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Bujko K, Ciechanowicz AK, Kucia M, Ratajczak MZ. Molecular analysis and comparison of CD34 + and CD133 + very small embryonic-like stem cells purified from umbilical cord blood. Cytometry A 2023; 103:703-711. [PMID: 37246957 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Very small embryonic like stem cells (VSELs) are a dormant population of stem cells that, as proposed, are deposited during embryogenesis in various tissues, including bone marrow (BM). These cells are released under steady state conditions from their tissue locations and circulate at a low level in peripheral blood (PB). Their number increases in response to stressors as well as tissue/organ damage. This increase is evident during neonatal delivery, as delivery stress prompts enrichment of umbilical cord blood (UCB) with VSELs. These cells could be purified from BM, PB, and UCB by multiparameter sorting as a population of very small CXCR4+ Lin- CD45- cells that express the CD34 or CD133 antigen. In this report, we evaluated a number of CD34+ Lin- CD45- and CD133+ Lin- CD45- UCB-derived VSELs. We also performed initial molecular characterization of both cell populations for expression of selected pluripotency markers and compared these cells at the proteomic level. We noticed that CD133+ Lin- CD45- population is more rare and express, at a higher level, mRNA for pluripotency markers Oct-4 and Nanog as well as the stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) CXCR4 receptor that regulates trafficking of these cells, however both cells population did not significantly differ in the expression of proteins assigned to main biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Bujko
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Kucia
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Stem Cell Institute, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Stem Cell Institute, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Mauro-Lizcano M, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP. SOX2-high cancer cells exhibit an aggressive phenotype, with increases in stemness, proliferation and invasion, as well as higher metabolic activity and ATP production. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9877-9889. [PMID: 36566021 PMCID: PMC9831729 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for cancer recurrence, treatment failure and metastatic dissemination. As such, the elimination of CSCs represents one of the most important approaches for the future of cancer treatment. Among other properties, CSCs show the activation of particular cell signalling pathways and the over-expression of certain transcription factors, such as SOX2. Herein, we describe a new model system to isolate stem-like cancer cells, based on the functional transcriptional activity of SOX2. Briefly, we employed a SOX2-enhancer-GFP-reporter system to isolate cancer cells with high SOX2 transcriptional activity by FACS sorting. The over-expression of SOX2 in this sub-population was validated by Western blot analysis and flow cytometry. SOX2-high cancer cells showed CSCs features, such as greater mammosphere forming ability, validating that this sub-population was enriched in CSCs. To further explore the model, we analysed other stemness characteristics in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, corroborating that SOX2-high cells were more metabolically active, proliferative, migratory, invasive, and drug-resistant. SOX2-high MDA-MB-231 cells also showed a loss of E-cadherin expression, and increased Vimentin expression, consistent with an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Therefore, endogenous SOX2 transcriptional activity and protein levels are mechanistically linked to aggressive phenotypic behaviours and energy production in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mauro-Lizcano
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Sotgia
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Lisanti
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
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3
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Rajasekaran K, Guan X, Tafazzol A, Hamidi H, Darwish M, Yadav M. Tetramer-aided sorting and single-cell RNA sequencing facilitate transcriptional profiling of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101559. [PMID: 36279715 PMCID: PMC9594627 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in single-cell technologies and an improved understanding of tumor antigens have empowered researchers to investigate tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells at the single-cell level. Peptide-MHC I tetramers are often utilized to enrich antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, which however, introduces the undesired risk of altering their clonal distribution or their transcriptional state. This study addresses the feasibility of utilizing tetramers to enrich antigen-specific CD8+ T cells for single-cell analysis. METHODS HLA-A*02:01-restricted human cytomegalovirus (CMV) pp65 peptide-specific CD8+ T cells were used as a model for analyzing antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing and TCR sequencing were performed to compare the frequency and gene expression profile of pp65-specific TCR clones between tetramer-sorted, unstimulated- and tetramer-stimulated total CD8+ T cells. RESULTS The relative frequency of pp65-specific TCR clones and their transcriptional profile remained largely unchanged following tetramer-based sorting. In contrast, tetramer-mediated stimulation of CD8+ T cells resulted in significant gene expression changes in pp65-specific CD8+ T cells. An Antigen-Specific Response (ASR) gene signature was derived from tetramer-stimulated pp65-specific CD8+ T cells. The ASR signature had a predictive value and was significantly associated with progression free survival in lung cancer patients treated with anti-PD-L1, anti-VEGF, chemotherapy combination (NCT02366143). The predictive power of the ASR signature was independent of the conventional CD8 effector signature. CONCLUSIONS Our findings validate the approach of enriching antigen-specific CD8+ T cells through tetramer-aided Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) sorting for single-cell analysis and also identifies an ASR gene signature that has value in predicting response to cancer immunotherapy.
