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Fortin O, Christoffel K, Shoaib A, Venkatesan C, Cilli K, Schroeder JW, Alves C, Ganetzky RD, Fraser JL. Characteristic Fetal Brain MRI Abnormalities in Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency. medRxiv 2024:2024.04.08.24303574. [PMID: 38645225 PMCID: PMC11030481 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.08.24303574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency (PDCD) is a disorder of mitochondrial metabolism that is caused by pathogenic variants in multiple genes, including PDHA1. Typical neonatal brain imaging findings in PDCD have been described, with a focus on malformative features and chronic encephaloclastic changes. However, fetal brain MRI imaging in confirmed PDCD has not been comprehensively described. We sought to demonstrate the prenatal neurological and systemic manifestations of PDCD determined by comprehensive fetal imaging and genomic sequencing. All fetuses with a diagnosis of genetic PDCD who had undergone fetal MRI were included in the study. Medical records, imaging data, and genetic testing results were reviewed and reported descriptively. Ten patients with diagnosis of PDCD were included. Most patients had corpus callosum dysgenesis, abnormal gyration pattern, reduced brain volumes, and periventricular cystic lesions. One patient had associated intraventricular hemorrhages. One patient had a midbrain malformation with aqueductal stenosis and severe hydrocephalus. Fetuses imaged in the second trimester were found to have enlargement of the ganglionic eminences with cystic cavitations, while those imaged in the third trimester had germinolytic cysts. Fetuses with PDCD have similar brain MRI findings to neonates described in the literature, although some of these findings may be subtle early in pregnancy. Additional features, such as cystic cavitations of the ganglionic eminences, are noted in the second trimester in fetuses with PDCD, and these may represent a novel early diagnostic marker for PDCD. Using fetal MRI to identify these radiological hallmarks to inform prenatal diagnosis of PDCD may guide genetic counseling, pregnancy decision-making, and neonatal care planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Fortin
- Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20010
| | - Kelsey Christoffel
- Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20010
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20052
| | - Abdullah Shoaib
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA, 75235
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA, 75235
| | - Charu Venkatesan
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, 45221
| | - Kate Cilli
- Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20010
| | - Jason W. Schroeder
- Department of Radiology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20010
- Department of Radiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20052
| | - Cesar Alves
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 02115
| | - Rebecca D. Ganetzky
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 19104
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
| | - Jamie L. Fraser
- Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20010
- Rare Disease Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20010
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA, 20010
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Hassani S, Esmaeili A. The neuroprotective effects of ferulic acid in toxin-induced models of Parkinson's disease: A review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102299. [PMID: 38604452 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is predominantly caused by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the accumulation of alpha-synuclein protein. Though the general consensus is that several factors, such as aging, environmental factors, mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulations of neurotoxic alpha-synuclein, malfunctions of the lysosomal and proteasomal protein degradation systems, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, are involved in the neurodegeneration process of Parkinson's disease, the precise mechanism by which all of these factors are triggered remains unknown. Typically, neurotoxic compounds such as rotenone, 6-hydroxydopamine, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), 1-methyl 4-phenyl pyridinium (mpp+), paraquat, and maneb are used to Preclinical models of Parkinson's disease Ferulic acid is often referred to by its scientific name, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (C10H10O4), and is found naturally in cereals, fruits, vegetables, and bee products. This substance exhibits neuroprotective effects against Parkinson's disease because of its intriguing potential, which includes anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities. This review goes into additional detail about Parkinson's disease and the neuroprotective properties of ferulic acid that may help prevent the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Hassani
- Department of Plant and Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Esmaeili
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
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Saha D, Kothari S, Kulkarni SD, Thambiraja M, Yennamalli RM, Das DK. Genetic heterogeneity and respiratory chain enzyme analysis in pediatric Indian patients with mitochondrial disorder: Report of novel variants in POLG1 gene and their functional implication using molecular dynamic simulation. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101870. [PMID: 38471579 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes encoding the mitochondrial proteins and subunits. Polymerase Gamma (POLG) is a nuclear gene and mutation in the POLG gene are one of the major causes of inherited mitochondrial disorders. In this study, 15 pediatric patients, with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes were screened using blood samples (n = 15) and muscle samples (n = 4). Respiratory chain enzyme analysis in the muscle samples revealed multi-complex deficiencies with Complex I deficiency present in (1/4) patients, Complex II (2/4), Complex III (3/4) and Complex IV (2/4) patients. Multiple large deletions were observed in 4/15 patients using LR-PCR. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed a compound heterozygous mutation consisting of a POLG1 novel variant (NP_002684.1:p.Trp261X) and a missense variant (NP_002684.1:p. Leu304Arg) in one patient and another patient harboring a novel homozygous POLG1 variant (NP_002684.1:p. Phe750Val). These variants (NP_002684.1:p. Leu304Arg) and (NP_002684.1:p. Phe750Val) and their interactions with DNA were modelled using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. The protein conformation was analyzed as root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) which showed local fluctuations in the mutants compared to the wildtype. However, Solvent Accessible Surface Area (SASA) significantly increased for NP_002684.1:p.Leu304Arg and decreased in NP_002684.1:p.Phe750Val mutants. Further, Contact Order analysis indicated that the Aromatic-sulfur interactions were destabilizing in the mutants. Overall, these in-silico analysis has revealed a destabilizing mutations suggesting pathogenic variants in POLG1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debolina Saha
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Sonam Kothari
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
| | - Shilpa Duttaprasanna Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
| | - Menaka Thambiraja
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India
| | - Ragothaman M Yennamalli
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India.
| | - Dhanjit K Das
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India.
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Armirola-Ricaurte C, Zonnekein N, Koutsis G, Amor-Barris S, Pelayo-Negro AL, Atkinson D, Efthymiou S, Turchetti V, Dinopoulos A, Garcia A, Karakaya M, Moris G, Polat AI, Yiş U, Espinos C, Van de Vondel L, De Vriendt E, Karadima G, Wirth B, Hanna M, Houlden H, Berciano J, Jordanova A. Alternative splicing expands the clinical spectrum of NDUFS6-related mitochondrial disorders. Genet Med 2024; 26:101117. [PMID: 38459834 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2024.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe 3 families with Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy (CMT), harboring a homozygous NDUFS6 NM_004553.6:c.309+5G>A variant previously linked to fatal Leigh syndrome. We aimed to characterize clinically and molecularly the newly identified patients and understand the mechanism underlying their milder phenotype. METHODS The patients underwent extensive clinical examinations. Exome sequencing was done in 4 affected individuals. The functional effect of the c.309+5G>A variant was investigated in patient-derived EBV-transformed lymphoblasts at the complementary DNA, protein, and mitochondrial level. Alternative splicing was evaluated using complementary DNA long-read sequencing. RESULTS All patients presented with early-onset, slowly progressive axonal CMT, and nystagmus; some exhibited additional central nervous system symptoms. The c.309+5G>A substitution caused the expression of aberrantly spliced transcripts and negligible levels of the canonical transcript. Immunoblotting showed reduced levels of mutant isoforms. No detectable defects in mitochondrial complex stability or bioenergetics were found. CONCLUSION We expand the clinical spectrum of NDUFS6-related mitochondrial disorders to include axonal CMT, emphasizing the clinical and pathophysiologic overlap between these 2 clinical entities. This work demonstrates the critical role that alternative splicing may play in modulating the severity of a genetic disorder, emphasizing the need for careful consideration when interpreting splice variants and their implications on disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Armirola-Ricaurte
- Molecular Neurogenomics group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Molecular Neurogenomics group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Noortje Zonnekein
- Molecular Neurogenomics group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Molecular Neurogenomics group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Georgios Koutsis
- Neurogenetics Unit, 1st Department of Neurology, Eginitio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Silvia Amor-Barris
- Molecular Neurogenomics group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Molecular Neurogenomics group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ana Lara Pelayo-Negro
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (IFIMAV), University of Cantabria, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Santander, Spain
| | - Derek Atkinson
- Molecular Neurogenomics group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Molecular Neurogenomics group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Turchetti
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Argyris Dinopoulos
- 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Attiko Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonio Garcia
- Service of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Santander, Spain
| | - Mert Karakaya
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - German Moris
- Service of Neurology, University Hospital Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ayşe Ipek Polat
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Uluç Yiş
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Carmen Espinos
- Rare Neurodegenerative Disease Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), CIBER on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Liedewei Van de Vondel
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Els De Vriendt
- Molecular Neurogenomics group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Molecular Neurogenomics group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Georgia Karadima
- Neurogenetics Unit, 1st Department of Neurology, Eginitio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hanna
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jose Berciano
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (IFIMAV), University of Cantabria, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Santander, Spain
| | - Albena Jordanova
- Molecular Neurogenomics group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Molecular Neurogenomics group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Huang WL, Steenari MR, Barrick R, Simon MT, Chang R, Eftekharian SS, Stover A, Schwartz PH, Latini A, Abdenur JE. Leukoencephalopathy with Brain stem and Spinal cord involvement and Lactate elevation (LBSL): Report of a new family and a novel DARS2 mutation. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2024; 38:101025. [PMID: 38125072 PMCID: PMC10731372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.101025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background LBSL is a mitochondrial disorder caused by mutations in the mitochondrial aspartyl-tRNA synthetase gene DARS2, resulting in a distinctive pattern on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy. Clinical presentation varies from severe infantile to chronic, slowly progressive neuronal deterioration in adolescents or adults. Most individuals with LBSL are compound heterozygous for one splicing defect in an intron 2 mutational hotspot and a second defect that could be a missense, non-sense, or splice site mutation or deletion resulting in decreased expression of the full-length protein. Aim To present a new family with two affected members with LBSL and report a novel DARS2 mutation. Results An 8-year-old boy (Patient 1) was referred due to headaches and abnormal MRI, suggestive of LBSL. Genetic testing revealed a previously reported c.492 + 2 T > C mutation in the DARS2 gene. Sanger sequencing uncovered a novel variant c.228-17C > G in the intron 2 hotspot. Family studies found the same genetic changes in an asymptomatic 4-year-old younger brother (Patient 2), who was found on follow-up to have an abnormal MRI. mRNA extracted from patients' fibroblasts showed that the c.228-17C > G mutation caused skipping of exon 3 resulting in lower DARS2 mRNA level. Complete absence of DARS2 protein was also found in both patients. Summary We present a new family with two children affected with LBSL and describe a novel mutation in the DARS2 intron 2 hotspot. Despite findings of extensive white matter disease in the brain and spine, the proband in this family presented only with headaches, while the younger sibling, who also had extensive white matter changes, was asymptomatic. Our in-vitro results confirmed skipping of exon 3 in patients and family members carrying the intron 2 variant, which is consistent with previous reported mutations in intron 2 hotspots. DARS2 mRNA and protein levels were also reduced in both patients, further supporting the pathogenicity of the novel variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Huang
