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Fraissinet S, Arduini D, Vidal O, Pennetta A, De Benedetto GE, Malitesta C, Giangrande A, Rossi S. Particle uptake by filter-feeding macrofoulers from the Mar Grande of Taranto (Mediterranean Sea, Italy): potential as microplastic pollution bioremediators. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 188:114613. [PMID: 36682304 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are a serious threat to the marine environment affecting ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. There is a vast literature about the uptake of MPs at different trophic levels, mainly focused on ecotoxicological effects in commercially relevant species. Little is still known about possible strategies to face MP pollution. Bioremediation is recently gaining attention in this framework. The clearance rate and particle retention of Sabella spallanzanii, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Phallusia mammillata, Paraleucilla magna at three MP concentrations (C1: 1.4 · 101 p/L; C2: 1.4 · 102 p/L; C3: 1.4 · 103 p/L) were investigated to test their potential as MP remover. Digestion protocol removed 98 % of tissues simplifying the MP quantification. P. magna clearance rate decreased with increasing concentration while P. mammillata showed no significant variations. S. spallanzanii and M. galloprovincialis instead exhibited the highest values of clearance rate. Yet, unlike mussels, S. spallanzanii can inhibit particle return to the surrounding water storing them in the tube, resulting to be the best candidate for bioremediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fraissinet
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DISTEBA), Universita` del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniele Arduini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DISTEBA), Universita` del Salento, Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy.
| | - Olaya Vidal
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DISTEBA), Universita` del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Pennetta
- Laboratorio di Spettrometria di Massa Analitica e Isotopica, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Universita` del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto
- Laboratorio di Spettrometria di Massa Analitica e Isotopica, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Universita` del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Cosimino Malitesta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DISTEBA), Universita` del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Adriana Giangrande
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DISTEBA), Universita` del Salento, Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DISTEBA), Universita` del Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Langner T, Hamedy A, Wellner H, Johne A, Mayer-Scholl A, Birka S. First detection of Trichinella spiralis in raccoon (Procyon lotor) in Germany. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2022; 36:100800. [PMID: 36436907 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Trichinella spp. are foodborne parasites that can cause severe and potentially fatal disease in humans. Infections occur through consumption of meat containing the infectious stage (L1). In Germany the domestic cycle has been eradicated. In wild animals sporadic occurrence is observed in species such as wild boar, red foxes and raccoon dogs. The omnivore raccoon which is an invasive species in Europe is known as a potential host but has not been studied intensely regarding this parasite in Germany until now, thus resulting in a lack of knowledge about its role in the sylvatic cycle. Raccoons from the urban area of Leipzig were investigated for several pathogens including Trichinella spp. in a cooperative project. Muscle samples of 88 individuals were examined using the artificial digestion method (ADM). One animal was found positive, which is the first detection of this parasite in a raccoon in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Langner
- Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene; An den Tierkliniken 1; 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ahmad Hamedy
- Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene; An den Tierkliniken 1; 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heiko Wellner
- Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene; An den Tierkliniken 1; 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annette Johne
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung; FGr 45 - NRL für Trichinella; Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10; 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Mayer-Scholl
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung; FGr 45 - NRL für Trichinella; Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10; 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Birka
- Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene; An den Tierkliniken 1; 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Mercogliano R, Santonicola S, Raimo G, Gasperi M, Colavita G. Extraction and identification of microplastics from mussels: Method development and preliminary results. Ital J Food Saf 2021; 10:9264. [PMID: 33747985 PMCID: PMC7970397 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2021.9264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging threat to marine ecosystems. One of the primary environmental risks is their bioavailability for aquatic organisms. Some fish and bivalves are of particular interest because their feeding strategies expose them to particles present in the water column. The aim of the study was to assess an extraction method in order to isolate and quantify MPs from fish gastrointestinal tract (n.8) and muscle (n.4), and bivalves (n.8) samples. The accuracy of the method was assessed through the calculation of the recovery percentage in samples spiked with a known number of MPs using microscopic observation. Successively, the extraction was preliminarily applied on n.20 mussels collected from mariculture plants of the Tyrrhenian and the Adriatic Sea. The results of the digestion protocol showed an average extraction yield of 80% in fish gastrointestinal tracts, 90% in fish muscle samples, and 95% in mussels. Preliminary analysis carried out on farmed mussels showed an average abundance of 3.8 items/individual, and 0.5 items/g of tissue, among those black, was the most represented color.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Santonicola
