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He Q, Zuo Z, Song K, Wang W, Yu L, Tang Z, Hu S, Li L, Luo H, Chen Z, Liu J, Lin B, Luo J, Jiang Y, Huang Q, Guo X. Keratin7 and Desmoplakin are involved in acute lung injury induced by sepsis through RAGE. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110867. [PMID: 37660597 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Keratin 7 (Krt7) is a member of the keratin family and is primarily involved in cytoskeleton composition. It has been shown that Krt7 is able to influence its own remodeling and interactions with other signaling molecules via phosphorylation at specific sites unique to Krt7. However, its molecular mechanism in acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear. In this study, differential proteomics was used to analyze lung samples from the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-deficient and (wild-type)WT-septic mice. We screened for the target protein Krt7 and identified Ser53 as the phosphorylation site using mass spectrometry (MS), and this phosphorylation further triggered the deformation and disintegration of Desmoplakin (Dsp), ultimately leading to epithelial barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in sepsis, mDia1/Cdc42/p38 MAPK signaling activation plays a role in septic lung injury. We also explored the mechanism of alveolar dysfunction of the Krt7-Dsp complex in the epithelial cell barrier. In summary, the present findings increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of septic acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zirui Zuo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weiju Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaoliang Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuiwang Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haihua Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenfeng Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinlian Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bingqi Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiaqi Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiaobing Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; National Experimental Education Demonstration Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Kubra KT, Uddin MA, Akhter MS, Leo AJ, Siejka A, Barabutis N. P53 mediates the protective effects of metformin in inflamed lung endothelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108367. [PMID: 34794886 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The endothelial barrier regulates interstitial fluid homeostasis by transcellular and paracellular means. Dysregulation of this semipermeable barrier may lead to vascular leakage, edema, and accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducing microvascular hyperpermeability. Investigating the molecular pathways involved in those events will most probably provide novel therapeutic possibilities in pathologies related to endothelial barrier dysfunction. Metformin (MET) is an anti-diabetic drug, opposes malignancies, inhibits cellular transformation, and promotes cardiovascular protection. In the current study, we assess the protective effects of MET in LPS-induced lung endothelial barrier dysfunction and evaluate the role of P53 in mediating the beneficial effects of MET in the vasculature. We revealed that this biguanide (MET) opposes the LPS-induced dysregulation of the lung microvasculature, since it suppressed the formation of filamentous actin stress fibers, and deactivated cofilin. To investigate whether P53 is involved in those phenomena, we employed the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) - dextran permeability assay, to measure paracellular permeability. Our observations suggest that P53 inhibition increases paracellular permeability, and MET prevents those effects. Our results contribute towards the understanding of the lung endothelium and reveal the significant role of P53 in the MET-induced barrier enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadeja-Tul Kubra
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohammad A Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Antoinette J Leo
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Agnieszka Siejka
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
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Gu J, Tong L, Lin X, Chen Y, Wu H, Wang X, Yu D. The disruption and hyperpermeability of blood-labyrinth barrier mediates cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Toxicol Lett 2021; 354:56-64. [PMID: 34757176 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ototoxic mechanisms of cisplatin on the organ of Corti and spiral ganglion neurons have been extensively studied, while few studies have been focused on the stria vascularis (SV). Herein, we verified the functional and morphological impairment in SV induced by a single injection of cisplatin (12 mg/kg, I.P.), represented by a reduction in Endocochlear Potentials (EP) and strial atrophy, and explored underlying mechanisms. Our results revealed increased extravasation of chromatic tracers (Evans blue dye and FITC-dextran) around microvessels after cisplatin exposure. The increased vascular permeability could be attributed to changes of pericytes (PCs) and perivascular-resident macrophage-like melanocytes (PVM/Ms) in number or morphology, as well as the enhanced level of HIF-1α and downstream VEGF. This capillary leakage led to a high accumulation of cisplatin in the perivascular space in SV, and disrupted the integrity of blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB). Also, tight junction (ZO-1) loosening and Na+, K+-ATPase damage was considered to be other critical contributors of BLB breakdown, which resulted in EP drop and consequent hearing loss. This study explored the role of stria vascularis in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in terms of BLB hyperpermeability and pointed to a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of cisplatin-related hearing loss.
