1
|
Ireland J, Segura J, Shi G, Buchwald J, Roth G, Shen TJ, Wang R, Ji X, Fischer ER, Moir S, Chun TW, Sun PD. Inhibition of HIV-1 release by ADAM metalloproteinase inhibitors. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1385775. [PMID: 38572241 PMCID: PMC10987949 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 gp120 glycan binding to C-type lectin adhesion receptor L-selectin/CD62L on CD4 T cells facilitates viral attachment and entry. Paradoxically, the adhesion receptor impedes HIV-1 budding from infected T cells and the viral release requires the shedding of CD62L. To systematically investigate CD62L-shedding mediated viral release and its potential inhibition, we screened compounds specific for serine-, cysteine-, aspartyl-, and Zn-dependent proteases for CD62L shedding inhibition and found that a subclass of Zn-metalloproteinase inhibitors, including BB-94, TAPI, prinomastat, GM6001, and GI25423X, suppressed CD62L shedding. Their inhibition of HIV-1 infections correlated with enzymatic suppression of both ADAM10 and 17 activities and expressions of these ADAMs were transiently induced during the viral infection. These metalloproteinase inhibitors are distinct from the current antiretroviral drug compounds. Using immunogold labeling of CD62L, we observed association between budding HIV-1 virions and CD62L by transmission electron microscope, and the extent of CD62L-tethering of budding virions increased when the receptor shedding is inhibited. Finally, these CD62L shedding inhibitors suppressed the release of HIV-1 virions by CD4 T cells of infected individuals and their virion release inhibitions correlated with their CD62L shedding inhibitions. Our finding reveals a new therapeutic approach targeted at HIV-1 viral release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ireland
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Jason Segura
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Genbin Shi
- Center for Structural Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Julianna Buchwald
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Gwynne Roth
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Thomas Juncheng Shen
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Ruipeng Wang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Xinhua Ji
- Center for Structural Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth R. Fischer
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Susan Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tae-Wook Chun
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Peter D. Sun
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Watany MM, Abdou S, Elkolaly R, Elgharbawy N, Hodeib H. Evaluation of admission levels of P, E and L selectins as predictors for thrombosis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Clin Exp Med 2022; 22:567-575. [PMID: 35061142 PMCID: PMC8778493 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-021-00787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Thromboembolic complications are the most reported cause of death in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Hypercoagulability, platelets activation and endotheliopathy are well-recognized features in COVID-19 patients. The aim of this work was to evaluate circulating soluble selectins P, E and L at the time of hospital admission as predictors for upcoming thrombosis. This retrospective study included 103 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 50 healthy volunteer controls. COVID-19 patients were categorized into two groups; group 1 who developed thrombosis during hospitalization and group 2 who did not. Soluble selectins were quantitated using ELISA technique. Higher levels of sP-selectin, sE-selectin and sL-selectin were detected in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Furthermore, significantly higher levels were found in group 1 compared to group 2. Their means were [5.86 ± 1.72 ng/mL vs. 2.51 ± 0.81 ng/mL]; [50 ± 8.57 ng/mL vs. 23.96 ± 6.31 ng/mL] and [4.66 ± 0.83 ng/mL vs. 2.95 ± 0.66 ng/mL] for sP-selectin, sE-selectin and sL-selectin respectively. The elevated selectins correlated with the currently used laboratory biomarkers of disease severity. After adjustment of other factors, sP-selectin, sE-selectin and sL-selectin were independent predictors for thrombosis. At sP-selectin ≥ 3.2 ng/mL, sE-selectin ≥ 32.5 ng/mL and sL-selectin ≥ 3.6 ng/mL thrombosis could be predicted with 97.1%, 97.6% and 96.5% sensitivity. A panel of the three selectins provided 100% clinical sensitivity. Admission levels of circulating soluble selectins P, E and L can predict thrombosis in COVID-19 patients and could be used to identify patients who need prophylactic anticoagulants. E-selectin showed a superior clinical performance, as thrombo-inflammation biomarker, to the most commonly studied P-selectin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Watany
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Medical Campus, El Giesh st., Tanta, El-Gharbia Governorate, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Saied Abdou
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Medical Campus, El Giesh st., Tanta, El-Gharbia Governorate, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Reham Elkolaly
- Chest department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Elgharbawy
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hossam Hodeib
