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Ghini V, Meoni G, Vignoli A, Di Cesare F, Tenori L, Turano P, Luchinat C. Fingerprinting and profiling in metabolomics of biosamples. Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 2023; 138-139:105-135. [PMID: 38065666 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on metabolomics from an NMR point of view. It attempts to cover the broad scope of metabolomics and describes the NMR experiments that are most suitable for each sample type. It is addressed not only to NMR specialists, but to all researchers who wish to approach metabolomics with a clear idea of what they wish to achieve but not necessarily with a deep knowledge of NMR. For this reason, some technical parts may seem a bit naïve to the experts. The review starts by describing standard metabolomics procedures, which imply the use of a dedicated 600 MHz instrument and of four properly standardized 1D experiments. Standardization is a must if one wants to directly compare NMR results obtained in different labs. A brief mention is also made of standardized pre-analytical procedures, which are even more essential. Attention is paid to the distinction between fingerprinting and profiling, and the advantages and disadvantages of fingerprinting are clarified. This aspect is often not fully appreciated. Then profiling, and the associated problems of signal assignment and quantitation, are discussed. We also describe less conventional approaches, such as the use of different magnetic fields, the use of signal enhancement techniques to increase sensitivity, and the potential of field-shuttling NMR. A few examples of biomedical applications are also given, again with the focus on NMR techniques that are most suitable to achieve each particular goal, including a description of the most common heteronuclear experiments. Finally, the growing applications of metabolomics to foodstuffs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ghini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gaia Meoni
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessia Vignoli
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Cesare
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Leonardo Tenori
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Paola Turano
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Giotto Biotech S.r.l., Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Zhao P, Lou LL, Xin BS, Li ZY, Guo R, Zhou WY, Lv TM, Huang XX, Song SJ. Rapid determination of the relative configuration of diverse 8,4'-oxyneolignans by NMR analysis: Retrospective studies, improvement and structural revision. Phytochemistry 2023; 214:113801. [PMID: 37499851 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The characteristic 1H NMR signals (H-7 and H2-9) are significant parameters that have been widely used to assess the relative configuration of H-7 and H-8 of 8,4'-oxyneolignans. However, many usual 8,4'-oxyneolignans cannot be accurately determined by existing NMR methods and no research considering their limitations was performed until now. In this study, the application scope of NMR methods was comprehensively studied and the ΔδH9a-H9b methods have been extended to solve the majority of configuration determination difficulties. The accuracy of extended NMR methods was verified by anisotropic NMR (RCSA measurements), NMR calculation and diverse statistical analysis (MAEΔΔδ, CP3 and DP4+). Furthermore, the theoretical conformational analysis was performed to investigate the inherent limitations of existing NMR methods. This study could provide a valuable reference for determining the relative configuration of H-7 and H-8 in 8,4'-oxyneolignans and the relative configuration of 23 recently reported 8,4'-oxyneolignan derivatives should be reassigned as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Li-Li Lou
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Ben-Song Xin
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Wei-Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Tian-Ming Lv
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.
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Knöller JA, Forschner R, Frey W, Lang J, Baro A, Zens A, Molard Y, Giesselmann F, Claasen B, Laschat S. Chasing Self-Assembly of Thioether-Substituted Flavylium Salts in Solution and Bulk State. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200154. [PMID: 35446455 PMCID: PMC9400860 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Two series of flavylium triflates carrying alkoxy side chains in the A‐ring (benzo unit of chromylium salt) and thioethers in the B ring (phenyl unit) (On‐Fla‐Sm) as well as thioethers at both A and B ring (Sn‐Fla‐Sm) were synthesized in order to understand the effect of thioether functionalization on their self‐assembly and electronic properties. Concentration‐dependent and diffusion ordered (DOSY) NMR experiments of O1‐iV‐Fla‐S3 indicate the formation of columnar H‐aggregates in solution with antiparallel intracolumnar stacking of the AC unit (chromylium) of the flavylium triflate, in agreement with the solid state structure of O1‐V‐Fla‐S1. Thioether substitution on the B ring changes the linear optical properties in solution, whereas it has no effect on the A ring. According to differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction bulk self‐assembly of these ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) depends on the total number of side chains, yielding SmA and LamCol phases for ILCs with 2–3 chains and Colro, Colh phases for ILCs with 3–6 chains. Thus, we demonstrated that thioethers are a useful design tool for ILCs with tailored properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius A Knöller
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Robert Forschner
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Johannes Lang
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Angelika Baro
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Anna Zens
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Yann Molard
- University of Rennes 1 - Health Sciences Campus Villejean: Universite de Rennes 1 - Campus Sante de Villejean, Institut of Chemical Science, GERMANY
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Birgit Claasen
- Universität Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, GERMANY
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, GERMANY
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Abdelkarim H, Hitchinson B, Banerjee A, Gaponenko V. Advances in NMR Methods to Identify Allosteric Sites and Allosteric Ligands. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019; 1163:171-186. [PMID: 31707704 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8719-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
NMR allows assessment of protein structure in solution. Unlike conventional X-ray crystallography that provides snapshots of protein conformations, all conformational states are simultaneously accessible to analysis by NMR. This is a significant advantage for discovery and characterization of allosteric effects. These effects are observed when binding at one site of the protein affects another distinct site through conformational transitions. Allosteric regulation of proteins has been observed in multiple physiological processes in health and disease, providing an opportunity for the development of allosteric inhibitors. These compounds do not directly interact with the orthosteric site of the protein but influence its structure and function. In this book chapter, we provide an overview on how NMR methods are utilized to identify allosteric sites and to discover novel inhibitors, highlighting examples from the field. We also describe how NMR has contributed to understanding of allosteric mechanisms and propose that it is likely to play an important role in clarification and further development of key concepts of allostery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Abdelkarim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ben