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Kajita Y, Terashima T, Mori H, Islam MM, Irahara T, Tsuda M, Kano H, Takeyama N. A longitudinal change of syndecan-1 predicts risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome and cumulative fluid balance in patients with septic shock: a preliminary study. J Intensive Care 2021; 9:27. [PMID: 33726863 DOI: 10.1186/s40560-021-00543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the time course of syndecan-1 (Syn-1) plasma levels, the correlation between Syn-1 and organ damage development, and the associations of Syn-1 level with cumulative fluid balance and ventilator-free days (VFD) in patients with septic shock. Methods We collected blood samples from 38 patients with septic shock upon their admission to ICU and for the first 7 days of their stay. Syn-1 plasma level, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), other organ damage, VFD, and cumulative fluid balance were assessed daily. Results Over the course of 7 days, Syn-1 plasma levels increased significantly more in patients with ARDS than in those without ARDS. Patients with high levels of Syn-1 in the 72 h after ICU admission had significantly higher cumulative fluid balance, lower PaO2/FiO2, and fewer VFD than patients with low levels of Syn-1. Syn-1 levels did not correlate with sequential organ failure assessment score or with APACHE II score. Conclusions In our cohort of patients with septic shock, higher circulating level of Syn-1 of cardinal glycocalyx component is associated with more ARDS, cumulative positive fluid balance, and fewer VFD. Measurement of Syn-1 levels in patients with septic shock might be useful for predicting patients at high risk of ARDS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40560-021-00543-x.
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Kaye R, Chandra S, Sheth J, Boon CJF, Sivaprasad S, Lotery A. Central serous chorioretinopathy: An update on risk factors, pathophysiology and imaging modalities. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 79:100865. [PMID: 32407978 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a common form of vision loss, typically seen in working-age men. The pathophysiology behind CSC still eludes us, however significant advances have been made in understanding this disease over the last decade using information from genetic and cell-based studies and imaging modalities. This review aims to give an overview of the current pathophysiology hypotheses surrounding CSC in addition to future directions in cellular work from human induced pluripotent stem cell derived choroidal endothelial cells from CSC patients. Furthermore, this review will provide the reader with an update on the clinical aspects of CSC including risk factors, diagnostic challenges and findings from multimodal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kaye
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Shruti Chandra
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, 162, City Road, London, EC1V 2PD, United Kingdom
| | - Jay Sheth
- Surya Eye Institute and Research Center, Mumbai, India
| | - Camiel J F Boon
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Department of Ophthalmology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, 162, City Road, London, EC1V 2PD, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Lotery
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.
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6
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Maity G, Chakraborty J, Ghosh A, Haque I, Banerjee S, Banerjee SK. Aspirin suppresses tumor cell-induced angiogenesis and their incongruity. J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 13:491-502. [PMID: 30610526 PMCID: PMC6946772 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-018-00499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor neovascularization/tumor angiogenesis is a pathophysiological process in which new blood vessels are formed from existing blood vessels in the primary tumors to supply adequate oxygen and nutrition to cancer cells for their proliferation and metastatic growth to the distant organs. Therefore, controlling tumor angiogenesis is an attractive target for cancer therapy. Structural abnormalities of the vasculature (i.e., leakiness due to the abnormal lining of pericytes on the microvessels) are one of the critical features of tumor angiogenesis that sensitizes vascular cells to cytokines and helps circulating tumor cells to metastasize to distant organs. Our goal is to repurpose the drugs that may prevent tumor angiogenesis or normalize the vessels by repairing leakiness via recruiting pericytes or both. In this study, we tested whether aspirin (ASA), which could block primary tumor growth, regulates tumor angiogenesis. We investigated the effects of low (1 mM) and high (2.5 mM) doses of ASA (direct effect), and ASA-treated or untreated triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells' conditioned media (indirect effect) on endothelial cell physiology. These include in vitro migration using modified Boyden chamber assay, in