver of T-FRA broilers. Moreover, glutathione S-transferase and total non-enzymatic antioxidants were greater at the intestinal and muscular levels. The T-FRA broilers had a lower percentage of lipids in the meat. The MIC indicated that 111mg of the blend/mL inhibited the growth of E. coli; however, the counts of total coliforms and E. coli in the feces and the broilers' litter did not differ between treatments. In conclusion, the addition of the blend T-FRA in broiler diets was able to improve the feed conversion and maintain the other performance parameters even considering a reduction of 0.8% in the inclusion of oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Denise N Araújo
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - João V Strapazzon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Cleiciane Rita
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dilda
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Giovana Balen
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Deolindo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniela Nesi
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Valcenir J M Furlan
- Universidade Federal do PAMPA, Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, Rua Luiz Joaquim de Sá Brito, s/n, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Giovana Pelisser
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rodovia SC 283, Km 17, 89703-720 Concordia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rodovia SC 283, Km 17, 89703-720 Concordia, SC, Brazil
| | - Mateus Fracasso
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rodovia SC 283, Km 17, 89703-720 Concordia, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger Wagner
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcel M Boiago
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S DA Silva
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rua Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 680E, Santo Antônio, 89815-630 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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8
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Armanini EH, Boiago MM, Cécere BGDO, Oliveira PV, Teixeira CJS, Strapazzon JV, Bottari NB, Silva AD, Fracasso M, Vendruscolo RG, Wagner R, Gloria EMD, Horn VW, Mendes RE, Baldissera MD, Vedovatto M, Da Silva AS. Protective effects of silymarin in broiler feed contaminated by mycotoxins: growth performance, meat antioxidant status, and fatty acid profiles. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:442. [PMID: 34410508 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of silymarin in broiler feed was able to mitigate the adverse effects of mycotoxin on growth performance, health status, liver oxidative stress, and meat fatty acid profiles. A completely randomized design with four treatments, four repetitions, and 15 chicks per repetition was used, with the following groups: (a) feed without additives (NoMyc-NoSil), (b) feed supplemented with silymarin (NoMyc-Sil), (c) feed contaminated with mycotoxin (Myc-NoSil), and (d) feed contaminated with mycotoxin and supplemented with silymarin (Myc-Sil). Growth performance, intestinal and liver health, and meat quality were assessed. The consumption of feed contaminated with mycotoxin delayed weight gain and increased the feed conversion ratio; however, the addition of silymarin prevented these adverse effects on the chicken industry. Serum ALT activity was higher in Myc-NoSil broilers than in other groups. Intake of silymarin in healthy birds increased serum globulin concentration and reduced albumin concentration and ALT and AST serum activities compared to the Myc-NoSil group. The NoMyc-Sil birds had greater villus heights and crypt depths. Luminosity and water loss by cooking were affected by mycotoxin ingestion, changes that did not occur in the meat of birds that were supplemented with silymarin. The sum of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the meat did not change among treatments, unlike the sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids higher in the meat of birds that consumed silymarin. We conclude that silymarin is a potential additive in broiler feed; it reduces impairment of growth performance at the end of the productive cycle, prevents oxidative stress, improves meat quality, and increases polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo H Armanini
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of the State of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcel M Boiago
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of the State of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruno G de Oliveira Cécere
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of the State of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos J S Teixeira
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of the State of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - João V Strapazzon
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of the State of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Anielen D Silva
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Mateus Fracasso
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Roger Wagner
- Department of Food Science, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Vitor W Horn
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), SC, Concórdia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), SC, Concórdia, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Vedovatto
- Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana, Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of the State of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
- Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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9
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Galli GM, Boiago MM, Roscamp E, Muller LK, Stefani LM, Mendes RE, Gris A, Dilkin JD, Oliveira R, Kolm MA, Da Silva AS. Gypsum improves broiler litter quality and reduces footpad lesions. Anim Prod Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/an19718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
To optimise litter quality, the use of gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) may be a good strategy. Brazil is the largest exporter of chicken meat in the world. The Asian market, in particular, demands chicken feet; however, quality standards for export demand that the feet have to be free (or almost free) of injuries. It is therefore essential to reduce the incidence of footpad lesions.
Aims
To determine whether the replacement of lime (Ca(OH)2) by gypsum in poultry broiler litter improves litter quality, pododermatitis scores, animal performance and health.
Methods
In total, 320, 1-day-old male Cobb 500 broilers were divided into the following four groups: control group in which no gypsum or lime were added to the litter (TC); group with 0.5 kg of lime/m2 of litter (TL 0.5); group with 0.5 kg of gypsum/m2 of litter (TG 0.5); and group with 1.0 kg of gypsum/m2 of litter (TG 1.0). The pH, dry matter, water activity and surface temperature of the litter were measured on Days 21, 35 and 42. Animal performance parameters were measured on Days 1, 21, 35 and 42; blood collection was performed on Day 42 for biochemical and haematological analysis, in addition to excreta samples and litter for bacterial counts. At the end of the experiment, 32 broilers were humanely killed for tissue analysis (liver and intestine) and histopathology. The degrees of footpad injury (Day 42) were graded using a 5-point scale, from 0 (no injury), to 1, 2, 3 and 4 (severe injury).
Key results
No differences were found between treatments regarding performance (P > 0.05). With respect to intestinal parameters, there were significant differences in villus height and crypt depth, with TL 0.5, and TG 1.0 showing larger villi than did the control group. The shallowest crypt depths were seen in TC and TG 0.5. Litter dry matter content was significantly higher than in the control (TC) at Day 35 in TG 0.5, and at Day 42 in the TG 1.0 treatments. The litter temperature was significantly higher in the TL 0.5 treatment than in the TG 1.0 at 21 days, but they were not different from that in the control. At Day 35, both TG treatments had significantly lower litter temperature than did the control group, but no differences were observed at Day 42. The treatments had no effect on haematology or biochemical properties, nor on litter or bacterial counts in excreta. Broilers raised on litter treated with gypsum showed 50% fewer Grade 3 and 4 footpad lesions than did the control animals on Day 42, an important finding mainly for lesion grades between 3 and 4 that could prevent export of feet.
Conclusions
Gypsum at 0.5 kg/m2 showed the best results regarding litter quality, reducing the incidence of footpad lesions without compromising animal health or performance.
Implications
Applying gypsum to litter at 0.5 kg/m2 reduces the number of broilers with pododermatitis, an economic benefit to the poultry industry.
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10
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Galli GM, Griss LG, Fortuoso BF, Silva AD, Fracasso M, Lopes TF, Schetinger MRS, Gundel S, Ourique AF, Carneiro C, Mendes RE, Boiago MM, Da Silva AS. Feed contaminated by fumonisin (Fusarium spp.) in chicks has a negative influence on oxidative stress and performance, and the inclusion of curcumin-loaded nanocapsules minimizes these effects. Microb Pathog 2020; 148:104496. [PMID: 32910982 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of curcumin (free and encapsulated) to chick feed would minimize the negative effects on health and performance caused by daily intake of fumonisin. We used 50 birds, divided into five treatments: CP, basal diet with 600 mg/kg of fumonisin, with antibiotic and coccidiostatic agent; CU, 600 mg/kg of fumonisin and 50 mg/kg of curcumin; NC5, feed with 600 mg/kg of fumonisin and 5 mg of nano-curcumin/kg of feed; NC10, feed with 600 mg/kg of fumonisin and 10 mg of nano-curcumin/kg of feed; and CN, fumonisin-free diet, with antibiotic and coccidiostatic. We measured weights, weight gain, and serum biochemistry, as well as antioxidant and oxidant activities. Lower body weight and weight gain were observed in chicks that received feed with fumonisin; curcumin did not minimize this negative effect. Lower glucose and triglyceride levels were also observed in the NC10 group, while the highest cholesterol levels were observed in all groups of birds that consumed fumonisin compared to the CN group. Uric acid levels were significantly lower in CP than in CN. Levels of liver enzymes were higher in CP than in CN. The highest levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were found in CP and CU, whereas ROS was higher in CU compared to CN. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly lower in CP, while glutathione S-transferase activity was higher in the CP group. Catalase activity was lower in groups of birds that consumed fumonisin compared to CN. Taken together, these findings suggest that intake of curcumin-loaded nanocapsules (10 mg/kg) had hepaprotective and antioxidant effects in chicks artificially intoxicated with fumonisin, minimizing the negative effects caused by this mycotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Gustavo Griss
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Bruno F Fortuoso
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Anielen D Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemical Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Mateus Fracasso
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemical Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thalisson F Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemical Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa S Schetinger
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemical Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concordia, Brazil
| | - Marcel M Boiago
- Postgraduate Program in Zootechnology. UDESC, Chapecó, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Zootechnology. UDESC, Chapecó, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil.
