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Qi Y, Li D, Zhang S, Li F, Hua T. Electrochemical filtration for drinking water purification: A review on membrane materials, mechanisms and roles. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 141:102-128. [PMID: 38408813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical filtration can not only enrich low concentrations of pollutants but also produce reactive oxygen species to interact with toxic pollutants with the assistance of a power supply, making it an effective strategy for drinking water purification. In addition, the application of electrochemical filtration facilitates the reduction of pretreatment procedures and the use of chemicals, which has outstanding potential for maximizing process simplicity and reducing operating costs, enabling the production of safe drinking water in smaller installations. In recent years, the research on electrochemical filtration has gradually increased, but there has been a lack of attention on its application in the removal of low concentrations of pollutants from low conductivity water. In this review, membrane substrates and electrocatalysts used to improve the performance of electrochemical membranes are briefly summarized. Meanwhile, the application prospects of emerging single-atom catalysts in electrochemical filtration are also presented. Thereafter, several electrochemical advanced oxidation processes coupled with membrane filtration are described, and the related working mechanisms and their advantages and shortcomings used in drinking water purification are illustrated. Finally, the roles of electrochemical filtration in drinking water purification are presented, and the main problems and future perspectives of electrochemical filtration in the removal of low concentration pollutants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Qi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Donghao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shixuan Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fengxiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Tao Hua
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Zhang R, Dong J, Li L, Zhao J, Ji M, Wang B, Xia J, Li H. Low concentration of peroxymonosulfate coupled with visible light triggers oxygen reactive species generation over constructed Bi 25FeO 40/BiOCl Z-scheme heterojunction for various tetracycline antibiotics removal. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 665:825-837. [PMID: 38564946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation systems demonstrate significant potential and promising prospects through the interconnection of photocatalytic and PMS oxidation for simultaneously achieving efficient pollutant removal and reduction of PMS dosage, which prevents resource wastage and secondary pollution. In this study, a Z-scheme Bi25FeO40/BiOCl (BOFC) heterojunction was constructed to carry out the photocatalytic PMS oxidation process for tetracyclines (TCs) pollutants at low PMS concentrations (0.08 mM). The photocatalytic PMS oxidation rate of Bi25FeO40/BiOCl composites for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), chlortetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and doxycycline (DXC) reaches 86.6%, 83.6%, 86.7%, and 88.0% within 120 min. Simultaneously, the BOFC/PMS system under visible light (Vis) equally displayed the practical application prospects for the solo and mixed simulated TCs antibiotics wastewater. Based on the electron spin resonance (ESR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) valence band spectrum, a Z-scheme electron migration pathway was proposed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the performance enhancement of BOFC composites. Bi25FeO40 in BOFC composites can serve as active site for activating PMS by the formation of Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle. Toxicity estimation software tool (T.E.S.T.) and mung beans planting experiment demonstrates that BOFC/PMS/Vis system can reduce toxicity of TCs wastewater. Therefore, BOFC/PMS/Vis system achieves efficient examination in different water environments and efficient utilization of PMS, which displays a scientific reference for achieving environmentally-friendly and resource-saving handling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jintao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lina Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Junze Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mengxia Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiexiang Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Huaming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Zhan W, Zhang X, Yuan Y, Weng Q, Song S, Martínez-López MDJ, Arauz-Lara JL, Jia F. Regulating Chemisorption and Electrosorption Activity for Efficient Uptake of Rare Earth Elements in Low Concentration on Oxygen-Doped Molybdenum Disulfide. ACS Nano 2024; 18:7298-7310. [PMID: 38375824 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) with trace amount in environmental applications and nuclear energy is becoming an increasingly urgent issue due to their genotoxicity and important role in society. Here, highly efficient recovery of low-concentration REEs from aqueous solutions by an enhanced chemisorption and electrosorption process of oxygen-doped molybdenum disulfide (O-doped MoS2) electrodes is performed. All REEs could be extremely recovered through a chemisorption and electrosorption coupling (CEC) method, and sorption behaviors were related with their outer-shell electrons. Light, medium, and heavy ((La(III), Gd(III), and Y(III)) rare earth elements were chosen for further investigating the adsorption and recovery performances under low-concentration conditions. Recovery of REEs could approach 100% under a low initial concentration condition where different recovery behaviors occurred with variable chemisorption interactions between REEs and O-doped MoS2. Experimental and theoretical results proved that doping O in MoS2 not only reduced the transfer resistance and improved the electrical double layer thickness of ion storage but also enhanced the chemical interaction of REEs and MoS2. Various outer-shell electrons of REEs performed different surficial chemisorption interactions with exposed sulfur and oxygen atoms of O-doped MoS2. Effects of variants including environmental conditions and operating parameters, such as applied voltage, initial concentration, pH condition, and electrode distance on adsorption capacity and recovery of REEs were examined to optimize the recovery process in order to achieve an ideal selective recovery of REEs. The total desorption of REEs from the O-doped MoS2 electrode was realized within 120 min while the electrode demonstrated a good cycling performance. This work presented a prospective way in establishing a CEC process with a two-dimensional metal sulfide electrode through structure engineering for efficient recovery of REEs within a low concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiquan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Wenzhi Street 34, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
- Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78290, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. Mexico
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Wenzhi Street 34, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Wenzhi Street 34, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
- Doctorado Institucional de Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Sierra Leona 530, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico
| | - Qizheng Weng
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Wenzhi Street 34, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxian Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Wenzhi Street 34, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - María de Jesús Martínez-López
- Universidad de la Costa, Carretera al Libramiento Paraje de Las Pulgas, C.P. 71600, Santiago Pinotepa Nacional, Distrito Jamiltepec, Mexico
| | - José Luis Arauz-Lara
- Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78290, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. Mexico
| | - Feifei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Wenzhi Street 34, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
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Shi X, Gao L, Alzahrani E, Hong J, Alanazi AK, Abo-Dief HM, Li J, Xu BB, Algadi H, El-Bahy ZM, Guo Z. High adsorption performance for trace lead (II) cation from sewage by Fe/Cu metal organic nanosheets modified with terephthalic acid. Chemosphere 2023; 330:138637. [PMID: 37030340 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A two-dimensional nanoflake (Fe/Cu-TPA) was prepared through a simple ultrasonic-centrifuge method. Fe/Cu-TPA has prominent performance on the removal of Pb2+ with low consistences. More than 99% lead (II) (Pb2+) was removed. The adsorption equipoise was established within 60 min for 50 mg L-1 Pb2+. Fe/Cu-TPA shows excellent regenerability with 19.04% decline of Pb2+ adsorption competence in 5 cycles. There are two models for Fe/Cu-TPA adsorption of Pb2+, pseudo-second-order dynamic model and Langmuir isotherm model, with a utmost adsorption competence of 213.56 mg g-1. This work offers a new candidate material for the industrial-grade Pb2+ adsorbents with promising application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Shi
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China.
