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Tóvári J, Vári-Mező D, Surguta SE, Ladányi A, Kigyós A, Cserepes M. Evolving Acquired Vemurafenib Resistance in a BRAF V600E Mutant Melanoma PDTX Model to Reveal New Potential Targets. Cells 2023; 12:1919. [PMID: 37508582 PMCID: PMC10377807 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is challenging to treat, and metastatic cases need chemotherapy strategies. Targeted inhibition of commonly mutant BRAF V600E by inhibitors is efficient but eventually leads to resistance and progression in the vast majority of cases. Numerous studies investigated the mechanisms of resistance in melanoma cell lines, and an increasing number of in vivo or clinical data are accumulating. In most cases, bypassing BRAF and resulting reactivation of the MAPK signaling, as well as alternative PI3K-AKT signaling activation are reported. However, several unique changes were also shown. We developed and used a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model to screen resistance evolution in mice in vivo, maintaining tumor heterogeneity. Our results showed no substantial activation of the canonical pathways; however, RNAseq and qPCR data revealed several altered genes, such as GPR39, CD27, SLC15A3, IFI27, PDGFA, and ABCB1. Surprisingly, p53 activity, leading to apoptotic cell death, was unchanged. The found biomarkers can confer resistance in a subset of melanoma patients via immune modulation, microenvironment changes, or drug elimination. Our resistance model can be further used in testing specific inhibitors that could be used in future drug development, and combination therapy testing that can overcome inhibitor resistance in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Tóvári
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diána Vári-Mező
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sára Eszter Surguta
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Ladányi
- National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Mihály Cserepes
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
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Hong SS, Lee S, Lee SH, Kim S, Kim D, Park H, Lee J, Lee JH, Kang CM. Anticancer effect of locally applicable aptamer-conjugated gemcitabine-loaded atelocollagen patch in pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenograft models. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1752-1762. [PMID: 35243724 PMCID: PMC9128157 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the anticancer effect of the aptamer-conjugated gemcitabine-loaded atelocollagen patch in a pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model to propose a future potential adjuvant surgical strategy during curative pancreatic resection for pancreatic cancer. A pancreatic cancer PDX model was established. Animals were grouped randomly into a no-treatment control group; treatment group treated with intraperitoneal gemcitabine injection (IP-GEM) or aptamer-conjugated gemcitabine (APT:GEM); and transplant with three kinds of patches: atelocollagen-aptamer-gemcitabine (patch I), atelocollagen-inactive aptamer-gemcitabine (patch II), and atelocollagen-gemcitabine (patch III). Tumor volumes and response were evaluated based on histological analysis by H&E staining and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed. Anticancer therapy-related toxicity was evaluated by hematologic findings. The patch I group showed the most significant reduction of tumor growth rate, compared with the no-treatment group (p < 0.05). However, other treatment groups were not found to show significant reduction in tumor growth rate (0.05 < p < 0.1). There was no microscopic evidence suggesting potential toxicity, such as inflammation, nor necrotic changes in liver, lung, kidney, and spleen tissue. In addition, no leukopenia, anemia, or neutropenia was observed in the patch I group. This implantable aptamer-drug conjugate system is thought to be a new surgical strategy to augment the oncologic significance of margin-negative resection in treating pancreatic cancer in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Soo Hong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer CenterYonsei Cancer CenterSeverance HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Sena Lee
- INTEROligo CorporationDongan‐guAnyang‐si, Gyeonggi‐doKorea
| | - Sung Hwan Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and PancreasDepartment of SurgeryCHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnamKorea
| | - Seonhowa Kim
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer CenterYonsei Cancer CenterSeverance HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Doyoung Kim
- INTEROligo CorporationDongan‐guAnyang‐si, Gyeonggi‐doKorea
| | - Hanseul Park
- INTEROligo CorporationDongan‐guAnyang‐si, Gyeonggi‐doKorea
| | - Jongook Lee
- INTEROligo CorporationDongan‐guAnyang‐si, Gyeonggi‐doKorea
| | - Jung Hwan Lee
- INTEROligo CorporationDongan‐guAnyang‐si, Gyeonggi‐doKorea
| | - Chang Moo Kang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer CenterYonsei Cancer CenterSeverance HospitalSeoulKorea
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Cacciapuoti MT, Cappelli LV, Fiore D, Toruno P, Kayembe C, Tam W, Inghirami G. In Vivo and Ex Vivo Patient-Derived Tumor Xenograft Models of Lymphoma for Drug Discovery. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e96. [PMID: 33861502 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the hemato-oncology field, remarkable scientific progress has been achieved, primarily propelled by the discovery of new technologies, improvement in genomics, and novel in vitro and in vivo models. The establishment of multiple cell line collections and the development of instrumental mouse models enhanced our ability to discover effective therapeutics. However, cancer models that faithfully mimic individual cancers are still imperfect. Patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDTXs) have emerged as a powerful tool for identifying the mechanisms which drive tumorigenesis and for testing potential therapeutic interventions. The recognition that PDTXs can maintain many of the donor samples' properties enabled the development of new strategies for discovering and implementing therapies. Described in this article are protocols for the generation and characterization of lymphoma PDTXs that may be used as the basis of shared procedures. Universal protocols will foster the model utilization, enable the integration of public and private repositories, and aid in the development of shared platforms. