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Chu W, Sun X, Zhu X, Zhao YC, Zhang J, Kong Q, Zhou L. Blockade of platelet glycoprotein receptor Ib ameliorates blood-brain barrier disruption following ischemic stroke via Epac pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111698. [PMID: 34029954 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein (GP) Ib is a platelet membrane receptor complex exposed to vascular injury, proposed as an effective target for stroke therapy. Previously, we have observed that the GPIb antagonist anfibatide (ANF) could mitigate blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury. The current study was designed to investigate whether the amelioration of the BBB by ANF is mediated via the Epac signaling pathway. A murine model of CI/R injury was induced following 90 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). ANF (4 μg/kg) was intravenously injected 1 h after reperfusion. Herein, ANF ameliorated BBB disruption, increased the expression of tight junction proteins, suppressed F-actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, decreased the permeability of the ischemic brain tissue, and relieved brain edema. ANF-treated mice had smaller infarct volumes and less severe neurological deficits than the MCAO mice. Moreover, the effects of ANF and Epac1 agonists were very similar in the MCAO mice. Epac activation with a cAMP analog, 8-CPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP, mitigated the breakdown of BBB function and CI/R injury. The Epac specific antagonist, ESI-09, worsened barrier damage and cerebral impairment, antagonizing the protective effects afforded by ANF. In addition, ANF upregulated the expression of Epac1 protein in the ischemic cerebral cortex. Collectively, our results indicate that the protective effect of ANF on the BBB after CI/R could be attributed to the activation of the Epac pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China; Department of Medical College, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China; Department of Medical College, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China; Department of Medical College, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Yu Chen Zhao
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jingcheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Qin Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Lanlan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China; Department of Medical College, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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Rosa JG, de Albuquerque CZ, Mattaraia VGDM, Santoro ML. Comparative study of platelet aggregation and secretion induced by Bothrops jararaca snake venom and thrombin. Toxicon 2019; 159:50-60. [PMID: 30677414 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Victims of Bothrops jararaca snakebites manifest bleedings, blood incoagulability, platelet dysfunction, and thrombocytopenia, and the latter has been directly implicated in the genesis of hemorrhagic diathesis. We addressed herein the direct effects of B. jararaca venom (BjV) on ex vivo platelet aggregation and granule secretion in washed human and mouse platelets. BjV directly aggregated platelets, but the extent of platelet aggregation was lower in human than mouse platelets. On the other hand, BjV (24.4 μg/mL) and thrombin (0.1 U/mL) induced a similar extent of ATP and platelet factor 4 (PF4) secretion in both species. BjV-induced platelet aggregation was independent of the platelet dense body content, as in pearl mouse (Ap3b1-/-) platelets, whose dense bodies are deficient in adenine nucleotides and serotonin, the extent of platelet aggregation was superior to that induced in BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice. BjV-induced β-hexosaminidase secretion in human platelets was less intense than that evoked by thrombin, and the contrary was observed in mouse platelets. Irreversible inactivation of platelet cyclooxygenase 1 by acetylsalicylic acid did not reduce BjV-induced platelet aggregation. BjV exerted no cytotoxic activity in human and mouse platelets, as evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase loss. Eptifibatide, which inhibits the binding of fibrinogen to platelet glycoprotein complex GPIIb-IIIa, differently blocked BjV-induced platelet aggregation in mice and humans. BjV-induced platelet aggregation did not depend on snake venom serine proteinases nor metalloproteinases in mice, whilst serine proteinases were rather important for platelet aggregation in humans. Our results show that BjV induces direct activation, aggregation, and secretion in human and mouse platelets, but it exerts diverse responses in them, which should be considered in comparative studies to understand pathophysiological events during Bothrops envenomation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Gomes Rosa
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório de Fisiopatologia, Av. Dr. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Larami Santoro
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório de Fisiopatologia, Av. Dr. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Pouget T, Pillois X, Fiore M. Adenylate cyclase inhibition is required for normal redistribution of platelet surface GPIb in response to PAR1 activation. Thromb Res 2018; 173:151-154. [PMID: 30530120 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pouget
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Xavier Pillois
- Centre de Référence des Pathologies Plaquettaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Mathieu Fiore
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; Centre de Référence des Pathologies Plaquettaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
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Gowert NS, Krüger I, Klier M, Donner L, Kipkeew F, Gliem M, Bradshaw NJ, Lutz D, Köber S, Langer H, Jander S, Jurk K, Frotscher M, Korth C, Bock HH, Elvers M. Loss of Reelin protects mice against arterial thrombosis by impairing integrin activation and thrombus formation under high shear conditions. Cell Signal 2017; 40:210-221. [PMID: 28943410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reelin is a secreted glycoprotein and essential for brain development and plasticity. Recent studies provide evidence that Reelin modifies platelet actin cytoskeletal dynamics. In this study we sought to dissect the contribution of Reelin in arterial thrombus formation. Here we analyzed the impact of Reelin in arterial thrombosis ex vivo and in vivo using Reelin deficient (reeler) and wildtype mice. We found that Reelin is secreted upon platelet activation and mediates signaling via glycoprotein (GP)Ib, the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) to induce activation of Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), SYK and Phospholipase Cγ2. Moreover, our data identifies Reelin as first physiological ligand for platelet APP. Platelets from reeler mice displayed attenuated platelet adhesion and significantly reduced thrombus formation under high shear conditions indicating an important role for Reelin in GPIb-dependent integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Accordingly, adhesion to immobilized vWF as well as integrin activation and the phosphorylation of Erk and Akt after GPIb engagement was reduced in Reelin deficient platelets. Defective Reelin signaling translated into protection from arterial thrombosis and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury beside normal hemostasis. Furthermore, treatment with an antagonistic antibody specific for Reelin protects wildtype mice from occlusive thrombus formation. Mechanistically, GPIb co-localizes to the major Reelin receptor APP in platelets suggesting that Reelin-induced effects on GPIb signaling are mediated by APP-GPIb interaction. These results indicate that Reelin is an important regulator of GPIb-mediated platelet activation and may represent a new therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sarah Gowert
