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Arroyo JG, Seto B, Yamada K, Zeng K, Minturn R, Lemire CA. Rapid reduction of macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion with low-dose normobaric hyperoxia. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:2113-2118. [PMID: 33616756 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05128-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the effects of a relatively inexpensive, non-invasive, short-term treatment with low-dose normobaric hyperoxia (NBH) on macular edema in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO). METHODS Participants with macular edema associated with RVO were treated with 5 LPM of NBH via facemask (40% fraction of inspired oxygen, FIO2) for 3 h. Patients with non-fovea involving edema who elected to be observed returned for a second treatment 1 month later to test reproducibility. RESULTS A 3-h session of NBH (n = 45) resulted in decreased maximum macular thickness (MMT) (mean 7.10%, t34=9.63 P<.001) and central macular thickness (CMT) (mean 4.64%, t34=6.90, P<.001) when compared to untreated eyes with RVO measured over the same period of time (n = 12) or their healthy fellow eye (n = 34; MMT:t34=-9.60, P<.001;CMT: t34=-6.72, P<.001). Patients who had a second NBH treatment 1 month later experienced a recurrence of their edema, but demonstrated a similar significant reduction in MMT and CMT after the second NBH treatment. CONCLUSIONS Three-hour treatment with 40% FIO2 NBH results in a significant reduction in MMT and CMT. This study supports an ischemic mechanism for macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE Short-term low-dose normobaric hyperoxia is a simple, inexpensive, and ubiquitous treatment that may provide an alternate or adjunctive approach to treating macular edema in patients who are resistant to or cannot afford anti-VEGF medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G Arroyo
- Division of Ophthalmology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 5th floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Brendan Seto
- Division of Ophthalmology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 5th floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Division of Ophthalmology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 5th floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ke Zeng
- Division of Ophthalmology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 5th floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Robert Minturn
- Division of Ophthalmology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 5th floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Colin A Lemire
- Division of Ophthalmology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 5th floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Chen Z, Ding J, Wu X, Bao B, Cao X, Wu X, Yin X, Meng R. Safety and efficacy of normobaric oxygenation on rescuing acute intracerebral hemorrhage-mediated brain damage-a protocol of randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:93. [PMID: 33499916 PMCID: PMC7836205 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background All of the existing medication and surgical therapies currently cannot completely inhibit intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-mediated brain damage, resulting in disability in different degrees in the involved patients. Normobaric oxygenation (NBO) was reported attenuating ischemic brain injury. Herein, we aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of NBO on rescuing the damaged brain tissues secondary to acute ICH, especially those in the perihematoma area being threatened by ischemia and hypoxia. Methods A total of 150 patients confirmed as acute spontaneous ICH by computed tomography (CT) within 6 h after symptoms onset, will enroll in this study after signing the informed consent, and enter into the NBO group or control group randomly according to a random number. In the NBO group, patients will inhale high-flow oxygen (8 L/min, 1 h each time for 6 cycles daily) and intake low-flow oxygen (2 L/min) in intermittent periods by mask for a total of 7 days. While in the control group, patients will breathe in only low-flow oxygen (2 L/min) by mask for 7 consecutive days. Computed tomography and perfusion (CT/CTP) will be used to evaluate cerebral perfusion status and brain edema. CT and CTP maps in the two groups at baseline and day 7 and 14 after NBO or low-flow oxygen control will be compared. The primary endpoint is mRS at both Day14 post-ICH and the end of the 3rd month follow-up. The secondary endpoints include NIHSS and plasma biomarkers at baseline and Day-1, 7, and 14 after treatment, as well as the NIHSS at the end of the 3rd month post-ICH and the incidence of bleeding recurrence and the mortalities within 3 months post-ICH. Discussion This study will provide preliminary clinical evidence about the safety and efficacy of NBO on correcting acute ICH and explore some mechanisms accordingly, to offer reference for larger clinical trials in the future. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04144868. Retrospectively registered on October 29, 2019. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-021-05048-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiayue Ding
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Bao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xianming Cao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiangbin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China. .,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