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11
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Biagi M, Vialichka A, Jurkovic M, Wu T, Shajee A, Lee M, Patel S, Mendes RE, Wenzler E. Activity of Cefiderocol Alone and in Combination with Levofloxacin, Minocycline, Polymyxin B, or Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole against Multidrug-Resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:e00559-20. [PMID: 32571820 PMCID: PMC7449157 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00559-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of an L1 metallo-β-lactamase and an L2 serine active-site β-lactamase precludes the use of β-lactams for the treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections. Preclinical data suggest that cefiderocol is the first approved β-lactam with reliable activity against S. maltophilia, but data on strains resistant to current first-line agents are limited, and no studies have assessed cefiderocol-based combinations. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the in vitro activity of cefiderocol alone and in combination with levofloxacin, minocycline, polymyxin B, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) against a collection of highly resistant clinical S. maltophilia isolates. For this purpose, the MICs of cefiderocol, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, minocycline, polymyxin B, and TMP-SMZ for 37 S. maltophilia isolates not susceptible to levofloxacin and/or TMP-SMZ were determined. Nine strains with various cefiderocol MICs were then tested in time-kill experiments with cefiderocol alone and in combination with comparators. The only agents for which susceptibility rates exceeded 40% were cefiderocol (100%) and minocycline (97.3%). Cefiderocol displayed the lowest MIC50 and MIC90 values (0.125 and 0.5 mg/liter, respectively). In time-kill experiments, synergy was observed when cefiderocol was combined with levofloxacin, minocycline, polymyxin B, or TMP-SMZ against 4/9 (44.4%), 6/9 (66.7%), 5/9 (55.5%), and 6/9 (66.7%) isolates, respectively. These data suggest that cefiderocol displays potent in vitro activity against S. maltophilia, including strains resistant to currently preferred agents. Future dynamic and in vivo studies of cefiderocol alone and in combination are warranted to further define cefiderocol's synergistic capabilities and its place in therapy for S. maltophilia infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Biagi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Vialichka
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M Jurkovic
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - T Wu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Shajee
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M Lee
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - S Patel
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - R E Mendes
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA
| | - E Wenzler
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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12
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Galli GM, Griss LG, Boiago MM, Petrolli TG, Glombowsky P, Bissacotti BF, Copetti PM, da Silva AD, Schetinger MR, Sareta L, Mendes RE, Mesadri J, Wagner R, Gundel S, Ourique AF, Da Silva AS. Effects of curcumin and yucca extract addition in feed of broilers on microorganism control (anticoccidial and antibacterial), health, performance and meat quality. Res Vet Sci 2020; 132:156-166. [PMID: 32590223 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether curcumin and yucca extract addition in broiler feed improves growth, health, and meat quality, and to measure coccidiostatic and antimicrobial activity so as to enable replacement of conventional performance enhancers. We used 240 birds in four treatments: CN, basal feed with antibiotics and coccidiostatic drugs; CU, feed with 100 mg/kg of curcumin; YE, feed with 250 mg/kg of yucca extract; and CU + YE, feed with the combination of 100 mg curcumin/kg and 250 mg yucca extract/kg. A significant reduction in oocysts was observed in birds supplemented with combined additives (CU + YE) at days 37 compared to other treatments and at 42 days in relation to the CU treatment. At 42 days, the total bacterial counts for the CN and CU treatments were lower than the others. Birds fed the additive had lower numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and heterophils than did those in the CN treatment. The highest levels of antioxidants in meat were observed in the treatments with the additives, together with lower levels of lipid peroxidation compared to the CN. The lowest protein oxidation was observed in the CU + YE treatment in relation to the other treatments. Lower total levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) were observed in the CU treatment than in the CN. There were lower levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the meat of birds in the YE treatment in relation to the others. Higher levels of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were observed in birds that consumed curcumin, individually and in combination with yucca extract. Taken together, the data suggest that curcumin and yucca extract are additives that can potentially replace conventional growth promoters; they improved bird health. Changes in the fatty acid profile of meat (increase in the percentage of omegas) are beneficial to the health of the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Galli
- Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiz G Griss
- Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcel M Boiago
- Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Tiago G Petrolli
- Animal Health and Production Graduate Program, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Xanxerê, SC, Brazil
| | - Patricia Glombowsky
- Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Bianca F Bissacotti
- Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Priscila M Copetti
- Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Aniélen D da Silva
- Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maria R Schetinger
- Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Laércio Sareta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instítuto Federal Catarinense, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instítuto Federal Catarinense, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mesadri
- Department of Food Technology and Science, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Roger Wagner
- Department of Food Technology and Science, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Samanta Gundel
- Health Science, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Aline F Ourique
- Health Science, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
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13
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Jaguezeski AM, Glombowsky P, Galli GM, da Rosa G, Araújo DN, Campigotto G, Horn VW, Sareta L, Mendes RE, Da Silva AS. Daily consumption of a homeopathic product decreases intestinal damage and stool bacterial counts in mice challenged with Escherichia coli. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104269. [PMID: 32439564 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a bacterium normally found in the gastrointestinal tract of domestic animals that can usually control the infection. Nevertheless, some factors (high exposure, stress conditions, animal category, among others) can favor the exacerbation of E. coli infection and cause of disease. Because it is a zoonotic bacterium, it is important to control the infection, avoiding contamination of home interiors in the case of pets. There are various forms of treatment for E. coli; nevertheless, there are few options for prevention. In the present study, we evaluated homeopathy. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether administration of a prophylactic homeopathic in water would minimize the negative effects of E. coli infection, as well as reducing bacterial counts in the feces of a experimental model. Forty mice were divided into four experimental groups (n = 10/group). Groups NC (negative control) and PC (positive control) were not treated; in group T1, the animals received 0.002 mL/day/animal of the homeopathic in water, and animals in group T2 0.004 mL/day/animal. The experiment lasted 54 days, and on the 31st day, mice of T1, T2 and PC groups were infected orally a 0.2 mL inoculum of 1.5 × 108 CFU of E. coli. Euthanasia and sample collection were performed on the 40th and 54th days of the experiment (n = 5/group/time point). Blood, liver, spleen, intestine, and feces samples were collected from the final portion of the intestine. There was no significant difference in animal weight between groups at the end of the experiment. Neutrophil count was lower in PC group animals on day 40, while on day 54, the counts were lower in T2 and PC. Lymphocyte counts were lower only in the PC group than in the NC group on day 54. Globulins were lower in the NC and PC groups than in T1 and T2 on day 40, remaining lower the PC group and higher in T1 on day 54; levels of immunoglobulin IgG and IgM were higher in groups T1 and T2, which differed from PC and NC. TNF-α levels were higher in the T1 and T2 groups at 40 and 54 days. INF-γ levels were higher in T1, T2, and PC compared to NC on day 40, remaining higher than NC in groups T1 and T2 on day 54. Total bacterial count, total coliforms and E. coli counts were lower in group T1 and higher in NC and PC on days 40 and 54, when they were lower for T1 and T2. Histologically, no lesions were observed in extra-intestinal tissues; however the height of intestinal crypts in the PC group was smaller than the others on day 40. On day 54, villi and crypts of all infected groups were larger in T1 and T2 than in NC; sizes in the PC group were higher than those of all other groups. These data suggest that the homeopathic agent in the drinking water improved health of the mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonise M Jaguezeski
- Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Patricia Glombowsky
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Galli
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Gilneia da Rosa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Denise N Araújo
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Campigotto
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Vitor W Horn
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Laércio Sareta
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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14
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Fortuoso BF, Galli GM, Griss LG, Armanini EH, Silva AD, Fracasso M, Mostardeiro V, Morsch VM, Lopes LQS, Santos RCV, Gris A, Mendes RE, Boiago MM, Da Silva AS. Effects of glycerol monolaurate on growth and physiology of chicks consuming diet containing fumonisin. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104261. [PMID: 32422333 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Glycerol monolaurate (GML) is composed of lauric acid and glycerol. Research has shown that such organic acids can minimize negative effects caused by mycotoxins. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether adding GML (free or encapsulated) to chick feed minimizes the effects of natural contamination by fumonisin (Fusarium verticillioides), evaluating parameters such as biochemistry, antioxidant properties, histological analysis and chick growth. Were weighed 84 chicks of the Cobb 500 strain and randomly distributed them into six groups of two replicates each (n = 14). The F group consumed feed containing fumonisin (levels 400 ppb), with no performance enhancer; F + ZB- feed with fumonisin (levels 400 ppb) + zinc bacitracin; F + GLM100 - feed with fumonisin (levels 400 ppb) + 100 mg of GML/kg of feed; F + NGLM4 - feed with fumonisin (levels 400 ppb) + 4 mg GML/kg in nanocapsules added to the feed; F + NGLM8 - fumonisin feed (levels 400 ppb) + 8 mg GML/kg in nanocapsules in the feed; and F0 - fumonisin-free feed (negative control) + zinc bacitracin. The body weights of birds fed with feed fumonisin-contaminated feed (F, F + ZB, F + GLM100, F + NGLM4 and F + NGLM8) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of the negative control (F0), despite the use of GML (free and nanoencapsulated). Serum levels of triglycerides, globulins and cholesterol were significantly lower in the F0 group than in the other groups (P < 0.05), except for the F + NGLM8 group. Significantly greater levels of lipid peroxidation were observed in livers in the groups that consumed fumonisin than in the control group (F0) (P < 0.05). Serum levels of reactive oxygen species were significantly lower in groups F + NGLM8 and F0 than in the other treatments (P < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly greater in groups F + NGLM8 and F0 than in groups F, F + ZB and F + NGLM4. Hepatic catalase activity was significantly lower in birds that consumed contaminated feed (F, F + ZB, F + GLM100, F + NGLM4 and F + NGLM8) than in the control group (F0). Greater hepatic glutathione S-transferase activity was observed in the F + NGLM8 group than in the F0 group. Despite changes in cellular lesions in the liver, no histological changes were observed in the liver or intestines, even though visually there was yellowing of the liver. Taken together, the data suggest that free or nano-encapsulated GML did not minimize oxidative stress caused by fumonisin, and consequently, these birds had less weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno F Fortuoso
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz G Griss
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | | | - Anielen D Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemical Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Mateus Fracasso
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemical Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vitor Mostardeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemical Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemical Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anderson Gris
- Veterinary Medicine Course, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concordia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Medicine Course, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concordia, Brazil
| | - Marcel M Boiago
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, Brazil.
