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Huang C, Jiang Z, Liu F, Li W, Liang Q, Zhao Z, Ge X, Song K, Zheng L, Zhou X, Qiao S, Zhang W, Zheng W. Oxygen Vacancies Boosted Hydronium Intercalation: A Paradigm Shift in Aluminum-based Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202405592. [PMID: 38647330 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
In aqueous aluminum-ion batteries(AAIBs), the insertion/extraction chemistry of Al3+ often leads to poor kinetics, whereas the rapid diffusion kinetics of hydrated hydrogen ions (H3O+) may offer the solution. However, the presence of considerable Al3+ in the electrolyte hinders the insertion reaction of H3O+. Herein, we report how oxygen-deficient α-MoO3 nanosheets unlock selective H3O+ insertion in a mild aluminum-ion electrolyte. The abundant oxygen defects impede the insertion of Al3+ due to excessively strong adsorption, while allowing H3O+ to be inserted/diffused through the Grotthuss proton conduction mechanism. This research advances our understanding of the mechanism behind selective H3O+ insertion in mild electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxiang Huang
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Qianjin street 2699, Changchun, 130012, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, 130012, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Fuxi Liu
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Qianjin Street 2699, 130012, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Wenwen Li
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Qianjin Street 2699, 130012, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Qing Liang
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, CHINA
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Xin Ge
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Qianjin street 2699, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Kexin Song
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHINA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Sifan Qiao
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, CHINA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qianjin Street No. 2699, 130012, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Weitao Zheng
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science & Engineering, CHINA
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2
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Harnvanichvech Y, Borassi C, Daghma DES, van der Kooij HM, Sprakel J, Weijers D. An elastic proteinaceous envelope encapsulates the early Arabidopsis embryo. Development 2023; 150:dev201943. [PMID: 37869985 PMCID: PMC10651100 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant external surfaces are often covered by barriers that control the exchange of molecules, protect from pathogens and offer mechanical integrity. A key question is when and how such surface barriers are generated. Post-embryonic surfaces have well-studied barriers, including the cuticle, and it has been previously shown that the late Arabidopsis thaliana embryo is protected by an endosperm-derived sheath deposited onto a primordial cuticle. Here, we show that both cuticle and sheath are preceded by another structure during the earliest stages of embryogenesis. This structure, which we named the embryonic envelope, is tightly wrapped around the embryonic surface but can be physically detached by cell wall digestion. We show that this structure is composed primarily of extensin and arabinogalactan O-glycoproteins and lipids, which appear to form a dense and elastic crosslinked embryonic envelope. The envelope forms in cuticle-deficient mutants and in a mutant that lacks endosperm. This embryo-derived envelope is therefore distinct from previously described cuticle and sheath structures. We propose that it acts as an expandable diffusion barrier, as well as a means to mechanically confine the embryo to maintain its tensegrity during early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosapol Harnvanichvech
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Diaa Eldin S. Daghma
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne M. van der Kooij
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Sprakel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Dolf Weijers
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
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Suresh K, Zeisler-Diehl VV, Wojciechowski T, Schreiber L. Comparing anatomy, chemical composition, and water permeability of suberized organs in five plant species: wax makes the difference. Planta 2022; 256:60. [PMID: 35988126 PMCID: PMC9393130 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of suberized plant/environment interfaces as transpiration barriers is not established by the suberin polymer but by the wax molecules sorbed to the suberin polymer. Suberized cell walls formed as barriers at the plant/soil or plant/atmosphere interface in various plant organs (soil-grown roots, aerial roots, tubers, and bark) were enzymatically isolated from five different plant species (Clivia miniata, Monstera deliciosa, Solanum tuberosum, Manihot esculenta, and Malus domestica). Anatomy, chemical composition and efficiency as transpiration barriers (water loss in m s-1) of the different suberized cell wall samples were quantified. Results clearly indicated that there was no correlation between barrier properties of the suberized interfaces and the number of suberized cell layers, the amount of soluble wax and the amounts of suberin. Suberized interfaces of C. miniata roots, M. esculenta roots, and M. domestica bark periderms formed poor or hardly any transpiration barrier. Permeances varying between 1.1 and 5.1 × 10-8 m s-1 were very close to the permeance of water (7.4 × 10-8 m s-1) evaporating from a water/atmosphere interface. Suberized interfaces of aerial roots of M. deliciosa and tubers of S. tuberosum formed reasonable transpiration barriers with permeances varying between 7.4 × 10-10 and 4.2 × 10-9 m s-1, which were similar to the upper range of permeances measured with isolated cuticles (about 10-9 m s-1). Upon wax extraction, permeances of M. deliciosa and S. tuberosum increased nearly tenfold, which proves the importance of wax establishing a transpiration barrier. Finally, highly opposite results obtained with M. esculenta and S. tuberosum periderms are discussed in relation to their agronomical importance for postharvest losses and tuber storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Suresh