vitro capillary-like structure formation on Matrigel, interactions of pericytes-endothelial cells and cell permeability using in vitro endothelial permeability assay. We also examined the effect of ASA on various molecular factors associated with tumor angiogenesis. Finally, we found the outcome of ASA treatment on in vivo tumor angiogenesis. We found that ASA-treatment (direct or indirect) significantly blocks in vitro migration and capillary-like structure formation by endothelial cells. Besides, we found that ASA recruits pericytes from multipotent stem cells and helps in binding with endothelial cells, which is a hallmark of normalization of blood vessels, and decreases in vitro permeability through endothelial cell layer. The antiangiogenic effect of ASA was also documented in vivo assays. Mechanistically, ASA treatment blocks several angiogenic factors that are associated with tumor angiogenesis, and suggesting ASA blocks paracrine-autocrine signaling network between tumor cells and endothelial cells. Collectively, these studies implicate aspirin with proper dose may provide potential therapeutic for breast cancer via blocking as well as normalizing tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Maity
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jinia Chakraborty
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Blue Valley High School, 16200 Antioch Rd, Overland Park, KS, 66085, USA
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Inamul Haque
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sushanta K Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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Bhat MI, Sowmya K, Kapila S, Kapila R. Escherichia coli K12: An evolving opportunistic commensal gut microbe distorts barrier integrity in human intestinal cells. Microb Pathog 2019; 133:103545. [PMID: 31112772 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Commensal enteric microbes under specific conditions viz. immunocompromised system, altered microbiota or uncompetitive niche induce their otherwise dormant pathogenic phenotype to distort host cellular functioning. Here we investigate how under in vitro environment established by using Caco-2 cells, commensal gut microbe E. coli K12 (ATCC 14849) disrupt intestinal epithelial barrier function. Caco-2 cells exposed to E. coli showed the time dependent significant (P < 0.01) decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and concomitantly increased phenol red flux across cell monolayer in contrast to non infected control cells. E. coli infected intestinal cells were observed with suppressed (p < 0.05) mRNA levels of ZO-1, Claudin-1, Occludin and Cingulin-1 in contrast to significantly (p < 0.05) higher PIgR and hbd-2 mRNA fold changes. Immunofluorescent and electron micrographs revealed the disrupted distribution and localisation of specific tight junction proteins (Zo-1 and Claudin-1) and actin filament in E. coli infected Caco-2 cells that ultimately resulted in deformed cellular morphology. Taken together, E. coli K12 under compromised in vitro milieu disrupted the intestinal barrier functions by decreasing the expression of important tight junction genes along with the altered distribution of associated proteins that increased the intestinal permeability as reflected by phenol red flux and TEER values.
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Alimoradi H, Barzegar-Fallah A, Sammut IA, Greish K, Giles GI. Encapsulation of tDodSNO generates a photoactivated nitric oxide releasing nanoparticle for localized control of vasodilation and vascular hyperpermeability. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 130:297-305. [PMID: 30367997 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of a photoactive nitric oxide (NO) releasing nanoparticle (NP) by encapsulation of the NO donor tert-dodecane S-nitrosothiol (tDodSNO) into a co-polymer of styrene and maleic anhydride (SMA) to afford SMA-tDodSNO. Encapsulation did not affect tDodSNO's stability or NO release profile, but imparted water solubility and protection from degradation reactions with glutathione. Under photoactivation the NP acted as a potent NO donor, with photoactivation acting as a switch to induce localized vasodilation in aortic rings (EC50* 660 nM at 2700 W/m2) and cause vascular hyperpermeability in mesenteric beds (8-fold increase in dye uptake at 1 µM SMA-tDodSNO with 460 W/m2 photoactivation). The NP was markedly superior as a photoactive NO donor in comparison to the S-nitrosothiols GSNO and SNAP, which are commonly used in experimental studies, as well as sodium nitroprusside, a clinically used vasodilator. Future development of this NP may find wide ranging therapeutic applications for treating cardiovascular disease and other disorders related to NO signaling, as well as enhancing macromolecular drug delivery to target organs through selective hyperpermeability. Supporting information describing the biophysical characterization of SMA-tDodSNO is supplied in an accompanying Data in Brief article (Alimoradi et al., doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.10.149).
