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Pan Z, Tang C, Cao Y, Xuan Y, Zhou Q. Distribution and source apportionment of phenolic EDCs in rivers in the Pearl River Delta, South China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:48248-48259. [PMID: 36752923 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The sources and distribution characteristics of three phenolic endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), e.g., alkylphenols (APs) (including nonylphenols (NPs) and 4-t-octylphenol (OP)) and Bisphenol A (BPA), were investigated in the rivers of the Pearl River Delta Region (PRDR) with complex land-use types. The mean concentrations of NPs, OP, and BPA in river water including wet and dry seasons were 87, 6, and 74 ng/L in the agricultural regions (n = 10), 135, 7, and 61 ng/L in the transitional regions (n = 8), and 249, 15, and 152 ng/L in the urban regions (n = 28). Contents of NPs and BPA were high in the river sediments (ranged from 7 to 3048 ng/g and 2 to 271 ng/g, respectively). Equilibrium analysis results suggested that sediment release was not the main source of the river EDCs. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that sewage was the major source of EDCs in the dry season, while the leaching effect of rainfall on the agricultural soils, urban roads, and commercial products was an important source in the wet season. Furthermore, the ratio of APs and total concentration of phenolic EDCs (ΣEDCs) was used to characterize the agricultural regions and urban regions in the PRDR. The ratio was less than 0.6 in the agricultural regions while the ratio was large than 0.6 in the dry season and less than 0.6 in the wet season in urban regions. BPA and NPs in transitional region and urban region had small/medium potential risk to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyuan Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxue Xuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyi Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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Nasir HM, Wee SY, Aris AZ, Abdullah LC, Ismail I. Processing of natural fibre and method improvement for removal of endocrine-disrupting compounds. Chemosphere 2022; 291:132726. [PMID: 34718023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Persistent endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in bodies of water are a concern for human health and constitute an environmental issue, even if present in trace amounts. Conventional treatment systems do not entirely remove EDCs from discharge effluent. Due to the ultra-trace level of EDCs which affect human health and pose an environmental issue, developing new approaches and techniques to remove these micropollutants from the discharged effluent is vital. This review discusses the most common methods of eliminating EDCs through preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatments. The adsorption process is favoured for EDC removal, as it is an economical and straightforward option. The NABC aspects, which are the need, approach, benefits and challenges, were analysed based on existing circumstances, highlighting biochar as a green and renewable adsorbent for the removal of organic contaminants. From the environmental point of view, the effectiveness of this method, which uses natural fibre from the kenaf plant as a porous and economical biochar material with a selected lignocellulosic biomass, provides insights into the advantages of biochar-derived adsorbents. Essentially, the improvement of the natural fibre as an adsorbent is a focus, using carbonisation, activation, and the physiochemical process to enhance the adsorption ability of the material for pollutants in bodies of water. This output will complement sustainable water management approaches presented in previous studies for combating the emerging pollutant crisis via novel green and environmentally safe options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanisah Mohmad Nasir
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sze Yee Wee
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Luqman Chuah Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ismayadi Ismail
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Previšić A, Rožman M, Mor JR, Acuña V, Serra-Compte A, Petrović M, Sabater S. Aquatic macroinvertebrates under stress: Bioaccumulation of emerging contaminants and metabolomics implications. Sci Total Environ 2020; 704:135333. [PMID: 31822419 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The current knowledge on bioaccumulation of emerging contaminants (ECs) in aquatic invertebrates exposed to the realistic environmental concentrations is limited. Even less is known about the effects of chemical pollution exposure on the metabolome of aquatic invertebrates. We conducted an in situ translocation experiment with passive filter-feeding caddisfly larvae (Hydropsyche sp.) in an effluent-influenced river in order to i) unravel the bioaccumulation (and recovery) dynamics of ECs in aquatic invertebrates, and ii) test whether exposure to environmentally realistic concentrations of ECs will translate into metabolic profile changes in the insects. The experiment was carried out at two sites, upstream and downstream of the discharge of an urban wastewater treatment plant effluent. The translocated animals were collected at 2-week intervals for 46 days. Both pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) were detected in water (62 and 7 compounds, respectively), whereas in Hydropsyche tissues 5 EDCs accumulated. Overall, specimens from the upstream site translocated to the impacted site reached higher ECs concentrations in their tissues, as a reflection of the contaminants' water concentrations. However, bioaccumulation was a temporary process susceptible to change under lower contaminant concentrations. Non-targeted metabolite profiling detected fine metabolic changes in translocated Hydropsyche larvae. Both translocations equally induced stress, but it was higher in animals translocated to the impacted site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Previšić
