1
|
Shah S, Asawa P, Abel S, Wegner RE. Validation of the Neoadjuvant Rectal Cancer (NAR) Score for Prognostication Following Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:829-836. [PMID: 36253514 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The neoadjuvant rectal cancer (NAR) score is a prognostic tool for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT). It has been previously validated as an endpoint that predicts survival more accurately than pathologic complete response (pCR) and is the primary endpoint of the ongoing NRG-GI002 Phase II trial. Using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), we aimed to validate the NAR score's ability to predict survival in a large hospital-based dataset. METHODS We queried the NCDB to identify locally advanced rectal cancer patients from 2004 to 2015 that received TNT followed by surgical resection. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves evaluating NAR score and pCR separately. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors associated with survival. Multivariate regression was used to evaluate characteristics associated with a favorable (< 14.98) NAR score. RESULTS From > 264,000 patients diagnosed with rectal adenocarcinoma in the NCDB, our final cohort yielded 209 patients with a median age of 62 years. Factors associated with worse survival included age > 62 years old (p = 0.04), lower income (p = 0.03), and unfavorable (≥ 14.98) NAR score (p = 0.04). On multivariate regression, tumors with perineural invasion and a higher comorbidity score (> 1) were less likely to have a favorable NAR response (p = 0.01 and p = 0.01). pCR was not associated with improved survival (p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS Our study validates the NAR score as a prognostic tool in patients receiving TNT for LARC. Tumors with perineural invasion and patients with a higher comorbidity score had worse NAR scores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, 320 E. North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Palash Asawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, 320 E. North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Stephen Abel
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Level 02, 320 E. North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Rodney E Wegner
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Level 02, 320 E. North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gunther JR, Chadha AS, Guha S, Raju GS, Maru DM, Munsell MF, Jiang Y, Yang P, Felix E, Clemons M, Mathew GG, Singh PK, Skibber JM, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Chang GJ, Eng C, Delclos ME, Crane CH, Das P, Krishnan S. A phase II randomized double blinded trial evaluating the efficacy of curcumin with pre-operative chemoradiation for rectal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:2938-2950. [PMID: 36636059 PMCID: PMC9830363 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-22-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In vivo studies demonstrate that curcumin increases radioresponse of colorectal cancers. To demonstrate efficacy in humans, we performed a randomized double-blind study of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients receiving pre-operative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) ± curcumin. We used pathologic complete response (pCR) rate as a surrogate for clinical outcome. Methods From 2008-2010, LARC patients were randomized to placebo/curcumin in a 1:2 ratio. Patients received CRT [50.4 gray in 28 fractions; capecitabine (825 mg/m2 twice daily)] followed by surgery. Curcumin (4 grams orally, twice daily) or placebo was given throughout CRT and 6 weeks afterward. Toxicity was monitored weekly. Blood samples taken pre- and 1-hour post-ingestion and tissue biopsies (both collected at CRT week 2) were analyzed for pharmacokinetics. The primary outcome was surgical pCR rate. Results Of 22 enrolled patients, 15 received curcumin. Median age was 61 years and the majority were male (n=13; 59%). The median serum curcumin concentrations before (3.04 ng/mL; range, 1.24-18.88 ng/mL) and 1 hour after (3.32 ng/mL; range, 0.84-5.36 ng/mL) curcumin intake did not differ significantly (P=0.33). Serum curcumin concentrations both increased and decreased 1-hour post-administration (range as percentage of baseline: 8.8-258.1%). Twelve curcumin patient tissue biopsies had median curcumin concentration of 33.7 ng/mg tissue (range, 0.1-4,765.7 ng/mg). Two placebo and 1 curcumin patient achieved pCRs (P=0.18). One grade 3 toxicity (infection) was experienced. Conclusions The addition of curcumin to CRT did not increase pCR rates for LARC patients. The unpredictable bioavailability of curcumin contributes to continued uncertainties regarding curcumin efficacy. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00745134.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian R. Gunther
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Awalpreet S. Chadha
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sushovan Guha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gottumukkala S. Raju
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dipen M. Maru
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark F. Munsell
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edd Felix
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marilyn Clemons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Geena George Mathew
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - John M. Skibber
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Miguel A. Rodriguez-Bigas
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George J. Chang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cathy Eng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marc E. Delclos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher H. Crane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Prajnan Das