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Tissue handling and cryopreservation of primary and PDTX samples Basic Protocol 2: Performing tumor implant in immunocompromised mice PDTX models Alternate Protocol 1: Intra-medullary femoral injection Alternate Protocol 2: Intravenous injection Alternate Protocol 3: Intraperitoneal injection Support Protocol 1: Phenotypical characterization of PDTXs by flow cytometry Support Protocol 2: Biological and molecular characterization of PDTX tumors by PCR detection of IGK, IGH, and TCR rearrangements Basic Protocol 3: Harvesting PDTX-derived tumor cells for ex vivo experiments Basic Protocol 4: In vivo testing of multiple compounds in a PDTX mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Vincenzo Cappelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Fiore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Pedro Toruno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Clarisse Kayembe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Wayne Tam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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Liu Y, Zhu YP, Cai MZ, Ke B, Li B, Liu N, Xue Q, Zhan HJ, Deng JY, Zhang L, Hao YP, Wang ZQ, Wang L, Liang H. A Preliminary Study on the Establishment of the PDTX Model. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:1969-1979. [PMID: 32256107 PMCID: PMC7096243 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s230668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The current study aims to explore the establishment of the patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model. Materials and Methods Twenty patients with gastric cancer, 10 males and 10 females, were enrolled in the current study. Firstly, the volume, invasion and metastasis of the xenografts were observed. Subsequently, the correlation between tumor tissues of the PDTX mouse model and the patients' primary tumor tissues was evaluated by pathological H&E staining and immunohistochemistry. Results The results showed that the PDTX models corresponding to 15 of the 20 patients were successfully established, and the success rate of PDTX model establishment was 75%. Furthermore, the PDTX models maintained the differentiation degree, morphological characteristics and structural characteristics of tumor cells. Conclusion A PDTX model can be used as a substitute for cancer patients in clinical practice and may be suitable for clinical pharmacodynamic screening and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhu
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Zhi Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jie Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yu Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Peng Hao
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
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5
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Yang X, Meng G. Establishment of a non-small-cell lung cancer-liver metastasis patient-derived tumor xenograft model for the evaluation of patient-tailored chemotherapy. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182082. [PMID: 31221816 PMCID: PMC6609754 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to optimize patient-tailored chemotherapy, a non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-liver metastasis patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model is developed. Computed tomography (CT)-guided NSCLC percutaneous biopsy was subcutaneously inoculated into the flank of non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) female mice (PDTX F1) and allowed to reach 500 mm3 volume. Then, the tumors were re-transplanted into Balb/c nude mice and liver metastasis was confirmed (PDTX F2), which were further assigned into doxorubicin (DOX), docetaxel (DTX), and non-treatment control group. H&E staining and Keratin 20 (CK20) staining were applied to determine the consistency of PDTX models and primary tumors. Tumor growth curve, body weight, and the expression of p65 nuclear factor (NF)-κB and the secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ were investigated. The successive transplant procedure can induce the NSCLC-liver metastasis PDTX model, and morphological and structural characteristics of PDTX models (F2) were in accordance with primary tumors. DOX and DTX could delay tumor growth, activate the NF-κB pathway, and promote IFN-γ secretion in the PDTX models. The NSCLC-liver metastasis PDTX model is established and provides a powerful mean to assess chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Gaopei Meng
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
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6
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Yang W, Fan WS, Ye MX, Li Z, Gu CL, Zhu YP, Hao YP, Wang ZQ, Wang L, Meng YG. Establishment of the PDTX model of gynecological tumors. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:3779-3789. [PMID: 31312388 PMCID: PMC6614644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fresh tumor tissues from patients with gynecological tumors were obtained by surgery or biopsy, and transplanted into NOD-Prkdcem26ll2rgem26Nju (NCG) mice to establish a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 15 patients with gynecologic tumors were enrolled into the present study. Among these patients, 12 patients had epithelial fallopian tube/ovarian/peritoneal cancer, one patient had metastatic ovarian cancer, and two patients had cervical cancer. Furthermore, among these patients, three patients were treated with puncture or microscopy biopsy, six patients underwent laparoscopic surgery, and six patients underwent robotic surgery. The tumor formation latency, tumor formation rate, tumor volume, tumor invasion and metastasis of the transplanted tumor were observed, the consistency of the PDTX model tumor tissue and patient's primary tumor tissue was compared by pathological H&E staining, and pharmacodynamics testing was performed. RESULTS Seven of 15 PDTX models were successfully established, with a success rate of 46.7%. The tumor formation time ranged within 21-130 days, with a median tumor formation time of 73 days. The PDTX model maintained the differentiation, morphological and structural characteristics of tumor cells, and the pharmacodynamic test was completed in five patients. CONCLUSION The PDTX model is highly consistent with the pathology of the patient's tumor, and can be used as a substitute for clinical patients to guide the accurate treatment and scientific research of gynecological tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ming-Xia Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Cheng-Lei Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhu
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biological Technology Co. Ltd.568 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Peng Hao
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biological Technology Co. Ltd.568 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biological Technology Co. Ltd.568 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biological Technology Co. Ltd.568 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Guang Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
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7
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Circosta P, Elia AR, Landra I, Machiorlatti R, Todaro M, Aliberti S, Brusa D, Deaglio S, Chiaretti S, Bruna R, Gottardi D, Massaia M, Giacomo FD, Guarini AR, Foà R, Kyriakides PW, Bareja R, Elemento O, Chichili GR, Monteleone E, Moore PA, Johnson S, Bonvini E, Cignetti A, Inghirami G. Tailoring CD19xCD3-DART exposure enhances T-cells to eradication of B-cell neoplasms. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1341032. [PMID: 29632712 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1341032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many patients with B-cell malignancies can be successfully treated, although tumor eradication is rarely achieved. T-cell-directed killing of tumor cells using engineered T-cells or bispecific antibodies is a promising approach for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. We investigated the efficacy of CD19xCD3 DART bispecific antibody in a broad panel of human primary B-cell malignancies. The CD19xCD3 DART identified 2 distinct subsets of patients, in which the neoplastic lymphocytes were eliminated with rapid or slow kinetics. Delayed responses were always overcome by a prolonged or repeated DART exposure. Both CD4 and CD8 effector cytotoxic cells were generated, and DART-mediated killing of CD4+ cells into cytotoxic effectors required the presence of CD8+ cells. Serial exposures to DART led to the exponential expansion of CD4 + and CD8 + cells and to the sequential ablation of neoplastic cells in absence of a PD-L1-mediated exhaustion. Lastly, patient-derived neoplastic B-cells (B-Acute Lymphoblast Leukemia and Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma) could be proficiently eradicated in a xenograft mouse model by DART-armed cytokine induced killer (CIK) cells. Collectively, patient tailored DART exposures can result in the effective elimination of CD19 positive leukemia and B-cell lymphoma and the association of bispecific antibodies with unmatched CIK cells represents an effective modality for the treatment of CD19 positive leukemia/lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Circosta
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Rita Elia
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Indira Landra
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Machiorlatti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Todaro
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sabrina Aliberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Brusa
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Facility, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Facility, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Sabina Chiaretti
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bruna
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Torino, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Gottardi
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Torino, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Massaia
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Torino, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Filomena Di Giacomo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Guarini
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Robin Foà
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter W Kyriakides
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York, USA[2] Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York, USA[2] Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Emanuele Monteleone
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paul A Moore
- MacroGenics Inc., 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Syd Johnson
- MacroGenics Inc., 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ezio Bonvini
- MacroGenics Inc., 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Torino, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, NYU Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Quackenbush KS, Bagby S, Tai WM, Messersmith WA, Schreiber A, Greene J, Kim J, Wang G, Purkey A, Pitts TM, Nguyen A, Gao D, Blatchford P, Capasso A, Schuller AG, Eckhardt SG, Arcaroli JJ. The novel tankyrase inhibitor (AZ1366) enhances irinotecan activity in tumors that exhibit elevated tankyrase and irinotecan resistance. Oncotarget 2016; 7:28273-85. [PMID: 27070088 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway has been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) development as well as incipient stages of malignant transformation. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects of AZ1366 (a novel tankyrase inhibitor) as a single agent and in combination with irinotecan in our patient derived CRC explant xenograft models. RESULTS Six out of 18 CRC explants displayed a significant growth reduction to AZ1366. There was one CRC explant (CRC040) that reached the threshold of sensitivity (TGII ≤ 20%) in this study. In addition, the combination of AZ1366 + irinotecan demonstrated efficacy in 4 out of 18 CRC explants. Treatment effects on the WNT pathway revealed that tankyrase inhibition was ineffective at reducing WNT dependent signaling. However, the anti-tumor effects observed in this study were likely a result of alternative tankyrase effects whereby tankyrase inhibition reduced NuMA levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen CRC explants were treated with AZ1366 single agent or in combination for 28 days and treatment responses were assessed. Pharmacokinetic (AZ1366 drug concentrations) and pharmacodynamic effects (Axin2 levels) were investigated over 48 hours. Immunohistochemistry of nuclear β-catenin levels as well as western blot was employed to examine the treatment effects on the WNT pathway as well as NuMA. CONCLUSIONS Combination AZ1366 and irinotecan achieved greater anti-tumor effects compared to monotherapy. Activity was limited to CRC explants that displayed irinotecan resistance and increased protein levels of tankyrase and NuMA.