- Department of Biology, Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; Catalan Institute for Water Research, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Marko Rožman
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jordi-René Mor
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Faculty of Sciences - University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Vicenç Acuña
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Faculty of Sciences - University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Albert Serra-Compte
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Faculty of Sciences - University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Mira Petrović
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Sabater
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
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Zhao X, Qiu W, Zheng Y, Xiong J, Gao C, Hu S. Occurrence, distribution, bioaccumulation, and ecological risk of bisphenol analogues, parabens and their metabolites in the Pearl River Estuary, South China. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 180:43-52. [PMID: 31063942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol analogues and alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic (parabens) can be defined as emerging endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) due to their similar characteristics. This study analyzed eight bisphenol analogues, six parabens, and five paraben metabolites in seawater (including aqueous and suspended particle matter (SPM)), as well as organism samples from the Pearl River Estuary, in order to determine their occurrence, distribution, bioaccumulation, and ecological and human health risk in South China's marine environment. The aggregation concentrations of bisphenol analogues, parabens, and paraben metabolites were 106 ng/L, 4.53 ng/L, and 231 ng/L in aqueous samples, 868 ng/g, 173 ng/g, and 9320 ng/g in SPM samples, 41.6 ng/g, 6.46 ng/g, and 460 ng/g in marine organisms, respectively. This study identified significantly higher concentrations of paraben metabolites than their parent parabens in the marine environment, which has not yet been reported in previous studies. These findings call for greater attention on the contamination of paraben metabolites in marine environments. Moreover, the median values of the logarithm of bioaccumulation factors (BAF) for the detected 20 target compounds ranged from 0.11 to 5.07. Bisphenol analogues including bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol P (BPP), and Fluornen-9-bisphenol (BPFL) (3.3 < lg BAF < 3.7), and three paraben metabolites including 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HB) (3.3 < lg BAF < 3.7), methyl protocatechuate (OH-MeP), and ethyl protocatechuate (OH-EtP) (Log BAF > 3.7), exhibited varying degrees of potential bioaccumulation effect in the majority of organism samples. Furthermore, all tested chemicals in this study were at low risk quotient (RQ) levels for acute and chronic toxicity in seawater. However, the target hazard quotient (THQ) values of two paraben metabolites, 4-HB and benzoic acid (BA), were higher than 1, which indicates that paraben metabolites have the potential to adsorb into organisms, and their associated human health risks should be of great concern. Overall, the study results suggest that the occurrence and risks of emerging EDCs in coastal waters are deserving of further studies, especially in densely populated regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenhui Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yi Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Jianzhi Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chuanzi Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shiyao Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Saini G, Pant S, Singh SO, Kazmi AA, Alam T. A comparative study of occurrence and fate of endocrine disruptors: diethyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate in ASP- and SBR-based wastewater treatment plants. Environ Monit Assess 2016; 188:609. [PMID: 27718090 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are endocrine-disrupting chemicals which affect endocrine system by bio-accumulation in aquatic organisms and produce adverse health effects in aquatic organisms as well as human beings, when come in contact. Present study focuses on occurrence and removal of two phthalates: diethylphthalate (DEP) and dibutylphthalate (DBP) in two full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) i.e. sewage treatment plants (STPs) based on well-adopted technologies, activated sludge process (ASP) and sequencing batch reactor (SBR).Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed for both wastewater and sludge sample for determination and identification of the concentration of these compounds in both STPs by monitoring the STPs for 9 months. It was observed that the concentration of DEP was less than DBP in the influent of ASP and SBR. Average concentrations of DEP and DBP in sludge sample of ASP were found to be 2.15 and 2.08 ng/g, whereas in SBR plant, these values were observed as 1.71 and 2.01 ng/g, respectively. Concerning the removal efficiency of DEP, SBR and ASP plants were found effective with removal efficiency of 91.51 and 91.03 %, respectively. However, in the case of DBP, SBR showed lower removal efficiency (85.42 %) as compared to ASP (92.67 %). Comparative study of both plants proposed that in ASP plant, DBP reduction was higher than the SBR. Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) analysis also confirmed the same result of sludge analysis for both STPs. Sludge disposal studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques confirmed that sludge of both STPs have high calorific value and can be used as fuel to make fuel-briquettes and bottom ash to make firebricks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Saini
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India.