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Alimoradi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Anita Barzegar-Fallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ivan A Sammut
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Khaled Greish
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, Nanomedicine Unit, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Gregory I Giles
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Alluri H, Shaji CA, Davis ML, Tharakan B. A Mouse Controlled Cortical Impact Model of Traumatic Brain Injury for Studying Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunctions. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1717:37-52. [PMID: 29468582 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7526-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. It is a silently growing epidemic with multifaceted pathogenesis, and current standards of treatments aim to target only the symptoms of the primary injury, while there is a tremendous need to explore interventions that can halt the progression of the secondary injuries. The use of a reliable animal model to study and understand the various aspects the pathobiology of TBI is extremely important in therapeutic drug development against TBI-associated complications. The controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI described here, uses a mechanical impactor to inflict a mechanical injury into the mouse brain. This method is a reliable and reproducible approach to inflict mild, moderate or severe injuries to the animal for studying TBI-associated blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunctions, neuronal injuries, brain edema, neurobehavioral changes, etc. The present method describes how the CCI model could be utilized for determining the BBB dysfunction and hyperpermeability associated with TBI. Blood-brain barrier disruption is a hallmark feature of the secondary injury that occur following TBI, frequently associated with leakage of fluid and proteins into the extravascular space leading to vasogenic edema and elevation of intracranial pressure. The method described here focuses on the development of a CCI-based mouse model of TBI followed by the evaluation of BBB integrity and permeability by intravital microscopy as well as Evans Blue extravasation assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himakarnika Alluri
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Chinchusha Anasooya Shaji
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Matthew L Davis
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Binu Tharakan
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Temple, TX, USA.
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Chang R, Du Y, Peng Z, Lu Y, Zhu X. Acute uveal effusion during phacoemulsification with preoperative central serous chorioretinopathy: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2017; 17:137. [PMID: 28774289 PMCID: PMC5543589 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We report a case of acute uveal effusion during phacoemulsification in an eye with preoperative chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Case presentation A 55-year-old man with a history of chronic CSC for >18 months presented with bilateral opaque lenses. A preoperative ophthalmic examination showed suspected lenticonus and risky anatomical features, including a thick ciliary body, and anterior rotation of the ciliary process and iris root in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) detected CSC in the left eye, but the results of fundus photography and B-scan ultrasonography were unremarkable. The anterior chamber flattened during phacoemulsification. Anterior vitrectomy was quickly performed for suspected infusion misdirection syndrome, and was followed by uneventful surgery. On postoperative day 1, fundus photography, type B ultrasound, and OCT revealed uveal exudation in the macula of the left eye. On postoperative day 50, the patient’s visual acuity recovered to 20/32, and fundus photography, ultrasonography, and OCT revealed complete resolution of the uveal effusion. Conclusions This case suggests an association between preoperative CSC and uveal effusion during surgery, because choroidal hyperperfusion and hyperpermeability were present in the patient’s CSC-affected eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhou Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Li H, Chen Y, Huo F, Wang Y, Zhang D. Association between acute gastrointestinal injury and biomarkers of intestinal barrier function in critically ill patients. BMC Gastroenterol 2017; 17:45. [PMID: 28356059 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the associations of biomarkers of intestinal barrier function and other clinical variables with acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) grade, and of these clinical variables with mortality in critically ill patients. Methods This was a single-center, observational, prospective study. Patients were included if they were diagnosed with AGI and underwent tests for the measurement of plasma levels of intestinal fatty acid–binding protein (i-FABP), d-lactate (d-la), and lipopolysaccharide. General characteristics, AGI grades, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores, Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), and 28-day mortality were recorded and compared among patients with different AGI grades. Results Among the 90 included patients, the APACHE II score, IAP, and LPS and D-la levels significantly differed between the four AGI grades. Multinomial logistic regression analysis with grade I as the reference for grades II, III, and IV revealed that high APACHE II scores increased the odds of AGI grade III (odds ratio [OR], 1.754; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.225–2.511) and grade IV (OR, 1.493; 95% CI, 1.079–2.066). Similarly, IAP increased the odds of AGI grade III (OR, 1.622; 95% CI, 1.111–2.369) and grade IV (OR, 1.518; 95% CI, 1.066–2.162). Elevated D-la increased the odds of AGI grades II (OR, 1.059; 95% CI, 1.005–1.117), III (OR, 1.155; 95% CI, 1.052–2.268), and IV (OR, 1.088; 95% CI, 1.013–1.168). In contrast, i-FABP and LPS did not increase the odds of any AGI grade. SOFA scores could independently predict the odds of death in AGI patients (OR, 1.223; 95% CI, 1.007–1.485). Conclusion AGI patients exhibit loss of gastrointestinal barrier function, and d-la could serve as a better marker of AGI grade than i-FABP or lipopolysaccharide.
