Effect of Glycine Nano-Selenium Supplementation on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Serum Biochemistry, Oxidative Status, and the Intestinal Morphology and Absorption of Laying Hens

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using glycine nano-selenium (NS-Gly) as a feed supplement and to evaluate its influence on production performance, egg quality, serum biochemistry, oxidative status, and the intestinal morphology and absorption of laying hens. A total of 864 hens at 40 weeks were randomly assigned into six groups including the basal diet (control, 0.13 mg Se/kg); basal diet + 0.30 mg Se/kg (Na₂SeO₃) diet; and basal diet + 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and 0.60 mg Se/kg (NS-Gly) diet. After 8 weeks of Se supplementation, no difference was observed among the treatments on production performance and egg quality (P > 0.05). The levels of albumin (ALB) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) were significantly influenced by dietary Se supplementation (P < 0.05). In the serum, the level of glutathione peroxide (GSH-Px) was significantly increased in the groups with the dietary NS-Gly supplementation (P < 0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels in all groups of NS-Gly supplementation had a remarkable increase (P < 0.05). In the liver, GSH-Px was significantly increased in 0.45 and 0.60 mg/kg NS-Gly groups (P < 0.05). The activities of SOD and catalase (CAT) were significantly increased in the groups of 0.30 mg/kg NS-Gly diet (P < 0.05). The results of intestinal morphology showed that the crypt depth was affected by higher dose groups of NS-Gly diets in the duodenum, and the differences (P < 0.05) were obtained in villus height, the crypt depth, and the V/C in the jejunum. In the ileum, a significant increase (P < 0.05) of villus height was observed in 0.15 and 0.3 mg/kg Se-added groups. The V/C was the highest in the SS groups (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of solute carrier family 3 member 1 (rBAT), solute carrier family 6 member 19 (B⁰AT1), and solute carrier family 15 member 1 (PepT1) increased at different degrees in the duodenum, especially in 0.15 and 0.60 mg/kg NS-Gly groups (P < 0.05). In the jejunum, the expression of B⁰AT1 was similar to that in the duodenum, and the expression of rBAT increased significantly in the 0.30 and 0.45 mg/kg NS-Gly groups (P < 0.05). The mRNA level of PepT1 increased significantly in the 0.30 mg/kg SS group. Conclusively, dietary NS-Gly supplementation could improve the antioxidant capacity, as well as the structure of small intestine in laying hens, although have no significant effects on the production performance and egg quality.

Glycine nano-selenium prevents brain oxidative stress and neurobehavioral abnormalities caused by MPTP in rats

BACKGROUND

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common degenerative disease of the central nervous system in the elderly. In recent years, the results of clinical and experimental studies have shown that oxidative stress is one of the important pathogenesis of PD. Selenium is one of the minor elements reported to possess antioxidant properties. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the recovery effect of glycine nano-selenium on neurobehavioral abnormalities and oxidative stress caused by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in rat.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

SD male rats weighing 280-310 g were purchased from the Chengdu Dossy Experimental Animals Company, China. All rats were housed in a temperature-controlled room, with a 12 h light-dark cycles and had free access to food and water ad libitum. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 animals in each group: the control group (normal saline), 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine group (MPTP), MPTP + 0.05 mg/kg glycine nano-selenium (MPTP + 0.05 Se), MPTP + 0.1 mg/kg glycine nano-selenium (MPTP + 0.1 Se). Behavioral assessment, clinical symptoms, Immunohistochemistry analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and antioxidant activity were accessed to determine the protective effects glycine nano-selenium have on PD rats.

RESULTS

From the results, Rats showed a decrease in spontaneous motor behavior and an increase in pole test score. Also, the number of TH⁺ neurons were also significantly decreased (P < 0.05) after treated with MPTP for 7 days indicating that MPTP could successfully induce neurobehavioral abnormalities in rats. Furthermore, the lipid peroxide (MDA) levels of the PD model group were significantly increased and the antioxidant activities (SOD and GSH-PX) were significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) compared to the control group indicating the important role oxidative stress played in dopaminergic neuron death and neurobehavioral abnormalities in PD rats. Compared with the PD model group, glycine nano-selenium administration could significantly improve behavior and increase the number of TH⁺ neurons (P < 0.05) to protect against the loss of dopaminergic neurons. At the same time, glycine nano-selenium could decrease the MDA levels and increase the activities of SOD and GSH-PX significantly (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, PD rat model was successfully developed by intraperitoneal injection of MPTP and the intragastric administration of glycine nano-selenium reduced neurobehavioral abnormalities by decreasing oxidative stress in rat brain.