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Wu H, Sun Z, Wang H, Chen B, Hu X, Li X. Impacts of spatial expansion by Phragmites australis on spatiotemporal variation of sulfur fractions in marsh soils of the Min River estuary, Southeast China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168910. [PMID: 38013101 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the impacts of spatial expansion by Phragmites australis on spatiotemporal variations of sulfur (S) fractions in marsh soils of the Min River estuary (Southeast China), the contents of total sulfur (TS) and inorganic sulfur (IS) fractions (Water-Soluble-S, W-S-S; Adsorbed-S, A-S; HCl-Soluble-S, H-S-S; and HCl-Volatile-S, H-V-S) were determined in soils of Cyperus malaccensis marsh (before expansion, BE stage), P. australis-C. malaccensis marsh (during expansion, DE stage) and P. australis marsh (after expansion, AE stage) by space-for-time substitution method. Results showed that the expansion of P. australis greatly altered the spatiotemporal variations of TS and IS fractions in marsh soils. The TS contents in soils at AE stage were significantly lower than those at DE and BE stages throughout a year (p < 0.01). Higher levels of W-S-S, A-S, H-S-S and total inorganic sulfur (TIS) generally occurred in soils at DE and AE stages, whereas higher values of H-V-S were observed in soils at BE stage. Although P. australis expansion did not alter the temporal variations of TS stock in soils greatly, the values during autumn and winter were generally higher than those in spring and summer (p < 0.05). The highest TIS stocks in soils of different expansion stages were observed in spring, while the lowest values occurred in summer. The expansion of P. australis significantly increased the IS supply capacity of soils and, compared with the BE stage, stocks of W-S-S, A-S, H-S-S and TIS in soils of all sampling seasons at DE and AE stages increased by 51.40 %, 50.76 %, 63.35 %, 50.52 % and 20.00 %, 31.46 %, 42.93 %, 27.56 %, respectively. It was worth noting that stocks of H-V-S in soils at DE and AE stages showed a decreasing trend compared to the BE stage, implying that the expansion of P. australis might reduce the production of sulfides. This paper found that, compared with C. malaccensis, the increased available IS stocks in soils might be an effective strategy for P. australis to maintain its expansion advantage and the decreased volatile-S in soils might be more favorable for boosting its competitiveness. Our study provided valuable information for understanding the interspecific competition mechanism between P. australis and C. malaccensis. Next step, in order to protect the diversity of marsh vegetations in the Min River estuary, effective measures should be taken to suppress the rapid expansion of P. australis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigao Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingbing Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China; College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyun Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Center, Dongying 257000, People's Republic of China
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Beltrán R, Cebrián N, Zornoza C, García Breijo F, Reig Armiñana J, Garmendia A, Merle H. Effect of sulfur on pollen germination of Clemenules mandarin and Nova tangelo. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14775. [PMID: 36778141 PMCID: PMC9912945 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate whether sulfur can inhibit citrus pollination by affecting pollen grains. For this, four sulfur-based products (inorganic sulfur, water dispersible granular sulfur, ammonium sulfate, copper sulfate) were tested to evaluate their effect on pollen germination and pollen tube growth of two citrus varieties: Clemenules mandarin (Citrus clementina) and Nova tangelo (Citrus clementina x [Citrus paradisi x Citrus reticulata]). Pollen grains were extracted from the flowers of these two varieties and subsequently placed in Petri dishes with modified BK (boron and potassium) germination medium with six concentrations of the sulfur-based products (0.2, 2, 20, 200, 2,000, 20,000 mg l-1). All the dishes were incubated and the pollen germination rate was calculated. All the sulfur products showed progressive pollen germination inhibition with a rising sulfur concentration. CTC50 (50% cytotoxicity inhibition) was around 20 mg l-1, with significant differences among treatments. Total pollen germination inhibition took place at 20,000 mg l-1. These results demonstrate that sulfur application can affect citrus pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Beltrán
- Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nuria Cebrián
- Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Zornoza
- Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco García Breijo
- Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Reig Armiñana
- Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Garmendia
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Hugo Merle
- Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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Yan S, Xia D, Liu X. Beneficial migration of sulfur element during scrap tire depolymerization with supercritical water: A molecular dynamics and DFT study. Sci Total Environ 2021; 776:145835. [PMID: 33652313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Complete depolymerization of scrap tires (ST) to valuable oil products and fuel gas could be achieved by supercritical water (SCW) technology. For implementing this promising technology, migration mechanism of sulfur element during the entire ST-SCW depolymerization process was identified to reduce the sulfur pollutions. In the depolymerization process of ST, OH radicals released from SCW molecules could enhance cleavage of CS bonds, resulting sulfur-containing intermediates. The intermediates could be further oxidized by free OH radicals and transformed into inorganic sulfur molecules mainly consisting of SO42-, S2O32-, SO32- and S2-. In this study, a combined ReaxFF-MD and DFT method was performed to study the detailed sulfur migration mechanism during ST depolymerization in the presence of SCW and provided a strategy to fix low-valent sulfur in aqueous solution for separation of sulfur from the oil & gas products. This work provides a guidance to make ST-SCW technology cleaner and cheaper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dehong Xia
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiangjun Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Lin J, Liao Q, Hu Y, Ma R, Cui C, Sun S, Liu X. Effects of Process Parameters on Sulfur Migration and H 2S Generation during Supercritical Water Gasification of Sludge. J Hazard Mater 2021; 403:123678. [PMID: 32827862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The generation of sulfur-containing pollution products affects the quality of biofuels obtained from the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of sludge. This study investigates the effects of the gasification temperature, moisture content, and reaction atmosphere on the evolution of sulfur-containing compounds. The results showed that temperature was the key parameter causing the migration of sulfur from sludge to biogas and liquid products. The sludge decomposition reaction was dominated by ionic reactions at 360 °C, while the decomposition of organic matter was converted to free radical reactions as the temperature increased from 380 °C to 440 °C. The mercaptan and thioether contents of the bio-oil decreased to 0.3% at 440 °C. Correspondingly, the concentration of H2S increased from 6.7 ppm to 38.0 ppm. The decomposition of organic sulfur with an unstable structure (S-H bond and S-C bond) was the main cause of the increase in the content of H2S. Additionally, the solubility and oxidation properties of supercritical water were extremely strong. Some sulfur-containing organic compounds were converted into SO42- via hydrolysis and oxidation reactions, forming sulfate crystals with heavy metals in the bio-char, which aided in achieving the synergistic immobilization of sulfur and heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Lin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qinxiong Liao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yaping Hu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Chongwei Cui
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Shichang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Research Center for Water Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518055, China.
| | - Xiangli Liu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Aerospace Detection and Imaging, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
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Jiang M, Sheng Y, Liu Q, Wang W, Liu X. Conversion mechanisms between organic sulfur and inorganic sulfur in surface sediments in coastal rivers. Sci Total Environ 2021; 752:141829. [PMID: 33207531 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Geochemical processes of sulfur (S) in river aquatic systems play a crucial role in environmental evolution. In this study, the distributions and sources of reduced inorganic sulfur (RIS) and organic sulfur (OS) in coastal river surface sediments were investigated. The results indicated that OS dominated total S (80%), and OS (i.e., humic acid sulfur, HAS; fulvic acid sulfur, FAS) correlated with the availability of labile organic matter (OM) and reactive iron (Fe). Terrigenous inputs and sulfurization contributed to the enrichment of FAS through the S reduction. Autochthonous biological inputs were potential sources of HAS from S oxidization. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the main sources of S in surface sediments were deposited as the form of organic ester-sulfate. Aquatic life could break S down further, producing reduced S compounds accumulated as thiols and RIS in anoxic sediments. RIS was dominated by acid volatile sulfur (AVS) and chromium (II)-reducible sulfur (CRS). Reactive Fe oxides were major control factors for the conversation from hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to AVS, whereas elemental sulfide (ES) controlled the conversion from AVS into CRS in coastal rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqing Sheng
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.
