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Schaller P, Caldara R, Richoz AR. Prosopagnosia does not abolish other-race effects. Neuropsychologia 2023; 180:108479. [PMID: 36623806 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Healthy observers recognize more accurately same-than other-race faces (i.e., the Same-Race Recognition Advantage - SRRA) but categorize them by race more slowly than other-race faces (i.e., the Other-Race Categorization Advantage - ORCA). Several fMRI studies reported discrepant bilateral activations in the Fusiform Face Area (FFA) and Occipital Face Area (OFA) correlating with both effects. However, due to the very nature and limits of fMRI results, whether these face-sensitive regions play an unequivocal causal role in those other-race effects remains to be clarified. To this aim, we tested PS, a well-studied pure case of acquired prosopagnosia with lesions encompassing the left FFA and the right OFA. PS, healthy age-matched and young adults performed two recognition and three categorization by race tasks, respectively using Western Caucasian and East Asian faces normalized for their low-level properties with and without-external features, as well as in naturalistic settings. As expected, PS was slower and less accurate than the controls. Crucially, however, the magnitudes of her SRRA and ORCA were comparable to the controls in all the tasks. Our data show that prosopagnosia does not abolish other-race effects, as an intact face system, the left FFA and/or right OFA are not critical for eliciting the SRRA and ORCA. Race is a strong visual and social signal that is encoded in a large neural face-sensitive network, robustly tuned for processing same-race faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Schaller
- Eye and Brain Mapping Laboratory (iBMLab), Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Caldara
- Eye and Brain Mapping Laboratory (iBMLab), Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Raphaëlle Richoz
- Eye and Brain Mapping Laboratory (iBMLab), Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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2
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Eick CM, Ambrus GG, Kovács G. Inhibition of the occipital face area modulates the electrophysiological signals of face familiarity: A combined cTBS-EEG study. Cortex 2021; 141:156-167. [PMID: 34052777 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The occipital face area (OFA) is hierarchically one of the first stages of the face processing network. It has originally been thought to be involved in early, structural processing steps, but currently more and more studies challenge this view and propose that it also takes part in higher level face processing, such as identification and recognition. Here we tested whether the OFA is involved in the initial steps of recognition memory and plays a causal role in the differential processing of familiar and unfamiliar faces. We used an offline, inhibitory continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) protocol over the right OFA and the vertex as control site. Electroencephalographic (EEG) recording of event-related potentials (ERPs), elicited by visually presented familiar (famous) and unfamiliar faces was performed before and after stimulation. We observed a difference in ERPs for famous and unfamiliar faces in a time-window corresponding to the N250 component. Importantly, this difference was significantly increased by cTBS of the right OFA, suggesting its causal role in the differential processing of familiar and unfamiliar faces. The enhancement occurred focally, at electrodes close to the right hemispheric cTBS site, as well as over similar occipito-temporal sites of the contralateral hemisphere. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing the causal role of the rOFA in the differential processing of familiar and unfamiliar faces, using combined cTBS and EEG recording methods. These results are discussed with respect to the nature of familiar face representations, supported by an extensive, bilateral network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta M Eick
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
| | - Géza G Ambrus
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - Gyula Kovács
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
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3
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Blom JD, Ter Meulen BC, Dool J, Ffytche DH. A century of prosopometamorphopsia studies. Cortex 2021; 139:298-308. [PMID: 33865569 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Prosopometamorphopsia is an extremely rare disorder of visual perception characterised by facial distortions. We here review 81 cases (eight new ones and 73 cases published over the past century) to shed light on the perception of face gestalts. Our analysis indicates that the brain systems underlying the perception of face gestalts have genuine network properties, in the sense that they are widely disseminated and built such that spatially normal perception of faces can be maintained even when large parts of the network are compromised. We found that bilateral facial distortions were primarily associated with right-sided and bilateral occipital lesions, and unilateral facial distortions with lesions ipsilateral to the distorted hemifield and with the splenium of the corpus callosum. We also found tentative evidence for the involvement of the left frontal regions in the fusing of vertical hemi-images of faces, and of right parietal regions in the fusing of horizontal hemi-images. Evidence supporting the remarkable adaptability of the network comes from the relatively high recovery rates that we found, from the ipsilateral hemifield predominance of hemi-prosopometamorphopsia, and from a phenomenon called cerebral asthenopia (heightened visual fatigability) which points to the dynamic nature of compensatory mechanisms maintaining normal face perception, even in chronic cases of prosopometamorphopsia. Finally, our analysis suggests that specialised networks for the representation of face gestalts in familiar-versus-unfamiliar faces and for own-versus-other face may be present, although this is in need of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dirk Blom
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, the Netherlands; Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Jitze Dool
- Department of Neurology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Dominic H Ffytche
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Camberwell, London, UK.
