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Zhang J, Yin DP, Zhang Y, Zhang JN, Yang Y, Zhang ZQ, Zhou L, Lv Y, Huang HW, Cao C. Identification of Gαi3 as a novel molecular therapeutic target of cervical cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5667-5680. [PMID: 36263185 PMCID: PMC9576524 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.77126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we studied expression and potential functions of Gαi3 in cervical cancer. The bioinformatics analysis together with the results from local patients' tissues revealed that Gαi3 expression was remarkably elevated in human cervical cancer tissues and different cervical cancer cells, and was associated with poor overall survival and poor disease-specific survival of patients. Gαi3 depletion resulted in profound anti-cervical cancer activity. In primary or immortalized cervical cancer cells, Gαi3 shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-caused Gαi3 knockout/KO largely hindered cell proliferation and migration, and provoked apoptosis. On the contrast, ectopic Gαi3 overexpression further enhanced cervical cancer proliferation and migration. Akt-mTOR activation in primary cervical cancer cells was significantly reduced after Gαi3 silencing or KO, but was augmented following Gαi3 overexpression. Further studies revealed that the transcription factor GATA4 binding to Gαi3 promoter region was significantly enhanced in cervical cancer tissues and cells. Gαi3 expression was decreased by GATA4 shRNA, but upregulated following GATA4 overexpression. In vivo, the growth of cervical cancer xenografts was robustly suppressed after Gαi3 silencing or KO. Gαi3 depletion and Akt-mTOR inactivation were detected in Gαi3-silenced/-KO cervical cancer xenograft tissues. Together, upregulated Gαi3 is a valuable oncotarget of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - De-pei Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia-nan Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi-qing Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Center of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Dr. Yan Lv, E-mail: ; Prof. Hai-wei Huang, E-mail: ; Prof. Cong Cao, E-mail:
| | - Hai-wei Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Dr. Yan Lv, E-mail: ; Prof. Hai-wei Huang, E-mail: ; Prof. Cong Cao, E-mail:
| | - Cong Cao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Dr. Yan Lv, E-mail: ; Prof. Hai-wei Huang, E-mail: ; Prof. Cong Cao, E-mail:
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Bastin G, Dissanayake K, Langburt D, Tam ALC, Lee SH, Lachhar K, Heximer SP. RGS4 controls Gαi3-mediated regulation of Bcl-2 phosphorylation on TGN38-containing intracellular membranes. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs241034. [PMID: 32501280 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.241034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular pools of the heterotrimeric G-protein α-subunit Gαi3 (encoded by GNAI3) have been shown to promote growth factor signaling, while at the same time inhibiting the activation of JNK and autophagic signaling following nutrient starvation. The precise molecular mechanisms linking Gαi3 to both stress and growth factor signaling remain poorly understood. Importantly, JNK-mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 was previously found to activate autophagic signaling following nutrient deprivation. Our data shows that activated Gαi3 decreases Bcl-2 phosphorylation, whereas inhibitors of Gαi3, such as RGS4 and AGS3 (also known as GPSM1), markedly increase the levels of phosphorylated Bcl-2. Manipulation of the palmitoylation status and intracellular localization of RGS4 suggests that Gαi3 modulates phosphorylated Bcl-2 levels and autophagic signaling from discreet TGN38 (also known as TGOLN2)-labeled vesicle pools. Consistent with an important role for these molecules in normal tissue responses to nutrient deprivation, increased Gαi signaling within nutrient-starved adrenal glands from RGS4-knockout mice resulted in a dramatic abrogation of autophagic flux, compared to wild-type tissues. Together, these data suggest that the activity of Gαi3 and RGS4 from discreet TGN38-labeled vesicle pools are critical regulators of autophagic signaling that act via their ability to modulate phosphorylation of Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Bastin
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, 661 University Ave. 14th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, Room 303, C. David Naylor Building, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H2, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Kaveesh Dissanayake
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Dylan Langburt
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, 661 University Ave. 14th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Alex L C Tam
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Shin-Haw Lee
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, 661 University Ave. 14th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Karanjit Lachhar
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Scott P Heximer