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Tenorio-Mina A, Cortés D, Esquivel-Estudillo J, López-Ornelas A, Cabrera-Wrooman A, Lara-Rodarte R, Escobedo-Avila I, Vargas-Romero F, Toledo-Hernández D, Estudillo E, Acevedo-Fernández JJ, Tapia JSO, Velasco I. Human Keratinocytes Adopt Neuronal Fates After In Utero Transplantation in the Developing Rat Brain. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:963689720978219. [PMID: 33435710 PMCID: PMC7809298 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720978219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin contains keratinocytes in the epidermis. Such cells share their ectodermal origin with the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have demonstrated that terminally differentiated somatic cells can adopt a pluripotent state, or can directly convert its phenotype to neurons, after ectopic expression of transcription factors. In this article we tested the hypothesis that human keratinocytes can adopt neural fates after culturing them in suspension with a neural medium. Initially, keratinocytes expressed Keratins and Vimentin. After neural induction, transcriptional upregulation of NESTIN, SOX2, VIMENTIN, SOX1, and MUSASHI1 was observed, concomitant with significant increases in NESTIN detected by immunostaining. However, in vitro differentiation did not yield the expression of neuronal or astrocytic markers. We tested the differentiation potential of control and neural-induced keratinocytes by grafting them in the developing CNS of rats, through ultrasound-guided injection. For this purpose, keratinocytes were transduced with lentivirus that contained the coding sequence of green fluorescent protein. Cell sorting was employed to select cells with high fluorescence. Unexpectedly, 4 days after grafting these cells in the ventricles, both control and neural-induced cells expressed green fluorescent protein together with the neuronal proteins βIII-Tubulin and Microtubule-Associated Protein 2. These results support the notion that in vivo environment provides appropriate signals to evaluate the neuronal differentiation potential of keratinocytes or other non-neural cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tenorio-Mina
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Cortés
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joel Esquivel-Estudillo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Unidad de Diagnóstico y Medicina Molecular, “Dr. Ruy Pérez Tamayo”, Hospital del Niño Morelense/Facultad de Medicina-UAEM, Zapata, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Adolfo López-Ornelas
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, Mexico
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Cabrera-Wrooman
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Diagnóstico y Medicina Molecular, “Dr. Ruy Pérez Tamayo”, Hospital del Niño Morelense/Facultad de Medicina-UAEM, Zapata, Morelos, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rolando Lara-Rodarte
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Escobedo-Avila
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Vargas-Romero
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Toledo-Hernández
- Unidad de Diagnóstico y Medicina Molecular, “Dr. Ruy Pérez Tamayo”, Hospital del Niño Morelense/Facultad de Medicina-UAEM, Zapata, Morelos, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Enrique Estudillo
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Jesús Santa-Olalla Tapia
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Unidad de Diagnóstico y Medicina Molecular, “Dr. Ruy Pérez Tamayo”, Hospital del Niño Morelense/Facultad de Medicina-UAEM, Zapata, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Iván Velasco
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, Mexico
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Stellato M, Czepiel M, Distler O, Błyszczuk P, Kania G. Identification and Isolation of Cardiac Fibroblasts From the Adult Mouse Heart Using Two-Color Flow Cytometry. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:105. [PMID: 31417912 PMCID: PMC6686717 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiac fibroblasts represent a main stromal cell type in the healthy myocardium. Activation of cardiac fibroblasts has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many heart diseases. Profibrotic stimuli activate fibroblasts, which proliferate and differentiate into pathogenic myofibroblasts causing a fibrotic phenotype in the heart. Cardiac fibroblasts are characterized by production of type I collagen, but non-transgenic methods allowing their identification and isolation require further improvements. Herein, we present a new and simple flow cytometry-based method to identify and isolate cardiac fibroblasts from the murine heart. Methods and Results: Wild-type and reporter mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the murine alpha1(I) collagen promoter (Col1a1-EGFP) were used in this study. Hearts were harvested and dissociated into single cell suspensions using enzymatic digestion. Cardiac cells were stained with the erythrocyte marker Ter119, the pan-leukocyte marker CD45, the endothelial cell marker CD31 and gp38 (known also as podoplanin). Fibroblasts were defined in a two-color flow cytometry analysis as a lineage-negative (Lin: Ter119-CD45-CD31-) and gp38-positive (gp38+) population. Analysis of hearts isolated from Col1a1-EGFP reporter mice showed that cardiac Lin-gp38+ cells corresponded to type I collagen-producing cells. Lin-gp38+ cells were partially positive for the mesenchymal markers CD44, CD140a, Sca-1 and CD90.2. Sorted Lin-gp38+ cells were successfully expanded in vitro for up to four passages. Lin-gp38+ cells activated by Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) upregulated myofibroblast-specific genes and proteins, developed stress fibers positive for alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and showed increased contractility in the collagen gel contraction assay. Conclusions: Two-color flow cytometry analysis using the selected cell surface antigens allows for the identification of collagen-producing fibroblasts in unaffected mouse hearts without using specific reporter constructs. This strategy opens new perspectives to study the physiology and pathophysiology of cardiac fibroblasts in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Stellato
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcin Czepiel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Przemysław Błyszczuk
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Kania