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Maija R. Steenari
- Division of Neurology, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Rebekah Barrick
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Mariella T. Simon
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Richard Chang
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
| | | | - Alexander Stover
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Philip H. Schwartz
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Alexandra Latini
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo – LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jose E. Abdenur
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
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Lin Y, Wang J, Ren H, Ma X, Wang W, Zhao Y, Xu Z, Liu S, Wang W, Xu X, Wang B, Zhao D, Wang D, Li W, Liu F, Zhao Y, Lu J, Yan C, Ji K. Mitochondrial myopathy without extraocular muscle involvement: a unique clinicopathologic profile. J Neurol 2024; 271:864-876. [PMID: 37847292 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitochondrial myopathy without extraocular muscles involvement (MiMy) represents a distinct form of mitochondrial disorder predominantly affecting proximal/distal or axial muscles, with its phenotypic, genotypic features, and long-term prognosis poorly understood. METHODS A cross-sectional study conducted at a national diagnostic center for mitochondrial disease involved 47 MiMy patients, from a cohort of 643 mitochondrial disease cases followed up at Qilu Hospital from January 1, 2000, to January 1, 2021. We compared the clinical, pathological, and genetic features of MiMy to progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) patients. RESULTS MiMy patients demonstrated a more pronounced muscle involvement syndrome, with lower 6MWT scores, higher FSS, and lower BMI compared to PEO and MELAS patients. Serum levels of creatinine kinase (CK), lactate, and growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) were substantially elevated in MiMy patients. Nearly a third (31.9%) displayed signs of subclinical peripheral neuropathy, mostly axonal neuropathy. Muscle biopsies revealed that cytochrome c oxidase strong (COX-s) ragged-red fibers (RRFs) were a typical pathological feature in MiMy patients. Genetic analysis predominantly revealed mtDNA point pathogenic variants (59.6%) and less frequently single (12.8%) or multiple (4.2%) mtDNA deletions. During the follow-up, a majority (76.1%) of MiMy patients experienced stabilization or improvement after therapeutic intervention. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive profile of MiMy through a large patient cohort, elucidating its unique clinical, genetic, and pathological features. These findings offer significant insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic management of MiMy, ultimately aiming to ameliorate patient outcomes and enhance the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotian Ma
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shuangwu Liu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xuebi Xu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jianqiang Lu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Neuropathology Section, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, China
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Kunqian Ji
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Li H, Liu X, Zhong H, Fang J, Li X, Shi R, Yu Q. Research progress on the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:372. [PMID: 37697295 PMCID: PMC10494348 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common and serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. There are many factors leading to diabetic retinopathy, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. At present, there are still no effective measures for the early treatment of diabetic retinopathy, and the treatment options available when diabetes progresses to advanced stages are very limited, and the treatment results are often unsatisfactory. Detailed studies on the molecular mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis and the development of new therapeutic agents are of great importance. This review describes the potential pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy for experimental studies and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiani Fang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Kong LY, Wu YZ, Cheng RQ, Wang PH, Peng BW. Role of Mutations of Mitochondrial Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases Genes on Epileptogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5482-5492. [PMID: 37316759 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the structures in cells that are responsible for producing energy. They contain a specific translation unit for synthesizing mitochondria-encoded respiratory chain components: the mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA). Recently, a growing number of syndromes associated with the dysfunction of mt DNA translation have been reported. However, the functions of these diseases still need to be precise and thus attract much attention. Mitochondrial tRNAs (mt tRNAs) are encoded by mt DNA; they are the primary cause of mitochondrial dysfunction and are associated with a wide range of pathologies. Previous research has shown the role of mt tRNAs in the epileptic mechanism. This review will focus on the function of mt tRNA and the role of mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (mt aaRS) in order to summarize some common relevant mutant genes of mt aaRS that cause epilepsy and the specific symptoms of the disease they cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yue Kong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Ze Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Run-Qi Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei-Han Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi-Wen Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Donghu Rd185#, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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Hass RM, Whitwell JL, Coon EA, Josephs KA, Ali F. Mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic-acidosis and stroke-like episodes syndrome presenting as progressive supranuclear palsy. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 113:105516. [PMID: 37451107 PMCID: PMC10804397 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reece M Hass
- Mayo Clinic Rochester, Department of Neurology, United States.
| | | | | | - Keith A Josephs
- Mayo Clinic Rochester, Department of Neurology, United States
| | - Farwa Ali
- Mayo Clinic Rochester, Department of Neurology, United States
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10
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Liu M, Ji W, Zhao X, Liu X, Hu JF, Cui J. Therapeutic potential of engineering the mitochondrial genome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166804. [PMID: 37429560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a group of clinical disorders caused by mutations in the genes encoded by either the nuclear or the mitochondrial genome involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Disorders become evident when mitochondrial dysfunction reaches a cell-specific threshold. Similarly, the severity of disorders is related to the degree of gene mutation. Clinical treatments for mitochondrial diseases mainly rely on symptomatic management. Theoretically, replacing or repairing dysfunctional mitochondria to acquire and preserve normal physiological functions should be effective. Significant advances have been made in gene therapies, including mitochondrial replacement therapy, mitochondrial genome manipulation, nuclease programming, mitochondrial DNA editing, and mitochondrial RNA interference. In this paper, we review the recent progress in these technologies by focusing on advancements that overcome limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Xiaoliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Ji-Fan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China; Stanford University Medical School, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.
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11
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Eliyan Y, Rezania K, Gomez CM, Seibert K. Pontine stroke in a patient with Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia (CPEO): a case report. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:231. [PMID: 37316776 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) is a mitochondrial disease with slowly progressive bilateral ptosis and symmetric ophthalmoplegia due to a genetic mutation that results in defective oxidative phosphorylation. Common genes that are implicated in CPEO include POLG, RRM2B, ANT1 and PEO1/TWNK. Here, we report a case of a patient diagnosed with CPEO caused by a novel mutation in PEO/TWNK after suffering a right pontine stroke. CASE PRESENTATION A 70-year-old man with history of chronic progressive bilateral ptosis and ophthalmoplegia, as well as similar ocular symptoms in his father and grandfather, presented with acute onset of right hemifacial weakness and dysarthria. Brain MRI revealed an acute ischemic stroke in the right dorsal pons. The patient did not experience diplopia due to severe baseline ophthalmoplegia. Creatine kinase was elevated to 6,080 U/L upon admission and normalized over the course of one week; electromyography revealed a myopathic process. Genetic testing revealed a novel mutation c.1510G > A (p. Ala504Thr) in a pathogenic "hot spot" of the C10ORF2 gene (TWNK/PEO1), which is associated with CPEO. The mutation appears to be deleterious using several pathogenicity prediction tools. CONCLUSIONS This case report describes a patient with late-onset CPEO caused by a novel, likely pathogenic, mutation in the TWNK gene. Although the patient presented with a pontine stroke, it manifested with solely new onset facial palsy, as he had a severe underlying ophthalmoplegia secondary to his CPEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Eliyan
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kourosh Rezania
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher M Gomez
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kaitlin Seibert
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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12
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Haque S, Crawley K, Shrestha R, Schofield D, Sue CM. Healthcare resource utilization of patients with mitochondrial disease in an outpatient hospital setting. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:129. [PMID: 37246228 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Mitochondrial diseases present as multi-system disorders requiring a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach. The data on healthcare resource utilization associated with mitochondrial diseases and the clinical drivers of these costs are limited including for the out-patient setting where the majority of the clinical care for mitochondrial disease patients occurs. We performed a cross-sectional retrospective study of out-patient healthcare resource utilization and costs for patients with a confirmed diagnosis of mitochondrial disease. METHODS We recruited participants from the Mitochondrial Disease Clinic in Sydney and stratified them into three groups: those with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations (Group 1), those with nuclear DNA (nDNA) mutations and the predominant phenotype of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) or optic atrophy (Group 2) and those without a confirmed genetic diagnosis but clinical criteria and muscle biopsy findings supportive of a diagnosis of mitochondrial disease (Group 3). Data was collected through retrospective chart review and out-patient costs were calculated using the Medicare Benefits Schedule. RESULTS We analyzed the data from 91 participants and found that Group 1 had the greatest average out-patient costs per person per annum ($838.02; SD 809.72). Neurological investigations were the largest driver of outpatient healthcare costs in all groups (average costs per person per annum:-Group 1: $364.11; SD 340.93, Group 2: $247.83; SD 113.86 and Group 3: $239.57; SD 145.69) consistent with the high frequency (94.5%) of neurological symptoms. Gastroenterological and cardiac-related out-patient costs were also major contributors to out-patient healthcare resource utilization in Groups 1 and 3. In Group 2, ophthalmology was the second-most resource intensive specialty ($136.85; SD 173.35). The Group 3 had the greatest average healthcare resource utilization per person over the entire duration of out-patient clinic care ($5815.86; SD 3520.40) most likely due to the lack of a molecular diagnosis and a less customized management approach. CONCLUSION The drivers of healthcare resource utilization are dependent on the phenotype-genotype characteristics. Neurological, cardiac, and gastroenterological costs were the top three drivers in the out-patient clinics unless the patient had nDNA mutations with predominant phenotype of CPEO and/or optic atrophy wherein ophthalmological-related costs were the second most resource intensive driver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameen Haque
- Nepean Hospital, Derby Street, Kingswood, NSW, 2747, Australia.
