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Mitchell MM, Tseng TY, Rubin LH, Cruz-Oliver D, Catanzarite Z, Clair CA, Moore DJ, Knowlton AR. Social support network factors associated with verbal fluency among vulnerable persons living with HIV. AIDS Care 2024; 36:358-367. [PMID: 37345842 PMCID: PMC10739652 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2216925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Vulnerable persons living with HIV (PLWH) are at high risk of cognitive impairment and challenges accessing quality social support in later life. Impaired verbal fluency (VF), a cognitive domain linked to HIV, could impede social support associated with health and well-being for already vulnerable PLWH. We examined the structure of social support, using latent class analysis, and the associations among quantity, specific forms and quality of social support and VF among PLWH. Participants enrolled in the BEACON study (n = 383) completed the Controlled Oral Word Association test (COWAT) and a social support network inventory. Latent class analysis with count variables was used to determine the number of classes of PLWH based on their social network characteristics. The majority of PLWH were male (61.4%) and African American (85.9%). Two distinct latent classes, with a major distinction in the number of network members who were female, knew participants' HIV status and HIV medication usage. Fewer support network members (β = -.13, p < 0.01), greater negative interactions (β = -.16, p < 0.01), and less positive interactions with network members (β = .15, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with lower COWAT scores. Comprehensive screening of high-risk PLWH and early intervention with those with cognitive impairment are important for addressing social support needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M. Mitchell
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tuo-Yen Tseng
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leah H. Rubin
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dulce Cruz-Oliver
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zachary Catanzarite
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Catherine A. Clair
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David J. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amy R. Knowlton
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Baltimore, MD, USA
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