| | - Lingshu Gao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Eman Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Junmao Hong
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Abdullah K Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala M Abo-Dief
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Junhua Li
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Hassan Algadi
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeinhom M El-Bahy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zhanhu Guo
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
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Peng K, Liu X, Wu X, Yu H, He J, Chen K, Zhu L, Wang X. Study on the preparation of molecularly imprinted ZrO 2-TiO 2 photocatalyst and the degradation performance of hydroquinone. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28295-1. [PMID: 37344713 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, molecularly imprinted Zr-doped TiO2 photocatalysts (MIP-ZrO2-TiO2) were prepared by the molecularly imprinted sol-gel method for the photocatalytic degradation study of hydroquinone (HQ) as the target pollutant. For the effectiveness of the MIP-ZrO2-TiO2 catalyst in degrading HQ, the effects of Zr doping ratio, imprinted molecule dosage, calcination conditions, and pollutant concentration on its photocatalytic activity were investigated. XRD, TEM, XPS, and other techniques were used to evaluate the materials, and the findings revealed that MIP-ZrO2-TiO2 films with imprinted HQ were successfully produced on the ZrO2-TiO2 surface. The optimal preparation conditions were n(Ti):n(Zr) = 100:8, m(HQ) = 1.5 g, 550 °C for the calcination temperature, and 2 h for the calcination duration. The optimum reaction conditions were 10 mg/L HQ concentration, 1 g/L catalyst dose, and a pH of 6.91. According to the findings of photocatalytic tests, during 30 min of UV lamp (365 nm) irradiation, the degradation rates of MIP-ZrO2-TiO2, ZrO2-TiO2, and TiO2 for HQ were 90.58%, 83.94%, and 58.30%, respectively. The findings revealed that the doping of Zr metal and the addition of imprinted molecules improved the photocatalytic activity of TiO2, which can be used for the efficient treatment of low concentrations of hard-to-degrade hydroquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xian Liu
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xi Wu
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Hang Yu
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Jiachen He
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xun Wang
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Urban Regeneration, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Wei T, Zhang Z, Zhang G, Zhu J. Advanced removal of phosphate from water by a novel lanthanum manganese oxide: Performance and mechanism. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:62367-62375. [PMID: 36943569 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel lanthanum manganese oxide (La0.96Mn0.96O3, LMO) was synthesized for advanced phosphate removal to alleviate water eutrophication process. The adsorbent had a specific surface area of 18.51 m2/g with pH at point of zero charge of 6.6; exhibited excellent phosphate adsorption capacity of 168.4 mg/g; performed well in a wide pH range from 3 to 10. The phosphate removal was not interfered by coexisting ions. The adsorbent remained 94.8% of its initial adsorption efficiency after reused for four times. Phosphate adsorption process conformed to pseudo-second-order model (R2=0.992) and Langmuir model (R2=0.935). Ligand exchange and electrostatic interaction played important roles in phosphate removal. In addition, the actual sewage secondary effluent was used to further verify the phosphate removal performance of LMO. For practical water treatment, the LMO showed high phosphate removal efficiency of 83.4% and low residual P of 0.1 mg/L. LMO is a potential candidate for low-concentration phosphate removal in real water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wei
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhang
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China.
| | - Jia Zhu
- School of Construction and Environment Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Hasegawa K, Tsukahara T, Nomiyama T. Short-term associations of low-level fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) with cardiorespiratory hospitalizations in 139 Japanese cities. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 258:114961. [PMID: 37137261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
There have been few studies in non-western countries on the relationship between low levels of daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and morbidity or mortality, and the impact of PM2.5 concentrations below 15 μg/m3, which is the latest World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline (WHO AQG) value for the 24-h mean, is not yet clear. We assessed the associations between low-level PM2.5 exposure and cardiorespiratory admissions in Japan. We collected the daily hospital admission count data, air pollutant data, and meteorological condition data recorded from April 2016 to March 2019 in 139 Japanese cities. City-specific estimates were obtained from conditional logistic regression models in a time-stratified case-crossover design and pooled by random-effect models. We estimated that every 10-μg/m3 increase in the concurrent-day PM2.5 concentration was related to a 0.52% increase in cardiovascular admissions (95% CI: 0.13-0.92%) and a 1.74% increase in respiratory admissions (95% CI: 1.41-2.07%). These values were nearly the same when the datasets were filtered to contain only daily PM2.5 concentrations <15 μg/m3. The exposure-response curves showed approximately sublinear-to-linear curves with no indication of thresholds. These associations with cardiovascular diseases weakened after adjusting for nitrogen dioxide or sulfur dioxide, but associations with respiratory diseases were almost unchanged when additionally adjusted for other pollutants. This study demonstrated that associations between daily PM2.5 and daily cardiorespiratory hospitalizations might persist at low concentrations, including those below the latest WHO AQG value. Our findings suggest that the updated guideline value may still be insufficient from the perspective of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Teruomi Tsukahara
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nomiyama
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
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Morse-Wolfe B, Bleach E, Kershaw C. An Investigation of Equine Sperm Quality Following Cryopreservation at Low Sperm Concentration and Repeated Freeze-Thawing. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 120:104167. [PMID: 36464028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Stallion spermatozoa are typically cryopreserved at 200 to 300 million sperm/ml; however recent advances such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) requires only one spermatozoon, wasting many, after thawing a whole straw. Cryopreserving at concentrations less than the current standard or refreezing thawed spermatozoa could maximize the use of genetically valuable animals and reduce waste. This investigation aimed to identify if lowering the sperm concentration for cryopreservation affected post-thaw quality after one and two freeze-thaw cycles. Nine ejaculates were collected from three fertile, "good freezer" stallions (post-thaw motility ≥35%) for experiment 1. Each ejaculate was split into eight treatments: five, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 million sperm/ml and cryopreserved. Post-thaw: motility, viability, acrosome integrity and oxidative stress were assessed. Experiment 2, straws from experiment 1 (300 million sperm/ml) were thawed, diluted to 20 million sperm/ml or left undiluted (control) and refrozen. Post-thaw motility and viability were assessed. In experiment 1 sperm concentration did not affect post-thaw total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM) or viability at 50 to 400 million sperm/ml (P > .05). Whilst sperm concentrations of five to 20 million/ml did differ (post-thaw TM and PM). Both refreezing and reducing spermatozoa concentration, decreased TM, PM and viability (P < .05) after two freeze-thaw cycles. These results suggest cryopreserving at sperm concentrations as low as 50 million/ml maintains spermatozoa quality in good freezer stallions. Spermatozoa maintained some motility and viability when initially cryopreserved at 20 million sperm/ml and after two freeze-thaw cycles but research should investigate more optimal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Morse-Wolfe
- Animal Science Department, Harper Adams University, Edgmond, Newport, UK; Stallion AI Services Ltd, Chapelfield Stud, Whitchurch, Shropshire, UK.
| | - Emma Bleach
- Agriculture and Environment Department, Harper Adams University, Edgmond, Newport, UK.
| | - Claire Kershaw
- Animal Health, Behaviour and Welfare Department, Harper Adams University, Edgmond, Newport, UK.