- The Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.
| | - Karen Crawley
- The Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Rupendra Shrestha
- Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine (GenIMPACT), Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Eastern Rd, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Deborah Schofield
- Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine (GenIMPACT), Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Eastern Rd, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- The Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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13
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Menon D, Holla VV, Pal PK. POLG mutation setting off 'FIRES'. Seizure 2023; 104:41-42. [PMID: 35965220 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Menon
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka 560 029, India.
| | - Vikram V Holla
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka 560 029, India
| | - Pramod K Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka 560 029, India
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14
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Khan ZR, Karam A, Ul Haq MA, Aman A, Karam AS. Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy in a Pakistani female: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:363. [PMID: 36192783 PMCID: PMC9528126 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy is a rare multisystem autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the TYMP gene, that encodes for thymidine phosphorylase. Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy is a progressive degenerative disease characterized by a distinctive tetrad of gastrointestinal dysmotility, peripheral neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia with ptosis, and asymptomatic leukoencephalopathy. It provides a diagnostic dilemma to physicians in regions like Pakistan because of a lack of genetic study availability and associated financial constraints of the population. However, with careful examination and a few basic investigations, mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy can be diagnosed by ruling out most of the close differentials. Case presentation We report the case of a 23-year-old Asian female whose chief complaints were epigastric pain, bilious emesis, weight loss for 3 months, and bilateral lower limb weakness for 20 days. All clinical signs and symptoms along with relevant investigations including nerve conduction studies, electromyography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were highly suggestive of mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy syndrome. Because of financial constraints, genetic studies could not be performed. The patient was managed with a multidisciplinary approach involving gastroenterology, physiotherapy, and nutrition departments. Currently, therapeutic options for the disease include allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and carrier erythrocyte entrapped thymidine phosphorylase; however, these could not be provided to the patient owing to certain limitations. Conclusions As misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis are quite common in this disease, the prime objective of this case report is to increase the basic understanding of this disease, especially its signs and symptoms, and address the limitations regarding the diagnostic investigations and management of patients with mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aleena Aman
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
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15
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Smol T, Brunelle P, Caumes R, Boute-Benejean O, Thuillier C, Figeac M, Ait-Yahya E, Bonte F, Mau-Them FT, Thauvin-Robinet C, Faivre L, Roche-Lestienne C, Manouvrier-Hanu S, Petit F, Ghoumid J. TRIT1 deficiency: Two novel patients with four novel variants. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104603. [PMID: 36049610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
TRIT1 encodes a tRNA isopentenyl transferase that allows a strong interaction between the mini helix and the codon. Recent reports support the TRIT1 bi-allelic alterations as the cause of an autosomal recessive disorder, named combined oxydative phophorylation deficiency 35, with microcephaly, developmental disability, and epilepsy. The phenotype is due to decreased mitochondrial function, with deficit of i6A37 in cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNA. Only 10 patients have been reported. We report on two new patients with four novel variants, and confirm the published clinical TRIT1 deficient phenotype stressing the possibility of both very severe, with generalized pharmaco-resistant seizures, and mild phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Smol
- Univ Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, F-59000, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Institut de Génaffnoétique Médicale, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Perrine Brunelle
- Univ Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, F-59000, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Institut de Génaffnoétique Médicale, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Roseline Caumes
- CHU Lille, Clinique de Génétique « Guy Fontaine », F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Odile Boute-Benejean
- Univ Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, F-59000, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Génétique « Guy Fontaine », F-59000, Lille, France
| | | | - Martin Figeac
- Université de Lille, Functional and Structural Plaform, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Emilie Ait-Yahya
- Université de Lille, Functional and Structural Plaform, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Bonte
- Université de Lille, Functional and Structural Plaform, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Frederic Tran Mau-Them
- CHU Dijon, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement, F-21000, Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, F-21000, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle 6254 d'Innovation en diagnostique génomique des Maladies Rares, CHU, Dijon, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- CHU Dijon, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement, F-21000, Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, F-21000, Dijon, France; Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, CHU, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- CHU Dijon, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement, F-21000, Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, F-21000, Dijon, France; Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU, Dijon, France
| | | | - Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu
- Univ Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, F-59000, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Génétique « Guy Fontaine », F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Florence Petit
- Univ Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, F-59000, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Génétique « Guy Fontaine », F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jamal Ghoumid
- Univ Lille, ULR7364 RADEME, F-59000, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Génétique « Guy Fontaine », F-59000, Lille, France.
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16
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Montano V, Lopriore P, Gruosso F, Carelli V, Comi GP, Filosto M, Lamperti C, Mongini T, Musumeci O, Servidei S, Tonin P, Toscano A, Primiano G, Valentino ML, Bortolani S, Marchet S, Ricci G, Modenese A, Cotti Piccinelli S, Risi B, Meneri M, Arena IG, Siciliano G, Mancuso M. Primary mitochondrial myopathy: 12-month follow-up results of an Italian cohort. J Neurol 2022. [PMID: 35980466 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess natural history and 12-month change of a series of scales and functional outcome measures in a cohort of 117 patients with primary mitochondrial myopathy (PMM). METHODS Twelve months follow-up data of 117 patients with PMM were collected. We analysed the 6-min walk test (6MWT), timed up-and-go test (× 3) (3TUG), five-times sit-to-stand test (5XSST), timed water swallow test (TWST), and test of masticating and swallowing solids (TOMASS) as functional outcome measures; the Fatigue Severity Scale and West Haven-Yale Multidimensional pain inventory as patient-reported outcome measures. PMM patients were divided into three phenotypic categories: mitochondrial myopathy (MiMy) without extraocular muscles involvement, pure chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) and PEO&MiMy. As 6MWT is recognized to have significant test-retest variability, we calculated MCID (minimal clinically important difference) as one third of baseline 6 min walking distance (6MWD) standard deviation. RESULTS At 12-month follow-up, 3TUG, 5XSST and FSS were stable, while TWST and the perceived pain severity (WHYMPI) worsened. 6MWD significantly increased in the entire cohort, especially in the higher percentiles and in PEO patients, while was substantially stable in the lower percentile (< 408 m) and MiMy patients. This increase in 6MWD was considered not significant, as inferior to MCID (33.3 m). NMDAS total score showed a slight but significant decline at 12 months (0.9 point). The perceived pain severity significantly worsened. Patients with PEO performed better in functional measures than patients with PEO&MiMy or MiMy, and had lower values of NMDAS. CONCLUSIONS PMM patients showed a slow global decline valued by NMDAS at 12 months; 6MWT was a more reliable measurement below 408 m, substantially stable at 12 months. PEO patients had better motor performance and lower NMDAS than PEO&MiMy and MiMy also at 12 months of follow-up.
