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Andersen JT, McCarthy AM, Wills JA, Fuller JT, Lenton GK, Doyle TLA. A markerless motion capture system can reliably determine peak trunk flexion while squatting with and without a weighted vest. J Biomech 2023; 152:111587. [PMID: 37080081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Markerless motion capture has improved physical screening efficiency in sport and occupational settings; however, reliability of kinematic measurements from commercial systems must be established. Further, the impact of torso-borne equipment on these measurements is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of HumanTrak, a markerless motion capture system, for estimating peak trunk flexion in squat movements with and without a weighted vest. Eighteen participants completed body weight squats (BWSQ) and overhead squats (OHSQ) to their maximum depth (unrestricted-range) and to a plyometric box (fixed-range) while wearing no body armour (NBA) or 9 kg body armour (BA9). Peak trunk flexion was measured using HumanTrak. Testing was performed in two sessions on one day (intra-day) and one session on a separate day (inter-day) to assess reliability. HumanTrak had a standard error of measurement < 3.74° across all movements and conditions. Reliability was good to excellent (ICC = 0.82-0.96) with very large to nearly perfect Pearson correlations (r > 0.80) for all comparisons except unrestricted-range BWSQ with BA9 (ICC = 0.60-0.71, r = 0.71). HumanTrak was more reliable for intra- than inter-day, but reliability was still excellent for almost all inter-day comparisons (ICC > 0.82). HumanTrak is reliable for detecting differences in peak trunk flexion > 8.5° when body armour is not worn and > 10.5° when body armour is worn. Practitioners can assess meaningful changes in sagittal plane trunk motion when screening squat movements regardless of whether body armour is worn.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Andersen
- Biomechanics, Physical Performance, and Exercise (BioPPEx) Research Group, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - A M McCarthy
- Biomechanics, Physical Performance, and Exercise (BioPPEx) Research Group, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - J A Wills
- Biomechanics, Physical Performance, and Exercise (BioPPEx) Research Group, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - J T Fuller
- Biomechanics, Physical Performance, and Exercise (BioPPEx) Research Group, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | | | - T L A Doyle
- Biomechanics, Physical Performance, and Exercise (BioPPEx) Research Group, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
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Sikora D, Linek P. The relationship between the Functional Movement Screen and the Y Balance Test in youth footballers. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13906. [PMID: 36061742 PMCID: PMC9438769 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and the Y Balance Test (Y-BT) are screening tools to detect movement deficits and to identify footballers at high risk of injury. If these tools are able to identify athletes with high risk of injury, they should measure the same construct and also be highly correlated. Objectives The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the FMS and Y-BT in youth footballers. The present study also aimed to assess the degree of association between the FMS and Y-BT considering high-injury-risk (FMS <= 14 points and Y-BT <= 89.6%) and low-injury-risk groups (FMS > 14 points and Y-BT > 89.6%). Method A sample of 226 healthy athletes (mean age: 14.0 ± 2.3 years) was selected from a football club. The FMS and Y-BT data were collected from all participants. The Y-BT raw data were normalised to the relative length of the lower limbs. Spearman's correlation was used in the analysis. Results For the whole group, there was a moderate correlation (R = 0.41; p < 0.001) between the composite FMS score and composite Y-BT score. The strength of relationships varied from weak to moderate between the FMS subtests and most Y-BT results for each direction. In the high-injury-risk group, there was no correlation (R = 0.11; p = 0.61) between the composite FMS score and composite Y-BT score. For the low-injury-risk group, there was a weak significant correlation (R = 0.27; p < 0.007) between the composite FMS score and composite Y-BT score. Additionally, 56 and 53 athletes were classified to the high-injury-risk group based on the FMS and Y-BT, respectively. Only 23 athletes were classified to the high-risk group by both tests. Conclusions Youth footballers showed only weak to moderate correlations between the FMS and the Y-BT. Footballers classified in the high-injury-risk group based on the FMS and Y-BT presented a different relationship between the FMS and Y-BT tasks compared to the low-injury-risk group. The results confirmed that the FMS and Y-BT should not be used interchangeably as they assess different movement deficits in the group of youth football players. The study results may partially suggest that using one of these screening tools cannot successfully predict injury risk in adolescent football players. This justifies the need to use these tests simultaneously to identify possible neuromuscular control deficits in youth footballers.
