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Pan Y, Iwata T. Exploring the Genetic Landscape of Childhood Glaucoma. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:454. [PMID: 38671671 PMCID: PMC11048810 DOI: 10.3390/children11040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Childhood glaucoma, a significant cause of global blindness, represents a heterogeneous group of disorders categorized into primary or secondary forms. Primary childhood glaucoma stands as the most prevalent subtype, comprising primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG). Presently, multiple genes are implicated in inherited forms of primary childhood glaucoma. This comprehensive review delves into genetic investigations into primary childhood glaucoma, with a focus on identifying causative genes, understanding their inheritance patterns, exploring essential biological pathways in disease pathogenesis, and utilizing animal models to study these mechanisms. Specifically, attention is directed towards genes such as CYP1B1 (cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1), LTBP2 (latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 2), TEK (TEK receptor tyrosine kinase), ANGPT1 (angiopoietin 1), and FOXC1 (forkhead box C1), all associated with PCG; and MYOC (myocilin), associated with JOAG. Through exploring these genetic factors, this review aims to deepen our understanding of the intricate pathogenesis of primary childhood glaucoma, thereby facilitating the development of enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takeshi Iwata
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan;
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2
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Tirendi S, Domenicotti C, Bassi AM, Vernazza S. Genetics and Glaucoma: the state of the art. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1289952. [PMID: 38152303 PMCID: PMC10751926 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1289952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Although genetic background contributes differently to rare early-onset glaucoma (before age 40) or common adult-onset glaucoma, it is now considered an important factor in all major forms of the disease. Genetic and genomic studies, including GWAS, are contributing to identifying novel loci associated with glaucoma or to endophenotypes across ancestries to enrich the knowledge about glaucoma genetic susceptibility. Moreover, new high-throughput functional genomics contributes to defining the relevance of genetic results in the biological pathways and processes involved in glaucoma pathogenesis. Such studies are expected to advance significantly our understanding of glaucoma's genetic basis and provide new druggable targets to treat glaucoma. This review gives an overview of the role of genetics in the pathogenesis or risk of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tirendi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Domenicotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Bassi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Vernazza
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
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Abdul Majeed S, Dunzendorfer H, Weiner J, Heiker JT, Kiess W, Körner A, Landgraf K. COBL, MKX and MYOC Are Potential Regulators of Brown Adipose Tissue Development Associated with Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36834493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is already accompanied by adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction and metabolic disease in children and increases the risk of premature death. Due to its energy-dissipating function, brown AT (BAT) has been discussed as being protective against obesity and related metabolic dysfunction. To analyze the molecular processes associated with BAT development, we investigated genome-wide expression profiles in brown and white subcutaneous and perirenal AT samples of children. We identified 39 upregulated and 26 downregulated genes in uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-positive compared to UCP1-negative AT samples. We prioritized for genes that had not been characterized regarding a role in BAT biology before and selected cordon-bleu WH2 repeat protein (COBL), mohawk homeobox (MKX) and myocilin (MYOC) for further functional characterization. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of Cobl and Mkx during brown adipocyte differentiation in vitro resulted in decreased Ucp1 expression, while the inhibition of Myoc led to increased Ucp1 expression. Furthermore, COBL, MKX and MYOC expression in the subcutaneous AT of children is related to obesity and parameters of AT dysfunction and metabolic disease, such as adipocyte size, leptin levels and HOMA-IR. In conclusion, we identify COBL, MKX and MYOC as potential regulators of BAT development and show an association of these genes with early metabolic dysfunction in children.