| | - Shalini Pant
- S. D. Degree College, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Shri Om Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - A A Kazmi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Tanveer Alam
- D. A. V. P. G. College, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
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Li J, Sheng N, Cui R, Feng Y, Shao B, Guo X, Zhang H, Dai J. Gestational and lactational exposure to bisphenol AF in maternal rats increases testosterone levels in 23-day-old male offspring. Chemosphere 2016; 163:552-561. [PMID: 27567155 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
During prenatal and postnatal development, exposure to environmental chemicals with estrogenic activity, such as bisphenol AF (BPAF), may result in reproductive disorders. Currently, the mechanisms behind such disorders in male offspring induced by gestational and lactational exposure to BPAF remain poorly understood. Here, female rats from gestational day (GD) 3-19 were exposed to 100 mg BPAF/kg/day by oral gavage. On the day of birth (postnatal day (PD) 0), cross-fostering took place between treated and control litters, and cross-fostered mother rats were given BPAF 100 mg/kg/day during the postnatal period (PD 3 to PD 19). HPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that BPAF was transferred via cord blood and lactation, finally bio-accumulating in the offspring testes. Pups exposed to BPAF both prenatally and postnatally showed a significant increase in testis testosterone levels compared with that of the control, while all pups exposed to BPAF showed a significant decrease in testis inhibin B (INHB) levels. Compared with the control, RNA-seq revealed that 279 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the testes of pups exposed to BPAF both prenatally and postnatally, including genes involved in cell differentiation and meiosis. These results indicate that gestational and lactational exposure to BPAF in the mother can impair reproductive function in male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Nan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Ruina Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Yixing Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100013, PR China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100013, PR China
| | - Xuejiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China.
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Yang Y, Cao X, Zhang M, Wang J. Occurrence and distribution of endocrine-disrupting compounds in the Honghu Lake and East Dongting Lake along the Central Yangtze River, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:17644-17652. [PMID: 26150298 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4980-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lakes along the Yangzte River are very important for inhabitants due to their ecosystem service values. In this study, the level of eight endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) was studied in the Honghu Lake and East Dongting Lake. In each lake, 21 water samples and 21 sediment samples were collected. The total concentrations of eight EDCs in surface water (47.60-419.82 ng L(-1), mean value: 225.65 ng L(-1)) and sediments (202.71-635.36 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw), mean value 371.90 ng g(-1) dw) of Honghu Lake were significantly higher than those in surface water (43.52-394.21 ng L(-1), mean value 153.03 ng L(-1)) and sediment (70.01-464.63 ng g(-1) dw, mean value 238.42 ng g(-1) dw) in East Dongting Lake. 4-Nonylphenol (NP), 4-octylphenol (OP), and bisphenol A (BPA) in surface water and sediments were main EDCs in two lakes. No correlation relationships were found between concentrations of EDCs in water and sediment from two lakes. The concentrations of OP and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in sediments of Honghu Lake had significant positive correlation with the content of total organic carbon (TOC). The concentrations of EDCs in outlet of Honghu Lake were comparable to those in the main lake, whereas the EDCs in outlet of East Dongting Lake were lower than those in the main lake. The EDCs in Honghu Lake and East Dongting Lake may have a significant potential biological effect on fish based on the estimation of EDC estrogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xinhua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Kim Y, Joo H, Her N, Yoon Y, Sohn J, Kim S, Yoon J. Simultaneously photocatalytic treatment of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) using rotating reactor under solar irradiation. J Hazard Mater 2015; 288:124-133. [PMID: 25698573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, simultaneous treatments, reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and oxidation of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA), 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and 17β-estradiol (E2), were investigated with a rotating photocatalytic reactor including TiO₂ nanotubes formed on titanium mesh substrates under solar UV irradiation. In the laboratory tests with a rotating type I reactor, synergy effects of the simultaneous photocatalytic reduction and oxidation of inorganic (Cr(VI)) and organic (BPA) pollutants were achieved. Particularly, the concurrent photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) and oxidation of BPA was higher under acidic conditions. The enhanced reaction efficiency of both pollutants was attributed to a stronger charge interaction between TiO₂ nanotubes (positive charge) and the anionic form of Cr(VI) (negative charge), which are prevented recombination (electron-hole pair) by the hole scavenging effect of BPA. In the extended outdoor tests with a rotating type II reactor under solar irradiation, the experiment was extended to examine the simultaneous reduction of Cr(VI) in the presence of additional EDCs, such as EE2 and E2 as well as BPA. The findings showed that synergic effect of both photocatalytic reduction and oxidation was confirmed with single-component (Cr(VI) only), two-components (Cr(VI)/BPA, Cr(VI)/EE2, and Cr(VI)/E2), and four-components (Cr(VI)/BPA/EE2/E2) under various solar irradiation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngji Kim
- Korea Institute of Energy Research, New and Renewable Energy Research Division, Hydrogen Laboratory, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, South Korea; Yonsei University, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Hyunku Joo
- Korea Institute of Energy Research, New and Renewable Energy Research Division, Hydrogen Laboratory, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, South Korea
| | - Namguk Her
- Korea Army Academy at Young-Cheon, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, 135-1 Changhari, Kokyungmeon, Young-cheon, Gyeongbuk 770-849, South Korea
| | - Yeomin Yoon
- University of South Carolina, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Jinsik Sohn
- Kookmin University, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-702, South Korea
| | - Sungpyo Kim
- Korea University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Sejong 339-700, South Korea
| | - Jaekyung Yoon
- Korea Institute of Energy Research, New and Renewable Energy Research Division, Hydrogen Laboratory, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, South Korea.
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