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Mann KJ, O'Dwyer N, Bruton MR, Bird SP, Edwards S. Movement Competency Screens Can Be Reliable In Clinical Practice By A Single Rater Using The Composite Score. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022; 17:593-604. [PMID: 35693862 PMCID: PMC9159707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Movement competency screens (MCSs) are commonly used by coaches and clinicians to assess injury risk. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding MCS reliability. Purpose This study aimed to: (i) determine the inter- and intra-rater reliability of a sport specific field-based MCS in novice and expert raters using different viewing methods (single and multiple views); and (ii) ascertain whether there were familiarization effects from repeated exposure for either raters or participants. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods Pre-elite youth athletes (n=51) were recruited and videotaped while performing a MCS comprising nine dynamic movements in three separate trials. Performances were rated three times with a minimal four-week wash out between testing sessions, each in randomized order by 12 raters (3 expert, 9 novice), using a three-point scale. Kappa score, percentage agreement and intra-class correlation were calculated for each movement individually and for the composite score. Results Fifty-one pre-elite youth athletes (15.0±1.6 years; n=33 athletics, n=10 BMX and n=8 surfing) were included in the study. Based on kappa score and percentage agreement, both inter- and intra-rater reliability were highly variable for individual movements but consistently high (>0.70) for the MCS composite score. The composite score did not increase with task familiarization by the athletes. Experts detected more movement errors than novices and both rating groups improved their detection of errors with repeated viewings of the same movement. Conclusions Irrespective of experience, raters demonstrated high variability in rating single movements, yet preliminary evidence suggests the MCS composite score could reliably assess movement competency. While athletes did not display a familiarization effect after performing the novel tasks within the MCS for the first time, raters showed improved error detection on repeated viewing of the same movement. Level of Evidence Cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry J Mann
- School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sports Science, Charles Sturt University
| | | | | | - Stephen P Bird
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland
| | - Suzi Edwards
- The Discipline of Exercise Science, The University of Sydney
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Straub RK, Horgan A, Powers CM. Estimation of vertical ground reaction force parameters during athletic tasks using 2D video. Gait Posture 2021; 90:483-8. [PMID: 34624702 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.09.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that elevated vertical ground reaction forces (vGRF) have been reported to contribute to various lower-extremity injuries, there is a need for a practical method to characterize movement behavior that is representative of elevated impact forces. RESEARCH QUESTION Can images obtained from 2D video be used to predict vGRF parameters during athletic tasks? Specifically, we sought to determine whether the 2D thigh angle obtained at peak knee flexion could be used to predict the peak vGRF and vGRF impulse during single limb and double limb landings and movements that involve a change of direction. METHODS 2D sagittal plane video and vGRFs were obtained simultaneously from 39 participants (15 males and 24 females) during 5 athletic tasks (drop jump, lateral shuffle, deceleration, triple hop, side-step-cut). Linear regression analysis was performed to determine if the 2D thigh angle at peak knee flexion predicted the first peak of the vGRF and vGRF impulse during the deceleration phase of each task. RESULTS The 2D thigh angle predicted the peak vGRF for all tasks except cutting (R2 = 0.17 to 0.47, all p < 0.01). However, the 2D thigh angle predicted the vGRF impulse for all 5 tasks (R2 = 0.13 to 0.39, all p < 0.025). SIGNIFICANCE An increased 2D thigh angle (which is representative of increased hip and knee flexion) was able to predict lower peak vGRFs and vGRF impulse during athletic tasks. The 2D thigh angle is a potential clinical method to characterize movement behavior that may expose individuals to high impact forces.