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Trujillo-Vázquez SK, Gaona-Domínguez S, Villeda-González JD, Librado-Osorio R, Luna-López A, Bonilla-González E, Valencia-Quintana PR, Gómez-Olivares JL. Oxidative stress in the ovaries of mice chronically exposed to a low lead concentration: A generational approach. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 115:40-48. [PMID: 36473649 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal that alters the oxidation-reduction balance, affecting reproductive health and transfer during pregnancy and lactation. However, the multigenerational impact of exposure to low concentrations of Pb on mammalian ovaries has not been assessed. This study evaluated general parameters, histology, redox state (RS), protein carbonylation (PC), lipid peroxidation (LP), and hormone concentrations in the ovaries of mice (CD1® ICR) of three successive generations with both unigenerational (E1) and multigenerational (E2) exposure to 0.2 ppm lead acetate through the drinking water and a control group. Body weight, food consumption, the number of born pups, and their weight after weaning were not significantly affected by Pb exposure in E1 and E2. However, the ovaries of three successive generations of the E1 group, in which only the F0 was exposed, showed alterations in the ovarian histoarchitecture, increase in follicular atresia, decrease in the number of available follicles, and a significant RS and PC elevation that were surprisingly similar to those observed in the E2 group. LP increased in the second generation of E1 and E2, while hormone concentration was not altered. This is the first demonstration that exposure to low concentration of Pb induces multigenerational histological alterations and oxidative stress in mouse ovaries, that the termination of this exposure does not ensure the safety of later generations and that the lack of modifications in general parameters may facilitate the silent development of pathologies that affect ovarian health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Trujillo-Vázquez
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México.
| | - S Gaona-Domínguez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) Campus sur, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J D Villeda-González
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Librado-Osorio
- Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Luna-López
- Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - E Bonilla-González
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - P R Valencia-Quintana
- Laboratorio "Rafael Villalobos Petrini" de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - J L Gómez-Olivares
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
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Salimi F, Stasinska A, Morgan GG, Hankey GJ, Almeida O, Yeap B, Flicker L, Heyworth J. Long-term exposure to low air pollutant concentrations and hospitalisation for respiratory diseases in older men: A prospective cohort study in Perth, Australia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10905. [PMID: 36276719 PMCID: PMC9578981 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute exposure to ambient air pollution even at low concentrations has been associated with increased hospitalisation for respiratory diseases but the effects of long-term exposure are less certain. In this study, we investigated the associations between long-term exposures to PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance and NO2 and hospitalisation for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia in a cohort of older men living in Perth, Western Australia, a city where the levels of air pollutants are well below the world standards. Materials and methods The study population of 11,156 men with no prior hospitalisation for respiratory disease was drawn from the Health in Men Study (HIMS) cohort of men aged >65 years living in Perth, Western Australia between 1996-1999. PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance (PM2.5a) and NO2 were measured across the Perth metropolitan area over three seasons in 2012. Land use regression (LUR) models were used to estimate annual concentrations of PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance and NO2 at the residential address of each participant from inception (1996) to 2015. Hospitalisation for respiratory disease between inception and 2015 was ascertained using the Western Australian Data Linkage System. The association between exposure to air pollution with hospitalisation for respiratory disease was examined using Cox regression analysis. Results No statistically significant associations were observed in the fully adjusted models. However, positive associations were observed with first hospitalisation for pneumonia (HR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01–1.16) when adjusted for age, year of enrolment, smoking status, education, BMI and physical activity. Conclusions In this longitudinal study of older men we found no evidence of associations between increased long-term exposure to low-level air pollution with increased risk of hospitalisation for respiratory diseases in Perth, Australia. More studies on respiratory morbidity associated with exposure to low levels of air pollution are needed for more comprehensive understanding of the overall risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Salimi
- University Centre for Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia,Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia,Corresponding author.
| | - Ania Stasinska
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Geoffrey G. Morgan
- University Centre for Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Graeme J. Hankey
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Osvaldo Almeida
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bu Yeap
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Leon Flicker
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jane Heyworth
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Zhu Q, Hou H, Wu Y, Hu J, Liu B, Liang S, Xiao K, Yu W, Yuan S, Yang J, Su X. Deciphering the role of extracellular polymeric substances in the regulation of microbial extracellular electron transfer under low concentrations of tetracycline exposure: Insights from transcriptomic analysis. Sci Total Environ 2022; 838:156176. [PMID: 35613646 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low concentrations of antibiotics can regulate the formation of electroactive biofilms, however, the underlying mechanisms, especially the composition and spatial distribution of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and their effects on extracellular electron transfer (EET) process, have not been fully deciphered. Here, the response of EPS of Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilm to low concentrations of tetracycline (μg L-1 to mg L-1) was explored, and the impact of such EPS variations on EET efficiency was further elucidated by transcriptomic analysis. Results showed that 0.05 mg L-1 of tetracycline achieved both beneficial quantitative and spatial regulation of redox-active proteins and non-conducting exopolysaccharides in EPS, while higher concentrations induced negative effects. Moreover, 1 mg L-1 of tetracycline upregulated multiple exopolysaccharide biosynthesis-related genes, indicating a stress response for cell-protection, while 0.05 mg L-1 of tetracycline upregulated most direct EET-related gene expressions, resulting in the promoted EET efficiency. Furthermore, 0.05 mg L-1 of tetracycline selectively enriched Geobacter (45.55% vs 19.55% in control, respectively) from mixed inoculum. This research provides a new insight of how antibiotics at low concentrations regulated EET process through modulation of EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Yaqian Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Shushan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xintai Su
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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12