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17
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Emmanuele V, Ganesh J, Vladutiu G, Haas R, Kerr D, Saneto RP, Cohen BH, Van Hove JLK, Scaglia F, Hoppel C, Rosales XQ, Barca E, Buchsbaum R, Thompson JL, DiMauro S, Hirano M. Time to harmonize mitochondrial syndrome nomenclature and classification: A consensus from the North American Mitochondrial Disease Consortium (NAMDC). Mol Genet Metab 2022; 136:125-131. [PMID: 35606253 PMCID: PMC9341219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To harmonize terminology in mitochondrial medicine, we propose revised clinical criteria for primary mitochondrial syndromes. METHODS The North American Mitochondrial Disease Consortium (NAMDC) established a Diagnostic Criteria Committee comprised of members with diverse expertise. It included clinicians, researchers, diagnostic laboratory directors, statisticians, and data managers. The Committee conducted a comprehensive literature review, an evaluation of current clinical practices and diagnostic modalities, surveys, and teleconferences to reach consensus on syndrome definitions for mitochondrial diseases. The criteria were refined after manual application to patients enrolled in the NAMDC Registry. RESULTS By building upon published diagnostic criteria and integrating recent advances, NAMDC has generated updated consensus criteria for the clinical definition of classical mitochondrial syndromes. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial diseases are clinically, biochemically, and genetically heterogeneous and therefore challenging to classify and diagnose. To harmonize terminology, we propose revised criteria for the clinical definition of mitochondrial disorders. These criteria are expected to standardize the diagnosis and categorization of mitochondrial diseases, which will facilitate future natural history studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Emmanuele
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jaya Ganesh
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Georgirene Vladutiu
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology, and Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Richard Haas
- Departments of Neurosciences and Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Douglas Kerr
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Russell P Saneto
- Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Seattle Children's Hospital/University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruce H Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron and Northeast Ohio Medical University, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Joint BCM-CUHK Center of Medical Genetics, Prince of Wales Hospital, ShaTin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Charles Hoppel
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Xiomara Q Rosales
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emanuele Barca
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Buchsbaum
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - John L Thompson
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Salvatore DiMauro
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michio Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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18
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Zhan F, Liu X, Ni R, Liu T, Cao Y, Wu J, Tian W, Luan X, Cao L. Novel IBA57 mutations in two chinese patients and literature review of multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndrome. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:311-317. [PMID: 34709542 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndrome (MMDS) refers to a class of mitochondrial diseases caused by nuclear gene mutations, which usually begins in early infancy and is classically characterized by markedly impaired neurological development, generalized muscle weakness, lactic acidosis, and hyperglycinemia, cavitating leukoencephalopathy, respiratory failure, as well as early fatality resulted from dysfunction of energy metabolism in multiple systems. So far, six types of MMDS have been identified based on different genotypes, which are caused by mutations in NFU1, BOLA3, IBA57, ISCA2, ISCA1 and PMPCB, respectively. IBA57 encodes a protein involved in the mitochondrial Fe/S cluster assembly process, which plays a vital role in the activity of multiple mitochondrial enzymes. Herein, detailed clinical investigation of 2 Chinese patients from two unrelated families were described, both of them showed mildly delay in developmental milestone before disease onset, the initial symptoms were all presented with acute motor and mental retrogression, and brain MRI showed diffused leukoencephalopathy with cavities, dysplasia of corpus callosum and cerebral atrophy. Exome sequencing revealed three IBA57 variants, one shared variant (c.286T>C) has been previously reported, the remaining two (c.189delC and c.580 A>G) are novel. To enhance the understanding of this rare disease, we further made a literature review about the current progress in clinical, genetic and treatment of the disorder. Due to the rapid progress of MMDS, early awareness is crucial to prompt and proper administration, as well as genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixia Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, 201406, China
| | - Ruilong Ni
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, China
| | - Yuwen Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jingying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wotu Tian
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xinghua Luan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Yıldırım M, Bektaş Ö, Tunçez E, Yeniay Süt N, Sayar Y, Öncül Ü, Teber S. A Case of Combined Oxidative Phosphorylation Deficiency 35 Associated with a Novel Missense Variant of the TRIT1 Gene. Mol Syndromol 2022; 13:139-145. [PMID: 35418828 PMCID: PMC8928209 DOI: 10.1159/000518373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 35 (COXPD35) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the tRNA isopentenyltransferase (TRIT1) gene in chromosome 1p34.2. To date, only 10 types of allelic variants in the TRIT1 gene have been previously reported in 9 patients with COXPD35. Herein, we describe a case with a novel homozygous missense variant in TRIT1. A 6-year, 6-month-old boy presented with global developmental delay, microcephaly, intractable seizures, and failure to thrive. The other main clinical manifestations were intellectual disability, spastic tetraparesis, truncal hypotonia, malnutrition, polyuria and polydipsia, ketotic hypoglycemia, dysmorphic facial features, strabismus, bicuspid aortic valve, and nephrolithiasis. The detailed biochemical, radiological, and metabolic evaluations were unremarkable. Chromosomal analysis confirmed a normal male 46,XY karyotype and the array comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed no abnormalities. We identified a novel homozygous missense variant of c.246G>C (p.Met82Ile) in the TRIT1 gene, and the variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The present case is the first report describing strabismus, ketotic hypoglycemia, nephrolithiasis, and bicuspid aortic valve in TRIT1-related COXPD35. This study expands the genotype-phenotype spectrum of TRIT1-related COXPD35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miraç Yıldırım
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ömer Bektaş
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Tunçez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurşah Yeniay Süt
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Sayar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ümmühan Öncül
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serap Teber
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Su TH, Lee NC, Wu CS, Peng SSF, Fan PC. Episodic weakness and axonal sensorimotor neuropathy caused by a mitochondrial MT-ATP6 mutation. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:2345-2350. [PMID: 34953645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Episodic weakness is typically associated with a group of disorders so called periodic paralyses. Their major causes are mutation of ion channels, and have rarely been linked to mitochondrial disorders. We report a 20-year-old man with episodic weakness and axonal sensorimotor neuropathy since the age of 10 years. Analysis of the next generation sequencing data of the entire mitochondrial genome extracted from the blood revealed a homoplasmic m.9185T > C variant in MT-ATP6. Acetazolamide may be responsive for episodic weakness, and supplements with l-carnitine with coenzyme-Q10 seem to be beneficial as well. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in Taiwan which reveals episodic weakness and sensorimotor polyneuropathy as a unique phenotype of MT-ATP6 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Su
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ni-Chung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Szu Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Pi-Chuan Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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21
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Meshrkey F, Cabrera Ayuso A, Rao RR, Iyer S. Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial morphologies in human induced pluripotent stem cells for Leigh syndrome. Stem Cell Res 2021; 57:102572. [PMID: 34662843 PMCID: PMC10332439 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with wide range of morphologies contributing to regulating different signaling pathways and several cellular functions. Leigh syndrome (LS) is a classic pediatric mitochondrial disorder characterized by complex and variable clinical pathologies, and primarily affects the nervous system during early development. It is important to understand the differences between mitochondrial morphologies in healthy and diseased states so that focused therapies can target the disease during its early stages. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of mitochondrial dynamics in five patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) containing different mutations associated with LS. Our results suggest that subtle alterations in mitochondrial morphologies are specific to the mtDNA variant. Three out of the five LS-hiPSCs exhibited characteristics consistent with fused mitochondria. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study that quantifies mitochondrial dynamics in hiPSCs specific to mitochondrial disorders. In addition, we observed an overall decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in all five LS-hiPSCs. A more thorough analysis of the correlations between mitochondrial dynamics, membrane potential dysfunction caused by mutations in the mtDNA in hiPSCs and differentiated derivatives will aid in identifying unique morphological signatures of various mitochondrial disorders during early stages of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fibi Meshrkey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Ana Cabrera Ayuso
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Raj R Rao
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Shilpa Iyer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
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22
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Sheng W, Lv D, Cui ZK, Wang YN, Lin B, Tang SB, Chen JS. Tissue-Specific Gamma-Flicker Light Noninvasively Ameliorates Retinal Aging. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2893-2907. [PMID: 34698960 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a risk factor for multiple retinal degeneration diseases. Entraining brain gamma oscillations with gamma-flicker light (γFL) has been confirmed to coordinate pathological changes in several Alzheimer's disease mouse models and aged mice. However, the direct effect of γFL on retinal aging remains unknown. We assessed retinal senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (β-gal) and autofluorescence in 20-month-old mice and found reduced β-gal-positive cells in the inner retina and diminished lipofuscin accumulation around retinal vessels after 6 days of γFL. In immunofluorescence, γFL was further demonstrated to ameliorate aging-related retinal changes, including a decline in microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta expression, an increase in complement C3 activity, and an imbalance between the anti-oxidant factor catalase and pro-oxidant factor carboxymethyl lysine. Moreover, we found that γFL can increase the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in the inner retina, while revealing a decrease of ATF4 expression in the inner retina and positive expression in the outer segment of photoreceptor and RPE layer for aged mice. Western blotting was then used to confirm the immunofluorescence results. After mRNA sequencing (NCBI Sequence Read Archive database: PRJNA748184), we found several main mechanistic clues, including mitochondrial function and chaperone-mediated protein folding. Furthermore, we extended γFL to aged Apoe-/- mice and showed that 1-m γFL treatment even improved the structures of retinal-pigment-epithelium basal infolding and Bruch's membrane. Overall, γFL can orchestrate various pathological characteristics of retinal aging in mice and might be a noninvasive, convenient, and tissue-specific therapeutic strategy for retinal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Sheng
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Da Lv
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ze-Kai Cui
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi-Ni Wang
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Shi-Bo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jian-Su Chen
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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23
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Schur GM, Dunn J, Nguyen S, Dedio A, Wade K, Tamaroff J, Mitta N, Wilson N, Reddy R, Lynch DR, McCormack SE. In vivo assessment of OXPHOS capacity using 3 T CrCEST MRI in Friedreich's ataxia. J Neurol 2021; 269:2527-2538. [PMID: 34652504 PMCID: PMC9010488 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by decreased expression of frataxin, a protein involved in many cellular metabolic processes, including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Our objective was to assess skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism in vivo in adults with FRDA as compared to adults without FRDA using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CrCEST) MRI, which measures free creatine (Cr) over time following an in-magnet plantar flexion exercise. METHODS Participants included adults with FRDA (n = 11) and healthy adults (n = 25). All underwent 3-Tesla CrCEST MRI of the calf before and after in-scanner plantar flexion exercise. Participants also underwent whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans to measure body composition and completed questionnaires to assess physical activity. RESULTS We found prolonged post-exercise exponential decline in CrCEST (τCr) in the lateral gastrocnemius (LG, 274 s vs. 138 s, p = 0.01) in adults with FRDA (vs. healthy adults), likely reflecting decreased OXPHOS capacity. Adults with FRDA (vs. healthy adults) also engaged different muscle groups during exercise, as indicated by muscle group-specific changes in creatine with exercise (∆CrCEST), possibly reflecting decreased coordination. Across all participants, increased adiposity and decreased usual physical activity were associated with smaller ∆CrCEST. CONCLUSION In FRDA, CrCEST MRI may be a useful biomarker of muscle-group-specific decline in OXPHOS capacity that can be leveraged to track within-participant changes over time. Appropriate participant selection and further optimization of the exercise stimulus will enhance the utility of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Maria Schur
