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Byrd-Leotis L, Lasanajak Y, Bowen T, Baker K, Song X, Suthar MS, Cummings RD, Steinhauer DA. SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses bind to phosphorylated glycans from the human lung. Virology 2021; 562:142-148. [PMID: 34325286 PMCID: PMC8299723 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and potentially SARS-CoV-2 emerged as novel human coronaviruses following cross-species transmission from animal hosts. Although the receptor binding characteristics of human coronaviruses are well documented, the role of carbohydrate binding in addition to recognition of proteinaceous receptors has not been fully explored. Using natural glycan microarray technology, we identified N-glycans in the human lung that are recognized by various human and animal coronaviruses. All viruses tested, including SARS-CoV-2, bound strongly to a range of phosphorylated, high mannose N-glycans and to a very specific set of sialylated structures. Examination of two linked strains, human CoV OC43 and bovine CoV Mebus, reveals shared binding to the sialic acid form Neu5Gc (not found in humans), supporting the evidence for cross-species transmission of the bovine strain. Our findings, revealing robust recognition of lung glycans, suggest that these receptors could play a role in the initial stages of coronavirus attachment and entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Byrd-Leotis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA CEIRS, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Yi Lasanajak
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Thomas Bowen
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kelly Baker
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Surgery and Harvard Medical School Center for Glycoscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xuezheng Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Surgery and Harvard Medical School Center for Glycoscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA CEIRS, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - David A Steinhauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA CEIRS, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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