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Loontiens S, Depestel L, Vanhauwaert S, Dewyn G, Gistelinck C, Verboom K, Van Loocke W, Matthijssens F, Willaert A, Vandesompele J, Speleman F, Durinck K. Purification of high-quality RNA from a small number of fluorescence activated cell sorted zebrafish cells for RNA sequencing purposes. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:228. [PMID: 30894119 PMCID: PMC6425699 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transgenic zebrafish lines with the expression of a fluorescent reporter under the control of a cell-type specific promoter, enable transcriptome analysis of FACS sorted cell populations. RNA quality and yield are key determinant factors for accurate expression profiling. Limited cell number and FACS induced cellular stress make RNA isolation of sorted zebrafish cells a delicate process. We aimed to optimize a workflow to extract sufficient amounts of high-quality RNA from a limited number of FACS sorted cells from Tg(fli1a:GFP) zebrafish embryos, which can be used for accurate gene expression analysis. Results We evaluated two suitable RNA isolation kits (the RNAqueous micro and the RNeasy plus micro kit) and determined that sorting cells directly into lysis buffer is a critical step for success. For low cell numbers, this ensures direct cell lysis, protects RNA from degradation and results in a higher RNA quality and yield. We showed that this works well up to 0.5× dilution of the lysis buffer with sorted cells. In our sort settings, this corresponded to 30,000 and 75,000 cells for the RNAqueous micro kit and RNeasy plus micro kit respectively. Sorting more cells dilutes the lysis buffer too much and requires the use of a collection buffer. We also demonstrated that an additional genomic DNA removal step after RNA isolation is required to completely clear the RNA from any contaminating genomic DNA. For cDNA synthesis and library preparation, we combined SmartSeq v4 full length cDNA library amplification, Nextera XT tagmentation and sample barcoding. Using this workflow, we were able to generate highly reproducible RNA sequencing results. Conclusions The presented optimized workflow enables to generate high quality RNA and allows accurate transcriptome profiling of small populations of sorted zebrafish cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5608-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siebe Loontiens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Depestel
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Suzanne Vanhauwaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Givani Dewyn
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Gistelinck
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Karen Verboom
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Van Loocke
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Matthijssens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andy Willaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat Durinck
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine & Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Berl S, Karram K, Scheller A, Jungblut M, Kirchhoff F, Waisman A. Enrichment and isolation of neurons from adult mouse brain for ex vivo analysis. J Neurosci Methods 2017; 283:15-22. [PMID: 28336359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolation of neurons from the adult mouse CNS is important in order to study their gene expression during development or the course of different diseases. NEW METHODS Here we present two different methods for the enrichment or isolation of neurons from adult mouse CNS. These methods: are either based on flow cytometry sorting of eYFP expressing neurons, or by depletion of non-neuronal cells by sorting with magnetic-beads. RESULTS Enrichment by FACS sorting of eYFP positive neurons results in a population of 62.4% NeuN positive living neurons. qPCR data shows a 3-5fold upregulation of neuronal markers. The isolation of neurons based on depletion of non-neuronal cells using the Miltenyi Neuron Isolation Kit, reaches a purity of up to 86.5%. qPCR data of these isolated neurons shows an increase in neuronal markers and an absence of glial markers, proving pure neuronal RNA isolation. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Former data related to neuronal gene expression are mainly based on histology, which does not allow for high-throughput transcriptome analysis to examine differential gene expression. CONCLUSION These protocols can be used to study cell type specific gene expression of neurons to unravel their function in the process of damage to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Berl
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Khalad Karram
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anja Scheller
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Molecular Physiology, University of Saarland, Building 48, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Jungblut
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 68, D-51429 Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Molecular Physiology, University of Saarland, Building 48, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
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8
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Akkaya B, Holstein AH, Isaac C, Maz MP, Glass DD, Shevach EM, Akkaya M. Ex-vivo iTreg differentiation revisited: Convenient alternatives to existing strategies. J Immunol Methods 2016; 441:67-71. [PMID: 27919837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ex-vivo differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) from naïve CD4+ T-cells has been widely used in immunological research. Isolation of a highly pure naïve T cell population is the key factor that determines the efficiency of subsequent Treg differentiation. Currently, this step relies mostly on FACS sorting, which is often costly, time consuming, and inconvenient. Alternatively, magnetic separation of T-cells can be performed; yet, available protocols fail to reach sort level purity and consequently result in low Treg differentiation efficiency. Here, we present the results of a comprehensive side-by-side comparison of various magnetic separation strategies and FACS sorting in multiple levels. Additionally, we propose a novel optimized custom made magnetic separation protocol, which not only yields sort level purity and Treg differentiation but also lowers the reagent costs up to 75% compared to the commercially available purification kits. The highly pure naïve CD4+ T-cell population obtained by this versatile method can also be used for differentiation of other T-cell subsets; therefore this protocol may have broad applications in T-cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billur Akkaya
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Amanda H Holstein
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Christopher Isaac
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Mitra P Maz
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Deborah D Glass
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Ethan M Shevach
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Munir Akkaya
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, United States.