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, UT Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou J, Li T, Xiao Y, Lin J, Chen X, Peng S, Huang M, Shi X, Cai L, Huang P, Huang M. Development and external validation of prognostic nomograms for liver disease-free and overall survival in locally advanced rectal cancer with neoadjuvant therapy: a post cohort study based on the FOWARC trial. Ann Transl Med 2022; 10:694. [PMID: 35845530 PMCID: PMC9279784 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-2790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background There is still a lack of nomograms that can accurately predict liver metastasis and poor prognosis after neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Effective nomograms may help clinicians better identify LARC patients with potential high-risk risks, so as to carry out more targeted monitoring, treatment and follow-up. Methods The nomograms were based on the FOWARC trial (NCT01211210), which included 302 LARC patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment before surgery at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2011 to 2014. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomograms were determined by the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve. The results were validated using bootstrap resampling and a prospective study on 100 patients in 2017. Results The 3-year liver disease-free survival (LDFS) rate after neoadjuvant treatment for LARC was 91.65% (training cohort 92.22%, validation cohort 90.01%). Factors associated with LDFS were hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, anemia, lymph node number, postoperative T stage and tumor nodule, which were all included in the nomogram for LDFS. The C-indies of the nomogram for LDFS were 0.828 and 0.845 in the training and validation cohorts. The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 94.14% (training cohort 94.13%, validation cohort 94.05%). Factors in the nomogram for OS were mesorectal fascia involvement (MRF), postoperative N stage, pathological differentiation, tumor nodule and neural invasion. The C-indies of the nomogram for predicting OS were 0.73 and 0.774 in the training and validation cohorts. The calibration curve for the survival probability showed good agreement between the nomogram predictions and the actual observations. Conclusions The nomograms established in this study can effectively predict LDFS and has good clinical application potential for OS in LARC patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhou
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tuoyang Li
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanlv Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxin Lin
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Chen
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyong Peng
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhe Huang
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuebin Shi
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linbin Cai
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinzhu Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meijin Huang
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Jiang T, Xiao L, Yang S, Liu Q, Gao Y, Chen G, Xiao W. Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) versus Standard Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Oncologist 2021; 26:e1555-e1566. [PMID: 33987952 PMCID: PMC8417863 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is a novel approach for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), which attempts to deliver both systemic chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy prior to surgery. However, its efficacy and safety remain controversial in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We conducted this meta-analysis to assess such concerns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Head-to-head phase II/III RCTs were searched in Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, as well as other sources. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR). Secondary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and the R0 resection rate. RESULTS Eight phase II/III RCTs involving 2,196 patients with LARC were assessed. The primary analysis demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the pCR rate for TNT treatment (odds ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-2.45; p = .0005). TNT treatment also showed improvements in DFS and OS outcomes compared with standard chemoradiotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72-0.96; p = .03 and HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74-1.05; p = .15). In addition, TNT treatment showed significant efficacy in reducing the risk of distant metastasis (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.95; p = .012). CONCLUSION The overall pCR rate may be improved with TNT compared with standard treatment. The TNT strategy may also improve DFS and OS and reduce the risk of distant metastasis. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is a relatively common disease, with a poor prognosis because of its high metastatic potential. The role of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has always been controversial. This meta-analysis found that TNT in LARC is associated with a significant improvement in overall pathologic complete response rate, disease-free survival, overall survival, and distant metastasis-free survival compared with standard treatment. TNT is a promising strategy for LARC, especially for patients who have little desire for surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Section II, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityJiangmenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Shanfei Yang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Gao
