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Saha A, Taragin S, Maiti S, Kravchuk T, Leifer N, Tkachev M, Noked M. Improved Cycling Stability of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 Cathode Material via Variable Temperature Atomic Surface Reduction with Diethyl Zinc. Small 2022; 18:e2104625. [PMID: 34882972 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High-Ni-rich layered oxides [e.g., LiNix Coy Mnz O2 ; x > 0.5, x + y + z = 1] are considered one of the most promising cathodes for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIB). However, extreme electrode-electrolyte reactions, several interfacial issues, and structural instability restrict their practical applicability. Here, a shortened unconventional atomic surface reduction (ASR) technique is demonstrated on the cathode surface as a derivative of the conventional atomic layer deposition (ALD) process, which brings superior cell performances. The atomic surface reaction (reduction process) between diethyl-zinc (as a single precursor) and Ni-rich NMC cathode [LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 ; NCM811] material is carried out using the ALD reactor at different temperatures. The temperature dependency of the process through advanced spectroscopy and microscopy studies is demonstrated and it is shown that thin surface film is formed at 100 °C, whereas at 200 °C a gradual atomic diffusion of Zn ions from the surface to the near-surface regions is taking place. This unique near-surface penetration of Zn ions significantly improves the electrochemical performance of the NCM811 cathode. This approach paves the way for utilizing vapor phase deposition processes to achieve both surface coatings and near-surface doping in a single reactor to stabilize high-energy cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sarah Taragin
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sandipan Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tatyana Kravchuk
- Surface Science Laboratory of Solid State Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 5290002, Israel
| | - Nicole Leifer
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Maria Tkachev
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Malachi Noked
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat Gan, Israel
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