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Schoof EM, Lechman ER, Dick JE. Global proteomics dataset of miR-126 overexpression in acute myeloid leukemia. Data Brief 2016; 9:57-61. [PMID: 27656662 PMCID: PMC5021708 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A deep proteomics analysis was conducted on a primary acute myeloid leukemia culture system to identify potential protein targets regulated by miR-126. Leukemia cells were transduced either with an empty control lentivirus or one containing the sequence for miR-126, and resulting cells were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry. The mass spectrometry data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PRIDE: PXD001994. The proteomics data and statistical analysis described in this article is associated with a research article, “miR-126 regulates distinct self-renewal outcomes in normal and malignant hematopoietic stem cells” (Lechman et al., 2016) [1], and serves as a resource for researchers working in the field of microRNAs and their regulation of protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin M Schoof
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ON M5G 1L7
| | - Eric R Lechman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ON M5G 1L7
| | - John E Dick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ON M5G 1L7
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Kasper M, Toftgård R, Jaks V. Isolation and Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting of Mouse Keratinocytes Expressing β-Galactosidase. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1453:123-36. [PMID: 27431252 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3786-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, the rapid development of new transgenic and knock-in mouse models has propelled epidermal stem-cell research into "fast-forward mode". It has become possible to identify and visualize defined cell populations during normal tissue maintenance, and to follow their progeny during the processes of homeostasis, wound repair, and tumorigenesis. Moreover, these cells can be isolated using specific labels, and characterized in detail using an array of molecular and cell biology approaches. The bacterial enzyme, β-galactosidase (β-gal), the product of the LacZ gene, is one of the most commonly used in vivo cell labels in genetically-engineered mice. The protocol described in this chapter provides a guideline for the isolation of viable murine epidermal cells expressing β-gal, which can then be subjected to further characterization in vivo or in vitro.
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Eikmans M, van Halteren AGS, van Besien K, van Rood JJ, Drabbels JJM, Claas FHJ. Naturally acquired microchimerism: implications for transplantation outcome and novel methodologies for detection. Chimerism 2015; 5:24-39. [PMID: 24762743 DOI: 10.4161/chim.28908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Microchimerism represents a condition where one individual harbors genetically distinct cell populations, and the chimeric population constitutes <1% of the total number of cells. The most common natural source of microchimerism is pregnancy. The reciprocal cell exchange between a mother and her child often leads to the stable engraftment of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stem cells in both parties. Interaction between cells from the mother and those from the child may result in maternal immune cells becoming sensitized to inherited paternal alloantigens of the child, which are not expressed by the mother herself. Vice versa, immune cells of the child may become sensitized toward the non-inherited maternal alloantigens of the mother. The extent of microchimerism, its anatomical location, and the sensitivity of the techniques used for detecting its presence collectively determine whether microchimerism can be detected in an individual. In this review, we focus on the clinical consequences of microchimerism in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and propose concepts derived from data of epidemiologic studies. Next, we elaborate on the latest molecular methodology, including digital PCR, for determining in a reliable and sensitive way the extent of microchimerism. For the first time, tools have become available to isolate viable chimeric cells from a host background, so that the challenges of establishing the biologic mechanisms and function of these cells may finally be tackled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eikmans
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid G S van Halteren
- Immunology Laboratory; Willem Alexander Children's Hospital; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jon J van Rood
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands; Europdonor Foundation; Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jos J M Drabbels
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frans H J Claas
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands
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