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15
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Sousa MCS, Galli GM, Alba DF, Griss LG, Gebert RR, Souza CF, Baldissera MD, Gloria EM, Mendes RE, Zanelato GO, Gris A, Boiago MM, Stefani LM, da Silva AS. Pathogenetic effects of feed intake containing of fumonisin (Fusarium verticillioides) in early broiler chicks and consequences on weight gain. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104247. [PMID: 32437833 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is often responsible for contamination of poultry feed with the mycotoxin fumonisin. The objective of the study was to determine whether fumonisin-contaminated feed in the early phase of broiler chicks causes oxidative imbalances and interferes with weight gain. One-day-old male Cobb 500 broiler chicks (n = 80) were divided into four treatments of 20 birds each, all of which were fed basal feed until the 11th day of age. From day 12, some birds were challenged with fumonisin in the feed: Control (T0) continued receiving the basal ration; treatments T1, T2, and T3 were given feed experimentally contaminated with fumonisin at concentrations of 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm and 10 ppm, respectively. After the 5th (day 17) and 10th (day 21) days, ten birds from each treatment were euthanized for blood and tissue collection to measure histopathological, biochemical and oxidative stress markers. All animals were weighed individually at the beginning of the experiment (day 12), and at 17 and 21 days of age. Birds that ingested 10 ppm of fumonisin (T3) had lower (P < 0.05) weight gain compared to those in T0. At 21 days, the body weights of the T1, T2 and T3 chicks were 1.3%, 8.97% and 18.7% lower, respectively, than those of T0. No histological lesions in the livers were observed for any treatment; however, higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS: day 21) and lipoperoxidation (LPO: days 17 and 21) were observed, associated with lower liver activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD: day 21), glutathione peroxidase (GPx: day 17 and 21) and glutathione S-transferase (GST: day 21) when birds consumed 5 or 10 ppm of fumonisin. In serum, LPO levels and SOD and GPx activities were lower for groups consuming high doses of fumonisin in the diet (T2 and T3); ROS levels and GST activity were higher in these birds. Birds that consumed fumonisin-containing diets had lower levels of alanine aminotransferase, total protein and albumin (T3); as well as lower serum glucose levels (days 17 and 21), uric acid and triglycerides (day 21) in T3 than in T0. At 21 days, there were smaller crypt sizes and intestinal villi in birds that consumed high levels of fumonisin. These results suggest that fumonisin (10 ppm) in chick diet causes hepatic oxidative stress and impairs intestinal health, consequently negatively affecting weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela C S Sousa
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Galli
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Davi F Alba
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Griss
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Roger R Gebert
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Graduate Program of Toxiciological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Gloria
- Department of Science and Agroindustrial Technology, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concordia, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson Gris
- Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concordia, Brazil
| | - Marcel M Boiago
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil.
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil; Graduate Program of Toxiciological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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16
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Sousa MCS, Galli GM, Bottari NB, Alba DF, Leal KW, Lopes TF, Druzian L, Schetinger MRC, Gloria EM, Mendes RE, Stefani LM, Da Silva AS. Fumonisin-(Fusarium verticillioides)-contaminated feed causes hepatic oxidative stress and negatively affects broiler performance in the early stage: Does supplementation with açai flour residues (Euterpe oleracea) minimize these problems? Microb Pathog 2020; 146:104237. [PMID: 32387391 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is often responsible for contamination of poultry feed with the mycotoxin fumonisin. The aim of this study was to determine whether oxidative stress caused by intake of fumonisin-contaminated feed affects broiler performance at an early stage of development, as well as to test whether the addition of açai residue flour to contaminated feed would minimize these negative effects of redox metabolism. Birds were divided into four groups, with four repetitions of five animals each: control (TC) - birds that received basal feed; TCA treatment - basal feed supplemented with 2% açai flour; TF treatment - feed experimentally contaminated with fumonisin (10 ppm); TFA treatment - fumonisin-contaminated feed (10 ppm) and supplemented with açai fluor (2%). The experiment lasted 20 days, that is, the first 20 days of the chicks' lives. At the end of the experiment, the birds were weighed, and blood, intestine and liver samples were collected. The TCA and TFA had greater body weights and weight gain than did TF. Further, TCA and TFA had lower feed conversion than did TF. Açai flour intake (TCA and TFA) stimulated albumin synthesis and reduced serum AST activity. Nitrate/nitrite (NOx) levels were higher in serum of fumonisin-challenged (TF) birds than in groups; NOx levels were also higher in the livers of all test groups (TF, TCA and TFA) than in TC. Serum glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was lower in fumonisin-consuming groups (TF and TFA); this was different from what occurred in the liver, that is, higher GST activity in TF and lower activity in TFA than in TC. Catalase activity (CAT) was also higher in the fumonisin-challenged groups (TF and TFA) and the groups supplemented with açai flour (TCA) than in TC. Serum reactive species (RS) and TBARS (lipid peroxidation) levels in the liver were lower in birds supplemented with açai flour and exposed to fumonisin. These data suggest that the addition of açai flour in the feed of early chickens improves animal performance and minimizes the effects of hepatic oxidative stress in birds fed fumonisin-contaminated feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela C S Sousa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Galli
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Davi F Alba
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil
| | - Karoline W Leal
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil
| | - Thalison F Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Letícia Druzian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil.
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17
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Buffoni L, Piva MM, Baska P, Januszkiewicz K, Norbury LJ, Prior KC, Dezen D, Silva AS, Wedrychowicz H, Mendes RE. Immunization with the recombinant myosin regulatory light chain (FhrMRLC) in Adjuplex® adjuvant elicits a Th1-biased immune response and a reduction of parasite burden in Fasciola hepatica infected rats. Parasitol Int 2019; 75:102037. [PMID: 31841659 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the immune response and the protective efficacy elicited by the vaccination with the recombinant Fasciola hepatica myosin regulatory light chain (FhrMRLC) in Adjuplex® adjuvant against the infection with F. hepatica in rats. Four groups of 15 animals each were used for the study, one group was immunized with the recombinant F. hepatica MRLC in Adjuplex® adjuvant and the other groups remained as adjuvant, positive and negative control groups. The parasitological study showed that a statistically significant reduction of 65.1% and 82.1% in fluke burden and fecal egg count, respectively, was detected in vaccinated animals. In addition, vaccination with FhrMRLC induced a well-defined humoral and cellular immune response characterized by a significant production of specific IgG and IL-2, IL-12, TNF-α and IFN-γ; which confirms the immunogenic capacity of the FhrMRLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Buffoni
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz km 376, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - M M Piva
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil
| | - P Baska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), 8 Ciszewkiego, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Januszkiewicz
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L J Norbury
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia
| | - K C Prior
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil
| | - D Dezen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil
| | - A S Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Sete de Setembro 77D, Chapecó, SC 89806-152, Brazil
| | - H Wedrychowicz
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil
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da Rosa G, Alba DF, Silva AD, Gris A, Mendes RE, Mostardeiro VB, Lopes TF, Schetinger MRC, Stefani LM, Lopes MT, Boiago MM, da Silva AS. Impact of Escherichia coli infection in broiler breeder chicks: The effect of oxidative stress on weight gain. Microb Pathog 2019; 139:103861. [PMID: 31715322 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether oxidative stress occurs in Escherichia coli-infected broiler breeder chicks, as well as the impact of this infection on bird growth. Twenty birds, 25-day-old female birds were divided into two groups (n = 10 per group): an intraperitoneally-infected group (1 mL containing 1.5 × 108 CFU of E. coli) and a control group that received 1 mL of culture medium (uninfected birds). Birds were weighed individually at the beginning and at the end of the experiment, and samples were collected on days 0, 5 and 10 post-infection (PI). No clinical signs were observed throughout the experimental period; nevertheless, on day 10 PI, there was lower growth and weight gain in infected birds than in the control group. The infected birds showed pericarditis and liver congestion, as well as moderate periportal inflammatory infiltrates with predominance of neutrophils. Significantly higher numbers of total leukocytes, lymphocytes, heterophils and monocytes were observed in the infected group on days 5 and 10 PI, as well as significantly higher total protein and globulin levels; albumin values significantly decreased over the same period. Levels of serum oxidative biomarkers (lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and free radicals (ROS)) were significantly higher at 10 PI, as was glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity during the same period. Hepatic ROS and protein thiol levels were significantly higher in E. coli-infected birds, as well as activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase. In the spleen, only GST activity was significantly higher for the infected group, unlike the brain, where SOD activity, ROS and non-protein thiol levels were significantly higher in infected birds than in the control group. These data suggested that colibacillosis causes oxidative stress in broiler breeder chicks, negatively affecting their weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilneia da Rosa
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Davi Fernando Alba
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Anielen D Silva
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Anderson Gris
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Vitor B Mostardeiro
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thalison F Lopes
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Marcel Manente Boiago