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Li H, Han X, Du W, Meng Y, Li Y, Sun T, Liang Q, Li C, Suo C, Gao X, Qiu Y, Tian W, An M, Zhang H, Fu Y, Li X, Lan T, Yang S, Zhang Z, Geng W, Ding C, Shang H. Comparative miRNA transcriptomics of macaques and mice reveals MYOC is an inhibitor for Cryptococcus neoformans invasion into the brain. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:1572-1585. [PMID: 35621025 PMCID: PMC9176638 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2081619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) is emerging as an infection in HIV/AIDS patients shifted from primarily ARTnaive to ART-experienced individuals, as well as patients with COVID-19 and immunocompetent hosts. This fungal infection is mainly caused by the opportunistic human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Brain or central nervous system (CNS) dissemination is the deadliest process for this disease; however, mechanisms underlying this process have yet to be elucidated. Moreover, illustrations of clinically relevant responses in cryptococcosis are currently limited due to the low availability of clinical samples. In this study, to explore the clinically relevant responses during C. neoformans infection, macaque and mouse infection models were employed and miRNA-mRNA transcriptomes were performed and combined, which revealed cytoskeleton, a major feature of HIV/AIDS patients, was a centric pathway regulated in both infection models. Notably, assays of clinical immune cells confirmed an enhanced macrophage “Trojan Horse” in patients with HIV/AIDS, which could be shut down by cytoskeleton inhibitors. Furthermore, myocilin, encoded by MYOC, was found to be a novel enhancer for the macrophage “Trojan Horse,” and an enhanced fungal burden was achieved in the brains of MYOC-transgenic mice. Taken together, the findings from this study reveal fundamental roles of the cytoskeleton and MYOC in fungal CNS dissemination, which not only helps to understand the high prevalence of CM in HIV/AIDS but also facilitates the development of novel therapeutics for meningoencephalitis caused by C. neoformans and other pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Du
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Meng
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjian Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianshu Sun
- Medical Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaojing Liang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhao Suo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xindi Gao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Qiu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui An
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Fu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Lan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Yang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zining Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqing Geng
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Ding
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Shang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Burdon KP, Graham P, Hadler J, Hulleman JD, Pasutto F, Boese EA, Craig JE, Fingert JH, Hewitt AW, Siggs OM, Whisenhunt K, Young TL, Mackey DA, Dubowsky A, Souzeau E. Specifications of the ACMG/AMP variant curation guidelines for myocilin: Recommendations from the clingen glaucoma expert panel. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:2170-2186. [PMID: 36217948 PMCID: PMC9771967 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The standardization of variant curation criteria is essential for accurate interpretation of genetic results and clinical care of patients. The variant curation guidelines developed by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) in 2015 are widely used but are not gene specific. To address this issue, the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Variant Curation Expert Panels (VCEP) have been tasked with developing gene-specific variant curation guidelines. The Glaucoma VCEP was created to develop rule specifications for genes associated with primary glaucoma, including myocilin (MYOC), the most common cause of Mendelian glaucoma. Of the 28 ACMG/AMP criteria, the Glaucoma VCEP adapted 15 rules to MYOC and determined 13 rules not applicable. Key specifications included determining minor allele frequency thresholds, developing an approach to counting probands and segregations, and reviewing functional assays. The rules were piloted on 81 variants and led to a change in classification in 40% of those that were classified in ClinVar, with functional evidence influencing the classification of 18 variants. The standardized variant curation guidelines for MYOC provide a framework for the consistent application of the rules between laboratories, to improve MYOC genetic testing in the management of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn P. Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Patricia Graham
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Johanna Hadler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John D. Hulleman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Francesca Pasutto
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erin A. Boese
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jamie E. Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John H. Fingert
