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Hu B, Sun K, Zhuang Z, Chen Z, Liu S, Cheong WC, Chen C, Hu M, Cao X, Ma J, Tu R, Zheng X, Xiao H, Chen X, Cui Y, Peng Q, Chen C, Li Y. Distinct Crystal-Facet-Dependent Behaviors for Single-Atom Palladium-On-Ceria Catalysts: Enhanced Stabilization and Catalytic Properties. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2107721. [PMID: 35142396 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-performance, fully atomically dispersed single-atom catalysts (SACs) are promising candidates for next-generation industrial catalysts. However, it remains a great challenge to avoid the aggregation of isolated atoms into nanoparticles during the preparation and application of SACs. Here, the evolution of Pd species is investigated on different crystal facets of CeO2 , and vastly different behaviors on the single-atomic dispersion of surface Pd atoms are surprisingly discovered. In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in situ near-ambient-pressure-XPS (NAP-XPS), in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) reveal that, in a reducing atmosphere, more oxygen vacancies are generated on the (100) facet of CeO2 , and Pd atoms can be trapped and thus feature atomic dispersion; by contrast, on the CeO2 (111) facet, Pd atoms will readily aggregate into clusters (Pdn ). Furthermore, Pd1 /CeO2 (100) gives a high selectivity of 90.3% for the catalytic N-alkylation reaction, which is 2.8 times higher than that for Pdn /CeO2 (111). This direct evidence demonstrates the crucial role of crystal-facet effects in the preparation of metal-atom-on-metal-oxide SACs. This work thus opens an avenue for the rational design and targeted synthesis of ultrastable and sinter-resistant SACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094, P. R. China
| | - Kaian Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zewen Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Shoujie Liu
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515031, P. R. China
| | - Weng-Chon Cheong
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhen Hu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xing Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Junguo Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Renyong Tu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Zheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Hai Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cui
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Xu Y, Zhang Z, Qiu C, Chen S, Ling X, Su C. Photocatalytic Water-Splitting Coupled with Alkanol Oxidation for Selective N-alkylation Reactions over Carbon Nitride. ChemSusChem 2021; 14:582-589. [PMID: 33219740 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting technology (PWST) enables the direct use of water as appealing "liquid hydrogen source" for transfer hydrogenation reactions. Currently, the development of PWST-based transfer hydrogenations is still in an embryonic stage. Previous reports generally centered on the rational utilization of the in situ generated H-source (electrons) for hydrogenations, in which photogenerated holes were quenched by sacrificial reagents. Herein, the fully-utilization of the liquid H-source and holes during water splitting is presented for photo-reductive N-alkylation of nitro-aromatic compounds. In this integrate system, H-species in situ generated from water splitting were designed for nitroarenes reduction to produce amines, while alkanols were oxidized by holes for cascade alkylating of anilines as well as the generated secondary amines. More than 50 examples achieved with a broad range scope validate the universal applicability of this mild and sustainable coupling approach. The synthetic utility of this protocol was further demonstrated by the synthesis of existing pharmaceuticals via selective N-alkylation of amines. This strategy based on the sustainable water splitting technology highlights a significant and promising route for selective synthesis of valuable N-alkylated fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals from nitroarenes and amines with water and alkanols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangsen Xu
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D, Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofei Zhang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D, Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Chuntian Qiu
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D, Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqin Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ling
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D, Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Chenliang Su
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D, Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
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Cai N, Liu C, Feng Z, Li X, Qi Z, Ji M, Qin P, Ahmed W, Cui Z. Design, Synthesis, and SAR of Novel 2-Glycinamide Cyclohexyl Sulfonamide Derivatives against Botrytis cinerea. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040740. [PMID: 29570637 PMCID: PMC6017058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
N-(2-trifluoromethyl-4-chlorophenyl)-2-oxocyclohexyl sulfonamide (chesulfamide) is in the limelight as a novel fungicide, and has fungicidal activity against Botrytis cinerea. For exploring more novel structures, 33 new compounds were synthesized by N-alkylation and acid–amine coupling reactions with chesulfamide as the core moiety, and their structures were characterized and established by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. The structure of (1R,2S)-2-(2-(N-(4-chloro-2-trifluoromethylphenyl)sulfamoyl)-cyclohexylamino)-N-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl) acetamide (II-19) was defined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The in vivo and in vitro fungicidal activities against B. cinerea were evaluated. The bioassay results of mycelial growth demonstrated that most compounds exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against B. cinerea at 50 μg mL−1, and 7 compounds showed lower EC50 values than boscalid (EC50 = 4.46 μg mL−1) against B. cinerea (CY-09). In cucumber pot experiment, the inhibitory rates of four compounds (II-4, II-5, II-12, and II-13) against B. cinerea were 90.48, 93.45, 92.86, and 91.07, which were better than cyprodinil (88.69%), the best performing of all controls. In tomato pot experiment, the control efficacy of two analogs (II-8 and II-15) were 87.98 and 87.97% at 200 μg mL−1, which were significantly higher than boscalid (78.10%). Most compounds have an excellent fungicidal effect on B. cinerea, with potential as a lead compound for developing new pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cai
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Caixiu Liu
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhihui Feng
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xinghai Li
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhiqiu Qi
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Mingshan Ji
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Peiwen Qin
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Wasim Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zining Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.