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Eick CM, Kovács G, Rostalski SM, Röhrig L, Ambrus GG. The occipital face area is causally involved in identity-related visual-semantic associations. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:1483-93. [PMID: 32342226 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Faces are processed in a network of areas within regions of the ventral visual stream. However, familiar faces typically are characterized by additional associated information, such as episodic memories or semantic biographical information as well. The acquisition of such non-sensory, identity-specific knowledge plays a crucial role in our ability to recognize and identify someone we know. The occipital face area (OFA), an early part of the core face-processing network, is recently found to be involved in the formation of identity-specific memory traces but it is currently unclear if this role is limited to unimodal visual information. The current experiments used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to test whether the OFA is involved in the association of a face with identity-specific semantic information, such as the name or job title of a person. We applied an identity-learning task where unfamiliar faces were presented together with a name and a job title in the first encoding phase. Simultaneously, TMS pulses were applied either to the left or right OFA or to Cz, as a control. In the subsequent retrieval phase, the previously seen faces were presented either with two names or with two job titles and the task of the participants was to select the semantic information previously learned. We found that the stimulation of the right or left OFA reduced subsequent retrieval performance for the face-associated job titles. This suggests a causal role of the OFA in the association of faces and related semantic information. Furthermore, in contrast to prior findings, we did not observe hemispherical differences of the TMS intervention, suggesting a similar role of the left and right OFAs in the formation of the visual-semantic associations. Our results suggest the necessity to reconsider the hierarchical face-perception models and support the distributed and recurrent models.
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5
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Shiohama T, McDavid J, Levman J, Takahashi E. The left lateral occipital cortex exhibits decreased thickness in children with sensorineural hearing loss. Int J Dev Neurosci 2019; 76:34-40. [PMID: 31173823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) tend to show language delay, executive functioning deficits, and visual cognitive impairment, even after intervention with hearing amplification and cochlear implants, which suggest altered brain structures and functions in SNHL patients. In this study, we investigated structural brain MRI in 30 children with SNHL (18 mild to moderate [M-M] SNHL and 12 moderately severe to profound [M-P] SNHL) by comparing gender- and age-matched normal controls (NC). Region-based analyses did not show statistically significant differences in volumes of the cerebrum, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and the ventricles between SNHL and NC. On surface-based analyses, the global and lobar cortical surface area, thickness, and volumes were not statistically significantly different between SNHL and NC participants. Regional surface areas, cortical thicknesses, and cortical volumes were statistically significantly smaller in M-P SNHL compared to NC in the left middle occipital cortex, and left inferior occipital cortex after a correction for multiple comparisons using random field theory (p < 0.02). These regions were identified as areas known to be related to high level visual cognition including the human middle temporal area, lateral occipital area, occipital face area, and V8. The observed regional decreased thickness in M-P SNHL may be associated with dysfunctions of visual cognition in SNHL detectable in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Shiohama
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Hospital, Inohana 1-8-1, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 2608670, Japan
| | - Jeremy McDavid
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jacob Levman
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, 2323 Notre Dame Ave, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Emi Takahashi
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Zhao Y, Zhen Z, Liu X, Song Y, Liu J. The neural network for face recognition: Insights from an fMRI study on developmental prosopagnosia. Neuroimage 2018; 169:151-61. [PMID: 29242103 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Face recognition is supported by collaborative work of multiple face-responsive regions in the brain. Based on findings from individuals with normal face recognition ability, a neural model has been proposed with the occipital face area (OFA), fusiform face area (FFA), and face-selective posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) as the core face network (CFN) and the rest of the face-responsive regions as the extended face network (EFN). However, little is known about how these regions work collaboratively for face recognition in our daily life. Here we focused on individuals suffering developmental prosopagnosia (DP), a neurodevelopmental disorder specifically impairing face recognition, to shed light on the infrastructure of the neural model of face recognition. Specifically, we used a variant of global brain connectivity method to comprehensively explore resting-state functional connectivity (FC) among face-responsive regions in a large sample of DPs (N = 64). We found that both the FCs within the CFN and those between the CFN and EFN were largely reduced in DP. Importantly, the right OFA and FFA served as the dysconnectivity hubs within the CFN, i.e., FCs concerning these two regions within the CFN were largely disrupted. In addition, DPs' right FFA also showed reduced FCs with the EFN. Moreover, these disrupted FCs were related to DP's behavioral deficit in face recognition, with the FCs from the FFA to the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and pSTS the most predictive. Based on these findings, we proposed a revised neural model of face recognition demonstrating the relatedness of interactions among face-responsive regions to face recognition.