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irena Krüger
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Meike Klier
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lili Donner
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Friederike Kipkeew
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology Department, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Gliem
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Bradshaw
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David Lutz
- Institute for Structural Neurobiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Köber
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Langer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jander
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Frotscher
- Institute for Structural Neurobiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Korth
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans H Bock
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology Department, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Klier M, Gowert NS, Jäckel S, Reinhardt C, Elvers M. Phospholipase D1 is a regulator of platelet-mediated inflammation. Cell Signal 2017; 38:171-181. [PMID: 28711718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glycoprotein (GP)Ib is not only required for stable thrombus formation but for platelet-mediated inflammatory responses. Phospholipase (PL)D1 is essential for GPIb-dependent aggregate formation under high shear conditions while nothing is known about PLD1-induced regulation of GPIb in platelet-mediated inflammation and the underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the relevance of PLD1 for platelet-mediated endothelial and leukocyte recruitment and activation in vitro and in vivo. Pld1-/- platelets showed strongly reduced adhesion to TNFα stimulated endothelial cells (ECs) under high shear conditions ex vivo. Normal cytoskeletal reorganization of Pld1-/- platelets but reduced integrin activation after adhesion to inflamed ECs confirmed that defective integrin activation is responsible for reduced platelet adhesion to ECs. This, together with significantly reduced CD40L expression on platelets led to reduced chemotactic and adhesive properties of ECs in vitro. Under flow conditions, recruitment of leukocytes to collagen-adherent platelets was reduced. Under inflammatory conditions in vivo, reduced platelet and leukocyte recruitment and arrest to the injured carotid artery was observed in Pld1-/- mice. In a second in vivo model of venous thrombosis, platelet adhesion to activated endothelial cells was reduced while leukocyte recruitment was attenuated in PLD1 deficient mice. Mechanistically, PLD1 modulates PLCγ2 phosphorylation and integrin activation via Src kinases without affecting vWF binding to GPIb. Thus, PLD1 is important for GPIb-induced inflammatory processes of platelets and might be a promising target to reduce platelet-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Klier
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Sarah Gowert
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven Jäckel
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany.; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany.; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Denorme F, De Meyer SF. The VWF-GPIb axis in ischaemic stroke: lessons from animal models. Thromb Haemost 2016; 116:597-604. [PMID: 27029413 DOI: 10.1160/th16-01-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Ischaemic stroke is caused by a blood clot that obstructs cerebral blood flow. Current treatment mainly consists of achieving fast reperfusion, either via pharmacological thrombolysis using tissue plasminogen activator or via endovascular thrombectomy. Unfortunately, reperfusion therapy is only available to a limited group of patients and reperfusion injury can further aggravate brain damage. Hence, there is an urgent need for better understanding of ischaemic stroke pathophysiology in order to develop novel therapeutic strategies. In recent years, the pathophysiological importance of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in ischaemic stroke has become clear from both clinical and experimental studies. In particular, binding of VWF to platelet glycoprotein Ib (GPIb) has become an interesting target for ischaemic stroke therapy. Recent insights show that inhibting the VWF-GPIb interaction could result in a pro-thrombolytic activity improving cerebral reperfusion rates and concurrently reducing cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion damage. This review gives an overview of the experimental evidence that illustrates the crucial role of the VWF-GPIb axis in ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon F De Meyer
- Simon De Meyer, Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium, Tel.: +32 56 246232, Fax: +32 56 246997, E-mail:
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Gardiner EE, Andrews RK. Platelet receptor expression and shedding: glycoprotein Ib-IX-V and glycoprotein VI. Transfus Med Rev 2014; 28:56-60. [PMID: 24674813 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantity, quality, and lifespan are 3 important factors in the physiology, pathology, and transfusion of human blood platelets. The aim of this review is to discuss the proteolytic regulation of key platelet-specific receptors, glycoprotein(GP)Ib and GPVI, involved in the function of platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis, and nonimmune or immune thrombocytopenia. The scope of the review encompasses the basic science of platelet receptor shedding, practical aspects related to laboratory analysis of platelet receptor expression/shedding, and clinical implications of using the proteolytic fragments as platelet-specific biomarkers in vivo in terms of platelet function and clearance. These topics can be relevant to platelet transfusion regarding both changes in platelet receptor expression occurring ex vivo during platelet storage and/or clinical use of platelets for transfusion. In this regard, quantitative analysis of platelet receptor profiles on blood samples from individuals could ultimately enable stratification of bleeding risk, discrimination between causes of thrombocytopenia due to impaired production vs enhanced clearance, and monitoring of response to treatment prior to change in platelet count.