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Deshpande LM, Castanheira M, Flamm RK, Mendes RE. Evolving oxazolidinone resistance mechanisms in a worldwide collection of enterococcal clinical isolates: results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:2314-2322. [PMID: 29878213 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the oxazolidinone resistance mechanisms among a global collection of enterococcal clinical isolates. The epidemiology of optrA-carrying isolates and the optrA genetic context were determined. Methods Enterococcal isolates (26 648) from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2008-16) were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and MICs were determined by broth microdilution. Isolates with linezolid MICs of ≥4 mg/L were screened for resistance mechanisms. Isolates carrying optrA had their genome sequenced for genetic context and epidemiology information. Results Thirty-six Enterococcus faecalis and 66 Enterococcus faecium had linezolid MICs of ≥4 mg/L (0.38% of surveillance enterococci). E. faecalis had a linezolid MIC range of 4-16 mg/L, while E. faecium displayed higher values (4-64 mg/L). Nine E. faecalis had G2576T mutations and optrA was detected in 26 (72.2%) isolates from the Asia-Pacific region, North America, Latin America and Europe; 3 isolates also produced Cfr [Thailand (1)] or Cfr(B) [Panama (2)]. All E. faecium isolates had G2576T alterations, while three isolates from the USA had concomitant presence of cfr(B). The optrA gene was plasmid- and chromosome-located in 22 and 3 E. faecalis, respectively. One isolate signalled hybridization on plasmid and chromosome. The genetic context of optrA varied. E. faecalis belonging to the same clonal complex were detected in distinct geographical regions. Also, genetically distinct isolates from Ireland had an identical optrA context, indicating plasmid dissemination. Conclusions Alterations in 23S rRNA remained the main oxazolidinone resistance mechanism in E. faecium, while optrA prevailed in E. faecalis. These results demonstrate global dissemination of optrA and warrant surveillance for monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R K Flamm
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA
| | - R E Mendes
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA
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20
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Griss LG, Galli GM, Fracasso M, Silva AD, Fortuoso B, Schetinger MRC, Morch VM, Boiago MM, Gris A, Mendes RE, Baldissera MD, Stefani LM, da Silva AS. Oxidative stress linked to changes of cholinesterase and adenosine deaminase activities in experimentally infected chicken chicks with Eimeria spp. Parasitol Int 2019; 71:11-17. [PMID: 30849474 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Both oxidative stress and alterations in adenosinergic and cholinergic systems participate in initiation and progression of parasitic infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the involvement of these pathways during eimeriosis remains poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of adenosinergic and cholinergic systems in regulation of inflammatory response and oxidative stress in chicken chicks experimentally infected with Eimeria spp. Two groups were formed for comparison at 3 time points (days 5, 10 and 15) of infection (PI): uninfected (control) and infected. Erythrocyte counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels were lower in infected chicks on day 15 post-infection (PI). Total leukocytes, heterophil and lymphocyte counts were higher in infected chicks on days 5 and 10 PI, while eosinophil counts were higher only on day 10 PI. Serum levels of total protein and globulins were higher in infected chicks on days 10 and 15 PI, while triglycerides and cholesterol levels were lower on day 15 PI. Acetylcholinesterase activity in total blood and butyrylcholinesterase activity in serum were higher in infected chicks on day 15 PI, while adenosine deaminase activity was higher on day 10 PI and lower on day 15 PI compared with the respective control. Finally, serum levels of reactive oxygen species and catalase activity in total blood were higher in infected chicks on day 15 PI, while superoxide dismutase activity in total blood was lower at the same time of infection. These data suggest that cholinergic and adenosinergic systems display a pro-inflammatory profile that contributes to impairment of immune and inflammatory responses in a mixed Eimeria infection. Furthermore, oxidative stress may contribute to clinical signs of disease as well as to pathogenesis. In summary, the impairment of immune response and alterations in blood antioxidant/oxidant status contributes to disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo Griss
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus Fracasso
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Anielen D Silva
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno Fortuoso
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morch
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcel M Boiago
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Anderson Gris
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program of Animal Science, UDESC, Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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21
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do Carmo GM, de Sá MF, Grando TH, Gressler LT, Baldissera MD, Monteiro SG, Henker LC, Mendes RE, Stefani LM, Da Silva AS. Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) and pentostatin (deoxycoformycin) against Trypanosoma cruzi. Exp Parasitol 2019; 199:47-51. [PMID: 30825499 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the efficacy of cordycepin and pentostatin (alone or combined) against Trypanosoma cruzi, as well as the therapeutic efficiency of protocols of cordycepin and pentostatin combinations in mice experimentally infected with T. cruzi. In vitro, the cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) and pentostatin (deoxycoformycin) exerted potent trypanocidal effect against T. cruzi (Colombian strain), similarly to benznidazole, which is the reference drug. For epimastigotes, the lethal dose of cordycepin capable of killing 50% (LD50) and 20% (LD20) of the parasites was 0.072 and 0.031 mg/mL, respectively and for trypomastigotes was 0.047 and 0.015 mg/mL, respectively. The combined use of cordycepin and pentostatin resulted in a LD50 and LD20 for epimastigotes of 0.068 and 0.027 mg/mL, respectively, as well as 0.056 and 0.018 mg/mL for trypomastigotes, respectively. In vivo, the combined use of cordycepin and pentostatin did not show the expected curative effect, however it was able to control the parasitema in the peak period. In summary, the combination of cordycepin and pentostatin showed no curative effect in mice infected by T. cruzi, despite the in vitro reduction of epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M do Carmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariângela F de Sá
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thirssa H Grando
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Instituto Federal Farroupilha (IFFar), campus Frederico Westphalen, Brazil
| | - Lucas T Gressler
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luan C Henker
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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22
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Descovi SN, Zanella R, Prestes OD, de Matos AF, da Silva AS, Baldisserotto B, Gris A, Mendes RE. Disturbance of energetic homeostasis and oxidative damage provoked by trichlorfon as relevant toxicological mechanisms using silver catfish as experimental model. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 299:94-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Otte MV, Moreira F, Bianchi I, Oliveira J, Mendes RE, Haas CS, Anciuti AN, Rovani MT, Gasperin BG, Lucia T. Effects of supplying omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to gilts after weaning on metabolism and ovarian gene expression. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:374-384. [PMID: 30371788 PMCID: PMC6313109 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 PUFA may benefit sow reproductive performance, but effects on weaned gilts are unknown. This study evaluated the effects of supplementing omega-3 PUFA to gilts after weaning on growth, metabolic markers, and gene expression of steroidogenic enzymes and hormone receptors. For 52 d, gilts in the control group were fed 100 g/d of regular diets, whereas gilts in the omega-3 group were fed 75 g/d of such diets plus 25 g/d of the microalgae Schizochytium sp. (3.5 g/d of omega-3 PUFA; n = 8 gilts/group). Blood samples were collected at day 0, day 21, and day 52. Total serum cholesterol levels were lower for the omega-3 group than for the control group (P < 0.05), but high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were reduced at day 52 for both groups (P < 0.05). Gilts in the omega-3 group presented lower feed intake, better feed conversion, and less-intense immunolabeling for leptin and its receptor in the cytoplasm of oocytes included in primordial/primary follicles than gilts in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of genes coding for cholesterol side-chain cleavage and aromatase enzymes and the LH receptor in follicular cells was lower for supplemented gilts (P < 0.05). Compared with controls, supplemented gilts presented decreased serum cholesterol levels and better feed conversion, but leptin presence and gene expression for steroidogenic enzymes and for the LH receptor were lower at ovarian level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Otte
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ivan Bianchi
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Araquari, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristina S Haas
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Andreia N Anciuti
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bernardo G Gasperin
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Thomaz Lucia
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
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Reis JH, Gebert RR, Barreta M, Baldissera MD, dos Santos ID, Wagner R, Campigotto G, Jaguezeski AM, Gris A, de Lima JL, Mendes RE, Fracasso M, Boiago MM, Stefani LM, dos Santos DS, Robazza WS, Da Silva AS. Effects of phytogenic feed additive based on thymol, carvacrol and cinnamic aldehyde on body weight, blood parameters and environmental bacteria in broilers chickens. Microb Pathog 2018; 125:168-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Nishihira VSK, Fontana BD, Ianiski FR, de Almeida HS, Posser CP, Dias JB, Parodi CB, Piva MM, Gris A, Mendes RE, Duarte MMMF, Sagrillo MR, Luchese C, Rech VC, Vaucher RA. PEGylated meloxicam-loaded nanocapsules reverse in vitro damage on caspase activity and do not induce toxicity in cultured human lymphocytes and mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1259-1267. [PMID: 30257340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Meloxicam is an anti-inflammatory drug that has a potential protective effect in many common diseases. However, this molecule is quickly eliminated from the body due to it short half-life. One way to overcome this problem is to incorporate meloxicam into lipid-core nanocapsules which may increase it anti-inflammatory effects. In view of this, the objective of this work was to evaluate the potential toxicity and safety of these novel nanomaterials both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we evaluated the effects of uncoated meloxicam-loaded nanocapsules (M-NC), uncoated and not loaded with meloxicam or blank (B-NC), PEGylated meloxicam-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (M-NCPEG), blank PEGylated lipid-core nanocapsules (B-NCPEG) and free meloxicam (M-F) in vitro through the analysis of cell viability, caspase activity assays and gene expression of perforin and granzyme B. Meanwhile, the in vivo safety was assessed using C57BL/6 mice that received nanocapsules for seven days. Thus, no change in cell viability was observed after treatments. Furthermore, M-NC, M-NCPEG and M-F groups reversed the damage caused by H2O2 on caspase-1, 3 and 8 activities. Overall, in vivo results showed a safe profile of these nanocapsules including hematological, biochemical, histological and genotoxicity analysis. In conclusion, we observed that meloxicam nanocapsules present a safe profile to use in future studies with this experimental protocol and partially reverse in vitro damage caused by H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian S K Nishihira
- Laboratório de Nanociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, CEP 97010-032, RS, Brazil
| | - Barbara D Fontana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Francine R Ianiski
- Fundação Educacional Machado de Assis, Santa Rosa, CEP 98780-109, RS, Brazil
| | - Hemilaine S de Almeida
- Laboratório de Cultura Celular, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, CEP 97010-032, RS, Brazil
| | - Christopher P Posser
- Laboratório de Cultura Celular, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, CEP 97010-032, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane B Dias
- Laboratório de Nanociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, CEP 97010-032, RS, Brazil
| | - Crystian B Parodi
- Laboratório de Nanociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, CEP 97010-032, RS, Brazil
| | - Manoela M Piva
- Bloco de Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, CEP 89700-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Anderson Gris