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Xiao
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Geng JH, Zhang YZ, Li YH, Li S, Wang L, Wang ZL, Zhu XG, Bu ZD, Li ZY, Su XQ, Cai Y, Wu AW, Wang WH. Preliminary results of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiation therapy based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on locally advanced rectal cancer with clinically suspected positive lateral pelvic lymph nodes. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:217. [PMID: 33708844 PMCID: PMC7940951 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Lateral pelvic lymph node (LPLN) is approximately 11–14% and always associated with poorer prognosis. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiation therapy (SIB-IMRT) based on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with clinically suspected positive LPLNs. Methods We retrospectively screened distal LARC patients with NCRT in our center from May 2016 and June 2019. The diagnostic criteria of positive LPLN were nodes of over 7 mm in short axis and irregular border or mixed-signal intensity. All patients with clinically suspected positive LPLN received 56–60 Gy SIB-IMRT in the LPLN area. Concurrent chemotherapy regimens were capecitabine as monotherapy treatment or in combination with oxaliplatin. The toxicities, local-regional recurrence (LRR), and disease-free survival (DFS) were investigated. Results Fifty-two eligible patients with clinically suspected positive LPLN were screened and analyzed. The median distance from the distal tumor to the anal verge was 4 cm (range, 0–8 cm), while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis revealed the median short diameter of the pelvic LPLN to be 8 mm (range, 7–20 mm). There were 28 (53.8%) mesorectal fascia (MRF) positive and 22 (42.3%) extramural venous invasion (EMVI) positive patients. A radiotherapy dose of 41.8 Gy was administered to the pelvic area, while the LPLN received a median SIB dose of 60.0 Gy (range, 56–60 Gy) across 22 fractions. Synchronous capecitabine with or without oxaliplatin was administered during radiotherapy. In summary, 15 (28.8%) patients displayed grade 2–3 radiation-related toxicity, 8 (15.4%) patients underwent additional LPLN dissection, and positive nodes (26 nodes in total) were not observed. One patient suffered a LLR in the presacral region. The median follow-up duration was 21.2 months (range, 4.7–45.0 months), while the duration of 1- and 2-year DFS were 89.9% and 74.6%, respectively. Patients did not display LPLN recurrence. Conclusions The safety and efficacy of SIB-IMRT on clinically suspected positive LPLN of LARC patients were deemed acceptable. Patients did not exhibit in-field LPLN recurrence after NCRT combined with single total mesorectal excision (TME).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hao Geng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yang-Zi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Gao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-De Bu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Qian Su
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Wen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Y, Liu D, Zhao L, Güngör C, Song X, Wang D, Liu W, Tan F. Accurate nomograms with excellent clinical value for locally advanced rectal cancer. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:296. [PMID: 33708923 PMCID: PMC7944304 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Rectal cancer accounts for approximately 30–50% of colorectal cancer. Despite its widespread use and convenience, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for predicting survival is prone to inaccuracy, even including a survival paradox for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). An accurate risk stratification of LARC is essential for proper treatment selection and prognostic evaluation. Therefore, we aimed to create prognostic nomograms for LARC capable of assessing overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) precisely and intuitively. Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was accessed. All of the significant variables in the multivariate analysis were integrated to build the nomograms. Results Data for a total of 23,055 patients with LARC were collected from the SEER database in this study. Based on the multivariate Cox regression analysis, both OS and CSS were significantly associated with 13 variables: age, marital status, race, pathological grade, histological type, T stage, N stage, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, regional nodes examined (RNE), tumor size, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). These were included in the construction of nomograms for OS and CSS. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), concordance index, and calibration curves demonstrated the discriminative superiority of the nomograms. Conclusions The nomograms, which effectively solve the issue of the survival paradox in the AJCC staging system regarding LARC, may act as excellent tools for integrating clinical characteristics and to guiding therapeutic choices for LARC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Da Liu
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lilan Zhao
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Cenap Güngör