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Alex W. Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Owen M. Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristina Whisenhunt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Terri L. Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David A. Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Selvan H, Gupta S, Wiggs JL, Gupta V. Juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma - A clinical and genetic update. Surv Ophthalmol 2022; 67:1099-1117. [PMID: 34536459 PMCID: PMC9192165 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) is a subset of primary open-angle glaucoma that is diagnosed before 40 years of age. The disease may be familial or non-familial, with proportions varying among different populations. Myocilin mutations are the most commonly associated. JOAG is characterized by high intraocular pressures (IOP), with many patients needing surgery. The mean age at diagnosis is in the 3rd decade, with a male preponderance. Myopia is a common association. The pathophysiology underlying the disease is immaturity of the conventional outflow pathways, which may or may not be observed on gonioscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography. The unique optic nerve head features include large discs with deep, steep cupping associated with high IOP-induced damage. Progression rates among JOAG patients are comparable to adult primary glaucomas, but as the disease affects younger patients, the projected disability from this disease is higher. Early diagnosis, prompt management, and life-long monitoring play an important role in preventing disease progression. Gene-based therapies currently under investigation offer future hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harathy Selvan
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Viney Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,Corresponding author: Viney Gupta, MD, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India. (V. Gupta)
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Liuska PJ, Harju M, Kivelä TT, Turunen JA. Prevalence of MYOC risk variants for glaucoma in different populations. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e1090-e1097. [PMID: 33421356 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the clinical relevance of myocilin (MYOC) gene variants as risk factors for glaucoma in literature and to estimate their prevalence in different populations. METHODS We reviewed the literature for published MYOC variants in glaucoma patients and estimated their prevalence in general population using gnomAD and BRAVO databases. We used several bioinformatics tools and the criteria of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) to assess the pathogenicity of the variants. We evaluated the carrier frequency of the variants in gnomAD, including its subpopulations. RESULTS We found 13 missense and 5 loss-of-function (LOF) reported variants in MYOC that were both probable pathogenic or risk variants and listed in gnomAD. Six likely pathogenic missense variants were p.(Cys25Arg), p.(Gln48His), p.(Gly326Ser), p.(Thr353Ile), p.(Thr377Met) and p.(Gly399Val). They were most prevalent in East and South Asia (frequency, 0.92% and 0.81%, respectively). The most common missense variants were p.(Thr353Ile) (0.91% in East Asia) and p.(Gln48His) (0.79% in South Asia). Five LOF variants were p.(Arg46Ter), p.(Arg91Ter), p.(Arg272Ter), p.(Gln368Ter) and p.(Tyr453MetfsTer11). We considered these glaucoma risk variants. They were most prevalent in the East Asian and the Finnish population (0.93% and 0.33%, respectively). CONCLUSION Pathogenic MYOC variants appear to be population-associated. Our results highlight allelic heterogeneity of MYOC variants in open-angle glaucoma. Many of the probable pathogenic variants are over-represented in some of the populations causing doubt of their status as monogenic disease-causing variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mika Harju
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Tero T. Kivelä
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Joni A. Turunen
- Folkhälsan Research Center Biomedicum Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
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Zhang Y, Li S, Wen X, Tong H, Li S, Yan Y. MYOC Promotes the Differentiation of C2C12 Cells by Regulation of the TGF-β Signaling Pathways via CAV1. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:686. [PMID: 34356541 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary MYOC is a secreted glycoprotein and it expresses at high levels in skeletal muscle cells. However, the function of MYOC in muscle is still unclear. Accordingly, in this study, we examined that MYOC expression increased gradually during C2C12 differentiation and it could promote the differentiation of C2C12. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MYOC could bind to CAV1. We further confirmed that CAV1 could positively regulate C2C12 differentiation through the TGF-β pathway. At last, we determined the relationship among MYOC, CAV1 and TGF-β. We found that MYOC promoted the differentiation of C2C12 cells by regulation of the TGF-β signaling pathways via CAV1. The present study is the first to demonstrate the mechanism of action of MYOC in C2C12 cells. It provides a novel method of exploring the mechanism of muscle differentiation and represents a potential novel method for the treatment of muscle diseases. Abstract Myocilin (MYOC) is a glycoprotein encoded by a gene associated with glaucoma pathology. In addition to the eyes, it also expresses at high transcription levels in the heart and skeletal muscle. MYOC affects the formation of the murine gastrocnemius muscle and is associated with the differentiation of mouse osteoblasts, but its role in the differentiation of C2C12 cells has not yet been reported. Here, MYOC expression was found to increase gradually during the differentiation of C2C12 cells. Overexpression of MYOC resulted in enhanced differentiation of C2C12 cells while its inhibition caused reduced differentiation. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation indicated that MYOC binds to Caveolin-1 (CAV1), a protein that influences the TGF-β pathway. Laser confocal microscopy also revealed the common sites of action of the two during the differentiation of C2C12 cells. Additionally, CAV1 was upregulated significantly as C2C12 cells differentiated, with CAV1 able to influence the differentiation of the cells. Furthermore, the Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the expression of MYOC affected the TGF-β pathway. Finally, MYOC was overexpressed while CAV1 was inhibited. The results indicate that reduced CAV1 expression blocked the promotion of C2C12 cell differentiation by MYOC. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that MYOC regulates TGF-β by influencing CAV1 to promote the differentiation of C2C12 cells.