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Gennaro Raimo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gasperi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Colavita
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Goffredo E, Azzarito L, Di Taranto P, Mancini ME, Normanno G, Didonna A, Faleo S, Occhiochiuso G, D'Attoli L, Pedarra C, Pinto P, Cammilleri G, Graci S, Sciortino S, Costa A. Prevalence of anisakid parasites in fish collected from Apulia region (Italy) and quantification of nematode larvae in flesh. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 292:159-170. [PMID: 30599456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anisakis spp. and Hysterothylacium spp. are nematodes that commonly parasitize several fish species. Nematode larvae can be recovered in coelomic cavity and viscera, but also in flesh and have an important economic and public health impact. A total of 1144 subjects of wild teleosts, 340 samples of cephalopods and 128 specimens of farmed fish collected from Apulia region were analysed for anisakid larvae detection by visual inspection of coelomic cavity and viscera and by digestion of the flesh. No nematode larvae were found in farmed fish and cephalopod molluscs. All examined wild-caught fish species were parasitized, except for 5 species for each of which only a few subjects belonging to the same batch were sampled, therefore the results are just indicative. A total of 6153 larvae were isolated; among these, 271 larvae were found in the muscular portion. Larvae were identified by morphological method as belonging to the genera Anisakis (97.2%) (type I and type II) and Hysterothylacium (2.8%). Both nematodes could be found in all fish species, except for round sardinella (Sardinella aurita), infected only by Hysterothylacium spp. and for Mediterranean scaldfish (Arnoglossus laterna), little tunny (Euthynnus alleteratus) and chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) infected only with Anisakis spp.. A sample of 185 larvae was sent to the National Reference Centre for Anisakiasis (C.Re.N.A.) of Sicily for identification at the species level: 180 larvae belonged to the species A. pegreffii and 2 larvae to A. physeteris. The remaining 3 larvae were identified at genus level as Hysterothylacium. Statistical indices such as prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance were calculated. Chub mackerel (S. japonicus) was the species with the highest prevalence and mean intensity. Moreover, the average and the median values of larvae per 100 g of edible part for each fish species were determined to estimate the consumer exposure to Anisakis spp.. The obtained values were then recalculated by referring to the edible part of all specimens (infected and non-infected) forming a single parasitized batch, getting more realistic and objective data useful for risk assessment. Our results indicate that the consumption of raw or undercooked wild fish caught off Apulian coasts could result in the acquisition of anisakiasis; on the contrary, farmed fish and cephalopods appear to be safer for the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Goffredo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Laura Azzarito
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pietro Di Taranto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria E Mancini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Normanno
- Department of Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonella Didonna
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy
| | - Simona Faleo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gilda Occhiochiuso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi D'Attoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmine Pedarra
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Food Microbiology Laboratory, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Pinto
- Regione Puglia Servizio Sicurezza Alimentare e Sanità Veterinaria, Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, National Reference Centre for Anisakiasis (C.Re.N.A.), Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Graci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, National Reference Centre for Anisakiasis (C.Re.N.A.), Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Sciortino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, National Reference Centre for Anisakiasis (C.Re.N.A.), Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Costa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, National Reference Centre for Anisakiasis (C.Re.N.A.), Palermo, Italy
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He YT, Ziemkiewicz PF. Bias in determining aluminum concentrations: Comparison of digestion methods and implications on Al management. Chemosphere 2016; 159:570-576. [PMID: 27343863 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is an important aquatic contaminant due to its ubiquity, toxicity and low regulatory discharge limits. Aluminum is mobilized in mining related, acidic drainage and is commonly a regulated pollutant. However, while aquatic toxicity studies and toxicity criteria are based on dissolved aluminum(Ald), discharge levels are, for statutory reasons, based on total recoverable aluminum (Alt). The rationale for using total recoverable aluminum recognizes the potential for the release of exchangeable, toxic cations or dissolution of metastable metal flocs in the event the discharge enters an acidic receiving stream. The digestion methods used in determining total recoverable metals are not meant to dissolve aluminosilicate clay particles but we found that they do, resulting in positively biased total recoverable aluminum values. This study explored the interaction between total suspended solids (TSS) and total recoverable aluminum using three digestion methods to evaluate which method introduced the least bias. Using field collected water and sediment samples from two coal mine drainage sites in Central West Virginia, three total recoverable digestion methods (USEPA Method 200.7, M1; USGS In-Bottle method, M2; and a Modified In-Bottle method, M3) were used to determine total recoverable aluminum across a range of total suspended solids concentrations. Baseline simulation experiments were conducted at pH 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 at different total suspended solids concentrations. Results indicated that dissolved aluminum did not respond to increasing total suspended solids concentrations while determined total recoverable aluminum increased with total suspended solids, indicating varying degrees of clay dissolution and, thus bias in the total recoverable aluminum concentration. While all three digestion methods overestimated total recoverable aluminum, at the same total suspended solids concentration, total recoverable aluminum extracted by USEPA Method 200.7 (M1) was much higher than the other two digestion methods (M2 and M3). Total recoverable aluminum from different digestion methods indicated that amount of aluminosilicate clay is digested in decreasing order: USEPA 200.7 (M1) > USGS in-bottle (M2) > modified in-bottle (M3). At pH 2.5, positive bias using methods M1, M2 and M3 was 153-287%, 53% and 40% respectively. Positive bias was greatest at pH greater than 4.5. Methods M1, M2 and M3 yielded positive biases of 660-1060%, 120-360% and 200-320% respectively. The results suggest that USEPA method 200.7 (M1) resulted in the greatest bias. Given its application in determining regulatory compliance, this is an important issue requiring further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Thomas He