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Medical Scientist Training Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, 550 First Avenue, MSB 228, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Julia Dunn
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sara Nguyen
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anna Dedio
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kristin Wade
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jaclyn Tamaroff
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nithya Mitta
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Neil Wilson
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David R Lynch
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shana E McCormack
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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24
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Kuthethur R, Prasad K, Chakrabarty S, Kabekkodu SP, Singh KK, Thangaraj K, Satyamoorthy K. Advances in mitochondrial medicine and translational research. Mitochondrion 2021; 61:62-68. [PMID: 34363984 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Current knowledge of mitochondrial biology and function has provided tools and technologies that helped a better understanding of the molecular etiology of complex mitochondrial disorders. Dual genetic control of this subcellular organelle function regulates various signaling mechanisms which are essential for metabolism, bioenergetics, fatty acid biosynthesis, and DNA replication & repair. Understanding nuclear mitochondrial crosstalk through advanced genomics as well as clinical perspectives is the overall basis of mitochondrial research and medicine, also the sole objective of Society for Mitochondrial Medicine and Research (SMRM) - India. The eighth virtual international conference on 'Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine and Translational Research' was organized at the Manipal School of Life Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, India, during 6 - 7 November 2020. The aim of the virtual conference was to highlight the recent advances and future perspectives that represent comprehensive clinical and fundamental research interests in the area of mitochondrial biology of human diseases. To systematically present the various findings in mitochondrial biology, the meeting was themed with specific aspects comprising (a) mitochondrial disorders: clinical & genomic perspectives, (b) mitochondria in cancer, (c) mitochondrial metabolism & disorders, and (d) mitochondrial diseases & therapy. This report provides an overview of the recent advancements in the area of mitochondrial biology and medicine that was discussed at the conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviprasad Kuthethur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keshava Prasad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Kaul Genetics Building, Rm. 620, 720 20th St. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
| | - Kumarasamy Thangaraj
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India; Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500 039, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
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25
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Luo Q, Wen X, Zhou J, Chen Y, Lv Z, Shen X, Liu J. A novel compound heterozygous mutation of the MTO1 gene associated with complex oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 10. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:172-177. [PMID: 34547275 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitochondrial tRNA translation optimization 1 (MTO1) gene, which is closely related to defective mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, is an evolutionarily conserved protein expressed in high energy-demanding tissues and is associated with complex oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 10 (COXPD10) in humans. Related cases and studies are still scarce and have not been reported in the Chinese region. MATERIALS AND METHODS Detailed clinical assessment was applied to the patient. Based on next-generation sequencing technology, we performed whole-exome sequencing of the patient and the parents. Sanger sequencing was used for validation. Bioinformatics software and protein simulations were used to predict the pathogenicity of the variants. RESULTS The patient was diagnosed with a possible association with mitochondrial disease according to the clinical manifestations and physical examination. A novel frameshift mutation c.344delA (p. Asn115Thrfs*11) and a novel point mutation c.1055C > T (p. Thr352Met) in the MTO1 gene were identified. They were found to cause abnormal changes in amino acids and the protein by biochemical tools, indicating it may be pathogenic. CONCLUSION We present two novel and possibly pathogenic variants in the MTO1 gene in a Chinese Han family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xia Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jiahong Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zhiyu Lv
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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26
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Thebault S, Gibbs E, Bourque P, McKim D, Rakhra K, Breiner A, Frykman H, Warman-Chardon J. MuSK not MNGIE: Atypical MuSK-antibody myasthenia presenting as a genetic disorder. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:1279-1281. [PMID: 34690051 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis is a treatable autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies directed against membrane proteins at the neuromuscular junction. While acetylcholine receptor antibodies are most common, a minority of patients have antibodies directed against muscle-specific kinase (MuSK-antibody). Differentiating features often include subacute onset and rapid progression of bulbar, respiratory and neck extensor muscles, with sparing of distal appendicular muscles, most commonly in middle-aged females. Here we present an atypical presentation of MuSK-antibody myasthenic syndrome in a young male consisting of a gradual-onset, insidiously-progressive, non-fatigable and non-fluctuating ocular, bulbar and oesophageal weakness, with a normal frontalis single fibre EMG. This case clinically resembled a mitochondrial myopathy (Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy-MNGIE) with a poor prognosis. Because of the atypical presentation, MuSK antibodies were identified very late in the disease course, at which point the patient responded very well to immunotherapy. We report an unusual presentation of an uncommon but treatable condition, illustrating significant phenotypic heterogeneity possible in MuSK-antibody myasthenic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Thebault
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Centre for Neuromuscular Disease and University of Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Ebrima Gibbs
- The University of British Columbia Neuroimmunology lab, Canada
| | - Pierre Bourque
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Centre for Neuromuscular Disease and University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Doug McKim
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Centre for Neuromuscular Disease and University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kawan Rakhra
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ari Breiner
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Centre for Neuromuscular Disease and University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Hans Frykman
- The University of British Columbia Neuroimmunology lab, Canada
| | - Jodi Warman-Chardon
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Centre for Neuromuscular Disease and University of Ottawa, Canada; Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute.
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27
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Lundquist AA, Farholt S, Børresen ML, Dunø M, Wibrand F, Witting N, Østergaard E. A novel homoplasmic mt-tRNA Glu m.14701C>T variant presenting with a partially reversible infantile respiratory chain deficiency. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104306. [PMID: 34400372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reversible infantile respiratory chain deficiency (RIRCD) is a rare mitochondrial disorder associated with variable penetrance and partial to full remission of symptoms. OBJECTIVE To describe features of maternally related individuals with a novel variant associated with RIRCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine maternally related individuals aged 23 months to 64 years are described through physical examinations, muscle biopsies, histochemical and biochemical analyses, genome sequencing, and cerebral imaging. RESULTS A homoplasmic mitochondrial transfer ribonucleic acid for glutamic acid (mt-tRNAGlu) m.14701C>T variant was identified in eight tested individuals out of nine maternally related individuals. Two individuals presented with hypotonia, muscle weakness, feeding difficulties and lactic acidosis at age 3-4 months, and improvement around age 15-23 months with mild residual symptoms at last examination. One individual with less severe symptoms had unknown age at onset and improved around age 4-5 years. Five individuals developed lipoma on the upper back, and one adult individual developed ataxia, while one was unaffected. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a novel homoplasmic mt-tRNAGlu m.14701C>T variant presenting with phenotypic and paraclinical features associated with RIRCD as well as ataxia and lipomas, which to our knowledge are new features associated to RIRCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberte A Lundquist
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stense Farholt
- Centre for Rare Diseases, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Rare Diseases, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Malene L Børresen
- Centre for Rare Diseases, Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Dunø
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Wibrand
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Witting
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elsebet Østergaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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28
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Kuthethur R, Prasad K, Chakrabarty S, Prasada Kabekkodu S, Singh KK, Thangaraj K, Satyamoorthy K. Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine and Translational Research. Mitochondrion 2021:S1567-7249(21)00102-1. [PMID: 34363984 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Current knowledge of mitochondrial biology and function has provided with tools and technologies that helped a better understanding of the molecular etiology of complex mitochondrial disorders. Dual genetic control of this subcellular organelle function regulates various signaling mechanisms which are essential for metabolism, bioenergetics, fatty acid biosynthesis, and DNA replication & repair. Understanding nuclear mitochondrial crosstalk through advanced genomics as well as clinical perspectives is the overall basis of mitochondrial research and medicine, also the sole objective of Society for Mitochondrial Medicine and Research (SMRM) - India. The eighth virtual international conference on 'Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine and Translational Research' was organized at the Manipal School of Life Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, India, during 6 - 7 November 2020. The aim of the virtual conference was to highlight the recent advances and future perspectives that represent comprehensive clinical and fundamental research interests in the area of mitochondrial biology of human diseases. To systematically present the various findings in mitochondrial biology, the meeting was themed with specific aspects comprising (a) mitochondrial disorders: clinical & genomic perspectives, (b) mitochondria in cancer, (c) mitochondrial metabolism & disorders, and (d) mitochondrial diseases & therapy. This report provides an overview of the recent advancements in the area of mitochondrial biology and medicine that was discussed at the conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviprasad Kuthethur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keshava Prasad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Kaul Genetics Building, Rm. 620, 720 20th St. South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kumarasamy Thangaraj
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India; Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad, 500 039, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
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Montano V, Orsucci D, Carelli V, La Morgia C, Valentino ML, Lamperti C, Marchet S, Musumeci O, Toscano A, Primiano G, Santorelli FM, Ticci C, Filosto M, Rubegni A, Mongini T, Tonin P, Servidei S, Ceravolo R, Siciliano G, Mancuso M. Adult-onset mitochondrial movement disorders: a national picture from the Italian Network. J Neurol 2021; 269:1413-1421. [PMID: 34259909 PMCID: PMC8857085 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10697-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Both prevalence and clinical features of the various movement disorders in adults with primary mitochondrial diseases are unknown. Methods Based on the database of the “Nation-wide Italian Collaborative Network of Mitochondrial Diseases”, we reviewed the clinical, genetic, neuroimaging and neurophysiological data of adult patients with primary mitochondrial diseases (n = 764) where ataxia, myoclonus or other movement disorders were part of the clinical phenotype. Results Ataxia, myoclonus and movement disorders were present in 105/764 adults (13.7%), with the onset coinciding or preceding the diagnosis of the mitochondrial disease in 49/105 (46.7%). Ataxia and parkinsonism were the most represented, with an overall prevalence at last follow-up of 59.1% and 30.5%, respectively. Hyperkinetic movement disorders were reported in 15.3% at last follow-up, being the less common reported movement disorders. The pathogenic m.8344A > G and POLG variants were always associated with a movement disorder, while LHON variants and mtDNA single deletions were more commonly found in the subjects who did not present a movement disorder. The most common neuroimaging features were cortical and/or cerebellar atrophy, white matter hyperintensities, basal ganglia abnormalities and nigro-striatal degeneration. Almost 70% of patients with parkinsonism responded to dopaminergic therapy, mainly levodopa, and 50% with myoclonus were successfully treated with levetiracetam. Conclusion Movement disorders, mainly ataxia and parkinsonism, are important findings in adult primary mitochondrial diseases. This study underlies the importance of looking for a mitochondrial etiology in the diagnostic flowchart of a movement disorder and may help direct genetic screening in daily practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00415-021-10697-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Montano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Orsucci
- Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Lucca, Italy
| | - V Carelli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C La Morgia
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - M L Valentino
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Lamperti
- UO Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - S Marchet
- UO Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - O Musumeci
- Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - A Toscano
- Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G Primiano
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - F M Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Ticci
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Filosto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia and NeMO-Brescia Clinical Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Rubegni
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - T Mongini
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - P Tonin
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Servidei
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - R Ceravolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Mancuso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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30
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Jiao Y, Kuang S, Yang S, Han X. Evidence of motor axon or motor neuron damage in a Chinese patient with compound heterozygous MSTO1 variants. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 121:795-7. [PMID: 33222031 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-020-01544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Zink A, Lisowski P, Prigione A. Generation of Human iPSC-derived Neural Progenitor Cells (NPCs) as Drug Discovery Model for Neurological and Mitochondrial Disorders. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e3939. [PMID: 33796613 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The high attrition rate in drug development processes calls for additional human-based model systems. However, in the context of brain disorders, sampling live neuronal cells for compound testing is not applicable. The use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has revolutionized the field of neuronal disease modeling and drug discovery. Thanks to the development of iPSC-based neuronal differentiation protocols, including tridimensional cerebral organoids, it is now possible to molecularly dissect human neuronal development and human brain disease pathogenesis in a dish. These approaches may allow dissecting patient-specific treatment efficacy in a disease-relevant cellular context. For drug discovery approaches, however, a highly reproducible and cost-effective cell model is desirable. Here, we describe a step-by-step process for generating robust and expandable neural progenitor cells (NPCs) from human iPSCs. NPCs generated with this protocol are homogeneous and highly proliferative. These features make NPCs suitable for the development of high-throughput compound screenings for drug discovery. Human iPSC-derived NPCs show a metabolism dependent on mitochondrial activity and can therefore be used also to investigate neurological disorders in which mitochondrial function is affected. The protocol covers all steps necessary for the preparation, culture, and characterization of human iPSC-derived NPCs. Graphic abstract: Schematic of the protocol for the generation of human iPSC-derived NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Zink
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Lisowski
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alessandro Prigione
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
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32
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Yeung RO, Al Jundi M, Gubbi S, Bompu ME, Sirrs S, Tarnopolsky M, Hannah-Shmouni F. Management of mitochondrial diabetes in the era of novel therapies. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:107584. [PMID: 32331977 PMCID: PMC7554068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders refer to the complex group of conditions affecting energy metabolism. A number of mitochondrial disorders can lead to the development of diabetes mellitus, and mitochondrial diabetes is thought to account for up to 3% of all diabetes mellitus cases. Depending on the degree of preservation of beta cell secretory capacity and peripheral muscle insulin sensitivity, the phenotype of mitochondrial diabetes may resemble that of type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Additionally, mitochondrial diabetes may rarely present with diabetic ketoacidosis, and can be distinguished from other forms of monogenic diabetes including maturity onset diabetes of the young by the presence of multi-organ involvement, particularly pre-senile sensorineural hearing loss, maternal transmission, and later-onset diagnosis, typically affecting adults over 35 years. Various guidelines on diabetes care do not address this important subset of cases, and this diagnosis is easily missed. Additionally, there is paucity of data on tailored diabetes therapies for mitochondrial diabetes, particularly in the era of novel therapies including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors. Here, we report three patients with mitochondrial diabetes who responded well to the addition of these novel agents and propose a new treatment algorithm for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseanne O Yeung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Mohammad Al Jundi
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics (SEGEN), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sriram Gubbi
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria E Bompu
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Aghia Sofia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Sandra Sirrs
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mark Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fady Hannah-Shmouni
- Section on Endocrinology & Genetics (SEGEN), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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33
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Montano V, Gruosso F, Simoncini C, Siciliano G, Mancuso M. Clinical features of mtDNA-related syndromes in adulthood. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 697:108689. [PMID: 33227288 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are the most common inheritable metabolic diseases, due to defects in oxidative phosphorylation. They are caused by mutations of nuclear or mitochondrial DNA in genes involved in mitochondrial function. The peculiarity of "mitochondrial DNA genetics rules" in part explains the marked phenotypic variability, the complexity of genotype-phenotype correlations and the challenge of genetic counseling. The new massive genetic sequencing technologies have changed the diagnostic approach, enhancing mitochondrial DNA-related syndromes diagnosis and often avoiding the need of a tissue biopsy. Here we present the most common phenotypes associated with a mitochondrial DNA mutation with the recent advances in diagnosis and in therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Montano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - F Gruosso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - C Simoncini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - G Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - M Mancuso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Italy.
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34
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Abstract
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE) is a rare autosomal recessive condition. Deficiency of thymidine phosphorylase disrupts the nucleoside pool, with progressive secondary mitochondrial DNA damage. MNGIE is clinically diagnosable because of a distinctive tetrad of gastrointestinal dysmotility, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, demyelinating neuropathy and asymptomatic leucoencephalopathy. The diagnosis may be confirmed genetically or biochemically. Misdiagnosis is frequent, but early and accurate recognition allows the possibility of novel transplant therapies capable of rectifying the biochemical defects. Its management remains difficult in the face of progressive disability and the risks of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Hammans
- Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Department of Neurology, St Richards Hospital, Chichester, West Sussex, UK
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35
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Sharma H, Singh D, Mahant A, Sohal SK, Kesavan AK, Samiksha. Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy: A review. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04643. [PMID: 32984570 PMCID: PMC7492815 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) is a new form of reproductive invitro fertilization (IVF) which works on the principle of replacing a women's abnormal mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) with the donor's healthy one. MRT include different techniques like spindles transfer (ST), pronuclear transfer (PNT) or polar body transfer (PBT). Transmission of defective mitochondrial DNA to the next generation can also be prevented by using these approaches. The development of healthy baby free from genetic disorders and to terminate the lethal mitochondrial disorders are the chief motive of this technique. In aged individuals, through in vitro fertilization, MRT provides the substitution of defective cytoplasm with cured one to enhance the expectation of pregnancy rates. However, moral, social, and cultural objections have restricted its exploration. Therefore, this review summarizes the various methods involved in MRT, its global status, its exaggerated censure over the years which depicts a strong emphasis for social acceptance and clinical application in the world of medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitika Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Khalsa College Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Drishtant Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | | | - Satwinder Kaur Sohal
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Anup Kumar Kesavan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Samiksha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
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36
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Di Nottia M, Marchese M, Verrigni D, Mutti CD, Torraco A, Oliva R, Fernandez-Vizarra E, Morani F, Trani G, Rizza T, Ghezzi D, Ardissone A, Nesti C, Vasco G, Zeviani M, Minczuk M, Bertini E, Santorelli FM, Carrozzo R. A homozygous MRPL24 mutation causes a complex movement disorder and affects the mitoribosome assembly. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 141:104880. [PMID: 32344152 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein large 24 (MRPL24) is 1 of the 82 protein components of mitochondrial ribosomes, playing an essential role in the mitochondrial translation process. We report here on a baby girl with cerebellar atrophy, choreoathetosis of limbs and face, intellectual disability and a combined defect of complexes I and IV in muscle biopsy, caused by a homozygous missense mutation identified in MRPL24. The variant predicts a Leu91Pro substitution at an evolutionarily conserved site. Using human mutant cells and the zebrafish model, we demonstrated the pathological role of the identified variant. In fact, in fibroblasts we observed a significant reduction of MRPL24 protein and of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I and IV subunits, as well a markedly reduced synthesis of the mtDNA-encoded peptides. In zebrafish we demonstrated that the orthologue gene is expressed in metabolically active tissues, and that gene knockdown induced locomotion impairment, structural defects and low ATP production. The motor phenotype was complemented by human WT but not mutant cRNA. Moreover, sucrose density gradient fractionation showed perturbed assembly of large subunit mitoribosomal proteins, suggesting that the mutation leads to a conformational change in MRPL24, which is expected to cause an aberrant interaction of the protein with other components of the 39S mitoribosomal subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Di Nottia
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Marchese
- Molecular Medicine & Neurogenetics, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Verrigni
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Torraco
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Oliva
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University Parthenope of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Federica Morani
- Molecular Medicine & Neurogenetics, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Trani
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Rizza
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Ardissone
- Child Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine DIMET, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Nesti
- Molecular Medicine & Neurogenetics, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gessica Vasco
- Department of Neurosciences, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michal Minczuk
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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37
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du Mee DJM, Bak M, Østergaard E, Rasmussen LJ. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by variation in the non-coding genome - A proposed workflow to improve diagnostics. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:255-259. [PMID: 32497723 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are one of the most common inherited metabolic disorders and are caused by variants in nuclear genes or the mitochondrial genome. Additionally, there is a large group of patients displaying clinical symptoms, where the genetic background is unknown. Mitochondrial disorders have a huge variety in their clinical presentation, making diagnostics challenging. Genomes of higher organisms contain around 95% non-protein-coding DNA. Recently, non-protein-coding sequences have been shown to affect gene expression in many cellular processes, including mitochondrial functioning. As these insights are not frequently incorporated in diagnostics we propose a workflow utilizing this knowledge for faster diagnostics of patients lacking a molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorine Jeanne Mariëtte du Mee
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mads Bak
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elsebet Østergaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Juel Rasmussen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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38
