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Sartore S, Moretti R, Piras LA, Longo M, Chessa S, Sacchi P. Osteochondrodysplasia and the c.1024G>T variant of TRPV4 gene in Scottish Fold cats: genetic and radiographic evaluation. J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X231211763. [PMID: 38055304 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x231211763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate the c.1024G>T SNP in the TRPV4 gene in Scottish Straight and Fold cats, and to evaluate the pattern of skeletal phenotype and the evolution of radiological signs of Scottish Fold osteochondrodysplasia (SFOCD) over time in heterozygous subjects. METHODS DNA was obtained from blood samples of 17 cats (Scottish Fold: n = 12; Scottish Straight: n = 5) and subsequently genotyped by sequencing in a 249 bp region of the TRPV4 gene (exon 6), including the known c.1024G>T causative mutation for osteochondrodysplasia. Orthopaedic and radiographic analyses were performed on animals carrying the mutant allele. RESULTS Genotyping by sequencing confirmed that all and only the Scottish Fold cats carried the mutant allele in a heterozygous asset. Furthermore, two other exon variants, already described in the literature as silent variants, were found in some of the sampled cats. Comparative orthogonal radiographic views of the shoulder, elbow, carpus, hip, stifle and tarsus were obtained. A mediolateral projection of the thoracic and lumbar column was also performed. Three out of four cats were clinically and radiographically examined again 1.5 years later. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Although the presence of the mutant allele in all the tested Scottish Fold cats was confirmed, only 1/12 showed clinical signs of SFOCD. Furthermore, no cats in the 1.5-year follow-up showed skeletal changes. Although significant, the c.1024G>T mutation in the TRPV4 gene, supposedly, is not the only cause or risk of developing SFOCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sartore
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Lisa Adele Piras
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Longo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Stefania Chessa
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Sacchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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Kolambage YD, Walpita YN, Liyanage UA, Dayaratne BMKDR, Dissanayake VHW. The burden of hospital admissions for skeletal dysplasias in Sri Lanka: a population-based study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:279. [PMID: 37684696 PMCID: PMC10485930 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal dysplasias are a diverse group of rare disorders in the chondro-osseous tissue that can have a significant impact on patient's functionality. The worldwide prevalence of skeletal dysplasias at birth is approximately 1:5000 births. To date, disease burden and trends of skeletal dysplasias in the Sri Lankan population have not been described in any epidemiological study. Our aim was to evaluate the burden and the current trends in hospital admissions for skeletal dysplasias in the Sri Lankan population. A retrospective evaluation of hospital admissions for skeletal dysplasia during 2017-2020 was performed using population-based data from the eIMMR database which covers government hospitals in the entire country. The trends in hospital admissions for skeletal dysplasias by calendar year, age, and types of skeletal dysplasia were described using appropriate summary statistics. RESULTS Respective crude admission rates of skeletal dysplasias in the years 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 were 5.2, 8.1, 8.0, and 6.5 per million population. A female predominance (1.4:1) was noted during the studied period. Of all reported cases the majority (n = 268; 44.2%) were children less than 4 years. Each year, 0-4 years age group represented 40-47% of the total hospital admissions. More than half of the cases were reported from Colombo (28.1%) and Kandy (25.4%) districts combined. 60% of cases were diagnosed as osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Rising trends were observed in the hospital admissions for osteogenesis imperfecta, achondroplasia and osteopetrosis, while other skeletal dysplasia types collectively showed a relatively stable trend. CONCLUSION This preliminary study revealed a female predominance of skeletal dysplasias and a relatively high admission rate of osteogenesis imperfecta in the Sri Lankan population. A distinct trend was not visible in the studied years probably due to the impact on hospital services due to COVID- Pandemic. Future research on the healthcare burden on families affected by skeletal dysplasia is required to better understand the overall cost of care and identify therapies that reduce admission rates. This study highlights the value of analysing population-based data on rare diseases to improve healthcare in low-resource countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasas D Kolambage
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Ratnapura, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Anatomy, Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Yasaswi N Walpita
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Udari A Liyanage
- Department of Anatomy, Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Vajira H W Dissanayake
- Department of Anatomy, Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Frigola G, Del Rincón OG, Florián VB, Fita AV, Campos B, Pauta M, Puimedon MS, Oliva R, Borrell A, Nadal A. Histopathology of recurrent Steel syndrome in fetuses caused by novel variants of COL27A1 gene. Virchows Arch 2021; 479:413-8. [PMID: 33411029 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Steel syndrome (STLS) encompasses characteristic facies, dwarfness, irreducible bilateral hip and radial head dislocation, and carpal bone coalition due to COL27A1 mutations. Two consecutive pregnancies in a non-consanguineous couple were terminated because of severe fetal anomalies. Complete autopsies with microscopic exam were performed on both fetuses. Next-generation-based clinical exome sequencing was applied to the first fetus. Exome sequencing results, parental segregation, and affection of the second fetus were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Both fetuses had signs consistent with STLS. Bilateral capitulum humeri absence explained radial head dislocation in STLS. Metaphyseal cartilage showed severe disorganization. Resting cartilage was hypercellular, organized in irregular nests limited by acellular matrix. Two variants in COL27A1 (c.2548G>A -p.Gly850Arg- and c.3249+1G> T) were found in both fetuses in compound heterozygosity with parental Mendelian segregation. This is the first report to include histology of STLS. The COL27A1 variants here described increase the number of mutations associated with STLS.
