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Richard MA, Elliott S, Hummel SL, Woolnough DA, Rzodkiewicz LD, Gill SP, Rappold J, Annis ML. Reduced Freshwater Mussel Juvenile Production as a Result of Agricultural and Urban Contaminant Mixture Exposures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024. [PMID: 38517160 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Freshwater mussels provide invaluable ecological services but are threatened by habitat alteration, poor water quality, invasive species, climate change, and contaminants, including contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). Contaminants of emerging concerns are well documented in aquatic environments, including the Great Lakes Basin, but limited information is available on how environmentally relevant mixtures affect freshwater mussel biology throughout their varied life stages. Our main goal was to assess mussels' reproductive output in response to exposure to agricultural and urban CEC mixtures during glochidial development through juvenile transformation and excystment focusing on how exposure duration and treatment affect: (1) the number of glochidia prematurely released by brooding females, (2) glochidial transformation through host-fish excystment, and (3) the number of fully metamorphosed juveniles able to continue the lifecycle. Mussels and host fish were exposed to either a control water (CW), control ethanol (CE), agriculture CEC mixture (AM), or urban CEC mixture (UM) for 40 and 100 days. We found no effect from treatment or exposure duration on the number of glochidia prematurely released. Fewer partially and fully metamorphosed AM juveniles were observed during the 100-day exposure, compared with the 40-day. During the 40-day exposure, CW produced more fully metamorphosed individuals compared with CE and UM, but during the 100-day exposure AM produced more fully metamorphosed individuals compared with the CW. There was reduction in fully metamorphosed juveniles compared with partially metamorphosed for CE and UM during the 40-day exposure, as well as in the CW during the 100-day exposure. These results will be important for understanding how mussel populations are affected by CEC exposure. The experiments also yielded many insights for laboratory toxicology exposure studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-14. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Richard
- Upper Midwest Water Science Center, US Geological Survey, Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sarah Elliott
- Upper Midwest Water Science Center, US Geological Survey, Mounds View, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephanie L Hummel
- Midwest Regional Office, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Bloomington, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daelyn A Woolnough
- Department of Biology and Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Lacey D Rzodkiewicz
- Department of Biology and Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephanie P Gill
- Department of Biology and Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Justin Rappold
- Department of Biology and Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Mandy L Annis
- Michigan Ecological Services Field Office, US Fish & Wildlife Service, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Svatos E, Strasburg M, Boone MD. Investigating the Effects of Pesticides on Ramshorn Snails (Planorbella [Helisoma] trivolvis) Infected with Echinostoma spp. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:2755-2763. [PMID: 34161619 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, parasite-induced diseases in humans and wildlife are on the rise, and pesticide pollution may be a contributing factor. Echinostoma spp. trematode parasites are prominent in North America, and they use ramshorn snails (Planorbella [Helisoma] trivolvis) as intermediate hosts. We investigated the impact of chronic exposure to 1 of 5 pesticide treatments (control, or 50 μg/L of atrazine, glyphosate, carbaryl, or malathion) on uninfected and Echinostoma-infected snails for 41 d in the laboratory. We recorded snail mortality, the number of egg masses laid, change in mass, and behavior. Chronic exposure to atrazine, carbaryl, and malathion significantly decreased snail survival, whereas parasite infection status or exposure to glyphosate did not. Pesticide and parasite treatments did not influence growth or behavior, but parasite infection caused complete reproductive failure in snail hosts. Our results indicated that the direct effects of pesticides could threaten snail populations in natural environments and disrupt host-parasite dynamics. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2755-2763. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Svatos
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
