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Lee JH, Kim HJ, Ahn DU, Paik HD. Improved immune-enhancing activity of egg white protein ovotransferrin after enzyme hydrolysis. J Anim Sci Technol 2021; 63:1159-1168. [PMID: 34796354 PMCID: PMC8564309 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ovotransferrin (OTF), an egg protein known as transferrin family protein, possess strong antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. This is because OTF has two iron binding sites, so it has a strong metal chelating ability. The present study aimed to evaluate the improved immune-enhancing activities of OTF hydrolysates produced using bromelain, pancreatin, and papain. The effects of OTF hydrolysates on the production and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophages were confirmed. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was evaluated using Griess reagent and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). And the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α and interleukin [IL]-6) and the phagocytic activity of macrophages were evaluated using an ELISA assay and neutral red uptake assay, respectively. All OTF hydrolysates enhanced NO production by increasing iNOS mRNA expression. Treating RAW 264.7 macrophages with OTF hydrolysates increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the phagocytic activity. The production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by OTF hydrolysates was inhibited by the addition of specific mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors. In conclusion, results indicated that all OTF hydrolysates activated RAW 264.7 macrophages by activating MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hoon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hyeon Joong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Dong Uk Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Xiao Z, Song S, Chen D, van Merkerk R, van der Wouden PE, Cool RH, Quax WJ, Poelarends GJ, Melgert BN, Dekker FJ. Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) for Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Has Anti-Proliferative Activity in Lung Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17514-17521. [PMID: 34018657 PMCID: PMC8362126 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is involved in protein-protein interactions that play key roles in inflammation and cancer. Current strategies to develop small molecule modulators of MIF functions are mainly restricted to the MIF tautomerase active site. Here, we use this site to develop proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) in order to eliminate MIF from its protein-protein interaction network. We report the first potent MIF-directed PROTAC, denoted MD13, which induced almost complete MIF degradation at low micromolar concentrations with a DC50 around 100 nM in A549 cells. MD13 suppresses the proliferation of A549 cells, which can be explained by deactivation of the MAPK pathway and subsequent induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. MD13 also exhibits antiproliferative effect in a 3D tumor spheroid model. In conclusion, we describe the first MIF-directed PROTAC (MD13) as a research tool, which also demonstrates the potential of PROTACs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangping Xiao
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Shanshan Song
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
- Molecular PharmacologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Deng Chen
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Petra E. van der Wouden
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Robbert H. Cool
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wim J. Quax
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Barbro N. Melgert
- Molecular PharmacologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
- University Medical Center GroningenGroningen Research Institute of Asthma and COPDUniversity of GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Dekker
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
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Ding Y, Wang C, Li X, Jiang Y, Mei P, Huang W, Song G, Wang J, Ping G, Hu R, Miao C, He X, Chen G, Li H, Zhu Y, Zhang Z. Novel clinicopathological and molecular characterization of metanephric adenoma: a study of 28 cases. Diagn Pathol 2018; 13:54. [PMID: 30111351 PMCID: PMC6094885 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-018-0732-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metanephric adenoma is a rare, benign renal neoplasm with occasional misdiagnosis. However, its molecular characterization is not fully understood. Methods In this study, we use the hybrid capture-based Next-Generation Sequencing to sequence a panel of 295 well-established oncogene or tumor suppressor genes in 28 cases of MA patients in China. Novel clinicopathological markers associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in metanephric adenoma were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results It was found that except for BRAF (22/28) mutations (c.1799 T > A, p.V600E), NF1 (6/28), NOTCH1 (5/28), SPEN (5/28), AKT2 (4/28), APC (4/28), ATRX (3/28), and ETV4 (3/28) mutations could also be detected. Meanwhile, a novel and rare gene fusion of STARD9-BRAF, CUX1-BRAF, and LOC100507389-BRAF was detected in one MA patient. In addition, although MEK phosphorylation was normally activated, the phosphorylation level of ERK was low in metanephric adenoma cases. Highly expressed p16 and DUSP6 may have contributed to these results, which maintained MA as a benign renal tumor. Conclusions This study provides novel molecular and pathological markers for metanephric adenoma, which could improve its diagnosis and increase the understanding of its pathologic mechanism. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13000-018-0732-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xuejie Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Unversity, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yangyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Ping Mei
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Wenbin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Guoxin Song
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Guoqiang Ping
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ran Hu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chen Miao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Watanabe S, Uchida K, Nakajima H, Matsuo H, Sugita D, Yoshida A, Honjoh K, Johnson WEB, Baba H. Early transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells after spinal cord injury relieves pain hypersensitivity through suppression of pain-related signaling cascades and reduced inflammatory cell recruitment. Stem Cells 2016; 33:1902-14. [PMID: 25809552 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) modulate inflammatory/immune responses and promote motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the effects of BMSC transplantation on central neuropathic pain and neuronal hyperexcitability after SCI remain elusive. This is of importance because BMSC-based therapies have been proposed for clinical treatment. We investigated the effects of BMSC transplantation on pain hypersensitivity in green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive bone marrow-chimeric mice subjected to a contusion SCI, and the mechanisms of such effects. BMSC transplantation at day 3 post-SCI improved motor function and relieved SCI-induced hypersensitivities to mechanical and thermal stimulation. The pain improvements were mediated by suppression of protein kinase C-γ and phosphocyclic AMP response element binding protein expression in dorsal horn neurons. BMSC transplants significantly reduced levels of p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK1/2) in both hematogenous macrophages and resident microglia and significantly reduced the infiltration of CD11b and GFP double-positive hematogenous macrophages without decreasing the CD11b-positive and GFP-negative activated spinal-microglia population. BMSC transplants prevented hematogenous macrophages recruitment by restoration of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB), which was associated with decreased levels of (a) inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6); (b) mediators of early secondary vascular pathogenesis (matrix metallopeptidase 9); (c) macrophage recruiting factors (CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL10), but increased levels of a microglial stimulating factor (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor). These findings support the use of BMSC transplants for SCI treatment. Furthermore, they suggest that BMSC reduce neuropathic pain through a variety of related mechanisms that include neuronal sparing and restoration of the disturbed BSCB, mediated through modulation of the activity of spinal-resident microglia and the activity and recruitment of hematogenous macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kenzo Uchida
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsuo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sugita
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Ai Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuya Honjoh
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
| | - William E B Johnson
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hisatoshi Baba
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan
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