1
|
Pinto VB, Quadros AFF, Godinho MT, Silva JC, Alfenas-Zerbini P, Zerbini FM. Intra-host evolution of the ssDNA virus tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV). Virus Res 2020; 292:198234. [PMID: 33232784 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate and quantify the evolutionary dynamics of the bipartite begomovirus tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) in a cultivated and a non-cultivated host, plants of tomato and Nicandra physaloides were biolistically inoculated with an infectious clone and systemically infected leaves were sampled at 30, 75 and 120 days after inoculation. Total DNA was extracted and sequenced in the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. The datasets were trimmed with the quality score limit set to 0.01, and the assembly was performed using the infectious clone sequence as reference. SNPs were filtered using a minimum p-value of 0.001 and the sum frequencies were used to calculate the deviation from the original clone sequence. Nucleotide substitution rates were calculated for the two DNA components in both hosts: 1.73 × 10-3 and 3.07 × 10-4 sub/site/year for the DNA-A and DNA-B, respectively, in N. physaloides, and 8.05 × 10-4 and 7.02 × 10-5 sub/site/year the for DNA-A and DNA-B, respectively, in tomato. These values are in the same range of those estimated for viruses with single-stranded RNA genomes and for other begomoviruses. Strikingly, the number of substitutions decreased over time, suggesting the presence of bottlenecks during systemic infection. Determination of Shannon's entropy indicated different patterns of variation in the DNA-A and the DNA-B, suggesting distinct evolutionary forces acting upon each component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Batista Pinto
- Dep. de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil; National Research Institute for Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ayane Fernanda Ferreira Quadros
- Dep. de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil; National Research Institute for Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Márcio Tadeu Godinho
- Dep. de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil; National Research Institute for Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Cleydson Silva
- National Research Institute for Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Poliane Alfenas-Zerbini
- National Research Institute for Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil; Dep. de Microbiologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - F Murilo Zerbini
- Dep. de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil; National Research Institute for Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang L, Peng X, Zhao G, Xia J, Lu J, Zhou L, Wang K, Liu Z, Qiu M. Three new C23 steroids from the leaves and stems of Nicandra physaloides. Steroids 2019; 150:108424. [PMID: 31201842 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nicandra physaloides is a medicinal and edible plant and has been used as traditionally herbal medicine to treat various diseases in folk. Its characteristic withanolides, a kind of ergostane-type steroids, are reported to display plentiful biological activities that many explain the effect of N. physaloides to some extent. Thus, to further find bioactive steroids, the stems and leaves of N. physaloides were investigated and three new C23 steroids, nic-physatones I-J (1-2), and nic-physatone S (3), together with a known C25 steroid, nic 17 (4), were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by extensive 1D NMR and 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, 1H-1H COSY, and ROESY), UV and MS analyses. Compounds 1-3 possess a rare C23 steroid skeleton. Among them, compound 3 represented the first example of a C23 steroid featuring a benzene ring (D ring). The isolated compounds showed no cytotoxic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tabacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xingrong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Gaoting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianjun Xia
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tabacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Kunmiao Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tabacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tabacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., China
| | - Minghua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xiao Q, Wang CF, Chen J, Lian CL, Xu Y, Xiao L, Liu JQ. Three new withanolides from the calyces of Nicandra physaloides. Steroids 2018; 131:32-36. [PMID: 29355564 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation on ethyl acetate extract of the calyces of Nicandra physaloides resulted in the isolation of three new withanolides named as nicphysatone A (1), nicphysatone B (2), nicphysatone C (3), together with five known withanolides, nic 17 (4), nic 7 (5), nic 2 (6), withahisolide G (7) and nicaphysalin B (8). The structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic experiments. The discovery enriched the diversity of natural withanolides and could serve as scaffolds for the synthesis of more potent modified withanolides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Cui-Fang Wang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Chen-Lei Lian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Jie-Qing Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Xiamen 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Y, Jiang HB, Xu ZP, Cheng YG, Lv SW, Yang BY, Guo HW, Kuang HX. New Glycosides from the Fruits of Nicandra physaloides. Molecules 2017; 22:E828. [PMID: 28513563 PMCID: PMC6154662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new glycosides (1-3) and 15 known ones (4-18) were isolated and identified from the fruits of Nicandra physaloides. The structures of these compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectra and HR-ESI-MS. The compounds (4-18) were the first time isolated from the Nicandra genus and they (except 8, 10, 14) exhibited inhibitions on the NO release of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values from 26.9 to 47.5 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Hai-Bing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Zhen-Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yan-Gang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Shao-Wa Lv
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Hong-Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|