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Delgado-Rivera SM, Pérez-Ortiz GE, Molina-Villarino A, Morales-Fontán F, García-Santos LM, González-Albó AM, Guadalupe AR, Montes-González I. Synthesis and characterization of novel ferrocenyl chalcone ammonium and pyridinium salt derivatives. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017; 468:245-251. [PMID: 29353916 PMCID: PMC5773109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of ferrocenyl chalcone ammonium and pyridinium salt derivatives were synthesized in order to improve their solubility in aqueous media. Substituted ferrocenyl chalcones with amines and pyridines were synthesized using the base-catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt reaction, and their corresponding salts were prepared by a nucleophilic quaternization reaction at the nitrogen atom. Most of the synthesized ferrocenyl chalcone salts were soluble in water at room temperature. They were fully characterized by IR, NMR spectroscopy and HRMS spectrometry, and their electrochemistry was studied. The salt derivatives presented chemical reversibility, electrochemical quasi reversibility, and the slope of a plot of Log Ipc (or Ipa) versus Log v were almost 0.5 suggesting that their redox process was controlled by diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Delgado-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346 San Juan, PR 00931-3346
| | - Giovanny E. Pérez-Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346 San Juan, PR 00931-3346
| | - Andrés Molina-Villarino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346 San Juan, PR 00931-3346
| | - Fabiel Morales-Fontán
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346 San Juan, PR 00931-3346
| | - Lyannis M. García-Santos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346 San Juan, PR 00931-3346
| | - Alma M. González-Albó
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346 San Juan, PR 00931-3346
| | - Ana R. Guadalupe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346 San Juan, PR 00931-3346
| | - Ingrid Montes-González
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346 San Juan, PR 00931-3346
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Frizzo CP, Bacim C, Moreira DN, Rodrigues LV, Zimmer GC, Bonacorso HG, Zanatta N, Martins MAP. Sonochemical heating profile for solvents and ionic liquid doped solvents, and their application in the N-alkylation of pyrazoles. Ultrason Sonochem 2016; 32:432-439. [PMID: 27150789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The heating profile for 25 solvents was determined in ultrasonic probe equipment at amplitudes of 20%, 25%, and 30%. Each solvent was heated in accordance with its boiling point. The effect of vapor pressure, surface tension, and viscosity of the solvents in dissipated ultrasonic power (Up) was evaluated. Multiple regression analysis of these solvent properties and dissipated Up reveals that solvent viscosity is the property that most strongly affected dissipated Up. Experimentation involving acetonitrile doped with [BMIM][BF4] indicated faster heating than MeCN. Aprotic polar solvents such as DMSO, DMF, and MeCN were tested in the N-alkylation of pyrazoles under ultrasonic conditions. After 5min at 90°C, the reactants had been totally converted into product in these solvents. Solvents, with low dissipated Up (e.g., toluene) were tested. Conversions were lower compared to those of aprotic polar solvents. When the reactions were done in hexane, no conversion to product was observed. To check the effect of doping in solvents with low Up, [BMIM][BF4], DMSO, and DMF were selected. The conversions for toluene doped with [BMIM][BF4], DMSO, and DMF were 100%, 59%, and 25%, respectively. These conversions were greater than when done in just toluene (46%). Thus, [BMIM][BF4] was the best polar doping solvent, followed by DMSO. DMF was not considered to be a satisfactory doping solvent. No conversion was observed for reactions in the absence of base performed in DMSO, DMF, and MeCN doped with [BMIM][BF4].
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa P Frizzo
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carolini Bacim
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Dayse N Moreira
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58051-900, Areia, PB, Brazil
| | - Leticia V Rodrigues
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Geórgia C Zimmer
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Hélio G Bonacorso
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nilo Zanatta
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos A P Martins
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Pekošak A, Filp U, Rotteveel L, Poot AJ, Windhorst AD. Improved synthesis and application of [(11) C]benzyl iodide in positron emission tomography radiotracer production. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:342-8. [PMID: 26031614 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography has increased the demand for new carbon-11 radiolabeled tracers and building blocks. A promising radiolabeling synthon is [(11) C]benzyl iodide ([(11) C]BnI), because the benzyl group is a widely present functionality in biologically active compounds. Unfortunately, synthesis of [(11) C]BnI has received little attention, resulting in limited application. Therefore, we investigated the synthesis in order to significantly improve, automate, and apply it for labeling of the dopamine D2 antagonist [(11) C]clebopride as a proof of concept. [(11) C]BnI was synthesized from [(11) C]CO2 via a Grignard reaction and purified prior the reaction with desbenzyl clebopride. According to a one-pot procedure, [(11) C]BnI was synthesized in 11 min from [(11) C]CO2 with high yield, purity, and specific activity, 52 ± 3% (end of the cyclotron bombardment), 95 ± 3%, and 123 ± 17 GBq/µmol (end of the synthesis), respectively. Changes in the [(11) C]BnI synthesis are reduced amounts of reagents, a lower temperature in the Grignard reaction, and the introduction of a solid-phase intermediate purification. [(11) C]Clebopride was synthesized within 28 min from [(11) C]CO2 in an isolated decay-corrected yield of 11 ± 3% (end of the cyclotron bombardment) with a purity of >98% and specific activity (SA) of 54 ± 4 GBq/µmol (n = 3) at the end of the synthesis. Conversion of [(11) C]BnI to product was 82 ± 11%. The reliable synthesis of [(11) C]BnI allows the broad application of this synthon in positron emission tomography radiopharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pekošak
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrike Filp
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke Rotteveel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex J Poot
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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