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, Department of Ecophysiology, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Viktoria V Zeisler-Diehl
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, Department of Ecophysiology, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Lukas Schreiber
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, Department of Ecophysiology, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Teirlinck E, Fraire J, Van Acker H, Wille J, Swimberghe R, Brans T, Xiong R, Meire M, De Moor R, De Smedt S, Coenye T, Braeckmans K. Laser-induced vapor nanobubbles improve diffusion in biofilms of antimicrobial agents for wound care. Biofilm 2019; 1:100004. [PMID: 33447791 PMCID: PMC7798460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2019.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Being responsible for delayed wound healing, the presence of biofilms in infected wounds leads to chronic, and difficult to treat infections. One of the reasons why antimicrobial treatment often fails to cure biofilm infections is the reduced penetration rate of antibiotics through dense biofilms. Strategies that have the ability to somehow interfere with the integrity of biofilms and allowing a better penetration of drugs are highly sought after. A promising new approach is the use of laser-induced vapor nanobubbles (VNB), of which it was recently demonstrated that it can substantially enhance the penetration of antibiotics into biofilms, resulting in a marked improvement of the killing efficiency. In this study, we examined if treatment of biofilms with laser-induced vapor nanobubbles (VNB) can enhance the potency of antimicrobials which are commonly used to treat wound infections, including povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium bromide and mupirocin. Our investigations were performed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, which are often implicated in chronic wound infections. Pre-treatment of biofilms with laser-induced VNB did enhance the killing efficiency of those antimicrobials which experience a diffusion barrier in the biofilms, while this was not the case for those compounds for which there is no diffusion barrier. The magnitude of the enhanced potency was in most cases similar to the enhancement that was obtained when the biofilms were completely disrupted by vortexing and sonication. These results show that laser-induced VNB are indeed a very efficient way to enhance drug penetration deep into biofilms, and pave the way towards clinical translation of this novel approach for treatment of wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Teirlinck
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - J.C. Fraire
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - H. Van Acker
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - J. Wille
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - R. Swimberghe
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Endodontology, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - T. Brans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - R. Xiong
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - M. Meire
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Endodontology, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - R.J.G. De Moor
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Endodontology, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - S.C. De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - T. Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - K. Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- IEMN UMR 8520, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, 59652, France
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules UMR 8523, Villeneuve d’Ascq, 59655, France
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5
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Chen S, Huang S, Hu J, Fan S, Shang Y, Pam ME, Li X, Wang Y, Xu T, Shi Y, Yang HY. Boosting Sodium Storage of Fe 1-xS/MoS 2 Composite via Heterointerface Engineering. Nanomicro Lett 2019; 11:80. [PMID: 34138042 PMCID: PMC7770956 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0311-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Improving the cycling stability of metal sulfide-based anode materials at high rate is of great significance for advanced sodium ion batteries. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics is a big obstacle for the development of high-performance sodium storage electrodes. Herein, we have rationally engineered the heterointerface by designing the Fe1-xS/MoS2 heterostructure with abundant "ion reservoir" to endow the electrode with excellent cycling stability and rate capability, which is proved by a series of in and ex situ electrochemical investigations. Density functional theory calculations further reveal that the heterointerface greatly decreases sodium ion diffusion barrier and facilitates charge-transfer kinetics. Our present findings not only provide a deep analysis on the correlation between the structure and performance, but also draw inspiration for rational heterointerface engineering toward the next-generation high-performance energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Chen
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Shaozhuan Huang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Junping Hu
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Shuang Fan
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Yang Shang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Mei Er Pam
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Shi
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Ying Yang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore.