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Zhao Y, Li J, Liu X, Song Y, Wang R, Yang Z, Liu J. Altered spontaneous neural activity in the occipital face area reflects behavioral deficits in developmental prosopagnosia. Neuropsychologia 2016; 89:344-355. [PMID: 27475965 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with developmental prosopagnosia (DP) exhibit severe difficulties in recognizing faces and to a lesser extent, also exhibit difficulties in recognizing non-face objects. We used fMRI to investigate whether these behavioral deficits could be accounted for by altered spontaneous neural activity. Two aspects of spontaneous neural activity were measured: the intensity of neural activity in a voxel indexed by the fractional amplitude of spontaneous low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), and the connectivity of a voxel to neighboring voxels indexed by regional homogeneity (ReHo). Compared with normal adults, both the fALFF and ReHo values within the right occipital face area (rOFA) were significantly reduced in DP subjects. Follow-up studies on the normal adults revealed that these two measures indicated further functional division of labor within the rOFA. The fALFF in the rOFA was positively correlated with behavioral performance in recognition of non-face objects, whereas ReHo in the rOFA was positively correlated with processing of faces. When considered together, the altered fALFF and ReHo within the same region (rOFA) may account for the comorbid deficits in both face and object recognition in DPs, whereas the functional division of labor in these two measures helps to explain the relative independency of deficits in face recognition and object recognition in DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jingguang Li
- College of Education, Dali University, Dali 671003, China
| | - Xiqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yiying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruosi Wang
- Psychology Department, Harvard University, 02138 USA
| | - Zetian Yang
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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8
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Bona S, Cattaneo Z, Silvanto J. Investigating the Causal Role of rOFA in Holistic Detection of Mooney Faces and Objects: An fMRI-guided TMS Study. Brain Stimul 2016; 9:594-600. [PMID: 27210036 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The right occipital face area (rOFA) is known to be involved in face discrimination based on local featural information. Whether this region is also involved in global, holistic stimulus processing is not known. OBJECTIVE We used fMRI-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate whether rOFA is causally implicated in stimulus detection based on holistic processing, by the use of Mooney stimuli. METHODS Two studies were carried out: In Experiment 1, participants performed a detection task involving Mooney faces and Mooney objects; Mooney stimuli lack distinguishable local features and can be detected solely via holistic processing (i.e. at a global level) with top-down guidance from previously stored representations. Experiment 2 required participants to detect shapes which are recognized via bottom-up integration of local (collinear) Gabor elements and was performed to control for specificity of rOFA's implication in holistic detection. RESULTS In Experiment 1, TMS over rOFA and rLO impaired detection of all stimulus categories, with no category-specific effect. In Experiment 2, shape detection was impaired when TMS was applied over rLO but not over rOFA. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that rOFA is causally implicated in the type of top-down holistic detection required by Mooney stimuli and that such role is not face-selective. In contrast, rOFA does not appear to play a causal role in detection of shapes based on bottom-up integration of local components, demonstrating that its involvement in processing non-face stimuli is specific for holistic processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bona
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, 00076 Espoo, Finland; Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto Neuroimaging, OV Lounasmaa Laboratory, School of Science, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zaira Cattaneo
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; Brain Connectivity Center, National Neurological Institute C. Mondino, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Juha Silvanto
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 309 Regent Street, W1B 2HW London, UK.
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Li J, Dong M, Ren A, Ren J, Zhang J, Huang L. Structural attributes of the temporal lobe predict face recognition ability in youth. Neuropsychologia 2016; 84:1-6. [PMID: 26802942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The face recognition ability varies across individuals. However, it remains elusive how brain anatomical structure is related to the face recognition ability in healthy subjects. In this study, we adopted voxel-based morphometry analysis and machine learning approach to investigate the neural basis of individual face recognition ability using anatomical magnetic resonance imaging. We demonstrated that the gray matter volume (GMV) of the right ventral anterior temporal lobe (vATL), an area sensitive to face identity, is significant positively correlated with the subject's face recognition ability which was measured by the Cambridge face memory test (CFMT) score. Furthermore, the predictive model established by the balanced cross-validation combined with linear regression method revealed that the right vATL GMV can predict subjects' face ability. However, the subjects' Cambridge face memory test scores cannot be predicted by the GMV of the face processing network core brain regions including the right occipital face area (OFA) and the right face fusion area (FFA). Our results suggest that the right vATL may play an important role in face recognition and might provide insight into the neural mechanisms underlying face recognition deficits in patients with pathophysiological conditions such as prosopagnosia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Minghao Dong
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Aifeng Ren
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Junchan Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Liyu Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China.