- West Virginia Water Research Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Paul F Ziemkiewicz
- West Virginia Water Research Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Gao H, Dong Q, Chen Y, Zhang F, Wu A, Shi Y, Bandyopadhyay A, Daniel BJ, Huang C, Sun LZ. Murine mammary stem/progenitor cell isolation: Different method matters? Springerplus 2016; 5:140. [PMID: 26933638 PMCID: PMC4761358 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Murine mammary stem/progenitor cell isolation has been routinely used in many laboratories, yet direct comparison among different methods is lacking. In this study, we compared two frequently used digestion methods and three sets of frequently used surface markers for their efficiency in enriching mammary stem and progenitor cells in two commonly used mouse strains, C57BL/6J and FVB. Our findings revealed that the slow overnight digestion method using gentle collagenase/hyaluronidase could be easily adopted and yielded reliable and consistent results in different batches of animals. In contrast, the different fast digestion protocols, as described in published studies, yielded high percent of non-epithelial cells with very few basal epithelial cells liberated in our hands. The three sets of markers tested in our hands reveal rather equally efficiency in separating luminal and basal cells if same fluorochrome conjugations were used. However, the tendency of non-epithelial cell inclusion in the basal cell gate was highest in samples profiled by CD24/CD29 and lowest in samples profiled by CD49f/EpCAM, this is especially true in mammary cells isolated from C57BL/6J mice. This finding will have significant implication when sorted basal cells are used for subsequent gene expression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035 China ; Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA
| | - Qiaoxiang Dong
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035 China ; Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA ; Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Yuanhong Chen
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA ; Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Fuchuang Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA ; Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Anqi Wu
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA ; Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Yuanshuo Shi
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA ; Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Abhik Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA
| | - Benjamin J Daniel
- Flow Cytometry Facility, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA
| | - Changjiang Huang
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Lu-Zhe Sun
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78299 USA
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Kino H. Nylon mesh filtration technique for the collection of metacercariae from host tissue by digestion with artificial gastric juice. Parasitol Int 2015; 65:588-590. [PMID: 26743721 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The traditional method of collecting parasite larvae by digestion with artificial gastric juice requires time-consuming processes of repeated sedimentation and washing that is likely to result in a loss of some of the larvae. The author introduces an improved filtration technique using nylon mesh to wash out the digestive fluid. The technique shortens the processing duration of the process and increases the efficiency of larva collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Kino
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
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Mirzaei M, Rezaei H. The role of sheep in the epidemiology of Sarcocystis spp. in Tabriz area northwest of Iran. J Parasit Dis 2014; 40:285-8. [PMID: 27413294 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The parasites of genus Sarcocystis are among the most commonly found parasites in domestic ruminants and some species of Sarcocystis can generate important economic loss when causing clinical and subclinical disease. In the present study, three techniques-direct inspection, impression smears and digestion method-were used for the diagnosis of Sarcocystis infection in 130 slaughtered sheep in Tabriz abattoir from April 2013 to October 2013. A total of 620 slaughtered sheep were selected randomly and their oesophagus and diaphragm were inspected using naked eye examination. In the second stage, 130 carcasses out of the 620 which had no apparent infection were selected randomly and their meat investigated using two techniques: impression smear with staining and pepsin digestion. The percentage of macroscopic cysts found in the oesophagus and diaphragm muscle was 5.64 and 2.74 %, respectively, and microscopically, infection was found in 100 % of the organs. There was no significant difference between different ages or between males and females. Although all of the sheep were found to be infected with Sarcocystis, majority of the cysts were demonstrated microscopically. This suggests that meat should be cooked sufficiently, since a macroscopic inspection may not provide true results. Also, it has of grea t importance the farmers to be trained not to feed their dogs and cats with uncooked meat, and the abattoir remnants to be burned, in order to be effectively broken of infection cycle between the intermediate and the definitive hosts in Tabriz city, northwest of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirzaei
- Pathobiology Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hadi Rezaei
- Pathobiology Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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