- Bloco de Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, CEP 89700-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Bloco de Patologia Veterinária, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, CEP 89700-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Marta M M F Duarte
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Luterana, Canoas, CEP 92425-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele R Sagrillo
- Laboratório de Nanociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, CEP 97010-032, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Cultura Celular, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, CEP 97010-032, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biopropecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Virginia C Rech
- Laboratório de Nanociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, CEP 97010-032, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo A Vaucher
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biopropecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular de Micro-organismos (LaPeBBioM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Jaguezeski AM, Baldissera MD, Rhoden LA, Gomes TMA, Mendes RE, Bottari NB, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC, Stefani LM, Giongo JL, Vaucher RA, Da Silva AS. Listeria monocytogenes impairs enzymes of the phosphotransfer network and alters antioxidant/oxidant status in cattle brain structures. Microb Pathog 2018; 124:284-290. [PMID: 30142467 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Several evidences have suggested the involvement of enzymes belonging to the phosphotransfer network, formed by creatine kinase (CK), pyruvate kinase (PK) and adenylate kinase (AK), as well the oxidative stress on the pathogenesis of infectious diseases associated with the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether listeriosis alters the brain energy metabolism and/or causes oxidative stress in different brain structures of cattle experimentally infected by Listeria monocytogenes. The cytosolic CK activity was inhibited in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, brainstem and hippocampus of infected animals compared to uninfected animals, while the mitochondrial CK activity was increased. The PK activity was inhibited in all brain structures of infected animals, while the AK activity was unchanged. Na+, K+-ATPase activity decreased in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of animals infected by L. monocytogenes. Regarding the oxidative strees variables, the cerebellum and brainstem of infected animals showed increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, while the catalase activity was inhibited. Glutathione S-transferarase was inhibited in the cerebral cortex and brainstem of infected animals, and it was increased in the cerebellum. L. monocytogenes was quantified in the liver (n = 5/5) and cerebral cortex (n = 4/5) of the infected cattle. Based on these evidences, the nucleocytoplasmic communication between CK isoenzymes was insufficient to avoid an impairment of cerebral bioenergetics. Moreover, the inhibition on brain PK activity caused an impairment in the communication between sites of ATP generation and ATP utilization. The lipid peroxidation and alteration on antioxidant status observed in some brain structures were also involved during the disease. In summary, these alterations contribute to disease pathogenesis linked to CNS during cattle listeriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonise M Jaguezeski
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro A Rhoden
- Laboratory of Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Teane M A Gomes
- Laboratory of Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Janice L Giongo
- Pharmacy Laboratory, Faculdade Anhanguera, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Vaucher
- Laboratory of Biochemistry Research and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBiOM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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27
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Borin DB, Mezzomo NJ, Vaucher RA, Carmo GDO, Rodrigues Junior LC, Sulczewski FB, Schwertz CI, Mendes RE, Damiani AP, Andrade VMDE, Rech VC, Boeck CR. Production, characterization and toxicology assay of creatine pegylated nanoliposome with polysorbate 80 for brain delivery. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 90:2317-2329. [PMID: 29694498 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatine acts intracellularly as energy buffer and storage, demonstrating protective effects in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. However, its permeability throught blood-brain barrier (BBB) is reduced. The aim of the present study was developing a carrier to facilitate the delivery of creatine to the central nervous system. Creatine nanoliposomes were produced, characterized and assayed in models of toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Particles showed negative zeta potential (-12,5 mV), polydispersity index 0.237 and medium-size of 105 nm, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Toxicity assay in vitro was evaluated with blank liposomes (no drug) or creatine nanoliposomes at concentrations of 0.02 and 0.2 mg/mL, that did not influence the viability of Vero cells. The result. of the comet assay that the nanoliposomes are not genotoxic, togeher with cell viability demonstrated that the nanoliposomes are not toxic. Besides, in vivo assays not demonstrate toxicity in hematological and biochemical markers of young rats. Nevertheless, increase content of creatine in the cerebral cortex tissue after subchronic treatment was observed. Altogether, results indicate increase permeability of creatine to the BBB that could be used as assay for in vivo studies to confirm improved effect than free creatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego B Borin
- Centro Universitário Franciscano, Rua dos Andradas, 1614, Centro, 97010-032 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathana J Mezzomo
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Vaucher
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Centro, 96010-610 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme DO Carmo
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz C Rodrigues Junior
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando B Sulczewski
- Centro Universitário Franciscano, Rua dos Andradas, 1614, Centro, 97010-032 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Claiton I Schwertz
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Rodovia SC 283, s/n, Vila Fragosos, 89700-000 Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Rodovia SC 283, s/n, Vila Fragosos, 89700-000 Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Adriani P Damiani
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105, Universitário, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M DE Andrade
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105, Universitário, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Virgínia C Rech
- Centro Universitário Franciscano, Rua dos Andradas, 1614, Centro, 97010-032 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carina R Boeck
- Centro Universitário Franciscano, Rua dos Andradas, 1614, Centro, 97010-032 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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28
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do Carmo GM, de Sá MF, Baldissera MD, Grando TH, Mendes RE, Cardoso VV, Casali EA, Moritz CEJ, Monteiro SG, Da Silva AS. Nucleotide and nucleoside involvement in immunomodulation in experimental Chagas disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 447:203-208. [PMID: 29404886 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Trypanosma cruzi infections cause alterations in the levels of seric purines, which could contribute to host immunomodulation. Twelve mice were divided into two groups identified as control (uninfected) and infected (T. cruzi) groups. The influence of the disease on seric purine levels was verified on day 20 post-infection (PI) by HPLC. Infected mice had circulating trypomastigotes during the experiment, as well as amastigote forms in the heart associated with inflammatory infiltrates. Increases on adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine (ADO), inosine (INO), and uric acid (URIC) levels were observed in the infected animals, while the adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and xanthine (XAN) levels were reduced compared with mice of the control group, indicating a possible impairment on the purinergic system, and consequently, on the immune system during the clinical course of the disease. In summary, the T. cruzi infection alters the seric purine levels, and consequently, modulates the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M do Carmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariângela F de Sá
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thirssa H Grando
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Valesca V Cardoso
- Department of Morphological Science, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Mutagenesis and Toxicology Laboratory, Methodist University Center (IPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Emerson A Casali
- Department of Morphological Science, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cesar Eduardo J Moritz
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. .,Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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29
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Doleski PH, Leal DBR, Machado VS, Bottari NB, Manzoni AG, Casali EA, Moritz CEJ, Rocha ACA, Camillo G, Vogel FF, Stefani LM, Mendes RE, da Silva AS. Diphenyl diselenide modulates nucleotidases, reducing inflammatory responses in the liver of Toxoplasma gondii-infected mice. Purinergic Signal 2017; 13:489-496. [PMID: 28815408 PMCID: PMC5714838 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the effect of diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2 on hepatic nucleotidases and on the concentration of purines in mice infected by Toxoplasma gondii. The animals were divided into four groups: Group A (uninfected), Group B (uninfected and treated with (PhSe)2), Group C (infected), and Group D (infected and treated with (PhSe)2). The inoculation (groups C and D) was performed with 50 cysts of T. gondii (ME-49 strain). Mice from groups B and D were treated with 5 μmol kg-1 of (PhSe)2. Liver tissue from infected mice showed less severe inflammation, elevated ATP/ADO ratio, elevated NTPDase, 5'nucleotidase, and ADA activities compared to the uninfected group (Group A; P < 0.05). However, infected and treated mice showed decreased ATP levels and elevated ADO levels, as well as higher NTPDase and 5'nucleotidase activities and decreased ADA activity in the hepatic tissue compared to the infected group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the (PhSe)2 treatment of infected mice reduced the hepatic inflammation and showed an immunomodulatory effect on ectonucleotidases of hepatic lymphocytes, which it returned to basal levels. Therefore, chronic infection by T. gondii induces hepatic inflammation in mice, and it is possible that purine levels and nucleotidase activities in hepatic tissue are related to the pathogenesis of the infection in this tissue. The treatment with (PhSe)2 was able to reverse the hepatic inflammation in mice chronically infected, possibly due to the modulation of purinergic enzymes that produce an anti-inflammatory profile through the purinergic system in the liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Doleski
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vanessa S Machado
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Alessandra G Manzoni
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Emerson A Casali
- Department of Morphological Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cesar E J Moritz
- Department of Morphological Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Program of Medical Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana C A Rocha
- Department of Morphological Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Giovana Camillo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Vogel
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro Schafer da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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30