| | - Qunqun Liu
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaozhu Liu
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu J, Jiang T, Huang R, Wang D, Zhang J, Qian S, Yin D, Chen H. A simulation study of inorganic sulfur cycling in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China and the implications for mercury methylation. Chemosphere 2017; 166:31-40. [PMID: 27681258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The water level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in China experiences a drying and wetting rotation every year, and the water level induced redox variation may influence inorganic sulfur speciation and mercury methylation. In this work, a simulative flooding and drying experiment and a sulfate added flooding experiment were conducted to study this topic. The results showed that sulfate was reduced from the 10th d during the flooding period based on the detected sulfide in water and the increased elemental sulfur (S0) in sediment. Sulfate reduction and sulfide re-oxidation led to the increase of S0 contents with the maximal values of 1.86 and 0.46 mg kg-1 during the flooding and drying period, respectively. Methylmercury (MeHg) content in sediment displayed a rising trend (0.16-0.28 μg kg-1) in the first 40 d during the flooding period, and then declined from 0.28 to 0.15 μg kg-1. A positive correlation between MeHg content and S0 content in soil (r = 0.53, p < 0.05) was found during the flooding period, and a positive but not significant correlation between the percent of MeHg in THg (%MeHg) and S0 content (r = 0.85, p = 0.08). In sulfate added flooding simulation, MeHg content in sediment did not increase with the sulfate concentration increasing. The increased pyrite in high-sulfate treatment may fix mercury through adsorption process. This study demonstrated that inorganic sulfur species especially S0 and chromium reducible sulfur (CRS) play an important role on mercury methylation in the WLFZ of the TGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-90183, Sweden
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China.
| | - Sheng Qian
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Deliang Yin
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
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Ha AW, Hong KH, Kim HS, Kim WK. Inorganic sulfur reduces cell proliferation by inhibiting of ErbB2 and ErbB3 protein and mRNA expression in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Nutr Res Pract 2013; 7:89-95. [PMID: 23610600 PMCID: PMC3627935 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2013.7.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary inorganic sulfur is the minor component in our diet, but some studies suggested that inorganic sulfur is maybe effective to treat cancer related illness. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of inorganic sulfur on cell proliferation and gene expression in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured the absence or presence of various concentrations (12.5, 25, or 50 µmol/L) of inorganic sulfur. Inorganic sulfur significantly decreased proliferation after 72 h of incubation (P < 0.05). The protein expression of ErbB2 and its active form, pErbB2, were significantly reduced at inorganic sulfur concentrations of 50 µmol/L and greater than 25 µmol/L, respectively (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of ErbB2 was significantly reduced at an inorganic sulfur concentration of 50 µmol/L (P < 0.05). The protein expression of ErbB3 and its active form, pErbB3, and the mRNA expression of ErbB3 were significantly reduced at inorganic sulfur concentrations greater than 25 µmol/L (P < 0.05). The protein and mRNA expression of Akt were significantly reduced at an inorganic sulfur concentration of 50 µmol/L (P < 0.05), but pAkt was not affected by inorganic sulfur treatment. The protein and mRNA expression of Bax were significantly increased with the addition of inorganic sulfur concentration of 50 µmol/L (P < 0.05). In conclusion, cell proliferation was suppressed by inorganic sulfur treatment through the ErbB-Akt pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Wha Ha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, 126 Jukjeon-dong, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyunggi 448-701, Korea
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Kim JJ, Ha AW, Kim HS, Kim WK. Inorganic sulfur reduces the motility and invasion of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Nutr Res Pract 2011; 5:375-80. [PMID: 22125673 PMCID: PMC3221821 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2011.5.5.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of inorganic sulfur on metastasis in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured in the absence or presence of various concentrations (12.5, 25, or 50 µmol/L) of inorganic sulfur. Cell motility, invasion, and the activity and mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) were examined. Numbers of viable MDA-MB-231 cells did not differ by inorganic sulfur treatment from 0 to 50 µmol/L within 48 h. Inorganic sulfur significantly decreased cell motility and invasion in the MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), as determined using a Boyden chamber assay and a Matrigel chamber. The activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly reduced by inorganic sulfur in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The inorganic sulfur also significantly inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in the cells (P < 0.05). These data suggest that inorganic sulfur can suppress cancer cell motility and invasion by inhibiting MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity and gene expression in MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Joo Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, 126 Jukjeon-dong, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyunggi 448-701, Korea
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