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Khan B, Adeleye AS, Burgess RM, Smolowitz R, Russo SM, Ho KT. A 72-h exposure study with eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and the nanomaterial graphene oxide. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019; 38:820-830. [PMID: 30667076 PMCID: PMC6580423 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a 2-dimensional nanomaterial with unique mechanical, thermal, electrical, and optical properties. With increasing applications of graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) in electronics, biomedicine, and surface coatings, concern for their impacts on aquatic ecosystems is rising. Current information on the toxicity of GFNs, including graphene oxide, is scarce. Filter-feeding bivalves, such as eastern oysters, are good models for nanomaterial exposure studies. We present results from a 72-h static renewal oyster study using 1 and 10 mg/L graphene oxide, which, to our knowledge, is the first report on in vivo effects of graphene oxide exposures in marine bivalves. Water samples were analyzed for graphene oxide concentration and size assessments. Gill and digestive gland tissues were evaluated for lipid peroxidation and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. In addition, gill sections were fixed for histopathological analyses. Elevated lipid peroxidation was noted in oysters exposed to 10 mg/L graphene oxide. No significant changes in GST activity were observed, but reduced total protein levels were found in digestive gland tissues of exposed oysters at both concentrations. Loss of mucous cells, hemocytic infiltration, and vacuolation were observed in gills of exposed oysters. The results indicate that short-term graphene oxide exposures can induce oxidative stress and epithelial inflammation and adversely affect overall oyster health. Further investigations regarding the fate and sublethal effects of graphene oxide are critical to understanding the risks associated with a rapidly growing graphene consumer market. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:820-830. Published 2019 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Khan
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
- corresponding author: Bushra Khan,
| | - Adeyemi S. Adeleye
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Robert M. Burgess
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Stephen M. Russo
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities Student Services Contractor, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Kay T. Ho
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
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Coldsnow KD, Relyea RA. Toxicity of various road-deicing salts to Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea). Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:1839-1845. [PMID: 29508902 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Humans are altering environments by destroying habitats, introducing species, and releasing pollution. One emergent pollutant is the salinization of freshwater habitats from road-deicing salts. Government agencies have set thresholds to protect freshwater ecosystems, yet these values are exceeded in many systems. The present study investigated the tolerance of Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea), a common invasive bivalve, to the common road salt (sodium chloride [NaCl]) and 2 alternatives (magnesium chloride [MgCl2 ] and calcium chloride [CaCl2 ]). Experiments conducted at 4 and 8 d revealed that Asian clams are very salt tolerant. The median lethal concentration after 4 d of exposure (LC504-d ) estimate was 2162 mg Cl- /L for MgCl2 , 3554 mg Cl- /L for CaCl2 , and more than 22 581 mg Cl- /L for NaCl, which were all significantly different from each other (p ≤ 0.05). The LC508-d values were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) from each other and from the LC504-d values, and were estimated to be 1769 mg Cl- /L for MgCl2 , 2235 Cl- /L for CaCl2 , and 10 069 mg Cl- /L for NaCl. Mortality was determined using 2 methods: either no response after exposure or no response after being in freshwater following exposure. For the majority of the LC50s, these methods were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The high salt tolerance of Asian clams is a concern because of their transportation in ballast water between aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, salt-tolerant organisms may outcompete sensitive organisms in salinized ecosystems, which may alter ecosystem services. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1839-1845. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla D Coldsnow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Darrin Fresh Water Institute, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Rick A Relyea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Darrin Fresh Water Institute, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
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Jeffrey JD, Hannan KD, Hasler CT, Suski CD. Chronic exposure of a freshwater mussel to elevated pCO 2 : Effects on the control of biomineralization and ion-regulatory responses. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:538-550. [PMID: 28971536 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater mussels may be exposed to elevations in mean partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2 ) caused by both natural and anthropogenic factors. The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of a 28-d elevation in pCO2 at 15 000 and 50 000 μatm on processes associated with biomineralization, ion regulation, and cellular stress in adult Lampsilis siliquoidea (Barnes, 1823). In addition, the capacity for mussels to compensate for acid-base disturbances experienced after exposure to elevated pCO2 was assessed over a 14-d recovery period. Overall, exposure to 50 000 μatm pCO2 had more pronounced physiological consequences compared with 15 000 μatm pCO2 . Over the first 7 d of exposure to 50 000 μatm pCO2 , the mRNA abundance of chitin synthase (cs), calmodulin (cam), and calmodulin-like protein (calp) were significantly affected, suggesting that shell formation and integrity may be altered during pCO2 exposure. After the removal of the pCO2 treatment, mussels may compensate for the acid-base and ion disturbances experienced during pCO2 exposure, and transcript levels of some regulators of biomineralization (carbonic anhydrase [ca], cs, cam, calp) as well as ion regulation (na+ -k+ -ATPase [nka]) were modulated. Effects of elevated pCO2 on heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) were limited in the present study. Overall, adult L. siliquoidea appeared to regulate factors associated with the control of biomineralization and ion regulation during and/or after the removal of pCO2 exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:538-550. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Jeffrey