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Carmo GM, Monteiro SG, Mendes RE, Stefani LM, da Silva AS. Relation between acetylcholinesterase and Na +, K +-ATPase activities with impaired memory of mice experimentally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. Microb Pathog 2017; 111:75-80. [PMID: 28823791 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and causes severe cardiac and brain damage, leading to behavioral alterations in humans and animals. However, the mechanisms involved in memory impairment during T. cruzi infection remain unknown. It has long been recognized that the enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Na+, K+-ATPase are linked with memory dysfunction during other trypanosomiasis. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of cerebral AChE and Na+, K+-ATPase activities in the memory impairment during T. cruzi (Colombian strain) infection. A significant decrease on latency time during the inhibitory avoidance task was observed in animals infected by T. cruzi compared to uninfected animals, findings compatible to memory dysfunction. Moreover, the cerebral AChE activity increased, while the Na+, K+-ATPase decreased in T. cruzi infected compared to uninfected animals. Histopathology revealed mild to moderate multifocal gliosis in the cerebral cortex and light focal meningeal lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, which may have contributed to memory loss. Based on these evidences, we can conclude that T. cruzi (Colombian strain) causes memory impairment in mice experimentally infected. Moreover, the changes in AChE and Na+, K+-ATPase activities may be considered a mechanism involved in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Carmo
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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Martirosov DM, Bidell MR, Pai MP, Scheetz MH, Rosenkranz SL, Faragon C, Malik M, Mendes RE, Jones RN, McNutt LA, Lodise TP. Relationship between day 1 and day 2 Vancomycin area under the curve values and emergence of heterogeneous Vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) by Etest® macromethod among patients with MRSA bloodstream infections: a pilot study. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:534. [PMID: 28764660 PMCID: PMC5540561 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro data suggests that suboptimal initial vancomycin exposure may select for heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) infections. However, no clinical studies have evaluated the relationship between initial vancomycin exposure and emergence of hVISA. This pilot study seeks to assess the relationship between day 1 and day 2 vancomycin area under the curve (AUC) and emergence of hVISA bloodstream infections (BSIs) by Etest® macromethod among patients with a non-hVISA BSI at baseline. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) BSIs at Albany Medical Center Hospital (AMCH) between January 2005 and June 2009. The vancomycin AUC exposure variables on day 1 (AUC0-24h) and day 2 (AUC24-48h) were estimated using the maximal a posteriori probability (MAP) procedure in ADAPT 5. RESULTS There were 238 unique episodes of MRSA BSIs during the study period, 119 of which met inclusion criteria. Overall, hVISA emerged in 7/119 (5.9%) of patients. All 7 cases of hVISA involved patients who did not achieve area under the curve over broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC0-24h/MICBMD) ratio of 521 or an AUC24-48h/MICBMD ratio of 650. No associations between other day 1 and day 2 AUC variables and emergence of hVISA were noted. CONCLUSIONS Although more data are needed to draw definitive conclusions, these findings suggest that hVISA emergence among patients with non-hVISA MRSA BSIs at baseline may be partially explained by suboptimal exposure to vancomycin in the first 1 to 2 days of therapy. At a minimum, these findings support further study of the relationship between initial vancomycin exposure and hVISA emergence among patients with MRSA BSIs in a well-powered, multi-center, prospective trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monique R Bidell
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12208-3492, USA
| | - Manjunath P Pai
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12208-3492, USA
| | - Marc H Scheetz
- Midwestern University Chicago College of Pharmacy, Downers Grove, IL, USA.,Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Corey Faragon
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12208-3492, USA
| | - M Malik
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12208-3492, USA
| | - R E Mendes
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA
| | - R N Jones
- JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA
| | | | - Thomas P Lodise
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12208-3492, USA.
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Silva AD, Bottari NB, do Carmo GM, Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Machado VS, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC, Mendes RE, Monteiro SG, Da Silva AS. Chagas disease: modulation of the inflammatory response by acetylcholinesterase in hematological cells and brain tissue. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 438:59-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Doleski PH, Ten Caten MV, Passos DF, Castilhos LG, Leal DBR, Machado VS, Bottari NB, Vogel FF, Mendes RE, da Silva AS. Toxoplasmosis treatment with diphenyl diselenide in infected mice modulates the activity of purinergic enzymes and reduces inflammation in spleen. Exp Parasitol 2017; 181:7-13. [PMID: 28710007 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular protozoan, may cause chronic infection in the brain tissue of the host inducing a systemic pro-inflammatory profile. Chronic infections can induce numerous physiological changes, such as alterations in the immune and oxidative profiles. Diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2, an organoselenium compound, has shown antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities in recent studies. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the activity of purinergic enzymes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in serum and spleen of mice chronically infected by T. gondii, untreated and treated with (PhSe)2. For this experiment, were divided into four groups: Group A (healthy mice), Group B (healthy mice treated with (PhSe)2), Group C (infected mice) and Group D (infected mice treated with (PhSe)2). Group C and group D were infected via oral route with ME49 Toxoplasma gondii strain. Groups B and D were treated subcutaneously with 5 μmol kg-1 of (PhSe)2. Chronic T. gondii infection induced splenomegaly and physiological changes in the spleen and raised histologic inflammatory markers, ROS levels and the activity of purinergic enzymes activity such as NTPDase, 5´nucleotidase and ADA. In serum, the infection increased 5´nucleotidase and ADA activities. (PhSe)2per se has managed to decrease ROS levels and ADA activity and increase NTPDase and 5´nucleotidase in spleen. In infected mice, treatment with (PhSe)2 reversed splenomegaly, reduced histological inflammatory markers, ROS levels and ADA activity in the spleen. Our results prove that chronic toxoplasmosis can induce splenomegaly, heightens ROS levels and purinergic enzyme activity in mice. These results suggest that (PhSe)2 is a potential therapy for the alterations found in the spleen in chronic T. gondii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Doleski
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Maura V Ten Caten
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Daniela F Passos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Lívia G Castilhos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Vanessa S Machado
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Vogel
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | | | - Aleksandro Schafer da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brazil.
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34
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Fávero JF, Da Silva AS, Campigotto G, Machado G, Daniel de Barros L, Garcia JL, Vogel FF, Mendes RE, Stefani LM. Risk factors for Neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle and their possible cause-effect relation for disease. Microb Pathog 2017; 110:202-207. [PMID: 28666842 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum causes reproductive problems in cattle such as abortion, premature birth, retention of fetal membranes, and metritis. Therefore, this study aimed to verify possible risk factors for N. caninum infection in dairy cattle and their cause-effect relation to neosporosis. Serum samples of 1518 dairy cows from the West of Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for N. caninum, where 466 were found to be positives (30.69%-CI95%; 28.3-33.0). In addition, an epidemiological survey was conducted in order to verify possible risk factors for neosporosis and their relation to the disease. The presence of dogs in the farm was strongly associated with IFA positive results for N. caninum, and lack of history for neosporosis in the farm increased the chances of positivity in 66%. It was found a significant cause-effect relation between the occurrence of reproductive problems and the presence of antibodies against N. caninum (p = 0.05). It is possible to conclude that N. caninum is widely distributed in dairy farms of the Western part of Santa Catarina state, Brazil, and that the occurrence of reproductive problems is directly related to the disease with the presence of dogs as a risk factor for N. caninum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juscivete F Fávero
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Campigotto
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Gustavo Machado
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Luiz Daniel de Barros
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná (PR), Brazil
| | - João Luis Garcia
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná (PR), Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Vogel
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil
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da Silva AS, Baldissera MD, Bottari NB, Doleski PH, Carmo GM, Schwertz CI, Lucca NJ, Henker LC, Piva MM, Giacomin P, Stefani LM, Leal DB, Machado G, Mendes RE. Ectonucleotidase and adenosine deaminase as inflammatory marker in dairy cows naturally infected by Dictyocaulus viviparus. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 51:9-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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do Carmo GM, Doleski PH, de Sá MF, Grando TH, Bottari NB, Leal DBR, Gressler LT, Mendes RE, Stefani LM, Monteiro SG, Da Silva AS. Purinergic ecto-enzymes participate in the thromboregulation in acute in mice infection by Trypanosoma cruzi. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 432:1-6. [PMID: 28285362 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Coagulation disorders have been described in Chagas disease with thrombocytopenia as an important event. Several mechanisms may be related to this pathogenesis, such as enzymes of the purinergic system, purine, and receptors involved in the regulation and modulation of physiological events related to hemostasis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the activities of E-NTPDase, E-5'nucleotidase, and ecto-adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) in platelets of mice experimentally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. Twelve female mice were used, divided into two groups (n = 6): uninfected and infected. Mice of infected group were intraperitoneally inoculated with 104 trypomastigotes of T. cruzi (strain Y). On day 12 post-infection (PI), blood samples were collected for quantitation and separation of platelets. A significant reduction in the number of platelets of infected mice (P < 0.05) was observed. The activities of E-NTPDase (ATP and ADP substrates), E-5'nucleotidase, and E-ADA in platelets increased significantly (P < 0.05) in mice infected by T. cruzi compared with uninfected animals. A negative correlation (P < 0.01)was observed between the number of platelets and ATP hydrolysis (r = -0.64), and ADP hydrolysis (r = -0.69) by E-NTPDase. Therefore, there is a response from the purinergic system activating ecto-enzymes in platelets of mice T. cruzi infected, as a compensatory effect of thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M do Carmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Doleski
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariângela F de Sá
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thirssa H Grando
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas T Gressler
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil. .,Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil.