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, 661 University Ave. 14th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, Room 303, C. David Naylor Building, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H2, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
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Sun J, Huang W, Yang SF, Zhang XP, Yu Q, Zhang ZQ, Yao J, Li KR, Jiang Q, Cao C. Gαi1 and Gαi3mediate VEGF-induced VEGFR2 endocytosis, signaling and angiogenesis. Theranostics 2018; 8:4695-4709. [PMID: 30279732 PMCID: PMC6160771 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
VEGF binding to VEGFR2 leads to VEGFR2 endocytosis and downstream signaling activation to promote angiogenesis. Methods: Using genetic strategies, we tested the requirement of α subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Gαi1/3) in the process. Results: Gαi1/3 are located in the VEGFR2 endocytosis complex (VEGFR2-Ephrin-B2-Dab2-PAR-3), where they are required for VEGFR2 endocytosis and downstream signaling transduction. Gαi1/3 knockdown, knockout or dominant negative mutation inhibited VEGF-induced VEGFR2 endocytosis, and downstream Akt-mTOR and Erk-MAPK activation. Functional studies show that Gαi1/3 shRNA inhibited VEGF-induced proliferation, invasion, migration and vessel-like tube formation of HUVECs. In vivo, Gαi1/3 shRNA lentivirus inhibited alkali burn-induced neovascularization in mouse cornea. Further, oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR)-induced retinal neovascularization was inhibited by intravitreal injection of Gαi1/3 shRNA lentivirus. Moreover, in vivo angiogenesis by alkali burn and OIR was significantly attenuated in Gαi1/3 double knockout mice. Significantly, Gαi1/3 proteins are upregulated in proliferative retinal tissues of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients. Conclusion: These results provide mechanistic insights into the critical role played by Gαi1/3 proteins in VEGF-induced VEGFR2 endocytosis, signaling and angiogenesis.
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Marshall J, Zhou XZ, Chen G, Yang SQ, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang ZQ, Jiang Q, Birnbaumer L, Cao C. Antidepression action of BDNF requires and is mimicked by Gαi1/3 expression in the hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E3549-E3558. [PMID: 29507199 PMCID: PMC5899481 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1722493115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-related alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, a neurotrophin that plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, are believed to contribute to the pathophysiology of depression. Here, we show that in a chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression the Gαi1 and Gαi3 subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins are down-regulated in the hippocampus, a key limbic structure associated with major depressive disorder. We provide evidence that Gαi1 and Gαi3 (Gαi1/3) are required for the activation of TrkB downstream signaling pathways. In mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and CNS neurons, Gαi1/3 knockdown inhibited BDNF-induced tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) endocytosis, adaptor protein activation, and Akt-mTORC1 and Erk-MAPK signaling. Functional studies show that Gαi1 and Gαi3 knockdown decreases the number of dendrites and dendritic spines in hippocampal neurons. In vivo, hippocampal Gαi1/3 knockdown after bilateral microinjection of lentiviral constructs containing Gαi1 and Gαi3 shRNA elicited depressive behaviors. Critically, exogenous expression of Gαi3 in the hippocampus reversed depressive behaviors in CMS mice. Similar results were observed in Gαi1/Gαi3 double-knockout mice, which exhibited severe depressive behaviors. These results demonstrate that heterotrimeric Gαi1 and Gαi3 proteins are essential for TrkB signaling and that disruption of Gαi1 or Gαi3 function could contribute to depressive behaviors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
- Dendrites/metabolism
- Dendrites/pathology
- Dendritic Spines/metabolism
- Dendritic Spines/pathology
- Depression/metabolism
- Depression/pathology
- Depressive Disorder, Major/metabolism
- Depressive Disorder, Major/pathology
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2/biosynthesis
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/biosynthesis
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neurons/metabolism
- Neurons/pathology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- John Marshall
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912;
| | - Xiao-Zhong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004 Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu, China
| | - Su-Qing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Ya Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709;
- School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, Catholic University of Argentina, C1107AAZ Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cong Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China;
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
- North District, The Municipal Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou 215001, China