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Medical Campus, El Giesh st., Tanta, El-Gharbia Governorate, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
HIV envelope glycoprotein is the most heavily glycosylated viral protein complex identified with over 20 glycans on its surface. This glycan canopy is thought to primarily shield the virus from host immune recognition as glycans are poor immunogens in general, however rare HIV neutralizing antibodies nevertheless potently recognize the glycan epitopes. While CD4 and chemokine receptors have been known as viral entry receptor and coreceptor, for many years the role of viral glycans in HIV entry was controversial. Recently, we showed that HIV envelope glycan binds to L-selectin in solution and on CD4 T lymphocytes. The viral glycan and L-selectin interaction functions to facilitate the viral adhesion and entry. Upon entry, infected CD4 T lymphocytes are stimulated to progressively shed L-selectin and suppressing this lectin receptor shedding greatly reduced HIV viral release and caused aggregation of diminutive virus-like particles within experimental infections and from infected primary T lymphocytes derived from both viremic and aviremic individuals. As shedding of L-selectin is mediated by ADAM metalloproteinases downstream of host-cell stimulation, these findings showed a novel mechanism for HIV viral release and offer a potential new class of anti-HIV compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Segura
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Biao He
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Joanna Ireland
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Zhongcheng Zou
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Thomas Shen
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Gwynne Roth
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Peter D Sun
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
High endothelial venules (HEVs) are structurally distinct blood vessels that develop during embryonic and neonatal life in all secondary lymphoid organs except the spleen. HEVs are critical for initiating and maintaining immune responses because they extract naïve and memory lymphocytes from the bloodstream, regardless of antigen receptor specificity, and deliver them to antigen-presenting cells inside lymph nodes under homeostatic conditions. HEVs also develop postnatally in nonlymphoid organs during chronic inflammation driven by autoimmunity, infection, allografts, and cancer. Extranodal HEVs are usually surrounded by dense lymphocytic infiltrates organized into lymph-node like, T- and B-cell-rich areas called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). HEV neogenesis is thought to facilitate the generation of tissue-destroying lymphocytes inside chronically inflamed tissues and cancers.We are studying the mechanisms underpinning HEV neogenesis in solid cancers and the role of homeostatic T-cell trafficking in controlling cancer immunity. In this chapter we describe methods for identifying HEV in tissue sections of cancerous tissues in humans and mice using immunohistochemical staining for the HEV-specific marker peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd). L-selectin binding to PNAd is a necessary first step in homeostatic lymphocyte trafficking which is the defining function of HEV. We also describe methods to measure L-selectin-dependent homing of lymphocytes from the bloodstream into lymphoid tissues and tumors in preclinical cancer models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Jones
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Awen Gallimore
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ann Ager
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Borchardt J, Berger JR. Re-evaluating the incidence of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2016; 8:145-50. [PMID: 27456891 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prospective risk of developing PML during therapy with natalizumab in JCV-seropositive patients. METHODS We analyzed postmarketing data about the incidence of PML on natalizumab, and quantified the risk by either applying the Kaplan-Meier estimator or, where this was not possible due to the unavailability of the respective raw data, using formulae yielding very similar figures. RESULTS In JCV-seropositive patients with prior immunosuppressant (IS) use, the incidence of PML during months 25-48 of natalizumab therapy is about 19.5 per thousand. Without prior IS use, the incidence during months 25-48 is approximately 7.4 per thousand, and during months 49-72, it is approximately 10.8 per thousand. If one additionally assumes that the JCV index is in the range 0.9-1.5, then the incidence during months 49-72 is around 6.2 per thousand in comparison to 17.0 per thousand when the JCV index exceeds 1.5. CONCLUSIONS Biogen's statistics concerning the risk of PML on natalizumab, while in principle helpful, underestimate the true incidence systematically and significantly; realistic estimates of the longterm risk of PML are nearly double those previously published, with some patient groups carrying a risk that is almost nine times higher. Fortunately, a refined risk-stratification algorithm with the incorporation of such markers as L-selectin and CSF lipid-specific IgM bands has the potential to make natalizumab a considerably safer drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph R Berger
- The Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|