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Ava S, Demirtaş AA, Karahan M, Erdem S, Oral D, Keklikçi U. Genetic analysis of patients with primary congenital glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 41:2565-2574. [PMID: 33745036 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01815-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the common gene mutation in patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) in the Southeast region of Turkey via genetic analysis and to evaluate whether there were other gene mutations in these patients. METHODS A total of 25 patients with PCG were included in this study. We performed sequence analysis including all exons of cytochrome p450 1B1 (CYP1B1), myocilin (MYOC), forkhead box C1 (FOXC1), and paired-like homeodomain 2 (PITX2) genes of the obtained samples. Further, we analyzed the results using the Nextgen analysis program. RESULTS The CYP1B1 gene mutation was detected in 20 (80%) of 25 patients, and FOXC1 gene mutation was detected in one (4%) patient. The mutation site of nine (45%) of the 20 CYP1B1 genes was found in the second exon. The pathogenic variant (p.Gly61Glu) was observed in 12 (60%) patients (in the first and second exons); the mutation type of six (50%) of these patients was homozygous. The mutation site of one patient with FOXC1 gene mutation was found to be in the first exon; its pathogenic variant was p.Met400lle. The mutation type in this gene was observed to be heterozygous. Lastly, there were no mutations in the MYOC, FOXC1, and PITX2 genes in combination with the CYP1B1 gene mutation. CONCLUSION The most common cause of PCG in our region is the CYP1B1 gene mutation, and the most frequent pathogenic variant is c.182G > A (p.Gly61Glu). We also determined that the CYP1B1 gene mutation was alone and did not occur with other gene mutations (MYOC, FOXC1, and PITX2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Ava
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Atılım Armağan Demirtaş
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Sciences University, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Mine Karahan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Seyfettin Erdem
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Diclehan Oral
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Uğur Keklikçi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Lu H, Chen Y, Kong Y, Liu X, Li N, Zhang S, Xu H. Glaucoma phenotype in a large Chinese family with myocilin Val251Ala mutation. Genomics 2020; 112:5129-5135. [PMID: 32937162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Family study is an effective way to identify disease-causing mutations (DCMs) and characterize the clinical phenotype of genetic diseases. In this study we recruited a Chinese primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) family spanning six generations and consisting 112 individuals, in which 63 were participated in. Targeted exome sequencing on the proband identified a heterozygous mutation (c.752T>C, p.Val251Ala) in MYOC gene. Sanger sequencing performed on all participants found that fourteen family members carried this mutation. Ten (71.4%) of them were diagnosed with POAG, two (14.3%) with ocular hypertension (OHT) and two (14.3%) without manifestations of glaucoma. According to the results of ophthalmic examinations of the family members and their medical history, we found that the Val251Ala mutation was associated with clinical phenotype including intermediate penetrance, high intraocular pressure (IOP), severe visual defects and requirement of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- Eye institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Eye institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanan Kong
- Eye institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- Eye institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Eye institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuqiang Zhang
- Key Lab of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Lab of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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11
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Yang Y, Abdulatef ASWA, Zhang L, Jiang H, Zeng Z, Li H, Xia X. Cross-talk between MYOC p. Y437H mutation and TGF-β2 in the pathology of glaucoma. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1062-1070. [PMID: 32410836 PMCID: PMC7211149 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.43614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To identify the interaction between the MYOC Y437H mutation and TGF-β2 in a family with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: The MYOC Y437H mutation was identified in a family with POAG; the family was a fourth-generation family with 27 members, of which 6 members were affected. Analysis focused on the secreted myocilin protein and TGF-β2 found in the aqueous humor. Samples were taken both from normal controls and MYOC mutant carriers and cross-talk between MYOC Y437H and TGF-β2 were evaluated in the trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. Results: Aqueous humor secreted myocilin protein levels were reduced while TGF-β2 levels were increased in patients with the MYOC (c.1309T>C) mutation. This inverse relationship indicated that elevated TGF-β2 may be an important pathogenic mechanism in the progression of myocilin-related POAG. In TM cells expressing the MYOC Y437H mutant, exogenous TGF-β2 also significantly increased myocilin expression as well as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers GRP94 and CHOP. This increase in TGF-β2 was also associated with increased cell death in cells carrying the MYOC Y437H mutation. Conclusion: These data collectively suggest that the mutual interaction between glaucomatous MYOC mutation and TGF-β2 contributed to the cell death of TM cells. This relationship also provides a new, therapeutic targets for the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Eye center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital of Yueyang, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan Province, China
| | | | - LuSi Zhang
- The School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province, China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Eye center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhou Zeng