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Henker LC, Schwertz CI, Lucca NJ, Piva MM, Giacomin P, Gris A, Rhoden LA, Norbury LJ, da Silva AS, da Rosa RA, Mendes RE. Dictyocaulosis in dairy cows in Brazil: an epidemiological, clinical-pathological and therapeutic approach. Acta Parasitol 2017; 62:129-132. [PMID: 28030345 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2017-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of severe parasitic pneumonia caused by Dictyocaulus viviparus was diagnosed in adult dairy cows in the municipality of Arabutã, Southern Brazil. The total morbidity in the herd was 71.9%, and the morbidity amongst adult lactating cattle was 100%. The main clinical signs observed were dyspnea, tachypnea, nasal discharge, decreased milk production, and cough. A necropsy was conducted on one animal in order to establish the diagnosis. The herd had been treated previously with levamisole; however, clinical signs persisted and became worse. After treatment with eprinomectin the severity of clinical signs decreased, and the respiratory condition subsequently disappeared. It is believed that the high morbidity presented in this outbreak is related to epidemiological factors, such as increased rainfall in 2014 and 2015, associated with low immunity of the herd. This is the first report of dictyocaulosis in adult dairy cattle in Brazil. Furthermore, it describes an outbreak presenting very high morbidity.
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Fracasso M, Da Silva AS, Baldissera MD, Bottari NB, Gabriel ME, Piva MM, Stedille FA, Christ R, Rhoden LA, Henker LC, Moresch VM, Schetinger MRC, Mendes RE. Activities of ectonucleotidases and adenosine deaminase in platelets of cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica. Exp Parasitol 2017; 176:16-20. [PMID: 28242355 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic activities of NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (ADA) are important in regulating the concentration of adenine nucleotides, molecules known to be involved on platelet aggregation. Fasciolosis causes coagulation disorders that have not been completely elucidated. Taking into consideration the association between the purinergic system and hemostasis, this study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic activities of NTPDase (hydrolyze ATP and ADP), 5'-nucleotidase (hydrolyze AMP) and ADA (deamination of adenosine) in platelets from cattle experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica on days 20, 40, 60 and 80 post-infection (PI). For this study, 10 healthy Friesian steers were separated into two groups: the group A (n = 5) was used as uninfected control, and the group B was composed of steers experimentally infected by F. hepatica (n = 5). The number of platelets did not differ between groups in the periods evaluated. Reduction of NTPDase (p < 0.05) hydrolysing ATP (days 20, 40 and 60 PI), and ADP (days 40, 60 and 80 PI), and on 5'-nucleotidase hydrolyzing AMP (days 40 and 60 PI) was observed. A reduction (p < 0.05) in ADA activity on day 20 PI, as well as an increase (p < 0.05) in ADA activity on days 40 and 60 PI was observed when compared to the control. Based on these results, we can conclude that ATP, ADP and AMP hydrolysis and adenosine deamination were altered in platelets of cattle infected by F. hepatica. Considering the importance of the purinergic system in hemostasis, it is believed that those changes may contribute to the coagulation impairment observed in acute fasciolosis described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Fracasso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus E Gabriel
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Manoela M Piva
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A Stedille
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Christ
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Leandro A Rhoden
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Luan C Henker
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Vera M Moresch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil.
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Schwertz CI, Henker LC, Mendes RE. Comments on eurytrematosis in Brazil and the possibility of human infection. World J Exp Med 2017; 7:40-41. [PMID: 28261554 PMCID: PMC5316903 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v7.i1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The manuscript “Eurytrematosis: An emerging and neglected disease in South Brazil” discusses some aspects of Eurytrema sp. fluke as an animal pathogen and based in some aspects of the parasitism in cattle and the life cycle of Eurytrema sp. Authors suggest the possibility of human infection, once there is no research on this subject in Brazil. In human cases reported, the mechanism of infection was not disclosed, so it keeps the discussion opened. Although we focused on animal eurytrematosis, we speculated the possibility of human infection by Eurytrema sp. in Brazil, but after all, the only way to determine it, would be a study searching for people infected through coprological or serological tests.
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Grosskopf HM, Schwertz CI, Machado G, Bottari NB, da Silva ES, Gabriel ME, Lucca NJ, Alves MS, Schetinger MRC, Morsch VM, Mendes RE, da Silva AS. Cattle naturally infected by Eurytrema coelomaticum: Relation between adenosine deaminase activity and zinc levels. Res Vet Sci 2016; 110:79-84. [PMID: 28159241 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA) is critical for modulating the immune system, and in the presence of zinc, its activity is catalyzed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ADA activity in pancreas of cattle naturally infected by Eurytrema coelomaticum in relation to the results of zinc levels, pathological findings and parasite load. For this study 51 slaughtered cattle were used. The animals were divided into two groups: Group A consisting of animals naturally infected by E. coelomaticum (n=33) and Group B of uninfected animals (n=18). Blood and pancreas were collected of each animal for analysis of zinc and ADA, respectively. Infected cattle showed a reduction on seric levels of zinc, and decreased ADA activity in the pancreas (P>0.05). A positive correlation between zinc levels and ADA activity was observed. Thus, high parasite load and severity of histopathologic lesions affect the ADA activity in pancreas, as well as the zinc levels in serum of infected animals (negative correlation between these variables). Therefore, we can conclude that cattle infected by E. coelomaticum have low ADA activity in pancreas, which can be directly related to zinc reduction, responsible for ADA activation and catalyzes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyolanda M Grosskopf
- Departamento of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Claiton I Schwertz
- Veterinary School, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ester S da Silva
- Veterinary School, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Mateus E Gabriel
- Veterinary School, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Neuber J Lucca
- Veterinary School, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana S Alves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Vera M Morsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary School, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil.
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Departamento of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Fávero JF, Schwertz CI, Doleski PH, Leal DB, Machado G, Manzoni AG, da Silva ES, Gabriel ME, Stedille FA, Christ R, Stefani LM, Mendes RE, da Silva AS. NTPDase and 5′-nucleotidase as inflammatory markers in cattle naturally infected by Eurytrema coelomaticum. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 48:48-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Baldissera MD, Souza CDF, Bertoncheli CM, Silveira KLD, Grando TH, Porto BCZ, Leal DBR, Silva ASD, Mendes RE, Stefani LM, Monteiro SG. Oxidative Stress in the Heart of Rats Infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Korean J Parasitol 2016; 54:247-52. [PMID: 27417077 PMCID: PMC4977782 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2016.54.3.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of oxidative stress in the heart tissue of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Rats were divided into 2 groups (A and B) with 12 animals each, and further subdivided into 4 subgroups (A1 and A2, 6 animals/each; and B1 and B2, 6 animals/each). Animals in the groups B1 and B2 were subcutaneously inoculated with T. evansi. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), glutathione S-transferase activity (GST), reduced glutathione activity (GSH), and non-protein thiols (NPSH) in the heart tissue were evaluated. At day 5 and 15 post-infection (PI), an increase in the TBARS levels and a decrease in the SOD activity (P<0.05) were observed. GSH and GST activities were decreased in infected animals at day 15 PI (P<0.05). Considering the proper functioning of the heart, it is possible that the changes in the activity of these enzymes involved in the oxidative stress may be related, at least in part, in the pathophysiology of rats infected with T. evansi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine de F Souza
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia M Bertoncheli
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine L da Silveira
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thirssa H Grando
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Z Porto
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Section of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Bottari NB, Mendes RE, Baldissera MD, Bochi GV, Moresco RN, Leal ML, Morsch VM, Schetinger MR, Christ R, Gheller L, Marques ÉJ, Da Silva AS. Relation between iron metabolism and antioxidants enzymes and δ-ALA-D activity in rats experimentally infected by Fasciola hepatica. Exp Parasitol 2016; 165:58-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Schwertz CI, Gabriel ME, Henker LC, Bottari NB, Carmo GD, Guarda NDS, Moresco RN, Machado G, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC, Stedille FA, Baska P, Mattei V, da Silva AS, Mendes RE. Oxidative stress associated with pathological changes in the pancreas of cattle naturally infected by Eurytrema coelomaticum. Vet Parasitol 2016; 223:102-10. [PMID: 27198785 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although Eurytrema coelomaticum is considered a parasite with low pathogenicity, it may be associated with mortality and loss of productive performance in animals due to chronic pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of oxidative stress caused by E. coelomaticum in naturally infected cattle, correlating the biochemical findings with the parasite load and histopathological changes. For this study, blood and pancreas samples from 51 cattle were collected, and levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were measured in the serum and pancreas, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was measured in total blood. Parasite burden was determined opening the pancreatic ducts, and then fragments of pancreas were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin and routinely processed for histopathology. From the 51 collected pancreas, 33 (63.5%) were parasitized. The average parasite burden per pancreas was 532 (12-2,578). TBARS and FRAP showed higher levels in serum and pancreas of infected animals (p<0.05), with a positive correlation between the histopathological changes and the number of parasites. SOD level in blood was 42% higher in parasitized group compared with control group (p<0.05), as well as AOPP in serum. Based on these results, we concluded that in natural infection by E. coelomaticum in cattle, oxidative stress occurs, characterized by the occurrence of protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and activation of antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claiton I Schwertz
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil
| | - Mateus E Gabriel
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil
| | - Luan C Henker
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme do Carmo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Naiara Dos S Guarda
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael N Moresco
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Machado
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A Stedille
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil
| | - Piotr Baska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), 8 Ciszewkiego, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vanessa Mattei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luís de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Sete de Setembro 77D, Chapecó, SC 89806-152, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Rod. SC 283, km 08, CP 58, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil.