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Ferrer A, Starosta RT, Ranatunga W, Ungar D, Kozicz T, Klee E, Rust LM, Wick M, Morava E. Fetal glycosylation defect due to ALG3 and COG5 variants detected via amniocentesis: Complex glycosylation defect with embryonic lethal phenotype. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 131:424-429. [PMID: 33187827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are inborn errors of glycan metabolism with high clinical variability. Only a few antenatal cases have been described with CDG. Due to a lack of reliable biomarker, prenatal CDG diagnostics relies primarily on molecular studies. In the presence of variants of uncertain significance prenatal glycosylation studies are very challenging. CASE REPORT A consanguineous couple had a history of second-trimester fetal demise with tetralogy of Fallot and skeletal dysplasia. In the consecutive pregnancy, the second trimester ultrasonography showed skeletal dysplasia, vermian hypoplasia, congenital heart defects, omphalocele and dysmorphic features. Prenatal chromosomal microarray revealed a large region of loss of heterozygosity. Demise occurred at 30 weeks. Fetal whole exome sequencing showed a novel homozygous likely pathogenic variant in ALG3 and a variant of uncertain significance in COG5. METHODS Western blot was used to quantify ALG3, COG5, COG6, and the glycosylation markers ICAM-1 and LAMP2. RT-qPCR was used for ALG3 and COG5 expression in cultured amniocytes and compared to age matched controls. RESULTS ALG3 and COG5 mRNA levels were normal. ICAM-1, LAMP2, ALG3 and COG5 levels were decreased in cultured amniocytes, suggesting the possible involvement of both genes in the complex phenotype. CONCLUSION This is the first case of successful use of glycosylated biomarkers in amniocytes, providing further options of functional antenatal testing in CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ferrer
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rodrigo Tzovenos Starosta
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Dani Ungar
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eric Klee
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laura M Rust
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Myra Wick
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eva Morava
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Kaplan FS, Al Mukaddam M, Stanley A, Towler OW, Shore EM. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP): A disorder of osteochondrogenesis. Bone 2020; 140:115539. [PMID: 32730934 PMCID: PMC7502483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultra-rare genetic disorder of extraskeletal bone formation, but could appropriately be viewed as a seminal disorder of osteochondrogenesis. Many, if not most, of the musculoskeletal features of FOP are related to dysregulated chondrogenesis including abnormal articular cartilage formation, abnormal diarthrodial joint specification, growth plate dysplasia, osteochondroma formation, heterotopic endochondral ossification (HEO), and precocious arthropathy. In FOP, causative activating mutations of Activin receptor A type I (ACVR1), a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptor, are responsible for the osteochondrodysplasia that impacts developmental phenotypes as well as postnatal features of this illustrative disorder. Here, we highlight the myriad developmental and postnatal effects on osteochondrogenesis that emanate directly from mutant ACVR1 and dysregulated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick S Kaplan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Center for Research in FOP & Related Disorders, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Mona Al Mukaddam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Center for Research in FOP & Related Disorders, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Alexandra Stanley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Center for Research in FOP & Related Disorders, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - O Will Towler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Center for Research in FOP & Related Disorders, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Eileen M Shore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Center for Research in FOP & Related Disorders, The Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Oh CH, Lee CH, Kim SY, Lee SY, Jun HH, Lee S. A family of Melnick-Needles syndrome: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:391. [PMID: 32814550 PMCID: PMC7436951 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS) is an extremely rare osteochondrodysplasia caused by a mutation of FLNA, the gene encoding filamin A. MNS is inherited in an X-linked dominant manner. In this study, we describe three members of the same family with MNS, who exhibited different phenotypic severity despite having an identical FLNA gene mutation. CASE PRESENTATION The patient was 16 months old, with a history of delayed physical development, multiple upper respiratory infections and otitis media episodes. She was referred to our orthopedic clinic because of bowed legs and an abnormal plain chest radiograph. Both upper and lower extremities were bowed. Plain X-rays showed thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis, with anterior and posterior vertebral scalloping, and thin, wavy ribs. Hypoplasia of the pubis and ischium, with bilateral coxa valga, were also noted. Target exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous mutation of FLNA, c.3578 T > C, p.Lys1193Pro, which confirmed the diagnosis of MNS. Her older sister and mother had minimal deformities of the axial and extremity skeleton, but genetic analyses revealed the same FLNA mutation as the patient. The mutation identified in this family has not been previously reported. CONCLUSION This report illustrates the potential inherited nature of MNS and the phenotypic variability of clinicoradiologic characteristics. In patients with traits suggestive of MNS, a careful medical and family history should be obtained, and genetic testing should be performed for the patient, as well as all family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hoon Oh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Hoon Jun
- Department of Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonchul Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Al-Sinani S, Al-Yaarubi S, Sharef SW, Al-Murshedi F, Al-Maamari W. Novel mutation in wolcott-rallison syndrome with variable expression in two omani siblings. Oman Med J 2015; 30:138-41. [PMID: 25960841 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2015.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS) is an autosomal recessive disease, characterized by neonatal or early-onset non-autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes. WRS, although rare, is recognized to be the most frequent cause of neonatal-onset diabetes. The majority of reported patients are from consanguineous families. Several mutations with variable expression of the syndrome are reported. Here we describe a six-year-old boy with WRS who was evaluated at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and was found to have a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in the EIF2AK3 gene. His younger sister also had WRS but with milder expression. The mutation exhibited different clinical characteristics in the siblings proving that WRS patients phenotypic variability correlates poorly to genotype. This is the first case report of two Omani children with WRS and a report of a novel mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Al-Sinani
- Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Saif Al-Yaarubi
- Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | | | - Watfa Al-Maamari
- Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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