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Dieguez-Alonso A, Anca-Couce A, Frišták V, Moreno-Jiménez E, Bacher M, Bucheli TD, Cimò G, Conte P, Hagemann N, Haller A, Hilber I, Husson O, Kammann CI, Kienzl N, Leifeld J, Rosenau T, Soja G, Schmidt HP. Designing biochar properties through the blending of biomass feedstock with metals: Impact on oxyanions adsorption behavior. Chemosphere 2019; 214:743-753. [PMID: 30293028 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-blending of biomass prior to pyrolysis is investigated in this work as a tool to modify biochar physico-chemical properties and its behavior as adsorbent. Six different compounds were used for metal-blending: AlCl3, Cu(OH)2, FeSO4, KCl, MgCl2 and Mg(OH)2. Pyrolysis experiments were performed at 400 and 700 °C and the characterization of biochar properties included: elemental composition, thermal stability, surface area and pore size distribution, Zeta potential, redox potential, chemical structure (with nuclear magnetic resonance) and adsorption behavior of arsenate, phosphate and nitrate. Metalblending strongly affected biochars' surface charge and redox potential. Moreover, it increased biochars' microporosity (per mass of organic carbon). For most biochars, mesoporosity was also increased. The adsorption behavior was enhanced for all metal-blended biochars, although with significant differences across species: Mg(OH)2-blended biochar produced at 400 °C showed the highest phosphate adsorption capacity (Langmuir Qmax approx. 250 mg g-1), while AlCl3-blended biochar produced also at 400 °C showed the highest arsenate adsorption (Langmuir Qmax approx. 14 mg g-1). Significant differences were present, even for the same biochar, with respect to the investigated oxyanions. This indicates that biochar properties need to be optimized for each application, but also that this optimization can be achieved with tools such as metal-blending. These results constitute a significant contribution towards the production of designer biochars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Dieguez-Alonso
- Institute of Energy Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Chair for Energy Process Engineering and Conversion Technologies for Renewable Energies, Fasanenstr. 89, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andrés Anca-Couce
- Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25b, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Vladimír Frišták
- Department of Chemistry, Trnava University, Trnava, SK-918 43, Slovak Republic
| | - Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Agrícola y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus Bacher
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU University), Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewables, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Thomas D Bucheli
- Environmental Analytics, Agroscope, Reckenholzstr. 191, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Cimò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 4, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Conte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 4, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nikolas Hagemann
- Environmental Analytics, Agroscope, Reckenholzstr. 191, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Haller
- Department of Applied Ecology, Hochschule Geisenheim University, von-Lade Str. 1, 65366, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Isabel Hilber
- Environmental Analytics, Agroscope, Reckenholzstr. 191, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Husson
- CIRAD, UPR AIDA, TAB 115/02, Avenue Agropolis, F-34398, Montpellier, France; AIDA, University Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Claudia I Kammann
- Department of Applied Ecology, Hochschule Geisenheim University, von-Lade Str. 1, 65366, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Kienzl
- BIOENERGY 2020+ GmbH, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jens Leifeld
- Climate and Agriculture, Agroscope, Reckenholzstr. 191, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Rosenau
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU University), Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewables, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Gerhard Soja
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Environmental Resources & Technologies, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Schmidt
- Ithaka Institute for Carbon Strategies, Ancienne Eglise 9, Arbaz, 1974, Switzerland
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