- Eye center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Eye center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
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12
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Wang SL, Piao SY, Xu MY, Zhang W, Ma JQ, Hao J, Chi H, Xue ZQ, Ha SP, Zhuang WJ. Evaluating correlation between the ocular biometry and genetic variants of MYOC and ABCA1 with primary angle-closure glaucoma in a cohort from northern China. Int J Ophthalmol 2019; 12:1317-1322. [PMID: 31456923 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.08.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether the gene variants in MYOC and ABCA1 are associated with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) in samples from northern China. METHODS The present case-control association study consisted of 500 PACG patients and 720 unrelated controls. Each participant was genotyped for eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MYOC and ABCA1 genes (rs12076134, rs183532, rs235875 and rs235913 in MYOC, rs2422493, rs2487042, rs2472496, rs2472493, rs2487032, rs2472459 and rs2472519 near ABCA1) using an improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) technique. The genetic association analyses were performed by PLINK using a logistic regression model. The association between genotypes and ocular biometric parameters was performed by SPSS using generalized estimation equation. Bonferroni corrections were implemented and the statistical power was calculated by the Power and Sample Size Calculation. RESULTS Two SNPs rs183532 and rs235875 as well as a haplotype TTC in MYOC were nominally associated with PACG despite the significance was lost after Bonferroni correction. No association was observed between ABCA1 and PACG, neither did the association between these variants and ACD as well as AL. CONCLUSION The present study suggests MYOC and ABCA1 do not play a part in the pathogenesis of PACG as well as the regulation of ocular biometric parameters in a northern Chinese population. Further investigations with large sample size are needed to verify this consequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Lin Wang
- Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.,Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University For Nationalities), Yinchuan 750011, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shun-Yu Piao
- Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Man-Yun Xu
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University For Nationalities), Yinchuan 750011, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University For Nationalities), Yinchuan 750011, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian-Qing Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuzhong People's Hospital, Wuzhong 751100, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Juan Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Xue
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University For Nationalities), Yinchuan 750011, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shao-Ping Ha
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University For Nationalities), Yinchuan 750011, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhuang
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University For Nationalities), Yinchuan 750011, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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Svidnicki PV, Braghini CA, Costa VP, Schimiti RB, de Vasconcellos JPC, de Melo MB. Occurrence of MYOC and CYP1B1 variants in juvenile open angle glaucoma Brazilian patients. Ophthalmic Genet 2019; 39:717-724. [PMID: 30484747 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2018.1546405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to screen juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG) patients from Brazil for variants within the MYOC and CYP1B1 genes. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, we evaluated the coding regions of MYOC and CYP1B1 genes in 100 non-related patients with JOAG and 200 controls through Sanger sequencing. We also tested the most frequent single nucleotide variants of CYP1B1 for association with JOAG. RESULTS Sixteen different sequence variants in the MYOC gene were observed in JOAG patients: eight variants were described as neutral and eight were identified in 34 out of 100 patients with JOAG and no controls, thus being considered damaging. In the CYP1B1 gene, nine neutral variants and two damaging alterations were found among JOAG patients. No association between CYP1B1 variants and JOAG was detected. CONCLUSION While MYOC damaging alterations were highly prevalent (34%), CYP1B1 damaging variants were less frequent (2%) in this cohort of Brazilian JOAG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Vinicius Svidnicki
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Carolina Ayumi Braghini
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Vital Paulino Costa
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Rui Barroso Schimiti
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil.,c Glaucoma Service , Hoftalon Hospital , Londrina , PR , Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Barbosa de Melo
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
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14
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Yao YH, Wang YQ, Fang WF, Zhang L, Yang JH, Zhu YH. A recurrent G367R mutation in MYOC associated with juvenile open angle glaucoma in a large Chinese family. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:369-374. [PMID: 29600168 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.03.