Novel 2,4- diaminopyrimidine 5-carboxamides as c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitors for Treating the Liver Fibrotic Disorder

Diaminopyrimidine compounds having the following general structure (I), compositions comprising an effective amount of a diaminopyrimidine compound, and methods for treating or preventing fibrotic liver disorders or other diseases associated with the JNK pathway are discussed in this patent study.

A novel bicyclic 2,4-diaminopyrimidine inhibitor of Streptococcus suis dihydrofolate reductase

Streptococcus suis is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen of pigs and an emerging zoonotic pathogen. It has become increasingly resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. New drug candidates and knowledge of their targets are needed to combat antibiotic-resistant S. suis. In this study, the open-source Pathogen Box compound library was screened. Thirty hits that effectively inhibited S. suis growth at 10 µM were identified. Among the most potent hits, MMV675968 (a diaminoquinazoline analog) was shown to target S. suis dihydrofolate reductase (SsDHFR) via (1) growth inhibition of an E. coli surrogate whose growth is dependent on exogenously expressed SsDHFR and (2) inhibition of in vitro SsDHFR activity. Thymidine supplement is able to reverse growth inhibition by MMV675968 in both E. coli surrogate and S. suis, indicating that a thymidine-related pathway is a major target of MMV675968. Comparison of MMV675968 with seven DHFR inhibitors representing different core structures revealed that bicyclic 2,4-diaminopyrimidines with long and flexible side chains are highly effective in inhibiting SsDHFR and S. suis growth. MMV675968 and related compounds thus may serve as starting points for developing antibiotics against drug resistant S. suis.

Synthesis and evaluation of a series of 4-azaindole-containing p21-activated kinase-1 inhibitors

A series of 4-azaindole-containing p21-activated kinase-1 (PAK1) inhibitors was prepared with the goal of improving physicochemical properties relative to an indole starting point. Indole 1 represented an attractive, non-basic scaffold with good PAK1 affinity and cellular potency but was compromised by high lipophilicity (clogD=4.4). Azaindole 5 was designed as an indole surrogate with the goal of lowering logD and resulted in equipotent PAK1 inhibition with a 2-fold improvement in cellular potency over 1. Structure-activity relationship studies around 5 identified additional 4-azaindole analogs with superior PAK1 biochemical activity (Ki <10nM) and up to 24-fold selectivity for group I over group II PAKs. Compounds from this series showed enhanced permeability, improved aqueous solubility, and lower plasma protein binding over indole 1. The improvement in physicochemical properties translated to a 20-fold decrease in unbound clearance in mouse PK studies for azaindole 5 relative to indole 1.

Novel bis-ortho-alkoxy-para-piperazinesubstituted-2,4-dianilinopyrimidines (KRCA-0008) as potent and selective ALK inhibitors for anticancer treatment

The synthesis of bis-ortho-alkoxy-para-piperazinesubstituted-2,4-dianilinopyrimidines is described and their structure-activity-relationship to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is presented. KRCA-0008 is selective and potent to ALK and Ack1, and displays drug-like properties without hERG liability. KRCA-0008 demonstrates in vivo efficacy comparable to Crizotinib in xenograft mice model.