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Sun K, Fan J, Han J. Ameliorating effects of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, Chinese materia medica and active compounds on ischemia/reperfusion-induced cerebral microcirculatory disturbances and neuron damage. Acta Pharm Sin B 2015; 5:8-24. [PMID: 26579420 PMCID: PMC4629119 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induced by thrombolytic therapy are conditions with high mortality and serious long-term physical and cognitive disabilities. They have a major impact on global public health. These disorders are associated with multiple insults to the cerebral microcirculation, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, leukocyte adhesion and infiltration, brain blood barrier (BBB) disruption, and capillary hypoperfusion, ultimately resulting in tissue edema, hemorrhage, brain injury and delayed neuron damage. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in China, Korea, Japan and other Asian countries for treatment of a wide range of diseases. In China, the usage of compound TCM preparation to treat cerebrovascular diseases dates back to the Han Dynasty. Even thousands of years earlier, the medical formulary recorded many classical prescriptions for treating cerebral I/R-related diseases. This review summarizes current information and underlying mechanisms regarding the ameliorating effects of compound TCM preparation, Chinese materia medica, and active components on I/R-induced cerebral microcirculatory disturbances, brain injury and neuron damage.
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Key Words
- 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine
- AIF, apoptosis inducing factor
- AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid
- AP-1, activator protein-1
- Antioxidant
- Asp, aspartate
- BBB, brain blood barrier
- BMEC, brain microvascular endothelial cell
- BNDF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- Brain blood barrier
- CAT, catalase
- CBF, cerebral blood flow
- COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2
- Cav-1, caveolin-1
- DHR, dihydrorhodamine 123
- DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid
- GRK2, G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2
- GSH, glutathione
- GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase
- GSSH, glutathione disulfide
- Glu, glutamate
- Gly, glysine
- HE, hematoxylin and eosin
- HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor
- HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
- Hyperpermeability
- I-κBα, Inhibitory κBα
- I/R, ischemia-reperfusion
- ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- IL-10, interleukin-10
- IL-1β, interleukin-1β
- IL-8, interleukin-8
- Ischemia/reperfusion
- JAM-1, junctional adhesion molecule-1
- JNK, Jun N-terminal kinase
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- Leukocyte adhesion
- MAPK, mitogen activated protein kinase
- MCAO, middle cerebral artery occlusion
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κ-B
- NGF, nerve growth factor
- NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartic acid
- NO, nitric oxide
- NSC, neural stem cells
- Neuron
- OGD, oxygen-glucose deprivation
- PARP, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase
- PMN, polymorphonuclear
- RANTES, regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SFDA, state food and drug administration
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- TGF-β1, transforming growth factor β1
- TIMP-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1
- TNF-α, tissue necrosis factor-α
- TTC, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride
- TUNEL, terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling
- Tuj-1, class III β-tublin
- VCAM-1, vascular adhesion molecule-1
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- ZO-1, zonula occludens-1
- bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor
- cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
- rtPA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator
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