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Cai S, Li Y, Bai JY, Zhang ZQ, Wang Y, Qiao YB, Zhou XZ, Yang B, Tian Y, Cao C. Gαi3 nuclear translocation causes irradiation resistance in human glioma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35061-35068. [PMID: 28456783 PMCID: PMC5471034 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that Gαi3 is elevated in human glioma, mediating Akt activation and cancer cell proliferation. Here, we imply that Gαi3 could also be important for irradiation resistance. In A172 human glioma cells, Gαi3 knockdown (by targeted shRNAs) or dominant-negative mutation significantly potentiated irradiation-induced cell apoptosis. Reversely, forced over-expression of wild-type or constitutively-active Gαi3 inhibited irradiation-induced A172 cell apoptosis. Irradiation in A172 cells induced Gαi3 translocation to cell nuclei and association with local protein DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) catalytic subunit. This association was important for DNA damage repair. Gαi3 knockdown, depletion (using Gαi3 knockout MEFs) or dominant-negative mutation potentiated irradiation-induced DNA damages. On the other hand, expression of the constitutively-active Gαi3 in A172 cells inhibited DNA damage by irradiation. Together, these results indicate a novel function of Gαi3 in irradiation-resistance in human glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ya Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yu Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yin-Biao Qiao
- Department of Surgery, The Third Hospital affiliated to Soochow University
| | - Xiao-Zhong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Surgery, The Third Hospital affiliated to Soochow University
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cong Cao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Sasaki K, Kakuwa T, Akimoto K, Koga H, Ohno S. Regulation of epithelial cell polarity by PAR-3 depends on Girdin transcription and Girdin- Gαi3 signaling. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2244-58. [PMID: 25977476 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.160879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial apicobasal polarity has fundamental roles in epithelial physiology and morphogenesis. The PAR complex, comprising PAR-3, PAR-6 and atypical protein kinase C (aPKC), is involved in determining cell polarity in various biological contexts, including in epithelial cells. However, it is not fully understood how the PAR complex induces apicobasal polarity. In this study, we found that PAR-3 regulates the protein expression of Girdin (also known as GIV or CCDC88A), a guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) for heterotrimeric Gαi subunits, at the transcriptional level by cooperating with the AP-2 transcription factor. In addition, we confirmed that PAR-3 physically interacts with Girdin, and show that Girdin, together with the Gαi3 (also known as GNAI3), controls tight junction formation, apical domain development and actin organization downstream of PAR-3. Taken together, our findings suggest that transcriptional upregulation of Girdin expression and Girdin-Gαi3 signaling play crucial roles in regulating epithelial apicobasal polarity through the PAR complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Taku Kakuwa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazunori Akimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan Department of Molecular Medical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hisashi Koga
- Department of Human Genome Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Shigeo Ohno
- Department of Molecular Biology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Li X, Wang D, Chen Z, Lu E, Wang Z, Duan J, Tian W, Wang Y, You L, Zou Y, Cheng Y, Zhu Q, Wan X, Xi T, Jiang M, Han Y, Cao C, Birnbaumer L, Chu WM, Yang Y. Gαi1 and Gαi3 regulate macrophage polarization by forming a complex containing CD14 and Gab1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:4731-6. [PMID: 25825741 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1503779112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins have been implicated in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages and endothelial cells. However, whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gαi1/3) are required for LPS responses remains unclear, and if so, the underlying mechanisms need to be studied. In this study, we demonstrated that, in response to LPS, Gαi1/3 form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling. Gαi1/3 deficiency decreased LPS-induced TLR4 endocytosis, which was associated with decreased phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Gαi1/3 knockdown in bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (Gαi1/3 KD BMDMs) exhibited an M2-like phenotype with significantly suppressed production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and NO in response to LPS. The altered polarization coincided with decreased Akt activation. Further, Gαi1/3 deficiency caused LPS tolerance in mice. In vitro studies revealed that, in LPS-tolerant macrophages, Gαi1/3 were down-regulated partially by the proteasome pathway. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that Gαi1/3 can interact with CD14/Gab1, which modulates macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo.
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