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Pei J, Cai S, Song S, Xu Y, Feng M, Luo G, Wang Y, Sun F, Shi H, Xu S. Normobaric hyperoxia plays a protective role against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 532:151-8. [PMID: 32838965 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Following renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI), because of the decrease in oxygen supply to the kidney, a large amount of oxygen-free radicals is generated, and in severe cases, tissue cells will undergo apoptosis or even die. Normobaric hyperoxia (NBHO) is a very common clinical adjuvant treatment. It restores the oxygen supply after renal ischemia and combats oxidative stress in tissues, thus playing a protective role. In this study, our aim is to elucidate the protective mechanism of NBHO inhalation in a rat RIRI model. We performed a surgical excision of the left kidney of the rat and established a right kidney solitary kidney model. Later, the right renal pedicle of the rat was clamped using a non-invasive vascular clamp for 45 min. After the vascular clamp was released and reperfused for 24 h, the rat was placed in a closed oxygen chamber. It was subjected to inhalation of high-concentration oxygen (50%-55%), 2 h daily, for 7 days.RIRI induces postoperative weight loss, impaired renal function, increased oxygen free radicals, reduced antioxidant substances, increased histopathological damage, and increased levels of apoptosis. These effects were significantly improved after treatment with NBHO. At the same time, NBHO significantly increased the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the tissues after RIRI. To verify whether HO-1 induced by Nrf2 is involved in the resistance to oxidative stress, after the rat RIRI and before inhaling NBHO, we intraperitoneally injected HO-1 specific inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) (45 μmol/Kg). However, we found that ZnPP reversed the protective effect of NBHO on RIRI in rats. Combining all the results, we have demonstrated the protective effect of NBHO on RIRI, which can be at least partially attributed to the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidative stress pathway.
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Abstract
Hypoxic ischemic brain injury (HIBI) after cardiac arrest (CA) is a leading cause of mortality and long-term neurologic disability in survivors. The pathophysiology of HIBI encompasses a heterogeneous cascade that culminates in secondary brain injury and neuronal cell death. This begins with primary injury to the brain caused by the immediate cessation of cerebral blood flow following CA. Thereafter, the secondary injury of HIBI takes place in the hours and days following the initial CA and reperfusion. Among factors that may be implicated in this secondary injury include reperfusion injury, microcirculatory dysfunction, impaired cerebral autoregulation, hypoxemia, hyperoxia, hyperthermia, fluctuations in arterial carbon dioxide, and concomitant anemia.Clarifying the underlying pathophysiology of HIBI is imperative and has been the focus of considerable research to identify therapeutic targets. Most notably, targeted temperature management has been studied rigorously in preventing secondary injury after HIBI and is associated with improved outcome compared with hyperthermia. Recent advances point to important roles of anemia, carbon dioxide perturbations, hypoxemia, hyperoxia, and cerebral edema as contributing to secondary injury after HIBI and adverse outcomes. Furthermore, breakthroughs in the individualization of perfusion targets for patients with HIBI using cerebral autoregulation monitoring represent an attractive area of future work with therapeutic implications.We provide an in-depth review of the pathophysiology of HIBI to critically evaluate current approaches for the early treatment of HIBI secondary to CA. Potential therapeutic targets and future research directions are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mypinder S Sekhon
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Room 2438, Jim Pattison Pavilion, 2nd Floor, 855 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada. .,Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Donald E Griesdale
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Room 2438, Jim Pattison Pavilion, 2nd Floor, 855 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.,Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.,Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 899 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