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Paramasivam A, Meena AK, Venkatapathi C, Pitceathly RDS, Thangaraj K. Novel Biallelic NSUN3 Variants Cause Early-Onset Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy and Seizures. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1962-1965. [PMID: 32488845 PMCID: PMC7658056 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epitranscriptomic systems enable post-transcriptional modifications of cellular RNA that are essential for regulating gene expression. Of the ~ 170 known RNA chemical modifications, methylation is among the most common. Loss of function mutations in NSUN3, encoding the 5-methylcytosine (m5C) methyltransferase NSun3, have been linked to multisystem mitochondrial disease associated with combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency. Here, we report a patient with early-onset mitochondrial encephalomyopathy and seizures in whom the novel biallelic NSUN3 missense variants c.421G>C (p.A141P) and c.454T>A (p.C152S) were detected. Segregation studies and in silico functional analysis confirmed the likely pathogenic effects of both variants. These findings expand the molecular and phenotypic spectrum of NSUN3-related mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Paramasivam
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.,BRULAC-DRC, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Angamuthu K Meena
- Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Robert D S Pitceathly
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
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39
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Felhi R, Charif M, Sfaihi L, Mkaouar-Rebai E, Desquiret-Dumas V, Kallel R, Bris C, Goudenège D, Guichet A, Bonneau D, Procaccio V, Reynier P, Amati-Bonneau P, Hachicha M, Fakhfakh F, Lenaers G. Mutations in aARS genes revealed by targeted next-generation sequencing in patients with mitochondrial diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3779-3787. [PMID: 32319008 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a clinically heterogeneous group of multisystemic disorders that arise as a result of various mitochondrial dysfunctions. Autosomal recessive aARS deficiencies represent a rapidly growing group of severe rare inherited mitochondrial diseases, involving multiple organs, and currently without curative option. They might be related to defects of mitochondrial aminoacyl t-RNA synthetases (mtARS) that are ubiquitous enzymes involved in mitochondrial aminoacylation and the translation process. Here, using NGS analysis of 281 nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, we identified 4 variants in different mtARS in three patients from unrelated Tunisian families, with clinical features of mitochondrial disorders. Two homozygous variants were found in KARS (c.683C>T) and AARS2 (c.1150-4C>G), respectively in two patients, while two heterozygous variants in EARS2 (c.486-7C>G) and DARS2 (c.1456C>T) were concomitantly found in the third patient. Bio-informatics investigations predicted their pathogenicity and deleterious effects on pre-mRNA splicing and on protein stability. Thus, our results suggest that mtARS mutations are common in Tunisian patients with mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Felhi
- Molecular and Functional Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route Soukra, Km 3, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Majida Charif
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Genetics and Immuno-Cell Therapy Team, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Lamia Sfaihi
- Departments of Pediatry, University Hospital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Emna Mkaouar-Rebai
- Molecular and Functional Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route Soukra, Km 3, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Valerie Desquiret-Dumas
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Rim Kallel
- Departments of Pathology, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Céline Bris
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - David Goudenège
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Agnès Guichet
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Patrizia Amati-Bonneau
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Mongia Hachicha
- Departments of Pediatry, University Hospital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Molecular and Functional Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route Soukra, Km 3, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Guy Lenaers
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France
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40
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van den Ameele J, Fuge J, Pitceathly RDS, Berry S, McIntyre Z, Hanna MG, Lee M, Chinnery PF. Chronic pain is common in mitochondrial disease. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:413-419. [PMID: 32334903 PMCID: PMC7306151 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is common in patients with mitochondrial disease. Pain due to mitochondrial disease is primarily of neuropathic nature. Distribution, intensity and type of pain are genetically determined.
In the absence of cure, the main objectives in the management of patients with mitochondrial disease are symptom control and prevention of complications. While pain is a complicating symptom in many chronic diseases and is known to have a clear impact on quality of life, its prevalence and severity in people with mitochondrial disease is unknown. We conducted a survey of pain symptoms in patients with genetically confirmed mitochondrial disease from two UK mitochondrial disease specialist centres. The majority (66.7%) of patients had chronic pain which was primarily of neuropathic nature. Presence of pain did not significantly impact overall quality of life. The m.3243A>G MTTL1 mutation was associated with higher pain severity and increased the likelihood of neuropathic pain compared to other causative nuclear and mitochondrial gene mutations. Although previously not considered a core symptom in people with mitochondrial disease, pain is a common clinical manifestation, frequently of neuropathic nature, and influenced by genotype. Therefore, pain-related symptoms should be carefully characterised and actively managed in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle van den Ameele
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; WT/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.
| | - Joshua Fuge
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Robert D S Pitceathly
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sarah Berry
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Zoe McIntyre
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Michael G Hanna
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Michael Lee
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
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41
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Reddy JM, Jose J, Prakash A, Devi S. Pearson syndrome: a rare inborn error of metabolism with bone marrow morphology providing a clue to diagnosis. Sudan J Paediatr 2020; 19:161-164. [PMID: 31969746 DOI: 10.24911/sjp.106-1534158413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pearson syndrome is a rare disorder of mitochondrial metabolism presenting in infancy with transfusion dependent refractory anaemia and multisystem involvement. We report a case of a 3-month-old infant presenting with anaemia requiring multiple transfusions. The presence of lactic acidosis, hyperglycaemia and cytoplasmic vacuoles in erythroid precursors on bone marrow aspiration study helped to suspect the diagnosis. However, the baby succumbed to metabolic crisis before he could be offered definitive therapy. This case report aims to emphasise the typical bone marrow aspiration finding which serves as a useful marker for establishing the diagnosis of this rare disorder, which is mostly fatal without bone marrow transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi Muni Reddy
- Department of Paediatrics, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Joe Jose
- Department of Paediatrics, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Paediatrics, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Shanthala Devi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
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42
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Chen HL, Yamada K, Sakai K, Lu CH, Chen MH, Lin WC. Alteration of brain temperature and systemic inflammation in Parkinson's disease. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:1267-1276. [PMID: 31925613 PMCID: PMC7196953 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Parkinson’s disease (PD) is known to be related to various factors, including neuroinflammation, increased oxidative stress, and brain temperature alteration. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between these factors using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) thermometry and blood tests of systemic inflammation. Methods From July 2012 to Jun 2017, 103 patients with PD (44 men and 59 women; mean age, 60.43 ± 9.12 years) and 106 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers (48 men and 58 women; mean age, 58.16 ± 8.45 years) retrospectively underwent magnetic resonance DWI thermometry to estimate brain intraventricular temperature (Tv). Subjects were divided into three subgroups in light of their ages. The tested inflammatory markers included plasma nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA, apoptotic leukocytes, and serum adhesion molecules. The correlations among the Tv values, clinical severity, and systemic inflammatory markers were then calculated. Results The PD patients did not show a natural trend of decline in Tv with age. Comparisons among the different age groups revealed that the younger PD subjects had significantly lower Tv values than the younger controls, but the older subjects had no significant group differences. Overall, the PD patients exhibited lower Tv values than the controls, as well as increased oxidative stress. The brain temperature showed positive correlations with inflammatory markers, including plasma nuclear DNA and L-selectin levels, in all the subjects. Conclusions Possible pathophysiological correlations between systemic inflammation and brain temperature were indicated by the results of this study, a finding which may aid us in investigating the underlying pathogenesis of PD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10072-019-04217-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd. Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung City, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Kei Yamada
- Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Koji Sakai
- Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Lu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd. Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung City, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Meng-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd. Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung City, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Wei-Che Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd. Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung City, 83301 Taiwan Republic of China
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Karimzadeh P, Keramatipour M, Karamzade A, Pourbakhtyaran E. Succinate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A Treatable Neurometabolic Disorder. Iran J Child Neurol 2020; 14:111-116. [PMID: 33193791 PMCID: PMC7660022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder that causes brain insult, neurodevelopmental delay, exercise intolerance, and cardiomyopathy. A 25-month-old boy was referred to our neurometabolic center due to developmental regression after injecting the influenza vaccine when he was 10 months old. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed high signal changes in the brain white matter, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) detected a high succinate peak at 2.4 parts per million (ppm). The evaluation of urine organic acids showed a significant elevated succinic acid and whole exome sequencing, confirming SDH. Treatment with a mitochondrial cocktail was initiated, and remarkable improvement was observed. SDH deficiency as a treatable neurometabolic disorder should be considered in any patients with developmental disorders, accompanied by hyperintensity in white matter (as similar to leukodystrophia). Further evaluation is recommended since outcomes depend on early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Mofid Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Keramatipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Karamzade
- PhD candidate, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Pourbakhtyaran
- Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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44
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Protasoni M, Bruno C, Donati MA, Mohamoud K, Severino M, Allegri A, Robinson AJ, Reyes A, Zeviani M, Garone C. Novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in nucleotide-binding protein like protein (NUBPL) cause leukoencephalopathy with multi-systemic involvement. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:26-34. [PMID: 31787496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
NUBPL (Nucleotide-binding protein like) protein encodes a member of the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family, deemed to be involved in mammalian complex I (CI) assembly process. Exome sequencing of a patient presenting with infantile-onset hepatopathy, renal tubular acidosis, developmental delay, short stature, leukoencephalopathy with minimal cerebellar involvement and multiple OXPHOS deficiencies revealed the presence of two novel pathogenic compound heterozygous variants in NUBPL (p.Phe242Leu/p.Leu104Pro). We investigated patient's and control immortalised fibroblasts and demonstrated that both the peripheral and the membrane arms of complex I are undetectable in mutant NUBPL cells, resulting in virtually absent CI holocomplex and loss of enzyme activity. In addition, complex III stability was moderately affected as well. Lentiviral-mediated expression of the wild-type NUBPL cDNA rescued both CI and CIII assembly defects, confirming the pathogenicity of the variants. In conclusion, this is the first report describing a complex multisystemic disorder due to NUBPL defect. In addition, we confirmed the role of NUBPL in Complex I assembly associated with secondary effect on Complex III stability and we demonstrated a defect of mtDNA-related translation which suggests a potential additional role of NUBPL in mtDNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Protasoni
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudio Bruno
- Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Alice Donati
- Metabolic Unit, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, viale Pieraccini 24, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Khadra Mohamoud
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Mariasavina Severino
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Allegri
- Pediatric Clinic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alan J Robinson
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Aurelio Reyes
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK.