Hitchinson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Avik Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vadim Gaponenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Silletta EV, Franzoni MB, Monti GA, Acosta RH. Probing numerical Laplace inversion methods for two and three-site molecular exchange between interconnected pore structures. J Magn Reson 2018; 286:82-90. [PMID: 29197695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimension (2D) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry experiments are a powerful tool extensively used to probe the interaction among different pore structures, mostly in inorganic systems. The analysis of the collected experimental data generally consists of a 2D numerical inversion of time-domain data where T2-T2 maps are generated. Through the years, different algorithms for the numerical inversion have been proposed. In this paper, two different algorithms for numerical inversion are tested and compared under different conditions of exchange dynamics; the method based on Butler-Reeds-Dawson (BRD) algorithm and the fast-iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA) method. By constructing a theoretical model, the algorithms were tested for a two- and three-site porous media, varying the exchange rates parameters, the pore sizes and the signal to noise ratio. In order to test the methods under realistic experimental conditions, a challenging organic system was chosen. The molecular exchange rates of water confined in hierarchical porous polymeric networks were obtained, for a two- and three-site porous media. Data processed with the BRD method was found to be accurate only under certain conditions of the exchange parameters, while data processed with the FISTA method is precise for all the studied parameters, except when SNR conditions are extreme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia V Silletta
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Matemática, Física, Astronomía y Computación, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, IFEG, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María B Franzoni
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Matemática, Física, Astronomía y Computación, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, IFEG, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo A Monti
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Matemática, Física, Astronomía y Computación, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, IFEG, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo H Acosta
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Matemática, Física, Astronomía y Computación, Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET, IFEG, Córdoba, Argentina
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Fraga H, Arnaud CA, Gauto DF, Audin M, Kurauskas V, Macek P, Krichel C, Guan JY, Boisbouvier J, Sprangers R, Breyton C, Schanda P. Solid-State NMR H-N-(C)-H and H-N-C-C 3D/4D Correlation Experiments for Resonance Assignment of Large Proteins. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2697-2703. [PMID: 28792111 PMCID: PMC5632560 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy can provide insight into protein structure and dynamics at the atomic level without inherent protein size limitations. However, a major hurdle to studying large proteins by solid-state NMR spectroscopy is related to spectral complexity and resonance overlap, which increase with molecular weight and severely hamper the assignment process. Here the use of two sets of experiments is shown to expand the tool kit of 1 H-detected assignment approaches, which correlate a given amide pair either to the two adjacent CO-CA pairs (4D hCOCANH/hCOCAcoNH), or to the amide 1 H of the neighboring residue (3D HcocaNH/HcacoNH, which can be extended to 5D). The experiments are based on efficient coherence transfers between backbone atoms using INEPT transfers between carbons and cross-polarization for heteronuclear transfers. The utility of these experiments is exemplified with application to assemblies of deuterated, fully amide-protonated proteins from approximately 20 to 60 kDa monomer, at magic-angle spinning (MAS) frequencies from approximately 40 to 55 kHz. These experiments will also be applicable to protonated proteins at higher MAS frequencies. The resonance assignment of a domain within the 50.4 kDa bacteriophage T5 tube protein pb6 is reported, and this is compared to NMR assignments of the isolated domain in solution. This comparison reveals contacts of this domain to the core of the polymeric tail tube assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Fraga
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Charles-Adrien Arnaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
| | - Diego F. Gauto
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
| | - Maxime Audin
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstrasse 35, 72076 Tübingen (Germany)
| | - Vilius Kurauskas
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
| | - Pavel Macek
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
| | - Carsten Krichel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
| | - Jia-Ying Guan
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
| | - Jerome Boisbouvier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
| | - Remco Sprangers
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstrasse 35, 72076 Tübingen (Germany)
- Department of Biophysics I, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg (Germany)
| | - Cécile Breyton
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
| | - Paul Schanda
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Structural Biology (IBS), 71 avenue des martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble (France)
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Göbl C, Madl T, Simon B, Sattler M. NMR approaches for structural analysis of multidomain proteins and complexes in solution. Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 2014; 80:26-63. [PMID: 24924266 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is a key method for studying the structure and dynamics of (large) multidomain proteins and complexes in solution. It plays a unique role in integrated structural biology approaches as especially information about conformational dynamics can be readily obtained at residue resolution. Here, we review NMR techniques for such studies focusing on state-of-the-art tools and practical aspects. An efficient approach for determining the quaternary structure of multidomain complexes starts from the structures of individual domains or subunits. The arrangement of the domains/subunits within the complex is then defined based on NMR measurements that provide information about the domain interfaces combined with (long-range) distance and orientational restraints. Aspects discussed include sample preparation, specific isotope labeling and spin labeling; determination of binding interfaces and domain/subunit arrangements from chemical shift perturbations (CSP), nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs), isotope editing/filtering, cross-saturation, and differential line broadening; and based on paramagnetic relaxation enhancements (PRE) using covalent and soluble spin labels. Finally, the utility of complementary methods such as small-angle X-ray or neutron scattering (SAXS, SANS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) or fluorescence spectroscopy techniques is discussed. The applications of NMR techniques are illustrated with studies of challenging (high molecular weight) protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Göbl
- Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Madl
- Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany; Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Bernd Simon
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Biomolecular NMR and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany; Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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