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xiangping Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wenxue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengbo Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang C, Xu L, Qin Q, Liu J, Tang X, Jiang N, Zhang Z, Li F, Cheng H, Chen J, Sun X. Good response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy predicts good oncological outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2019; 8:150-159. [PMID: 35116744 PMCID: PMC8799075 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.01.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After pre-operative concurrent long course chemoradiotherapy (CRT), pathologic complete response (pCR) has been reported with better oncologic outcomes in many articles, whether a moderate response (TRG1) can translate into good clinical outcome remains uncertain. METHODS A total of 132 locally advanced rectal cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery were recruited. Their clinicopathologic characteristics and clinical records were retrospectively reviewed. The association between clinicopathologic parameters and pathological response was conducted, and the multivariable analysis of the association between pathologic response and survival was performed. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 21.5 months, gender was the only factor associated with pCR (TRG0), while dual-agent chemotherapy regimen was linked with a lower likelihood of good response (TRG0-1). Good response (TGR0-1) remained significant associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) after multivariate adjustment. TRG1 was linked with better DFS compared with TRG2-3. CONCLUSIONS Patients with post-CRT good response (TRG0-1) demonstrate an excellent local and remote control, especially with those non-pCR patients (TRG1) getting better outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhaoyue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hongyan Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jiayan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fusco R, Sansone M, Petrillo A. A comparison of fitting algorithms for diffusion-weighted MRI data analysis using an intravoxel incoherent motion model. MAGMA 2016; 30:113-120. [PMID: 27670762 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-016-0591-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The objective of this study is to propose a modified VARiable PROjection (VARPRO) algorithm specifically tailored for fitting the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model to diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) data from locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The proposed algorithm is compared with classical non-linear least squares (NLLS) analysis using the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm and with two recently proposed algorithms for 'segmented' analysis. These latter two comprise two consecutive steps: first, a subset of parameters is estimated using a portion of data; second, the remaining parameters are estimated using the whole data and the previous estimates. The comparison between the algorithms was based on the [Formula: see text] goodness-of-fit measure: performance analysis was carried out on real data obtained by DW-MRI on 40 LARC patients. RESULTS The performance of the proposed algorithm was higher than that of LM in 64 % of cases; 'segmented' methods were poorer than our algorithm in 100 % of cases. CONCLUSION The proposed modified VARPRO algorithm can lead to better fit of the IVIM model to LARC DW-MRI data compared to other techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Fusco
- Radiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Imaging Radiant and Metabolic Therapy, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Giovanni Pascale RCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Sansone
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University 'Federico II' of Naples, Via Claudio, 21, Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonella Petrillo
- Radiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Imaging Radiant and Metabolic Therapy, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Giovanni Pascale RCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shimodaira Y, Harada K, Lin Q, Ajani JA. The best timing for administering systemic chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Ann Transl Med 2016; 4:38. [PMID: 26889491 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2016.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, outcomes for patients with rectal cancer have improved considerably. However, several questions have emerged as survival times have lengthened and quality of life has improved for these patients. Currently patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) are often recommended multimodality therapy with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy (CT) and radiation followed by total mesorectal excision (TME), with consideration given to FOLFOX before chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Recently, Garcia-Aguilar and colleagues reported in Lancet Oncology that the addition of mFOLFOX6 administered between CRT and surgery affected the number of patients achieving pathologic complete response (pathCR), which is of great interest from the standpoint of pursuit of optimal timing of systemic CT delivery. This was a multicenter phase II study consisting of 4 sequential treatment groups of patients with LARC, and they reported that patients given higher number CT cycles between CRT and surgery achieved higher rates of pathCR than those given standard treatment. There was no association between response improvement and tumor progression, increased technical difficulty, or surgical complications. Ongoing phase III clinical trial further assessing this strategy might result in a paradigm shift.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Shimodaira
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kazuto Harada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Quan Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|