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify the mutations of MYOC, OPTN, CYP1B1 and WDR36 in a large Chinese family affected by juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG). METHODS Of 114 members of one family were recruited in this study. Blood samples from twelve members of this pedigree were collected for further research. As a control, 100 unrelated subjects were recruited from the same hospital. The exon and flanking intron sequences of candidate genes were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS The proband (III:10) was a seventy-three years old woman with binocular JOAG at the age of 31. A recurrent heterozygous mutation (c.1099G>A) of MYOC was identified in the three JOAG patients and another suspect. This transition was located in the first base pair of codon 367 (GGA>AGA) in exon 3 of MYOC and was predicted to be a missense substitution of glycine to arginine (p.G367R) in myocilin. Mutations in OPTN, CYP1B1 or WDR36 were not detected in this study. The G367R mutation was not present in unaffected family members or in 100 ethnically matched controls. Other variants of the coding regions of candidate genes were not detected in all participants. To date, this family was the largest to have been identified as carrying a certain MYOC mutation in China, further evidence of a founder effect for the G367R MYOC mutant was provided by our data. CONCLUSION A MYOC c.1099G>A mutation in an autosomal dominant JOAG family is identified and the characteristic phenotypes among the patients are summarized. Genetic testing could be utilized in high-risk populations and be helpful not only for genetic counseling, but also for early diagnosis and treatment of affected patients or carriers of inherited JOAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ya-Qin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan 442008, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442008, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei-Fang Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Fuzhou Eye Hospital, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ju-Hua Yang
- Biomedical Engineering Center of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yi-Hua Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
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15
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Agrahari V, Li G, Agrahari V, Navarro I, Perkumas K, Mandal A, Stamer WD, Mitra AK. Pentablock copolymer dexamethasone nanoformulations elevate MYOC: in vitro liberation, activity and safety in human trabecular meshwork cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:1911-1926. [PMID: 28756742 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to examine the elevation of MYOC in long-term treatment of human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells using dexamethasone (DEX) encapsulated pentablock (PB) copolymer-based nanoparticles (NPs) (DEX-PB-NPs). MATERIALS & METHODS PB copolymers and DEX-PB-NPs were synthesized and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, and X-ray diffraction analyses. MYOC levels secreted from HTM cells were measured by western blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS DEX-PB-NPs were formulated in the size range of 109 ± 3.77 nm (n = 3). A long term DEX release from the NPs was observed over three months. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were not affected up to 12 weeks of treatment with PB-copolymer or DEX-PB-NPs. WB data from five HTM cell strains showed that MYOC levels increased by 5.2 ± 1.3, 7.4 ± 4.3, and 2.8 ± 1.1-fold in the presence of DEX-PB-NPs compared with 9.2 ± 3.8, 2.2 ± 0.5, and 1.5 ± 0.3-fold at 4, 8 and 12 weeks in control-DEX treatment group, respectively (n = 5). Based on the decline in MYOC levels after withdrawal of DEX from control wells, DEX-PB-NPs released the DEX for at least 10 weeks. CONCLUSION The treatment of HTM cells using DEX-PB-NPs were analyzed in this study. The in vitro cell-based system developed here is a valuable tool for determining the safety and effects of steroids released from polymeric NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhuti Agrahari
- School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Guorong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Vivek Agrahari
- School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Iris Navarro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kristin Perkumas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Abhirup Mandal
- School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - W Daniel Stamer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ashim K Mitra
- School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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16
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Hogewind BF, Micheal S, Schoenmaker-Koller FE, Hoyng CB, den Hollander AI. Analyses of Sequence Variants in the MYOC Gene and of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the NR3C1 and FKBP5 Genes in Corticosteroid-Induced Ocular Hypertension. Ophthalmic Genet 2015; 36:299-302. [PMID: 24417561 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2013.879598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To perform an independent replication study to determine whether genetic variants in MYOC, NR3C1 and FKBP5 are involved in steroid-induced ocular hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective case-control study was peformed on native Dutch patients who were treated with 4.0 mg intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA). The patients were divided into an intraocular hypertension group (intraocular pressure >21 mmHg within a year after IVTA) and a non-intraocular hypertension group. The cohort was genotyped for 31 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): 21 in NR3C1 and 10 in FKBP5. In addition, the open reading frame of MYOC was sequenced. RESULTS A total of 102 patients were included in this study: 58 steroid responders and 44 non-responders. No significant associations were found for the studied SNPs in NR3C1 and FKBP5. Heterozygous amino acid variants were detected in the MYOC gene in two patients of the non-intraocular hypertension group. CONCLUSIONS This study does not confirm a role for genetic variants in the MYOC, NR3C1 and FKBP5 genes in the pathogenesis of corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barend F Hogewind
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Medical Centre Haaglanden , Den Haag .,b Department of Ophthalmology , and
| | | | | | | | - Anneke I den Hollander
- b Department of Ophthalmology , and.,c Department of Human Genetics , Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
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17
