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Hour MJ, Tsai FJ, Lai IL, Tsao JW, Chiang JH, Chiu YJ, Lu HF, Juan YN, Yang JS, Tsai SC. Efficacy of HMJ-38, a new quinazolinone analogue, against the gemcitabine-resistant MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2023; 13:20-31. [PMID: 38532833 PMCID: PMC10962539 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine is frequently utilized to treat pancreatic cancer. The purpose of our study was to create a gemcitabine-resistant MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line (MIA-GR100) and to evaluate the anti-pancreatic cancer efficacy of HMJ-38, a new quinazolinone analogue. Compared to their parental counterparts, MIA-PaCa-2, established MIA-GR100 cells were less sensitive to gemcitabine. MIA-GR100 cell viability was not affected by 10, 50 and 100 nM gemcitabine concentrations. HMJ-38 reduced MIA-GR100 cell growth and induced autophagy and apoptosis. When stained with monodansylcadaverine (MDC), acridine orange (AO), and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), MIA-GR100 cells shrunk, punctured their membranes, and produced autophagy vacuoles and apoptotic bodies. Combining chloroquine (CQ) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) with HMJ-38 dramatically reduced cell viability, indicating that autophagy function as a cytoprotective mechanism. MIA-GR100 cells treated with both z-VAD-FMK and HMJ-38 were much more viable than those treated with HMJ-38 alone. HMJ-38 promotes apoptosis in MIA-GR100 cells by activating caspases. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of HMJ-38's principal targets, as determined via in silico target screening with network prediction. HMJ-38 also inhibited EGFR kinase activity and EGFR-associated signaling in MIA-GR100 cells. HMJ-38 may be an effective chemotherapeutic adjuvant for gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells, in which it induces an antitumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mann-Jen Hour
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040,
Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333,
Taiwan
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - I-Lu Lai
- Cell Therapy Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - Je-Wei Tsao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040,
Taiwan
| | - Jo-Hua Chiang
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chiayi, 62201,
Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chiu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112201,
Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304,
Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304,
Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ning Juan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040,
Taiwan
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Chiang JH, Yang JS, Lu CC, Hour MJ, Liu KC, Lin JH, Lee TH, Chung JG. Effect of DNA damage response by quinazolinone analogue HMJ-38 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells: evidence for γH2A.X and DNA-PK-dependent pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2013; 33:590-601. [PMID: 24064905 DOI: 10.1177/0960327113504791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to explore the mechanism of quinazolinone analogue HMJ-38-induced DNA damage in endothelial cells in vitro. We attempt to evaluate the antiangiogenetic response utilizing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Herein, the results demonstrated that HMJ-38 incubation triggered DNA damage behavior and showed a longer DNA migration in HUVECs based on the comet assay and the analysis of DNA agarose gel electrophoresis to contact DNA smears. We further gained to determine a marker of DNA double strand breaks, phosphorylated histone H2A.X (Ser139) (γH2A.X), in HMJ-38-treated HUVECs by flow cytometry and Western blotting assay. We consider that HMJ-38 has caused an increase in γH2A.X, and DNA damage seemed to mediate through DNA-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (DNA-PK) binding to Ku70/Ku80 as well as advanced activated p-Akt (Ser473) and stimulated phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK-3β) conditions in HUVECs. Importantly, the effect of above DNA damage response was prevented by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (a reactive oxygen species scavenger), and NU7026 (a DNA-PK inhibitor) could attenuate DNA-PK catalytic subunit and phosphorylation of H2A.X on Ser139 expression in comparison with HMJ-38 alone treated HUVECs. Therefore, HMJ-38-provoked DNA damage stress in HUVECs probably led to the activation of γH2A.X/DNA-PK/GSK-3β signaling. In summary, our novel finding provides more information addressing the pharmacological approach of newly synthesized HMJ-38 for further development and therapeutic application in antiangiogenetic effect of cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Chiang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - J-S Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C-C Lu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - M-J Hour
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - K-C Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - J-H Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - T-H Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - J-G Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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