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Bakalľár I, Šimonek J, Kanásová J, Krčmárová B, Krčmár M. Multiple athletic performances, maturation, and Functional Movement Screen total and individual scores across different age categories in young soccer players. J Exerc Rehabil 2020; 16:432-441. [PMID: 33178645 PMCID: PMC7609856 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2040546.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in multiple athletic performances, and to examine associations between athletic performance and Functional Movement Screen (FMS) in young soccer players. Forty-one soccer players were tested on peak height velocity (PHV), 5-, 10-, and 30-m sprint times, 505 change of direction (505 COD), Y-reactive agility tests, countermovement jump (CMJ), and squat jump (SJ) height. Significant main effects (P<0.01) were recorded in all tests except FMS total score whereas the U16 group outperformed U12 and U14 in almost each test. However, when the results were adjusted to the PHV 7 of 11 tests were nonsignificant. Significant associations were recorded between trunk stability push-up (TSPU) and 5 m (P=0.04) and 505 COD (preferred) times (P=0.01), and SJ height (P=0.03) in the U12. In the U14, significant associations were recoded between TSPU and SJ (P<0.01) and CMJ height (P=0.03). In the U16, significant associations were recorded between deep overhead squat and 5-m sprint time (P=0.02) and CMJ height (P=0.04). Results of this study indicate that athletic performance in young soccer players is multidimensional in nature, and it is a consequence of several factors including maturation, different training strategies, and movement proficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bakalľár
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Jaromír Šimonek
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Janka Kanásová
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Bohumila Krčmárová
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Matúš Krčmár
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
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Ressman J, Rasmussen-Barr E, Grooten WJA. Reliability and validity of a novel Kinect-based software program for measuring a single leg squat. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2020; 12:31. [PMID: 32426141 PMCID: PMC7216608 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-020-00179-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The Single leg squat (SLS) is a movement screening test widely used in clinical settings. The SLS is highly subjective in its nature. Objective measures, such as 3D-motion analyses, are seldom used in daily clinical work. An interactive, Kinect-based 3D-movement analysis system, the Qinematic™, is proposed to be easily used in clinical settings to assess the SLS. The aim of this study was to establish the test-retest reliability and construct validity of Qinematic™ for assessing the SLS. A further aim was to identify angles of medial knee displacement, to summarise the discriminative ability of the SLS measured by Qinematic™. Methods We performed a test-retest reliability study (n = 37) of the SLS using Qinematic™ and a construct validity study, in which Qinematic™ data were compared with visual assessment of video-recorded SLS. Results Three variables (left knee down, right knee up and down) reached “substantial reliability” (ICC = 0.64–0.69). One variable, “left knee up”, showed a significant difference between the two test occasions (T1–6.34°, T2 0.66°, p = 0.013, ICC = 0.50), and “poor absolute reliability” was seen for all variables (SEM = 9.04–10.66, SDC = 25.06–29.55). A moderate agreement between the visual assessment and Qinematic™ data for various knee angles was shown (Kappa = 0.45–0.58). The best discriminative ability of the SLS was found at a knee angle of 6° (AUC = 0.82, sensitivity = 0.86, specificity = 0.78, PPV = 0.58, NPV = 0.94). Conclusions Qinematic™ shows a poor absolute reliability, and a substantial relative reliability, in measuring a SLS at the way down. This indicates that Qinematic™ should not be recommended for the use on an individual level, but it can possibly be used on a group level. The merged results of the construct validity study indicate that Qinematic™ at 6° of medial displacement can identify subjects with a knee over foot position. In summary, the use of the Qinematic™ net trajectory angle, which estimates the “line of best fit” cannot be recommended to assess a knee medial to foot position and should be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ressman
- 1Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 23, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Eva Rasmussen-Barr
- 1Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 23, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas Grooten