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Huan X, Zhao R, Song J, Zhong H, Su M, Yan C, Wang Y, Chen S, Zhou Z, Lu J, Xi J, Luo S, Zhao C. Increased serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12p70 levels in AChR subtype generalized myasthenia gravis. BMC Immunol 2022; 23:26. [PMID: 35624411 PMCID: PMC9145157 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-022-00501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junctions. Cytokines play important roles in facilitating the immune response and augmenting the pathogenic antibody production. The current study aims to sensitively characterize the serum levels of cytokines with very low concentration in generalized MG (gMG). Methods Using ultrasensitive single-molecule arrays (SIMOA), we measured serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12p70 in 228 participants including 152 immunotherapy-naïve anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) subtype gMG from Huashan MG registry and 76 age-matched healthy controls. Subgroup analysis was then performed by stratifying patients according to the onset ages, MGFA classification, disease duration at baseline. Results Serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12p70 levels were significantly elevated in gMG compared to controls (0.179 pg/mL versus 0.011 pg/mL, P < 0.0001; 0.029 pg/mL versus 0.018 pg/mL, P = 0.0259; 0.215 pg/mL versus 0.143 pg/mL, P = 0.0007; 0.132 pg/mL versus 0.118 pg/mL, P = 0.0401). Subgroup analysis revealed that IL-2 levels were slightly elevated in gMG with MGFA II compared to MGFA III/IV (0.195 pg/mL versus 0.160 pg/mL, P = 0.022), as well as elevated levels of IL-2 (0.220 pg/mL versus 0.159 pg/mL, P = 0.0002) and IL-5 (0.251 pg/mL versus 0.181 pg/mL, P = 0.004) in late-onset gMG compared with the early-onset gMG. gMG patients with a long duration had a significant increased serum IL-12p70 than those with a short duration (0.163 pg/mL versus 0.120 pg/mL, P = 0.011). Conclusion Serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12p70 levels were increased in AChR subtype gMG using ultrasensitive measurement. Serum cytokines with very low concentrations may provide as potential biomarkers in stratifying gMG patients in future prospective cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huan
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Song
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Huahua Zhong
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Manqiqige Su
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Yan
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhirui Zhou
- Radiation Oncology Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahong Lu
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianying Xi
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Sushan Luo
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
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13
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An S, Jin Q. Significant removal of ammonia nitrogen in low concentration from aqueous solution at low pH by advanced air stripping. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:35113-35125. [PMID: 33665690 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the excess discharge of ammonia nitrogen from wastewater into surface water has been regulated by more stringent standard. The air stripping method is successfully used to treatment of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen; however, alkali will be added to keep pH more than 10, which is costly and not environment-friendly operation. In this study, an advanced air stripping (AAS) based on foam separation of removing ammonia nitrogen in low concentration from aqueous solution at low pH was proposed. The effect of conditions such as air flow rate, temperature, SDS dosage, coexisting ionic strength, pH, and initial ammonia nitrogen concentration on the removal efficiency was studied. The advanced air stripping exhibited favorable removal efficiency for NH4+-N in low concentration from aqueous solution (20 mg·L-1) with a broad range of low pH 3.0-9.0. Besides, for strongly alkaline (pH=11.0) solution, the advanced air stripping can alleviate the decrease of pH to some extent and keep ammonia nitrogen stripping out continuously based on equilibrium shift between NH4+ and NH3. A microcalorimeter was applied to demonstrate the interaction between the negatively charged hydrophilic groups of SDS and NH4+ ions, helping to understand the mechanisms more clearly. The simple operation and the satisfactory removal efficiency could imply that the advanced air stripping is a promising technology for minimizing low-concentration NH4+-N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaorong An
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiang Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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14
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Ma R, Zeng M, Huang D, Wang J, Cheng Z, Wang Q. Amphiphilicity-adaptable graphene quantum dots to stabilize pH-responsive pickering emulsions at a very low concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 601:106-113. [PMID: 34058546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Stimuli-responsive Pickering emulsions have attracted considerable interest due to their widespread potential applications. Especially pH-responsive behavior could be easily implemented. In this work, we reported a pH-responsive Pickering emulsion based on amphiphilic graphene quantum dots at a low concentration which shows a great potential from the environmental and economic perspective. The stimuli responsive properties would make the smart Pickering emulsifiers recyclable and reusable. EXPERIMENTS The amphiphilic-adaptable graphene quantum dots functionalized by alkyl groups (C-GQDs) were synthesized by a facile one-step pyrolysis method. The pH-responsive emulsion performances were investigated, and the mechanism of pH-responsive of C-GQDs was studied by dynamic light scattering. FINDINGS The amphiphilicity of C-GQDs could be acquired controllably and effectively by this facile one-step pyrolysis method, which are able to stabilize Pickering emulsion at a very low concentration (0.001%). The amphiphilicity of C-GQDs are capable of changing in response to environmental stimuli. When the pH value of aqueous solution adjusts to 2, these C-GQDs aggregate in contrast to their stability in neutral condition due to the alternation of surface charges. The pH-responsive aggregation/ dispersion behavior of C-GQDs allows us to tune the interactions between oil-in-water emulsion droplets without introduction of destabilization agents. This will provide huge economic benefits in industrial applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ma
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Minxiang Zeng
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Dali Huang
- Department of Material Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jenny Wang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zhengdong Cheng
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Material Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Qingsheng Wang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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15
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Fan L, Zhou B, Zhang S, Hu S, Mi X, Sun R, Wu Y. Adsorptive Removal of Low-Concentration Cr(VI) in Aqueous Solution by Mg-Al Layered Double Oxides. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2021; 106:134-145. [PMID: 33392691 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To explore the adsorption removal mechanism of Mg-Al layered double oxides (LDOs) for low-concentration (≤ 5 mg L-1) Cr(VI), the adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms and its influencing factors were studied by batch experiments. Cr(VI) adsorption reached equilibrium after 6, 11 and 15 h for initial Cr(VI) concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 mg L-1, respectively, and the final adsorption efficiency exceeded 99.0%. The residual concentration of Cr(VI) was within the allowable limit of Drinking Water Quality Standard of World Health Organization (0.05 mg L-1). The experimental data fitted the pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models well. Mg-Al LDOs showed effective adsorption efficiency in the range of pH 3-9, and the adsorption efficiency was influenced by anions competition (HPO42- > SO42- > CO32- > NO3- > Cl-). The analyses of XRD, SEM and FT-IR spectra suggested adsorption Cr(VI) on Mg-Al LDOs was caused by capturing dichromate ions to reconstruct its structure. Therefore, Mg-Al LDOs is promising adsorbents for the low-concentration Cr(VI) treatment in polluted surface water and groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihai Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Mi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoguo Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Estay J, Angel P, Bersezio C, Tonetto M, Jorquera G, Peña M, Fernández E. The change of teeth color, whiteness variations and its psychosocial and self-perception effects when using low vs. high concentration bleaching gels: a one-year follow-up. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:255. [PMID: 32917192 PMCID: PMC7488418 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental bleaching in traditional concentrations generates greater sensitivity. In this respect, new systems of lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide for tooth bleaching appeared, with color stability unknown over time. The aim of this study was to compare the change and stability of color with low-concentration (6%) hydrogen peroxide gel in an in-office bleaching setting relative to conventional 37.5% gel, including their effects on psychosocial and esthetic self-perception, after 1 year. Methods Patients (n = 25) were assessed at 12 months post bleaching treatment (whitening with 6% chemo-activated alkaline formula gel versus 37.5% traditional concentration gel). Color changes were measured objectively using total variation in color (ΔE), and subjectively using Vita Classical and Vita Bleached scale (ΔSGU) by calibrated evaluators (Kappa = 0.85). The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) aesthetic questionnaires were used to measure the self-perception and the psychosocial impact of the bleaching protocols. Results The effect (ΔE) of 37.5% HP (8.37 ± 2.73) was significantly better than that of 6% HP (5.27 ± 2.53) in terms of color rebound after 1 year of follow-up. There were significant differences in psychosocial impact and esthetic self-perception measurements prior to bleaching versus one-year post-whitening time points; positive effects were maintained. Conclusions Low concentration (6%) achieved effective bleaching with good stability after 1 year, accompanied by a positive psychosocial impact and enhanced self-perception at follow-up. Trial registration NCT03217994 (before enrollment of the first participant). Data register: July 14, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Estay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Angel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Bersezio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Tonetto
- Postgraduate Program in Integrated Dental Sciences, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - G Jorquera
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Peña
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Fernández
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile. .,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas - Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
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17
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Lee AH, Fraz S, Purohit U, Campos AR, Wilson JY. Chronic exposure of Brown (Hydra oligactis) and green Hydra (Hydra viridissima) to environmentally relevant concentrations of pharmaceuticals. Sci Total Environ 2020; 732:139232. [PMID: 32434107 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Low concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the environment (ng/L to μg/L) are an environmental concern. We used the invertebrates, Hydra oligactis and Hydra viridissima, as freshwater models for primary toxicity testing to study effects of chronic low concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the environment. H. oligactis were exposed to three concentrations (0.1, 1.0 and 10 μg/L) of either fluoxetine, carbamazepine, or triclosan; H. viridissima were exposed to three concentrations (0.1, 1.0 and 10 μg/L) of triclosan. Ecologically relevant endpoints including morphology, budding rate, feeding behaviour, and regenerative capacity were examined during the 14 days exposure period. The interstitial:epithelial stem cell ratios was also examined in H. oligactis. There were no significant effects on the morphology, budding rate and feeding behaviour of the H. oligactis across all concentrations of fluoxetine, carbamazepine, and triclosan. However, regenerative capacity significantly decreased in comparison to the controls when H. oligactis was exposed to 10 μg/L of triclosan and fluoxetine, although there was no significant difference when exposed to carbamazepine. Neither fluoxetine nor carbamazepine treatment altered stem cell ratios. Exposure to triclosan at any concentration did not impact H. viridissima morphology, budding rate, regeneration or feeding behaviour. These results show there are limited effects in Hydra after exposure to chronic, low concentrations of fluoxetine, carbamazepine, and triclosan, except for regeneration in H. oligactis. These endpoints can be used effectively (and cost effectively) to study the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of pharmaceuticals in Hydra species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail H Lee
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Shamaila Fraz
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Ushma Purohit
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Ana R Campos
- School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Joanna Y Wilson
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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18
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Li J, Dong S, Wang Y, Dou X, Hao H. Nitrate removal from aqueous solutions by magnetic cationic hydrogel: Effect of electrostatic adsorption and mechanism. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 91:177-188. [PMID: 32172966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitrate (NO3-) is among the most problematic surface water and groundwater pollutants. In this study, a type of magnetic cationic hydrogel (MCH) is employed for NO3- adsorption and well characterized herein. Its adsorption capacity is considerably pH-dependent and achieves the optimal adsorption (maximum NO3--adsorption capacity is 95.88 ± 1.24 mg/g) when the pH level is 5.2-8.8. The fitting result using the homogeneous surface diffusion model indicates that the surface/film diffusion controls the adsorption rate, and NO3- approaches the center of MCH particles within 30 min. The diffusion coefficient (Ds) and external mass transfer coefficient (kF) in the liquid phase are 1.15 × 10-6 cm2/min and 4.5 × 10-6 cm/min, respectively. The MCH is employed to treat surface water that contains 10 mg/L of NO3-, and it is found that the optimal magnetic separation time is 1.6 min. The high-efficiency mass transfer and magnetic separation of MCH during the adsorption-regeneration process favors its application in surface water treatment. Furthermore, the study of the mechanism involved reveals that both -N+(CH3)3 groups and NO3- are convoluted in adsorption via electrostatic interactions. It is further found that ion exchange between NO3- and chlorine occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuoxun Dong
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yili Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaomin Dou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haotian Hao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Ryzhkina IS, Kiseleva YV, Murtazina LI, Kuznetsova TV, Zainulgabidinov ER, Knyazev IV, Petrov AM, Kondakov SE, Konovalov AI. Diclofenac sodium aqueous systems at low concentrations: Interconnection between physicochemical properties and action on hydrobionts. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 88:177-186. [PMID: 31862059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium (DS) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs). NSAIDs are poorly removed during standard wastewater treatment. The consequences of the presence of NSAIDs in rivers and lakes at 10-11-10-8 mol/L are not yet established; therefore, ecotoxicologists have focused their efforts on studying the effect of low-concentration NSAIDs on fish and hydrobionts, and also on predicting the potential risks to humans. Literature provides some information about the bioeffects of some NSAID solutions in low concentrations but there is no physicochemical explanation for these phenomena. Studying the physicochemical patterns of DS solutions in the low range of concentrations and establishing an interconnection between the solutions' physicochemical properties and bioeffects can provide a conceptually new and important source of information regarding the unknown effects of DS. The physicochemical properties and action of DS solutions on Ceriodaphnia affinis cladocerans, Paramecium caudatum infusoria, Chlorella vulgaris unicellular green algae, as well as on the growth of the roots of Triticum vulgare wheat seeds, were studied in the calculated concentration range of 1 × 10-3-1 × 10-18 mol/L. The relationship between these phenomena was established using the certified procedures for monitoring the toxicity of natural water and wastewater. It was shown for the first time that water solutions of DS are dispersed systems in which the dispersed phase undergoes a rearrangement with dilution, accompanied by changes in its size and properties, which affects the nonmonotonic dependences of the system's physicochemical properties and could cause nonmonotonic changes in action on hydrobionts in the low concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina S Ryzhkina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov str., Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Yuliya V Kiseleva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov str., Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Lyaisan I Murtazina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov str., Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Tatyana V Kuznetsova
- Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 28 Daurskaya Str., Kazan 420087, Russia
| | - Erik R Zainulgabidinov
- Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 28 Daurskaya Str., Kazan 420087, Russia
| | - Igor V Knyazev
- Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 28 Daurskaya Str., Kazan 420087, Russia
| | - Andrew M Petrov
- Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 28 Daurskaya Str., Kazan 420087, Russia
| | - Sergey E Kondakov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., 1/3 Lenin Hills, Moscow 119899, Russia
| | - Alexander I Konovalov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov str., Kazan 420088, Russia
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20
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Sun HJ, Zhang JY, Wang Q, Zhu E, Chen W, Lin H, Chen J, Hong H. Environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenite induces developmental toxicity and oxidative responses in the early life stage of zebrafish. Environ Pollut 2019; 254:113022. [PMID: 31408795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) present in water is a nonignorable environmental issue, even at low concentrations (≤150 μg L-1). To evaluate the toxic effect of low concentrations of As, zebrafish at early life stage were exposed to 0, 25, 50, 75, or 150 μg L-1 AsIII for 120 h. Our results indicated that low concentration of AsIII decreased zebrafish larvae's survival rate to 85%, 89% and 86% at 50, 75 and 150 μg L-1. Furthermore, low concentrations of AsIII exposure caused oxidative stress (elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and influenced the mRNA transcriptional levels of Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD) and damage (increased malondialdehyde levels). Meanwhile, zebrafish larvae regulated the mRNA transcription of metallothionein and heat shock protein 70 to alleviate toxicity caused by AsIII. These results revealed lower concentrations (≤150 μg L-1) of AsIII had a detriment effect on the survival of fish at early life stage, moreover, oxidative stress caused by AsIII posed potential risk for the zebrafish. This study provides novel insight into low concentration AsIII-induced toxicity in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Jing-Ying Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Engao Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Wenrong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
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21
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Li YR, Xie CJ, Qiu CX, Lin QY, Liu YM. [Effect of long-term low-concentration mixed benzene exposure on male peripheral blood in an automobile manufacturing enterprise]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2019; 37:119-21. [PMID: 30929352 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigated the effect of long-term low-concentration mixed benzene exposure on peripheral blood of male workers. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to select 452 male workers exposed to mixed benzene (benzene, toluene, xylene) for five consecutive years from January 2012 to December 2016 in an automobile manufacturer as case group, and 438 male administrative and logistic managers who underwent physical examination during the same period as control group. The peripheral blood of the two groups was tested and compared, and the occupational hazards in the workplace were detected. Results: There were low dose exposure to mixed benzene in the enterprise, but the test results met the occupational exposure limit requirements. During the five years from 2010 to 2016, between the two groups of workers, the mean values of WBC, NEUT, RBC and Hb were statistically different (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) in the mean value of PLT. The abnormal rate of main peripheral blood indexes in the control group was higher than that in the exposed group. There were significant differences in NEUT, RBC and Hb (P< 0.05), but no significant differences in WBC and PLT (P>0.05). Conclusion: It can not be concluded that long-term low-concentration mixed benzene exposure can cause the change of peripheral blood index.
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Hanigan IC, Rolfe MI, Knibbs LD, Salimi F, Cowie CT, Heyworth J, Marks GB, Guo Y, Cope M, Bauman A, Jalaludin B, Morgan GG. All-cause mortality and long-term exposure to low level air pollution in the '45 and up study' cohort, Sydney, Australia, 2006-2015. Environ Int 2019; 126:762-770. [PMID: 30878871 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies show that long-term exposure to ambient air pollution reduces life expectancy. Most studies have been in environments with relatively high concentrations such as North America, Europe and Asia. Associations at the lower end of the concentration-response function are not well defined. OBJECTIVES We assessed associations between all-cause mortality and exposure to annual average particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in Sydney, Australia, where concentrations are relatively low. METHODS The '45 and Up Study' comprises a prospective longitudinal cohort from the state of New South Wales, Australia with 266,969 participants linked to death registry data. We analyzed data for the participants who resided in Sydney at baseline questionnaire (n = 75,268). Exposures to long-term pollution were estimated using annual averages from a chemical transport model (PM2.5), and a satellite-based land-use regression model (NO2). Socio-demographic information was extracted from the baseline questionnaire. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate associations, while adjusting for covariates. RESULTS In our cohort mean annual PM2.5 was 4.5 μg/m3 and mean NO2 was 17.8 μg/m3. The mortality rate was 4.4% over the 7 years of follow up. Models that adjusted for individual-level and area-level risk factors resulted in a detrimental non statistically significant hazard ratio (HR) of 1.05 (95% CI: 0.98-1.12) per 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.98-1.07) per 5 μg/m3 increase in NO2. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence that low-level air pollution exposure was associated with increased risk of mortality in this cohort of adults aged 45 years and over, even at the relatively low concentrations seen in Sydney. However, a clear determination of the association with mortality is difficult because the results were sensitive to some covariates. Our findings are supportive of emerging evidence that exposure to low levels of air pollution reduces life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan C Hanigan
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; The University of Sydney, University Centre for Rural Health, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Research and Action in Public Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Margaret I Rolfe
- The University of Sydney, University Centre for Rural Health, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Farhad Salimi
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; The University of Sydney, University Centre for Rural Health, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christine T Cowie
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; South West Sydney Clinical School, University of NSW, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jane Heyworth
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; The Clean Air and Urban Landscapes Hub & School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Guy B Marks
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research & South West Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin Cope
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales & Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Geoffrey G Morgan
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Australia; The University of Sydney, University Centre for Rural Health, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
