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Omann C, Agger P, Bøgh N, Laustsen C, Ringgaard S, Stephenson RS, Anderson RH, Hjortdal VE, Smerup M. Resolving the natural myocardial remodelling brought upon by cardiac contraction; a porcine ex-vivo cardiovascular magnetic resonance study of the left and right ventricle. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2019; 21:35. [PMID: 31256759 PMCID: PMC6600899 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-019-0547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The three-dimensional rearrangement of the right ventricular (RV) myocardium during cardiac deformation is unknown. Previous in-vivo studies have shown that myocardial left ventricular (LV) deformation is driven by rearrangement of aggregations of cardiomyocytes that can be characterised by changes in the so-called E3-angle. Ex-vivo imaging offers superior spatial resolution compared with in-vivo measurements, and can thus provide novel insight into the deformation of the myocardial microstructure in both ventricles. This study sought to describe the dynamic changes of the orientations of the cardiomyocytes in both ventricles brought upon by cardiac contraction, with particular interest in the thin-walled RV, which has not previously been described in terms of its micro-architecture. METHODS The hearts of 14 healthy 20 kg swine were excised and preserved in either a relaxed state or a contracted state. Myocardial architecture was assessed and compared between the two contractional states by quantification of the helical, transmural and E3-angles of the cardiomyocytes using high-resolution diffusion tensor imaging. RESULTS The differences between the two states of contraction were most pronounced in the endocardium where the E3-angle decreased from 78.6° to 24.8° in the LV and from 82.6° to 68.6° in the RV. No significant change in neither the helical nor the transmural angle was found in the cardiomyocytes of the RV. In the endocardium of the LV, however, the helical angle increased from 35.4° to 47.8° and the transmural angle increased from 3.1° to 10.4°. CONCLUSION The entire myocardium rearranges through the cardiac cycle with the change in the orientation of the aggregations of cardiomyocytes being the predominant mediator of myocardial wall thickening. Interestingly, differences also exist between the RV and LV, which helps in the explanation of the different physiological capabilities of the ventricles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Omann
- Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Peter Agger
- Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Comparative Medicine Lab, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Bøgh
- Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Robert S. Stephenson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Comparative Medicine Lab, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Robert H. Anderson
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Vibeke E. Hjortdal
- Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Morten Smerup
- Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
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