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Rosado-Sánchez I, Herrero-Fernández I, Tarancon-Diez L, Moreno S, Iribarren JA, Dalmau D, Vera-Méndez F, Leal M, Pacheco YM. Increased frequencies of Th17 cells and IL17a-producing regulatory T-cells preceding the immunodiscordant response to antiretroviral treatment. J Infect 2017; 76:86-92. [PMID: 29079322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the fact that antiretroviral therapy (cART) suppresses HIV-viremia, an adequate CD4 T-cell recovery is not always achieved (immunodiscordant response to cART). IL17a-producing CD4 T-cells (Th17) constitutes an important subset involved in the preservation of mucosal surfaces integrity, which depletion has been associated with disease progression in HIV-infection. However, whether Th17 frequency at cART initiation is associated with a poor CD4 T-cell recovery has not been yet explored. Our aim was to explore whether the Th17 cells and other IL17a-producing T-cell subsets at cART initiation were associated with a subsequent immunodiscordant response to cART. METHODS We selected pre-cART samples of antiretroviral-naïve subjects with and without a low CD4 recovery after cART (LR-subjects and HR-subjects, respectively). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with PMA/ionomycine, and the production of several cytokines including IL17a was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS A trend to higher Th17 (p = 0.05) and increased frequencies of IL17a-producing Treg (p = 0.011) was found in LR-subjects before cART onset. Despite increased frequencies of both Treg and Th17 in LR-subject at cART initiation, no alteration of Treg/Th17 ratio was observed. While polifunctional profile of CD4 T-cells was not different, frequencies of CD4 T-cells producing cytokine-combinations including IL17a were increased in LR-subjects. CONCLUSION Increased frequencies of Th17, IL17a-producing Treg and CD4 T-cells producing specific IL17a-containing combinations of cytokines, precede the immunodiscordant response to cART, suggesting a potential contribution of these subsets in such anomalous response to cART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Rosado-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
| | - Inés Herrero-Fernández
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Laura Tarancon-Diez
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | | | | | - David Dalmau
- Mútua Terrassa University Hospital, Terrassa 08221, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Leal
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Yolanda María Pacheco
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
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Rosado-Sánchez I, Jarrín I, Pozo-Balado MM, de Pablo-Bernal RS, Herrero-Fernández I, Alvarez-Ríos AI, Rodríguez-Gallego E, Genebat M, Vera M, Berenguer J, Martín ML, Bernal E, Vidal F, Blanco J, Leal M, Pacheco YM. Higher levels of IL-6, CD4 turnover and Treg frequency are already present before cART in HIV-infected subjects with later low CD4 recovery. Antiviral Res 2017; 142:76-82. [PMID: 28343846 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunological characterization of HIV-infected subjects with low CD4-recovery (LR-subjects) has been extensively performed after a variable period of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). We now explore immunological alterations present before the cART onset. In a case-control study, we selected pre-cART samples of HIV-subjects with and without low CD4-recovery after cART (n = 21 per group). CD4 T-cell activation, senescence and exhaustion related markers were not found specifically altered before cART initiation. On the other hand, we found that LR-subjects before cART already showed increased levels of IL6 (p = 0.009) and increased frequencies of Ki67+CD4+ T-cells (p = 0.026), CD45RA-CD27+CD4+ T-cells (p = 0.008) and Treg (p = 0.001), as well as increased expression of CD95 and CD127 on CD4 T-cells (p = 0.016; p = 0.032, respectively). These parameters characterize the immunological damage in LR-subjects before the cART onset and could be associated to the mechanisms hindering the subsequent CD4 recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Rosado-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
| | | | - María M Pozo-Balado
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Rebeca S de Pablo-Bernal
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Inés Herrero-Fernández
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Ana I Alvarez-Ríos
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital IBiS/CSIC/SAS/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Esther Rodríguez-Gallego
- Infectious Diseases and HIV/AIDS Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miguel Genebat
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Mar Vera
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Berenguer
- Infectious Diseases and HIV Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María L Martín
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Enrique Bernal
- Service of Internal Medicine, Hospital Reina Sofía, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francesc Vidal
- Infectious Diseases and HIV/AIDS Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa-HIVACAT, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Manuel Leal
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Yolanda M Pacheco
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
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