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Salimi F, Morgan G, Rolfe M, Samoli E, Cowie CT, Hanigan I, Knibbs L, Cope M, Johnston FH, Guo Y, Marks GB, Heyworth J, Jalaludin B. Long-term exposure to low concentrations of air pollutants and hospitalisation for respiratory diseases: A prospective cohort study in Australia. Environ Int 2018; 121:415-420. [PMID: 30261462 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short- and long-term spatiotemporal variation in exposure to air pollution is associated with respiratory morbidity in areas with moderate-to-high level of air pollution, but very few studies have examined whether these associations also exist in areas with low level exposure. OBJECTIVES We assessed the association between spatial variation in long-term exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 and hospitalisation for all respiratory diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia, in older adults residing in Sydney, Australia, a city with low-level concentrations. METHODS We recorded data on hospitalisations for 100,084 participants, who were aged >45 years at entry in 2006-2009 until June 2014. Annual NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations were estimated for the participants' residential addresses and Cox proportional hazards regression was used to model the association between exposure to air pollutants and first episode of hospitalisation, controlling for personal and area level covariates. We further investigated the shape of the exposure-response association and potential effect modification by age, sex, education level, smoking status, and BMI. RESULTS NO2 and PM2.5 annual mean exposure estimates were 17.5 μg·m-3 and 4.5 μg·m-3 respectively. NO2 and PM2.5 was positively, although not significantly, associated with asthma. The adjusted hazard ratio for a 1 μg·m-3 increase in PM2.5 was 1.08, 95% confidence interval 0.89-1.30. The adjusted hazard ratio for a 5 μg·m-3 increase in NO2 was 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.88-1.19. We found no positive statistically significant associations with hospitalisation for all respiratory diseases, and pneumonia while negative associations were observed with COPD. CONCLUSIONS We found weak positive associations of exposure to air pollution with hospitalisation for asthma while there was no evidence of an association for all respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Salimi
- University Centre for Rural Health - North Coast, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Morgan
- University Centre for Rural Health - North Coast, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
| | - Margaret Rolfe
- University Centre for Rural Health - North Coast, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Christine T Cowie
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; South West Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Ivan Hanigan
- University Centre for Rural Health - North Coast, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; Centre for Research and Action in Public Health, University of Canberra, Australia
| | - Luke Knibbs
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Martin Cope
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, PMB1, Aspendale, VIC, Australia
| | - Fay H Johnston
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
| | - Guy B Marks
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; South West Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Jane Heyworth
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine and Ingham, Institute for Applied Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
Pesticide residues threaten fish that live in rivers. This study investigated the effects of Nemacur, malathion, and diuron on freshwater fish behavior, mortality, acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) activity, liver biomarkers, and residue accumulation. Fish were exposed to individual concentration of Nemacur, malathion, and diuron at 1 mg/L and to binary mixtures in glass aquarium 16 L capacity. Mortality of fish was also investigated at a range of 0.0-1 mg/L of Nemacur and malathion. The biochemical effects of the tested compounds were recorded. The results showed abnormal fish behavior at low concentration (0.1 mg/L) of malathion, high fish mortality at 0.1 mg/L of Nemacur and mixtures with Nemacur, and no mortality with diuron. Mortality increased and became more intense after 48 h rather than after 24 h. Diuron increased the effect of Nemacur and malathion at low concentration. ACHE was inhibited at different percentages in the blood serum and brain homogenate due to exposure to Nemacur, malathion, diuron, and/or a combination of these pesticides. Liver biomarker levels were higher in the blood serum of the treated fish than the control group. The interesting outcome of the study is that Nemacur is several folds more toxic than malathion and diuron. Mixtures showed synergistic effects. The pesticide residues in the fish muscles were less than those in the water. It can be concluded that low concentrations of Nemacur, malathion, and diuron are negatively affecting fish in rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser El-Nahhal
- Pesticide Chemistry and Toxicology, The Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine.
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Rao BD, Chakraborty H, Keller S, Chattopadhyay A. Aggregation Behavior of pHLIP in Aqueous Solution at Low Concentrations: A Fluorescence Study. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:967-973. [PMID: 29959578 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
pH (low) insertion peptide (pHLIP) is a 36-residue peptide derived from the third transmembrane helix of the membrane protein bacteriorhodopsin. The hydrophobicity of this peptide makes it prone to aggregation even at low concentrations, but this has not been studied in detail. In this work, we characterized monomeric and aggregated forms of pHLIP in aqueous solution (pH 8) at low concentrations (~μM) using fluorescence-based approaches, complemented by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. We show here that monomeric and aggregated pHLIP display differential red edge excitation shift (REES) and CD spectra. These spectroscopic features allowed us to show that pHLIP aggregates even at low concentrations. A detailed knowledge of the aggregation behavior of pHLIP under these conditions will be useful for monitoring and quantifying its interaction with membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree D Rao
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,Academy for Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Hirak Chakraborty
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha, 768 019, India
| | - Sandro Keller
- Molecular Biophysics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Amitabha Chattopadhyay
- Academy for Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India. .,CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
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El-Nahhal Y, Lubbad R. Acute and single repeated dose effects of low concentrations of chlorpyrifos, diuron, and their combination on chicken. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:10837-10847. [PMID: 29397503 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1313-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the acute and single repeated dose effects of low concentrations of chlorpyrifos, diuron, and their mixture to chicken. The effects were determined as biological response (chicken behavior); physiological response (body weight, gaining weight); and biochemical response such as reduction of acetylcholine esterase activity (ACHE), changes in liver biomarkers, such as (1) alkaline phosphatase (ALP), (2) aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and (3) alanine aminotransferase (ALP), and effects on kidney biomarkers such as total protein, creatinine, uric acid, and urea. Results showed abnormal behavior on chicken received 5 μg/g and above from the tested compounds. A reduction in growth weight was observed in chicken received a single repeated dose of diuron and mixture. Enlargements in the liver and heart were observed in chicken received a single repeated dose of diuron. Percentage of serum ACHE inhibition increased linearly as the concentration of the tested compounds increased. The tested low concentration showed tremendous effects on liver enzymes and kidney functions. Similarly, a single repeated dose of the tested compounds caused severe inhibition on serum ACHE and affected the liver enzyme activities and kidney functions. It can be concluded that the low concentrations are not safe and may cause severe damage to the liver, heart, or kidney and disturb the life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser El-Nahhal
- Department of Environmental and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Islamic University-Gaza, P.O. Box 1175, Gaza Strip, Palestine.