| | - Caterina Garone
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, CB20XY Cambridge, UK; Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata, Università di Bologna, via Massarenti, 11, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
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Fragaki K, Chaussenot A, Serre V, Acquaviva C, Bannwarth S, Rouzier C, Chabrol B, Paquis-Flucklinger V. A novel variant m.8561C>T in the overlapping region of MT-ATP6 and MT-ATP8 in a child with early-onset severe neurological signs. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2019; 21:100543. [PMID: 31788426 PMCID: PMC6879992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2019.100543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Among mitochondrial diseases, isolated complex V (CV) deficiency represents a rare cause of respiratory chain (RC) dysfunction. In mammalian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), MT-ATP6 partly overlaps with MT-ATP8 making double mutations possible, yet extremely rarely reported principally in patients with cardiomyopathy. Here, we report a novel m.8561 C>T substitution in the overlapping region of MT-ATP6 and MT-ATP8 in a child with early-onset ataxia, psychomotor delay and microcephaly, enlarging the clinical manifestations spectrum associated with CV deficiency.
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Key Words
- ADP, adenosine triphosphate
- ATP synthase
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- Ataxia
- BN-PAGE, Blue Native-PolyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
- CV, complex V
- MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging
- Microcephaly
- Mitochondrial disorders
- NARP, Neuropathy, Ataxia, Retinitis Pigmentosa
- NGS, Next-generation sequencing
- OXPHOS, oxidative phosphorylation
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PVDF, PolyVinyliDene Fluoride
- Psychomotor delay
- RC, respiratory chain
- RFLP, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
- WT, wild-type
- mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valerie Serre
- UMR7592 CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Diderot, Nice, France
| | - Cecile Acquaviva
- Department of Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Neonatal Screening, Center of Biology and Pathology Est CHU, Lyon Bron, France
| | | | - Cecile Rouzier
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Inserm, CNRS, IRCAN, France
| | - Brigitte Chabrol
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Timone Hospital, CHU, Marseille, France
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Rossi-Espagnet MC, Lucignani M, Pasquini L, Napolitano A, Pro S, Romano A, Diodato D, Martinelli D, Longo D. Visual pathways evaluation in Kearns Sayre syndrome: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Neuroradiology 2020; 62:241-9. [PMID: 31680196 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-019-02302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Kearns Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a mitochondrial disorder characterized by development of visual impairment. Electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potentials are not able to provide topographical information of optic damage. The purpose of this study was to explore retrochiasmatic optic pathway alteration in KSS with diffusion tractographic analysis and to compare it with different tracts. METHODS DTI from 8 KSS subjects (14.7 years) and 10 healthy controls (HC) were acquired on a 3T scanner. Optic radiations (OR), optic tracts (OT), inferior frontooccipital fasciculus (IFOF) and corticospinal tract (CST) were reconstructed with probabilistic tractography. Fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), radial (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) were calculated, evaluating group differences. T test on diffusion parameters identified significantly different track portions among cohorts. RESULTS All patients had optic pathway alterations at electrophysiological examination. Significant lower FA were found in OT, IFOF, and CST of KSS group. RD was significantly higher in bilateral OR, IFOF, CST, and right OT, while ADC was higher in bilateral OR and CST. RD values were higher in the proximal and distal portion of OR bilaterally and in the distal portion of right OT, while widespread differences were found in IFOF and CST. No significant differences were found for AD. FA profiles analysis demonstrated significant differences between groups in several regions of OT, IFOF, and CST, while ADC assessment revealed spread differences in OR and CST. CONCLUSIONS DTI evaluation of retrochiasmatic tracks may represent a useful tool to topographically investigate retrochiasmatic visual impairment in KSS.
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Mahjoub G, Habibzadeh P, Dastsooz H, Mirzaei M, Kavosi A, Jamali L, Javanmardi H, Katibeh P, Faghihi MA, Dastgheib SA. Clinical and molecular characterization of three patients with Hepatocerebral form of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome: a case series. BMC Med Genet 2019; 20:167. [PMID: 31664948 PMCID: PMC6819644 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes (MDS) are clinically and phenotypically heterogeneous disorders resulting from nuclear gene mutations. The affected individuals represent a notable reduction in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, which leads to malfunction of the components of the respiratory chain. MDS is classified according to the type of affected tissue; the most common type is hepatocerebral form, which is attributed to mutations in nuclear genes such as DGUOK and MPV17. These two genes encode mitochondrial proteins and play major roles in mtDNA synthesis. Case presentation In this investigation patients in three families affected by hepatocerebral form of MDS who were initially diagnosed with tyrosinemia underwent full clinical evaluation. Furthermore, the causative mutations were identified using next generation sequencing and were subsequently validated using sanger sequencing. The effect of the mutations on the gene expression was also studied using real-time PCR. A pathogenic heterozygous frameshift deletion mutation in DGUOK gene was identified in parents of two affected patients (c.706–707 + 2 del: p.k236 fs) presenting with jaundice, impaired fetal growth, low-birth weight, and failure to thrive who died at the age of 3 and 6 months in family I. Moreover, a novel splice site mutation in MPV17 gene (c.461 + 1G > C) was identified in a patient with jaundice, muscle weakness, and failure to thrive who died due to hepatic failure at the age of 4 months. A 5-month-old infant presenting with jaundice, dark urine, poor sucking, and feeding problems was also identified to have another novel mutation in MPV17 gene leading to stop gain mutation (c.277C > T: p.(Gln93*)). Conclusions These patients had overlapping clinical features with tyrosinemia. MDS should be considered a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with signs and symptoms of tyrosinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazale Mahjoub
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parham Habibzadeh
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Dastsooz
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Malihe Mirzaei
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arghavan Kavosi
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Laila Jamali
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Javanmardi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pegah Katibeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faghihi
- Persian BayanGene Research and Training Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Seyed Alireza Dastgheib
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Kwong S, Meyerson C, Zheng W, Kassardjian A, Stanzione N, Zhang K, Wang HL. Acute hepatitis and acute liver failure: Pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Semin Diagn Pathol 2019; 36:404-414. [PMID: 31405537 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute hepatitis and acute liver failure are severe medical conditions that require early clinical intervention. Histopathologic findings on a liver biopsy or a liver explant may help identify the underlying etiology or provide an important direction for further clinical, laboratory and radiographical investigation. This review is divided into two main portions. The first portion concentrates on various etiologies and discusses unique histologic features that can be associated with specific etiologies. The second portion describes the general morphologic features based on which the diagnosis of acute hepatitis and acute liver failure are made. Histopathologic distinction between collapse and cirrhosis and limitations of histopathologic assessment for underlying etiologies are addressed in this portion. Another focus of this review is non-necrotic acute liver failure, which typically features diffuse microvesicular steatosis secondary to various etiologies causing mitochondrial dysfunction. Molecular testing serves an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and management of this group of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Kwong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
| | - Cherise Meyerson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Ari Kassardjian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Nicholas Stanzione
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Kuixing Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Hanlin L Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Metabolic disorders encompass a group of inherited inborn errors of metabolism that are uncommonly encountered but can pose challenges when encountered during the perioperative period. Hence, it is paramount that anesthesiologists are experienced and familiar with management of these conditions. Recent Findings Hundreds of inborn errors of metabolism have already been identified, yet new metabolic disorders continue to be discovered with advancements in genomic science. Summary In our general review, we define the more common metabolic disorders encountered in perioperative medicine and discuss the perioperative anesthetic considerations and challenges associated with each disorder. The following disorders are covered in our review: disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, disorders of amino acid metabolism, disorders of branched-chain amino acid metabolism, organic acidemias, mitochondrial disorders, lysosomal storage disorders, metal metabolism disorders, and urea cycle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Yeoh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Howard Teng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jacob Jackson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lee Hingula
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Takeshi Irie
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aron Legler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Corrine Levine
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iris Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Casey Chai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luis Tollinche
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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50
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Souza PVS, Bortholin T, Teixeira CAC, Seneor DD, Marin VDGB, Dias RB, Farias IB, Badia BML, Silva LHL, Pinto WBVR, Oliveira ASB, DiMauro S. Leigh syndrome caused by mitochondrial DNA-maintenance defects revealed by whole exome sequencing. Mitochondrion 2019; 49:25-34. [PMID: 31271879 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome represents a complex inherited neurometabolic and neurodegenerative disorder associated with different clinical, genetic and neuroimaging findings in the context of bilateral symmetrical lesions involving the brainstem and basal ganglia. Heterogeneous neurological manifestations such as spasticity, cerebellar ataxia, dystonia, choreoathetosis and parkinsonism are associated with multisystemic and ophthalmological abnormalities due to >75 different monogenic causes. Here, we describe the clinical and genetic features of a Brazilian cohort of patients with Leigh Syndrome in which muscle biopsy analysis showed mitochondrial DNA defects and determine the utility of whole exome sequencing for a final genetic diagnostic in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V S Souza
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Bortholin
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Castro Teixeira
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Delgado Seneor
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Dias Gomes Barrios Marin
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan Braido Dias
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor Braga Farias
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - B M L Badia
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Libardi Silva
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - W B V R Pinto
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Acary Souza Bulle Oliveira
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Salvatore DiMauro
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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