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10
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Kadipasaoglu CM, Baboyan VG, Conner CR, Chen G, Saad ZS, Tandon N. Surface-based mixed effects multilevel analysis of grouped human electrocorticography. Neuroimage 2014; 101:215-24. [PMID: 25019677 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrocorticography (ECoG) in humans yields data with unmatched spatio-temporal resolution that provides novel insights into cognitive operations. However, the broader application of ECoG has been confounded by difficulties in accurately depicting individual data and performing statistically valid population-level analyses. To overcome these limitations, we developed methods for accurately registering ECoG data to individual cortical topology. We integrated this technique with surface-based co-registration and a mixed-effects multilevel analysis (MEMA) to control for variable cortical surface anatomy and sparse coverage across patients, as well as intra- and inter-subject variability. We applied this surface-based MEMA (SB-MEMA) technique to a face-recognition task dataset (n=22). Compared against existing techniques, SB-MEMA yielded results much more consistent with individual data and with meta-analyses of face-specific activation studies. We anticipate that SB-MEMA will greatly expand the role of ECoG in studies of human cognition, and will enable the generation of population-level brain activity maps and accurate multimodal comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kadipasaoglu
- Vivian Smith Department of Neurosurgery, Univ. of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Suite G.550D, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - V G Baboyan
- Vivian Smith Department of Neurosurgery, Univ. of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Suite G.550D, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - C R Conner
- Vivian Smith Department of Neurosurgery, Univ. of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Suite G.550D, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - G Chen
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Z S Saad
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - N Tandon
- Vivian Smith Department of Neurosurgery, Univ. of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Suite G.550D, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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11
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Ahs F, Engman J, Persson J, Larsson EM, Wikström J, Kumlien E, Fredrikson M. Medial temporal lobe resection attenuates superior temporal sulcus response to faces. Neuropsychologia 2014; 61:291-8. [PMID: 25003207 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Face perception depends on activation of a core face processing network including the fusiform face area, the occipital face area and the superior temporal sulcus (STS). The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is also involved in decoding facial expression and damage to the anterior MTL, including the amygdala, generally interferes with emotion recognition. The impairment in emotion recognition following anterior MTL injury can be a direct result from injured MTL circuitry, as well as an indirect result from decreased MTL modulation of areas in the core face network. To test whether the MTL modulates activity in the core face network, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate activation in the core face processing network in patients with right or left anterior temporal lobe resections (ATR) due to intractable epilepsy. We found reductions of face-related activation in the right STS after both right and left ATR together with impaired recognition of facial expressions. Reduced activity in the fusiform and the occipital face areas was also observed in patients after right ATR suggesting widespread effects on activity in the core face network in this group. The reduction in face-related STS activity after both right and left ATR suggests that MTL modulation of the STS may facilitate recognition of facial expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Ahs
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Engman
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Persson
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elna-Marie Larsson
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Wikström
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Kumlien
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Fredrikson
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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12
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Jonas J, Rossion B, Krieg J, Koessler L, Colnat-Coulbois S, Vespignani H, Jacques C, Vignal JP, Brissart H, Maillard L. Intracerebral electrical stimulation of a face-selective area in the right inferior occipital cortex impairs individual face discrimination. Neuroimage 2014; 99:487-97. [PMID: 24936686 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
During intracerebral stimulation of the right inferior occipital cortex, a patient with refractory epilepsy was transiently impaired at discriminating two simultaneously presented photographs of unfamiliar faces. The critical electrode contact was located in the most posterior face-selective brain area of the human brain (right "occipital face area", rOFA) as shown both by low- (ERP) and high-frequency (gamma) electrophysiological responses as well as a face localizer in fMRI. At this electrode contact, periodic visual presentation of 6 different faces by second evoked a larger electrophysiological periodic response at 6 Hz than when the same face identity was repeated at the same rate. This intracerebral EEG repetition suppression effect was markedly reduced when face stimuli were presented upside-down, a manipulation that impairs individual face discrimination. These findings provide original evidence for a causal relationship between the face-selective right inferior occipital cortex and individual face discrimination, independently of long-term memory representations. More generally, they support the functional value of electrophysiological repetition suppression effects, indicating that these effects can be used as an index of a necessary neural representation of the changing stimulus property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Jonas
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000 Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université Catholique de Louvain, 10 Place du Cardinal Mercier, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Bruno Rossion
- Université Catholique de Louvain, 10 Place du Cardinal Mercier, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Julien Krieg
- Université de Lorraine, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Koessler
- Université de Lorraine, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sophie Colnat-Coulbois
- Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Hervé Vespignani
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000 Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Corentin Jacques
- Université Catholique de Louvain, 10 Place du Cardinal Mercier, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Vignal
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000 Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Hélène Brissart
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Louis Maillard
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 54000 Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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