| | - Raed Lubbad
- Department of Environmental and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Islamic University-Gaza, P.O. Box 1175, Gaza Strip, Palestine
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Zhao Q, Xing Y, Liu Z, Ouyang J, Du C. Synthesis and Characterization of Modified BiOCl and Their Application in Adsorption of Low-Concentration Dyes from Aqueous Solution. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:69. [PMID: 29492698 PMCID: PMC5834949 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of BiOCl and Fe3+-grafted BiOCl (Fe/BiOCl) is reported that are developed as efficient adsorbents for the removal of cationic dyes rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) as well as anionic dyes methyl orange (MO) and acid orange (AO) from aqueous solutions with low concentration of 0.01~0.04 mmol/L. Characterizations by various techniques indicate that Fe3+ grafting induced more open porous structure and higher specific surface area. Both BiOCl and Fe/BiOCl with negatively charged surfaces showed excellent adsorption efficiency toward cationic dyes, which could sharply reach 99.6 and nearly 100% within 3 min on BiOCl and 97.0 and 98.0% within 10 min on Fe/BiOCl for removing RhB and MB, respectively. However, Fe/BiOCl showed higher adsorption capacity than BiOCl toward ionic dyes. The influence of initial dye concentration, temperature, and pH value on the adsorption capacity is comprehensively studied. The adsorption process of RhB conforms to Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic feature. The excellent adsorption capacities of as-prepared adsorbents toward cationic dyes are rationalized on the basis of electrostatic attraction as well as open porous structure and high specific surface area. In comparison with Fe/BiOCl, BiOCl displays higher selective efficiency toward cationic dyes in mixed dye solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021 Inner Mongolia People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxing Xing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021 Inner Mongolia People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiliang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021 Inner Mongolia People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021 Inner Mongolia People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
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28
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Dou R, Zhang J, Chen Y, Feng S. High efficiency removal of triclosan by structure-directing agent modified mesoporous MIL-53(Al). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:8778-8789. [PMID: 28213709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to expand the potential applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), structure directing agents modified mesoporous MIL-53(Al) (MIL-53(Al)-1) was investigated to adsorb triclosan (TCS) with two different initial concentrations. MIL-53(Al)-1 with high mesoporosity and total pore volume exhibited higher adsorption capacity and 4.4 times faster adsorption of TCS at low concentration (1 mg L-1) than that of microporous MIL-53(Al). Also, mesoporous as well as microporous MIL-53(Al) showed significant higher adsorption capacity and two orders of magnitude greater fast uptake of TCS than two kinds of mesoporous-activated carbon. The adsorption of TCS onto MIL-53(Al)-1 released more energy and had higher disorderliness than TCS on MIL-53(Al). The superior adsorption characteristics of MIL-53(Al)-1 were preserved over a wide pH range (4-9), at high concentration of ionic strengths, and in the presence of coexisting compounds (anions, cations, phenol, aniline, and humic acid). The selectivity adsorption and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra revealed that TCS adsorption on MIL-53(Al)s was mainly driven by hydrophobicity interaction assisted with hydrogen bonding on MIL-53(Al)s. MIL-53(Al)s can be effectively regenerated several times by washing with 90% methanol-water (pH 11). All of the above results demonstrated MIL-53(Al)s are promising adsorbents for water purification. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongni Dou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junya Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuancai Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Cobbina SJ, Xu H, Zhao T, Mao G, Zhou Z, Wu X, Liu H, Zou Y, Wu X, Yang L. A multivariate assessment of innate immune-related gene expressions due to exposure to low concentration individual and mixtures of four kinds of heavy metals on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 47:1032-1042. [PMID: 26549173 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Concerns over the potential health effects of mixtures of low concentration heavy metals on living organisms keep growing by the day. However, the toxicity of low concentration metal mixtures on the immune system of fish species has rarely been investigated. In this study, the zebrafish model was employed to investigate the effect on innate immune and antioxidant-related gene expressions, on exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of individual and mixtures of Pb (0.01 mg/L), Hg (0.001 mg/L), As (0.01 mg/L) and Cd (0.005 mg/L). Messenger-RNA (mRNA) levels of IL1β, TNF-α, IFNγ, Mx, Lyz, C3B and CXCL-Clc which are closely associated with the innate immune system were affected after exposing zebrafish embryos to metals for 120 h post fertilization (hpf). Individual and mixtures of metals exhibited different potentials to modulate innate-immune gene transcription. IL1β genes were significantly up regulated on exposure to Pb + As (2.01-fold) and inhibited on exposure to Pb + Hg + Cd (0.13-fold). TNF-α was significantly inhibited on exposure to As (0.40-fold) and Pb + As (0.32-fold) compared to control. Metal mixtures generally up regulated IFNγ compared to individual metals. Additionally, antioxidant genes were affected, as CAT and GPx gene expressions generally increased, whiles Mn-SOD and Zn/Cu-SOD reduced. Multivariate analysis showed that exposure to individual metals greatly influenced modulation of innate immune genes; whiles metal mixtures influenced antioxidant gene expressions. This suggests that beside oxidative stress, there may be other pathways influencing gene expressions of innate immune and antioxidant-related genes. Low concentration heavy metals also affect expression of development-related (wnt8a and vegf) genes. Altogether, the results of this study clearly demonstrate that low concentration individual and mixtures of metals in aquatic systems will greatly influence the immune system. It is indicative that mechanisms associated with toxicity of metal mixtures is complex, however, further studies to elucidate them are ongoing in our research laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Jerry Cobbina
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xueshan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanmin Zou
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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30
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Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that is indispensable for mammalian development and occurs at cytosine residues throughout the genome (the "methylome"). Approximately 70 % of all CpG dinucleotides are affected by DNA methylation, which serve to "lock in" chromatin states and thus transcriptional programs. The systemic and pervasive occurrence of DNA methylation throughout the genome defines cellular identity and therefore requires genome-wide assays to fully appreciate and discern differential patterns of methylation that influence aspects of phenotypic plasticity including susceptibility to common complex disease.One method that permits methylome analysis is methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) combined with next-generation sequencing (MeDIP-seq). MeDIP uses an antibody raised against 5-methylcytosine to capture methylated fragments of DNA, which are subsequently sequenced to envisage the methylome landscape. The advantageous cost versus coverage balance of MeDIP-seq has made it the method of choice to replace or complement array-based methods for population epigenetic studies. Here we detail nano-MeDIP-seq, which allows methylome analysis using nanogram quantities of starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee M Butcher
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Stephan Beck
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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31
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Ly S, Kim NJ, Youn M, Kim Y, Sung Y, Kim D, Chung T. Real-time Assay of Toxic Lead in In Vivo Living Plant Tissue. Toxicol Res 2013; 29:293-8. [PMID: 24578800 PMCID: PMC3936182 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2013.29.4.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A method of detecting lead was developed using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) with DNA-carbon nanotube paste electrode (CNTPE). The results indicated a sensitive oxidation peak current of lead on the DNA-CNTPE. The curves were obtained within a concentration range of 50 ngL(-1)-20 mgL(-1) with preconcentration time of 100, 200, and 400 sec at the concentration of mgL(-1), μgL(-1), and ngL(-1), respectively. The observed relative standard deviation was 0.101% (n = 12) in the lead concentration of 30.0 μgL(-1) under optimum conditions. The low detection limit (S/N) was pegged at 8 ngL(-1) (2.6 × 10(-8) M). Results showed that the developed method can be used in real-time assay in vivo without requiring any pretreatment and pharmaceutical samples, and food samples, as well as other materials requiring water source contamination analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuwYoung Ly
- Biosensor Research Institute in Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nack Joo Kim
- Dept. of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National Univ. of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsang Youn
- Advanced Scientific Research Group in Shinil High School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongwook Kim
- Advanced Scientific Research Group in Shinil High School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeolmin Sung
- Advanced Scientific Research Group in Shinil High School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dohoon Kim
- Advanced Scientific Research Group in Shinil High School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tackhyun Chung
- Advanced Scientific Research Group in Shinil High School, Seoul, Korea
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