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Abstract
Activation by elongational flow of von Willebrand factor (VWF) is critical for primary hemostasis. Mutations causing type 2B von Willebrand disease (VWD), platelet-type VWD (PT-VWD), and tensile force each increase affinity of the VWF A1 domain and platelet glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) for one another; however, the structural basis for these observations remains elusive. Directed evolution was used to discover a further gain-of-function mutation in A1 that shifts the long range disulfide bond by one residue. We solved multiple crystal structures of this mutant A1 and A1 containing two VWD mutations complexed with GPIbα containing two PT-VWD mutations. We observed a gained interaction between A1 and the central leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) of GPIbα, previously shown to be important at high shear stress, and verified its importance mutationally. These findings suggest that structural changes, including central GPIbα LRR-A1 contact, contribute to VWF affinity regulation. Among the mutant complexes, variation in contacts and poor complementarity between the GPIbα β-finger and the region of A1 harboring VWD mutations lead us to hypothesize that the structures are on a pathway to, but have not yet reached, a force-induced super high affinity state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Blenner
- From the Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Morgan MB, Agosti SJ, Foulis P, Ramirez G, Rabb H. The Effect of Hemodialysis on the Expression of Platelet Glycoproteins Ib, IIb/IIIa and P-Selectin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 1:133-40. [PMID: 27406428 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.1996.11746297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To determine the effect of hemodialysis on expression of platelet receptors in patients with chronic renal failure. DESIGN Blood sampling performed in chronic HD patients prior to the dialysis session, then 15 and 180 minutes into HD. Both dialysis machine inlet and outlet samples were taken at 15 minutes. Control subjects had a single blood sample taken. PATIENTS Thirteen adult males on chronic hemodialysis and 20 age and sex matched healthy controls. MEASUREMENTS Flow-cytometric analysis of platelet GP-Ib, GP-IIb/IIIa, and P-selectin. Plasma vWF multimers were analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. RESULTS Mean channel fluorescence (MCF) for GP lb was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in pre-dialysis patients compared to controls and decreased further 3 hours into the dialysis session compared to the start of the dialysis treatment (P < 0.01). MCF for GP IIb/IIIa between predialysis patients and controls was similar, but decreased after a single dialysis session (P < 0.01). MCF for P-selectin on platelets was similar in patients and controls, but fewer platelets from the patients expressed P-selectin compared to controls (P < 0.05). Qualitative multimeric analysis of the vWF in patients, pre- and post-HD was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in platelet surface expression of GPIb, GPIIb/IIIa, and P-selectin may, partially contribute to the changes in platelet function seen in patients on hemodialysis. It is unlikely that alterations in the surface expression of these receptors alone can adequately account for the complex platelet and hemostatic changes associated with uremia and the HD procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Morgan
- a Department of Pathology , and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine , James A. Haley Veterans Hospital and the University of South Florida, College of Medicine , Tampa , Florida
| | - S J Agosti
- a Department of Pathology , and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine , James A. Haley Veterans Hospital and the University of South Florida, College of Medicine , Tampa , Florida
| | - P Foulis
- a Department of Pathology , and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine , James A. Haley Veterans Hospital and the University of South Florida, College of Medicine , Tampa , Florida
| | - G Ramirez
- b Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine , James A. Haley Veterans Hospital and the University of South Florida, College of Medicine , Tampa , Florida
| | - H Rabb
- b Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine , James A. Haley Veterans Hospital and the University of South Florida, College of Medicine , Tampa , Florida
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