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Greene J, Nguyen A, Bagby SM, Jones GN, Tai WM, Quackenbush KS, Schreiber A, Messersmith WA, Devaraj KM, Blatchford P, Eckhardt SG, Cadogan EB, Hughes GD, Smith A, Pitts TM, Arcaroli JJ. The novel ATM inhibitor (AZ31) enhances antitumor activity in patient derived xenografts that are resistant to irinotecan monotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110904-110913. [PMID: 29340025 PMCID: PMC5762293 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan, a standard of care therapy for CRC, elicits cytotoxic effects by generating double strand breaks resulting in DNA damage. The activation of the ATM pathway plays a fundamental role in regulating the cellular response and repair to DNA damage. The objective of this preclinical study was to determine whether ATM inhibition would enhance sensitivity to irinotecan treatment. Treatment effects of AZ31, irinotecan or AZ31 + irinotecan were investigated in CRC cell lines and CRC patient derived xenografts. Activation of ATM and downstream targets p-RAD50 and p-H2AX were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Combinational effects were demonstrated in 4 out of 8 CRC explants. Interestingly, each of the combinational sensitive CRC PDX models were shown to be more resistant to irinotecan single agent therapy. Treatment with irinotecan significantly elevated the ATM pathway evident by an increase in the activation of H2AX and RAD50. Combinational therapy reduced the activation of H2AX and RAD50 when compared to irinotecan alone in the combination sensitive CRC098. AZ31 + irinotecan was effective at reducing tumor growth in tumors that exhibited resistance to irinotecan in our CRC PDX model. These findings support further investigation of this combinational therapy for the treatment of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Greene
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anna Nguyen
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stacey M Bagby
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gemma N Jones
- Innovative Medicines and Early Development, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - W M Tai
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA.,Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin S Quackenbush
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anna Schreiber
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wells A Messersmith
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kalpana M Devaraj
- Pathology Department, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Patrick Blatchford
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - S Gail Eckhardt
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elaine B Cadogan
- Innovative Medicines and Early Development, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gareth D Hughes
- Innovative Medicines and Early Development, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aaron Smith
- Innovative Medicines and Early Development, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Todd M Pitts
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John J Arcaroli
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
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10
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Malaney P, Nicosia SV, Davé V. One mouse, one patient paradigm: New avatars of personalized cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2013; 344:1-12. [PMID: 24157811 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, study of cancer in mouse models has gained popularity. Sophisticated genetic manipulation technologies and commercialization of these murine systems have made it possible to generate mice to study human disease. Given the large socio-economic burden of cancer, both on academic research and the health care industry, there is a need for in vivo animal cancer models that can provide a rationale that is translatable to the clinic. Such a bench-to-bedside transition will facilitate a long term robust strategy that is economically feasible and clinically effective to manage cancer. The major hurdles in considering mouse models as a translational platform are the lack of tumor heterogeneity and genetic diversity, which are a hallmark of human cancers. The present review, while critical of these pitfalls, discusses two newly emerging concepts of personalized mouse models called "Mouse Avatars" and Co-clinical Trials. Development of "Mouse Avatars" entails implantation of patient tumor samples in mice for subsequent use in drug efficacy studies. These avatars allow for each patient to have their own tumor growing in an in vivo system, thereby allowing the identification of a personalized therapeutic regimen, eliminating the cost and toxicity associated with non-targeted chemotherapeutic measures. In Co-clinical Trials, genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) are used to guide therapy in an ongoing human patient trial. Murine and patient trials are conducted concurrently, and information obtained from the murine system is applied towards future clinical management of the patient's tumor. The concurrent trials allow for a real-time integration of the murine and human tumor data. In combination with several molecular profiling techniques, the "Mouse Avatar" and Co-clinical Trial concepts have the potential to revolutionize the drug development and health care process. The present review outlines the current status, challenges and the future potential of these two new in vivo approaches in the field of personalized oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Malaney
- Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Santo V Nicosia
- Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Vrushank Davé
- Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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