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Yang Y, Shi Y, Huang X, Li X, Ye Z, Shuai P, Qu C, Chen R, Xu J, Yang Z, Lu F, Gong B. Identification of a novel MYOC mutation in a Chinese family with primary open-angle glaucoma. Gene 2015; 571:188-93. [PMID: 26095806 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The myocilin (MYOC) gene has been shown to be related to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). This study was aimed to detect the mutations in MYOC in a Chinese family with POAG. METHODS A family with four members, the parents, a son and a daughter, was enrolled in this study. All members of the family underwent the complete ophthalmologic examinations. Genomic DNA was collected from peripheral blood of all the participants. The coding sequence of MYOC was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS The son, who was the proband of this family, was diagnosed as early-onset POAG in both eyes. His mother was diagnosed as POAG ten years ago. A novel heterozygous missense mutation c.761C<G (p.P254R) in the MYOC gene, was identified as being co-segregated with the phenotype of this family. This mutation was detected in the two affected patients, but not present in the other normal family members or 384 normal controls. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a mutation spectrum of MYOC resulting in POAG development in a Chinese population, which may help to better understand the molecular pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of MYOC-associated POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiulan Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zimeng Ye
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Shuai
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Xu
- Qunli Surgical Operating Room, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bo Gong
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disease Gene Study, Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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18
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Guo H, Li M, Wang Z, Liu Q, Wu X. Association of MYOC and APOE promoter polymorphisms and primary open-angle glaucoma: a meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:2052-2064. [PMID: 25932136 PMCID: PMC4402783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common form of glaucoma with a genetic predisposition. The relationship between polymorphisms in MYOC or APOE promoter region and POAG has been addressed in many case-control studies, but the published results were not consistent. METHODS A meta-analysis assessing the association between five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (in MYOC promoter: rs12035719 and rs2075648; in APOE promoter: rs405509, rs769446 and rs449647) and the risk of POAG was performed based on included studies from literature research. In fixed effect model or random effect model, the Mantel-Haenszel (M-H) pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to evaluate the genetic association. Stratification analysis was also conducted to test the association within Asian or Caucasian populations. RESULTS Twenty five case-control studies within multiple populations were identified and no publish bias was observed. Significant association was detected between POAG risk and MYOC rs2075648 in Caucasian (GA+AA vs. GG, OR=0.587, 95% CI=0.437-0.788, P < 0.001). For other SNPs and in other ethnic populations, no statistic evidence was detected for significant association between them and the development of POAG. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested a genetic association between one of MYOC polymorphism (rs2075648) and the risk of POAG only in Caucasian population. The significant heterogeneity for this locus might imply the different POAG genetic basis among different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Minghao Li
- School of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Qiji Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of The Ministry of Education, Shandong University School of MedicineJinan, China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, China
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Kitsos G, Petrou Z, Grigoriadou M, Samples JR, Hewitt AW, Kokotas H, Giannoulia-Karantana A, Mackey DA, Wirtz MK, Moschou M, Ioannidis JPA, Petersen MB. Primary open angle glaucoma due to T377M MYOC: Population mapping of a Greek founder mutation in Northwestern Greece. Clin Ophthalmol 2010; 4:171-8. [PMID: 20390039 PMCID: PMC2850831 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s8974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mutations in the MYOC gene have been shown to explain 5% of unrelated primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in different populations. In particular, the T377M MYOC mutation has arisen at least three separate times in history, in Great Britain, India, and Greece. The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution of the mutation among different population groups in the northwestern region of Greece. Materials and methods: We explored the distribution of the “Greek” T377M founder mutation in the Epirus region in Northwestern Greece, which could be its origin. Genotyping was performed in POAG cases and controls by PCR amplification of the MYOC gene, followed by digestion with restriction enzyme. Statistical analyses were performed by an exact test, the Kaplan–Meier method and the t-test. Results: In the isolated Chrysovitsa village in the Pindus Mountains, a large POAG family demonstrated the T377M mutation in 20 of 66 family members while no controls from the Epirus region (n = 124) carried this mutation (P < 0.001). Among other POAG cases from Epirus, 2 out of 14 familial cases and 1 out of 80 sporadic cases showed the mutation (P = 0.057). The probability of POAG diagnosis with advancing age among mutation carriers was 23% at age 40, and reached 100% at age 75. POAG patients with the T377M mutation were diagnosed at a mean age of 51 years (SD ± 13.9), which is younger than the sporadic or familial POAG cases: 63.1 (SD ± 11) and 66.8 (SD ± 9.8) years, respectively. Conclusions: The T377M mutation was found in high proportion in members of the Chrysovitsa family (30.3%), in lower proportion in familial POAG cases (14.2%) and seems rare in sporadic POAG cases (1.2%), while no controls (0%) from the Epirus region carried the mutation. Historical and geographical data may explain the distribution of this mutation within Greece and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kitsos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
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