- 1Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 23, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.,2Allied Health Professionals Function, Functional Area Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Armstrong DP, Pegg CEE, Fischer SL. Is deep squat movement strategy related to floor-to-waist height lifting strategy: implications for physical employment testing. Ergonomics 2020; 63:152-162. [PMID: 31690241 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2019.1689303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Generalised predictive tests may be viable screening tools to evaluate job candidate workability if movement strategy used in assessment is consistent with movement strategy used in work. This study investigated if deep squat (DS) kinematics could predict floor-to-waist height lifting kinematics. Participants performed three DS repetitions, and 10 lifts of both a 10 kg and 20 kg box. Whole body kinematics were collected to calculate knee, hip and low back angles, and coordination as measured by relative phase angles. Movement features of lower extremity control, including knee and hip angles and coordination, were significantly correlated (r = 0.43-0.85) between the DS and lifting. However, low back movement features, measures linked to injury risk, were not significantly correlated between the DS and lifting. These findings do not support the DS as a suitable movement screen to predict lifting strategy, specifically when considering low back control. Practitioner summary: This study investigated whether lifting strategy could be inferred from deep squat performance. Knee and hip movement strategies were associated between the deep squat and lifting. However, inconsistencies in low back control between the deep squat and lifting limit the deep squat's injury risk assessment potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claragh E E Pegg
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Steven L Fischer
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Standardized clinical diagnostic procedures cannot assess the functionality of the anatomical structures in sport-specific movement. Biomechanical screening is able to detect deficits but is not sufficiently and objectively precise with the current clinical examination tools including conventional imaging techniques. The fields of use of functional testing methods are versatile and range from injury prevention analysis, screening during rehabilitation phases up to the return-to-play decision. Using simple musculoskeletal function analysis it is difficult to assess the risk of injuries. The main advantage of instrumented 3D-motion analysis is its potential to generate objective, reliable and reproducible data with exact joint angles, muscle activity, as well as loading inside the joints during movement. These marker-based motion analysis procedures are more time-consuming and more cost intensive and necessitate in particular biomechanical and medical knowledge to assess the analytical data in terms of clinical relevance. In the absence of scientific studies on biomechanical analyses in professional sports, this study shows preliminary approaches to this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dewitz
- Institut für Funktionelle Diagnostik (IFD Cologne), Im MediaPark 2, 50670, Köln, Deutschland.
| | - B Yildirim
- Institut für Funktionelle Diagnostik (IFD Cologne), Im MediaPark 2, 50670, Köln, Deutschland
| | - P Klein
- Institut für Funktionelle Diagnostik (IFD Cologne), Im MediaPark 2, 50670, Köln, Deutschland
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Grooten WJA, Sandberg L, Ressman J, Diamantoglou N, Johansson E, Rasmussen-Barr E. Reliability and validity of a novel Kinect-based software program for measuring posture, balance and side-bending. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:6. [PMID: 29310637 PMCID: PMC5759879 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical examinations are subjective and often show a low validity and reliability. Objective and highly reliable quantitative assessments are available in laboratory settings using 3D motion analysis, but these systems are too expensive to use for simple clinical examinations. Qinematic™ is an interactive movement analyses system based on the Kinect camera and is an easy-to-use clinical measurement system for assessing posture, balance and side-bending. The aim of the study was to test the test-retest the reliability and construct validity of Qinematic™ in a healthy population, and to calculate the minimal clinical differences for the variables of interest. A further aim was to identify the discriminative validity of Qinematic™ in people with low-back pain (LBP). Methods We performed a test-retest reliability study (n = 37) with around 1 week between the occasions, a construct validity study (n = 30) in which Qinematic™ was tested against a 3D motion capture system, and a discriminative validity study, in which a group of people with LBP (n = 20) was compared to healthy controls (n = 17). We tested a large range of psychometric properties of 18 variables in three sections: posture (head and pelvic position, weight distribution), balance (sway area and velocity in single- and double-leg stance), and side-bending. Results The majority of the variables in the posture and balance sections, showed poor/fair reliability (ICC < 0.4) and poor/fair validity (Spearman <0.4), with significant differences between occasions, between Qinematic™ and the 3D–motion capture system. In the clinical study, Qinematic™ did not differ between people with LPB and healthy for these variables. For one variable, side-bending to the left, there was excellent reliability (ICC =0.898), excellent validity (r = 0.943), and Qinematic™ could differentiate between LPB and healthy individuals (p = 0.012). Conclusion This paper shows that a novel software program (Qinematic™) based on the Kinect camera for measuring balance, posture and side-bending has poor psychometric properties, indicating that the variables on balance and posture should not be used for monitoring individual changes over time or in research. Future research on the dynamic tasks of Qinematic™ is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas Grooten