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Hsu MC, Alfadhel A, Forouzandeh F, Borkholder D. Biocompatible Magnetic Nanocomposite Microcapsules as Microfluidic One-way Diffusion Blocking Valves with Ultra-low Opening Pressure. Mater Des 2018; 150:86-93. [PMID: 30364560 PMCID: PMC6197471 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A one-of-a-kind biocompatible magnetic nanocomposite microcapsule is developed as an in-line passive valve that can be integrated with micropumps and microfluidics. The magnetic nanocomposites act as the core for building a valve that utilizes the magnetic force attraction for sealing the microfluidic channels. The nanocomposites, molded with commercial microtubings, are prepared by incorporating Fe3O4 nanoparticles into polyethylene-glycol (PEG). Parylene-C provides a flexible, biocompatible shell and moisture barrier for the microcapsule that enables deformation and sealing to the microfluidic channel wall. The highly customizable valve design offers easy scalability, and simplicity for integration into microfluidic systems. The presented magnetically-responsive microcapsule demonstrates reliable performance as a passive one-way valve that exhibits unique features and capabilities including effective flow-rectification with steady flows, extremely low leakage flows from backpressures at a rate of 4.7 nL/min kPa-1, successfully block 99.96% of the diffusion, and extremely low inlet flow opening pressure of 2.1 kPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chun Hsu
- Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Alfadhel
- Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Farzad Forouzandeh
- Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - David Borkholder
- Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
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7
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Sanders AAWM, Kennedy J, Blacque OE. Image analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans ciliary transition zone structure, ultrastructure, molecular composition, and function. Methods Cell Biol 2015; 127:323-47. [PMID: 25837399 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The transition zone (TZ) at the ciliary base has emerged as an important regulator of the composition and functions of cilia, which are microtubule-based structures extending from the surfaces of most eukaryotic cells, serving motility, chemo-/mechano-/photosensation and developmental signaling roles. Possessing distinct ultrastructural features such as microtubule-membrane spanning Y-links, the ∼0.2-1.0-μm long TZ is thought to act as a gated cytosolic (size dependent) and membrane diffusion barrier that drives ciliary compartmentalization by preventing unregulated protein exchange between the cilium and the rest of the cell. Multiple proteins associated with ciliary diseases (ciliopathies) such as Meckel-Gruber syndrome (MKS) and nephronophthisis are specifically found in the TZ, and work from a number of model systems, including Chlamydomonas reinharditii, Caenorhabditis elegans and the mouse indicates TZ-gating and associated ciliogenic functions for a number of these proteins. Here we present a suite of assays for probing the structure, function, and molecular composition of the C. elegans TZ, with emphasis on TZ ultrastructure, diffusion barrier kinetics, MKS module assembly hierarchy, and TZ-dependent behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A W M Sanders
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julie Kennedy
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oliver E Blacque
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
The primary cilium is a protrusion from the cell surface that serves as a specialized compartment for signal transduction. Many signaling factors are known to be dynamically concentrated within cilia and to require cilia for their function. Yet protein entry into primary cilia remains poorly understood. To enable a mechanistic analysis of soluble protein entry into cilia, we developed a method for semipermeabilization of mammalian cells in which the plasma membrane is permeabilized while the ciliary membrane remains intact. Using semipermeabilized cells as the basis for an in vitro diffusion-to-capture assay, we uncovered a size-dependent diffusion barrier that restricts soluble protein exchange between the cytosol and the cilium. The manipulability of this in vitro system enabled an extensive characterization of the ciliary diffusion barrier and led us to show that the barrier is mechanistically distinct from those at the axon initial segment and the nuclear pore complex. Because semipermeabilized cells enable a range of experimental perturbations that would not be easily feasible in intact cells, we believe this methodology will provide a unique resource for investigating primary cilium function in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Breslow