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Donati A, Damiani E, Zuccari S, Domizi R, Scorcella C, Girardis M, Giulietti A, Vignini A, Adrario E, Romano R, Mazzanti L, Pelaia P, Singer M. Effects of short-term hyperoxia on erythropoietin levels and microcirculation in critically Ill patients: a prospective observational pilot study. BMC Anesthesiol 2017; 17:49. [PMID: 28335733 PMCID: PMC5364633 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-017-0342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The normobaric oxygen paradox states that a short exposure to normobaric hyperoxia followed by rapid return to normoxia creates a condition of ‘relative hypoxia’ which stimulates erythropoietin (EPO) production. Alterations in glutathione and reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be involved in this process. We tested the effects of short-term hyperoxia on EPO levels and the microcirculation in critically ill patients. Methods In this prospective, observational study, 20 hemodynamically stable, mechanically ventilated patients with inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2) ≤0.5 and PaO2/FiO2 ≥ 200 mmHg underwent a 2-hour exposure to hyperoxia (FiO2 1.0). A further 20 patients acted as controls. Serum EPO was measured at baseline, 24 h and 48 h. Serum glutathione (antioxidant) and ROS levels were assessed at baseline (t0), after 2 h of hyperoxia (t1) and 2 h after returning to their baseline FiO2 (t2). The microvascular response to hyperoxia was assessed using sublingual sidestream dark field videomicroscopy and thenar near-infrared spectroscopy with a vascular occlusion test. Results EPO increased within 48 h in patients exposed to hyperoxia from 16.1 [7.4–20.2] to 22.9 [14.1–37.2] IU/L (p = 0.022). Serum ROS transiently increased at t1, and glutathione increased at t2. Early reductions in microvascular density and perfusion were seen during hyperoxia (perfused small vessel density: 85% [95% confidence interval 79–90] of baseline). The response after 2 h of hyperoxia exposure was heterogeneous. Microvascular perfusion/density normalized upon returning to baseline FiO2. Conclusions A two-hour exposure to hyperoxia in critically ill patients was associated with a slight increase in EPO levels within 48 h. Adequately controlled studies are needed to confirm the effect of short-term hyperoxia on erythropoiesis. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov), NCT02481843, registered 15th June 2015, retrospectively registered
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Affiliation(s)
- Abele Donati
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 6126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy.
| | - Elisa Damiani
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 6126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Samuele Zuccari
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 6126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Domizi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 6126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Claudia Scorcella
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 6126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Girardis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Modena University Hospital, L.go del Pozzo 71, 41100, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Giulietti
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 60126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Arianna Vignini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 60126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Erica Adrario
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 6126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Rocco Romano
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 6126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzanti
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 60126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Pelaia
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10, 6126, Torrette di Ancona, Italy
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Thews O, Vaupel P. Temporal changes in tumor oxygenation and perfusion upon normo- and hyperbaric inspiratory hyperoxia. Strahlenther Onkol 2016; 192:174-81. [PMID: 26501141 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-015-0916-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inspiratory hyperoxia under hyperbaric conditions has been shown to effectively reduce tumor hypoxia and to improve radiosensitivity. However, applying irradiation (RT) under hyperbaric conditions is technically difficult in the clinical setting since RT after decompression may be effective only if tumor pO2 remains elevated for a certain period of time. The aim of the present study was to analyze the time course of tumor oxygenation and perfusion during and after hyperbaric hyperoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor oxygenation, red blood cell (RBC) flux for perfusion monitoring, and vascular resistance were assessed continuously in experimental rat DS-sarcomas by polarographic catheter electrodes and laser Doppler flowmetry at 1 and 2 atm (bar) of environmental pressure during breathing of pure O2 or carbogen (95 % O2 + 5 % CO2). RESULTS During room air breathing, the tumor pO2 followed very rapidly within a few minutes the change of the ambient pressure during compression or decompression. With O2 breathing under hyperbaric conditions, the tumor pO2 increased more than expected based on the rise of the environmental pressure, although the time course was comparably rapid. Breathing carbogen, the tumor pO2 followed with a slight delay of the pressure change, and within 10 min after decompression the baseline values were reached again. RBC flux increased during carbogen breathing but remained almost constant with pure O2, indicating a vasodilation (decrease in vascular resistance) with carbogen but a vasoconstriction (increase in vascular resistance) with O2 during hyperbaric conditions. CONCLUSION Since the tumor pO2 directly followed the environmental pressure, teletherapy after hyperbaric conditions does not seem to be promising as the pO2 reaches baseline values again within 5-10 min after decompression.