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelly D Hannan
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Caleb T Hasler
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Cory D Suski
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Waller DL, Bartsch MR, Fredricks KT, Bartsch LA, Schleis SM, Lee SH. Effects of carbon dioxide on juveniles of the freshwater mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea [Unionidae]). Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:671-681. [PMID: 27466973 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) has shown promise as a tool to control movements of invasive Asian carp, but its effects on native freshwater biota have not been well studied. The authors evaluated lethal and sublethal responses of juvenile fatmucket (Lampsilis siliquoidea) mussels to CO2 at levels (43-269 mg/L, mean concentration) that bracket concentrations effective for deterring carp movement. The 28-d lethal concentration to 50% of the mussels was 87.0 mg/L (95% confidence interval [CI] 78.4-95.9) and at 16-d postexposure, 76.0 mg/L (95% CI 62.9-90.3). A proportional hazards regression model predicted that juveniles could not survive CO2 concentrations >160 mg/L for more than 2 wk or >100 mg/L CO2 for more than 30 d. Mean shell growth was significantly lower for mussels that survived CO2 treatments. Growth during the postexposure period did not differ among treatments, indicating recovery of the mussels. Also, CO2 caused shell pitting and erosion. Behavioral effects of CO2 included movement of mussels to the substrate surface and narcotization at the highest concentrations. Mussels in the 110 mg/L mean CO2 treatment had the most movements in the first 3 d of exposure. If CO2 is infused continuously as a fish deterrent, concentrations <76 mg/L are recommended to prevent juvenile mussel mortality and shell damage. Mussels may survive and recover from brief exposure to higher concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:671-681. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane L Waller
- Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, US Geological Survey, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Michelle R Bartsch
- Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, US Geological Survey, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Kim T Fredricks
- Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, US Geological Survey, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Lynn A Bartsch
- Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, US Geological Survey, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Susan M Schleis
- Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, US Geological Survey, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Sheldon H Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Viterbo University, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA
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Deruytter D, Vandegehuchte MB, Garrevoet J, De Laender F, Vergucht E, Delbeke K, Blust R, De Schamphelaere KAC, Vincze L, Janssen CR. Salinity and dissolved organic carbon both affect copper toxicity in mussel larvae: Copper speciation or competition cannot explain everything. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015; 34:1330-1336. [PMID: 25865231 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Predicting copper (Cu) toxicity in marine and estuarine environments is challenging because of the influence of anions on Cu speciation, competition between Cu(2+) and other cations at the biotic ligand and the effect of salinity on the physiology of the organism. In the present study the combined effect of salinity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on Cu toxicity to larvae of Mytilus galloprovincialis was assessed. Two statistical models were developed and used to elucidate the relationship between Cu toxicity, salinity, and DOC. All models based on dissolved Cu indicate a decrease in Cu toxicity with increasing DOC concentrations, which can partly be explained by complexation of Cu(2+) ions with DOC. These models also indicate an increase in Cu toxicity (modeled with dissolved Cu or Cu(2+) activity) with increasing salinity, suggesting a salinity-induced alteration in the physiology of the mussel larvae. When based on Cu body burdens, neither of the models indicates an effect of salinity or DOC. This shows that the Cu body burden is a more constant predictor of Cu toxicity, regardless of the water chemistry influencing Cu speciation or competition and possible physiological alterations or changes in Cu speciation or competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Deruytter
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel B Vandegehuchte
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Garrevoet
- X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederik De Laender
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Vergucht
- X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological & Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laszlo Vincze
- X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colin R Janssen
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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