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Schwertz CI, do Carmo GM, Bottari NB, da Silva ES, Gabriel ME, Lucca NJ, Guarda NDS, Moresco RN, Machado G, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC, Stefani LM, Mendes RE, Da Silva AS. Relationship Between Pathological Findings and Cholinesterase Activity and Nitric Oxide Levels in Cattle Infected Naturally by Eurytrema coelomaticum. J Comp Pathol 2016; 154:150-6. [PMID: 26929158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (in the serum and pancreas), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (in the whole blood and pancreas) and nitric oxide (NO) (in the serum and pancreas) in cattle infected naturally by Eurytrema coelomaticum. Fifty-one cattle were studied, including 33 infected by E. coelomaticum and 18 uninfected animals. Significantly greater AChE activity was found in the pancreas of infected animals (P <0.01); however, these cattle had lower AChE activity in whole blood. BChE activity was greater in the sera of infected animals (P = 0.05), but was less in pancreatic samples. NO levels were significantly higher in the sera (P <0.05) and pancreas (P <0.001) of infected cattle compared with uninfected animals. A positive correlation was found between AChE activity in the pancreas and parasite load, but there was negative correlation between pancreatic BChE activity and parasitic load. Expression of AChE, BChE and NO is therefore linked to the inflammation caused by E. coelomaticum in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Schwertz
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - G M do Carmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brazil
| | - N B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brazil
| | - E S da Silva
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - M E Gabriel
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - N J Lucca
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - N dos S Guarda
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - R N Moresco
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - G Machado
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - V M Morsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brazil
| | | | - L M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - R E Mendes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - A S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Brazil.
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Dalla Rosa L, Da Silva AS, Oliveira CB, Gressler LT, Arnold CB, Baldissera MD, Sagrillo M, Sangoi M, Moresco R, Mendes RE, Weiss PE, Miletti LC, Monteiro SG. Dose finding of 3′deoxyadenosine and deoxycoformycin for the treatment of Trypanosoma evansi infection: An effective and nontoxic dose. Microb Pathog 2015; 85:21-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Baldissera MD, Rech VC, Da Silva AS, Nishihira VS, Ianiski FR, Gressler LT, Grando TH, Vaucher RA, Schwertz CI, Mendes RE, Monteiro SG. Relationship between behavioral alterations and activities of adenylate kinase and creatine kinase in brain of rats infected by Trypanosoma evansi. Exp Parasitol 2015; 151-152:96-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Do Carmo GM, Baldissera MD, Vaucher RA, Rech VC, Oliveira CB, Sagrillo MR, Boligon AA, Athayde ML, Alves MP, França RT, Lopes STA, Schwertz CI, Mendes RE, Monteiro SG, Da Silva AS. Effect of the treatment with Achyrocline satureioides (free and nanocapsules essential oil) and diminazene aceturate on hematological and biochemical parameters in rats infected by Trypanosoma evansi. Exp Parasitol 2014; 149:39-46. [PMID: 25499512 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the effect of the treatment with A. satureioides essential oil (free and nanoencapsulated forms) and diminazene aceturate on hematological and biochemical variables in rats infected by Trypanosoma evansi. The 56 rats were divided into seven groups with eight rats each. Groups A, C and D were composed by uninfected animals, and groups B, E, F and G were formed by infected rats with T. evansi. Rats from groups A and B were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Rats from the groups C and E were treated with A. satureioides essential oil, and groups D and F were treated with A. satureioides nanoencapsulated essential oil. Groups C, D, E and F received one dose of oil (1.5 mL kg(-1)) during five consecutive days orally. Group G was treated with diminazene aceturate (D.A.) in therapeutic dose (3.5 mg kg(-1)) in an only dose. The blood samples were collected on day 5 PI for analyses of hematological (erythrocytes and leukocytes count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, mean corpuscular and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) and biochemical (glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, urea and creatinine) variables. A. satureioides administered was able to maintain low parasitemia, mainly the nanoencapsulated form, on 5 days post infection. On the infected animals with T. evansi treated with A. satureioides essential oil (free and nanocapsules) the number of total leucocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes present was similar to uninfected rats, and different from infected and not-treated animals (leukocytosis). Treatment with A. satureioides in free form elevated levels of ALT and AST, demonstrating liver damage; however, treatment with nanoencapsulated form did not cause elevation of these enzymes. Finally, treatments inhibited the increase in creatinine levels caused by infection for T. evansi. In summary, the nanoencapsulated form showed better activity on the trypanosome; it did not cause liver toxicity and prevented renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M Do Carmo
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell Culture, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo A Vaucher
- Laboratory of Cell Culture, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Virginia Cielo Rech
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila B Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Aline A Boligon
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Margareth L Athayde
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marta P Alves
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claiton I Schwertz
- Section of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Section of Veterinary Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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Machado V, Da Silva AS, Schafer AS, Aires AR, Tonin AA, Oliveira CB, Hermes CL, Almeida TC, Moresco RN, Stefani LM, Lopes ST, Mendes RE, Schwertz CI, Leal ML. Relationship between oxidative stress and pathological findings in abomasum of infected lambs by Haemonchus contortus. Pathol Res Pract 2014; 210:812-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lodise TP, Drusano GL, Lazariu V, El-Fawal N, Evans A, Graffunder E, Stellrecht K, Mendes RE, Jones RN, Cosler L, McNutt LA. Quantifying the matrix of relationships between reduced vancomycin susceptibility phenotypes and outcomes among patients with MRSA bloodstream infections treated with vancomycin . J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:2547-55. [PMID: 24840624 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several phenotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus have been identified as aetiological factors responsible for adverse outcomes among patients receiving vancomycin. However, characterization of the outcomes associated with these reduced vancomycin susceptibility phenotypes (rVSPs) remains largely incomplete and it is unknown if these features contribute to deleterious treatment outcomes alone or in concert. This study described the interrelationship between rVSPs and assessed their individual and combined effects on outcomes among patients who received vancomycin for a methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infection. METHODS An observational study of adult, hospitalized patients with MRSA bloodstream infections who were treated with vancomycin between January 2005 and June 2009 was performed. The rVSPs evaluated included the following: (i) Etest MIC; (ii) broth microdilution MIC; (iii) MBC : MIC ratio; and (iv) heteroresistance to vancomycin by the Etest macromethod. Failure was defined as any of the following: (i) 30 day mortality; (ii) bacteraemia ≥ 7 days on therapy; or (iii) recurrence of MRSA bacteraemia within 60 days of therapy discontinuation. RESULTS During the study period, 184 cases met the study criteria and 41.3% met the failure criteria. There was a clear linear exposure-response relationship between the number of these phenotypic markers and outcomes. As the number of phenotypes escalated, the incidence of overall failure increased incrementally by 10%-18%. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that rVSPs contribute to deleterious treatment outcomes in concert.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Lodise
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 106 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, USA
| | - G L Drusano
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 6550 Sanger Road, Lake Nona, FL, USA
| | - V Lazariu
- University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, 5 University Place, A217, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - N El-Fawal
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 106 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, USA
| | - A Evans
- Albany Medical Center Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 43 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, USA
| | - E Graffunder
- Albany Medical Center Hospital, Department of Epidemiology, 43 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, USA
| | - K Stellrecht
- Albany Medical Center Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 43 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, USA
| | - R E Mendes
- JMI Laboratories, 345 Beaver Kreek Ctr, Ste A, North Liberty, IA, USA
| | - R N Jones
- JMI Laboratories, 345 Beaver Kreek Ctr, Ste A, North Liberty, IA, USA
| | - L Cosler
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 6550 Sanger Road, Lake Nona, FL, USA
| | - L A McNutt
- University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, 5 University Place, A217, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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