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Yuan Z, Pan R, Liu W, Liu KJ. Extended normobaric hyperoxia therapy yields greater neuroprotection for focal transient ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Med Gas Res 2014; 4:14. [PMID: 25177481 PMCID: PMC4149308 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9912-4-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Normobaric hyperoxia (NBO) therapy is neuroprotective in acute ischemic stroke. However, how long the NBO should last to obtain optimal outcome is still unclear. Reports show that ischemic penumbra blood supply may remain compromised for a long period after ischemia-reperfusion, which would impair tissue oxygenation in ischemic penumbra. Therefore, we hypothesized that longer-lasting NBO may yield greater neuroprotection. Methods The relationship between treatment outcome and NBO duration was examined in this study. Rats were subjected to 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion for 22.5 hours. NBO started at 30 min post ischemia and lasted for 2, 4 or 8 h. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by measuring infarction volume, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Results Among 2 h, 4 h and 8 h NBO, 8 h NBO offered the greatest efficacy in reducing 24-hour infarction volume, attenuating oxidative stress that was indicated by decreased production of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and NADPH oxidase catalytic subunit gp91phox, and alleviating apoptosis that was associated with reduced production of DNA fragment and caspase-3 activity in cortex penumbra. Conclusions Under our experimental conditions, longer duration of NBO treatment produced greater benefits in focal transient cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, MSC09 5360, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA ; College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Rong Pan
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, MSC09 5360, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Wenlan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, MSC09 5360, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, MSC09 5360, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
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Tavafi M, Ahmadvand H, Tamjidipour A, Rasolian B. Effect of normobaric hyperoxia on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2014; 17:287-93. [PMID: 24904722 PMCID: PMC4046241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gentamicin sulphate (GS) nephrotoxicity seems to be related to the generation of reactive oxygen species. There is evidence that oxygen preconditioning increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty eight female rats were divided into 6 groups (n=8) as follows: group 1 was the control, group 2 received daily GS, groups 3,4 and 5 received oxygen 2 hr/day for 2 days, 4 hr/day for 2 days, 4 hr/day for 4 days, recpectively and then received daily GS, group 6 received oxygen 2 hr/day for 2 days and then received 2 hr oxygen before daily GS injection. Oxygen (with 90% purity) used at the flow rate of 4 l/min. GS administred for 8 days (100 mg/kg, IP). Tissue sections prepared from the left kidney, stained with PAS method and then studied hisopathologically and stereologically. The right kidneys were homogenized and the supernatants were prepared. Serum MDA, creatinine and urea, renal MDA, gluthatione and catalase activity were measured. The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test at the significant level of P<0.05. RESULTS Oxygen therapy significantly improves serum creatinine and urea, preserve tubular volume density, reduce tubular necrosis in groups 4 and 6 compared to group 2. Oxygen therapy significantly increases renal catalase in groups 4 and 6 compared to group 2. CONCLUSION Pretreatment with normobaric hyperoxia and daily oxygen therapy improved gentamicin nephrotoxicity possibly via inhibition of lipid peroxidation and increasing the renal catalase activity but could not restore any parameter at the same levels as control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Tavafi
- Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Khoram Abad, Iran
| | - Hasan Ahmadvand
- Razi Herbal Drugs Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoram Abad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Tamjidipour
- Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Khoram Abad, Iran
| | - Bahram Rasolian
- Department of Physiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Khoram Abad, Iran
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