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maxence V Nachury
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Amberg M, Rupper P, Storchenegger R, Weder M, Hegemann D. Controlling the release from silver electrodes by titanium adlayers for health monitoring. Nanomedicine 2015; 11:845-53. [PMID: 25652901 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Beside cancer, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of deaths worldwide. For medical diagnosis electrocardiography (ECG) is only a powerful predicting tool if the sensed cardiac cycle involves a high signal to noise ratio and reduced artefacts over a long term. The interface of the electrodes to the biological system is therefore improved with a novel textile system. The textile fiber therein is a 100nm silver-coated yarn to improve the signal quality and the reliability of the ECG signals. Long term diagnosis involves a silver release to the applied tissue surface. It is known, that a high silver release can cause a cytotoxic effect on human cells. To prevent cytotoxicity but still enabling good electrical conductivity accompanied by positive antibacterial properties of silver we developed a nanoscaled TiOx adlayer. The biological and electrical properties of these novel electrode systems are investigated and described in the manuscript. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR The detection of cardiovascular disease using electrocardiography (ECG) usually involves the attachment of electrodes on the skin. In this paper, the authors here described a novel textile system using silver-coated yarn, to provide the interface of the electrodes to the biological system. To prevent sustained high silver release that may lead to cytotoxicity, a nanoscaled TiOx adlayer was developed and added to the novel textile electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Amberg
- Laboratory for Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Patrick Rupper
- Laboratory for Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Storchenegger
- Laboratory for Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Markus Weder
- Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Hegemann
- Laboratory for Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Abstract
Septins are a family of GTP-binding proteins that assemble into cytoskeletal filaments. Unlike other cytoskeletal components, septins form ordered arrays of defined stoichiometry that can polymerize into long filaments and bundle laterally. Septins associate directly with membranes and have been implicated in providing membrane stability and serving as diffusion barriers for membrane proteins. In addition, septins bind other proteins and have been shown to function as multimolecular scaffolds by recruiting components of signaling pathways. Remarkably, septins participate in a spectrum of cellular processes including cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, cell migration, polarity, and cell-pathogen interactions. Given their breadth of functions, it is not surprising that septin abnormalities have also been linked to human diseases. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of septin structure, assembly and function, and discuss these in the context of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Y Y Fung
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lu Dai
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - William S Trimble
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Ganter G, Duquette M, Dunn K. Separation of root nodule cells and identification of tissue-specific genes. Plant Cell Rep 2000; 19:921-925. [PMID: 30754930 DOI: 10.1007/s002990000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The interior tissues of the alfalfa (Medicago sativa) root nodule differ in form and function from the peripheral layers. The interior tissues are specialized for the fixation of nitrogen in cells infected by rhizobia. In contrast, the peripheral nodule tissues perform roles that assist the interior tissues: they provide metabolic support and protect the interior tissues from damaging levels of oxygen. We used a novel microdissection technique to separate these tissue types, allowing immunological and molecular comparison between the nodule interior and periphery. Using differential mRNA display reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction, we compared the mRNA profiles of the separated tissues and identified a transcript specific to the nodule interior, and several peripheral-specific candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ganter
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167, USA e-mail: Fax: +1-617-5522011, , , , , , US
| | - M Duquette
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167, USA e-mail: Fax: +1-617-5522011, , , , , , US
| | - K Dunn
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167, USA e-mail: Fax: +1-617-5522011, , , , , , US
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