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden. .,Functional Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals Function, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lisa Sandberg
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - John Ressman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden.,Sports medicine clinic, Bosön, Swedish Sports Confederation Centre, Lidingö, Sweden
| | | | - Elin Johansson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden.,Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Eva Rasmussen-Barr
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden
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Herrero-Herrero M, García-Massó X, Martínez-Corralo C, Prades-Piñón J, Sanchis-Alfonso V. Relationship between the practice of physical activity and quality of movement in adolescents: a screening tool using self-organizing maps. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2017; 45:271-279. [PMID: 28471700 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2017.1327303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether the most physically active adolescents have better lower limb control. METHODS 31 high school students (12 males and 19 females) participated in this study. The Anterior Knee Pain Scale was used to find any cases of knee pain. Only subjects with high scores were selected, to exclude those with knee pain or lower limb injuries. Single Leg Squat and Tuck Jump Assessment were used to evaluate movements with two cameras in a two-dimensional assessment. The IPAQ Questionnaire was used to score the physical activity and to classify it into MET total, MET moderate activity, MET vigorous activity and MET walking. These scores were related to knee angle at landing, age and body mass index by self-organizing maps analysis. RESULTS The subjects were classified into 4 clusters and the descriptive statistics of the different clusters were determined to find any differences. The subjects in cluster 3 were classified as those with the highest risk factors of suffering lower limb musculoskeletal disorders or knee pain, even though injuries do not only depend on quality of movement. Physical activity was not related to healthy movements during jump and single leg squat. CONCLUSION Physical activity alone cannot be an indicator of good quality lower limb movement, as the knee valgus angle plays a determining role, as it could also depend on neuromuscular control and anatomical characteristics. The analytical method described in the study could be used by physical education teachers to detect potential risk factors for musculoskeletal problems in the lower limbs, especially in the knees.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Herrero-Herrero
- a Departamento de Didàctica de l'Expressió Musical, Plàstica i Corporal , Universitat de València , Valencia , Spain.,b EFIR_Estudi de Fisioteràpia i Rendiment , Valencia , Spain
| | - Xavier García-Massó
- a Departamento de Didàctica de l'Expressió Musical, Plàstica i Corporal , Universitat de València , Valencia , Spain
| | | | | | - Vicente Sanchis-Alfonso
- c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Hospital 9 de Octubre , Valencia , Spain
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McNeill W. The Double Knee Swing Test - a practical example of The Performance Matrix Movement Screen. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2014; 18:477-81. [PMID: 25042325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Movement screens have been suggested as an appropriate tool to identify 'uncontrolled movement' within the human neuromusculoskeletal system. Movement screens test the Central Nervous System along with the muscular system, for their combined ability to successfully control low threshold forces, such as those affecting posture and alignment, or, high threshold forces, such as those requiring muscular strength to control. Further information such as the identification of an anatomical site and direction of a potential uncontrolled movement can be elicited by this type of testing. This paper describes a low threshold, movement screen test, designed to be part of a battery of tests, which when used as a whole, can identify injury risk or factors affecting performance limitations. The testing is suggested to be a suitable assessment tool for Pilates Teachers working in a rehabilitative environment.
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