1
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Griffin M, Eikema DJ, Verheggen I, Kulagin A, Tjon JML, Fattizzo B, Ingram W, Zaidi U, Desnica L, Giammarco S, Drozd-Sokolowska J, Xicoy B, Patriarca A, Loschi M, Szmigielska-Kaplon A, Beier F, Cignetti A, Drexler B, Gavriilaki E, Lanza F, Orvain C, Risitano AM, De la Camara R, De Latour RP. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in 361 non-transplanted patients with aplastic anemia and/or paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Haematologica 2024; 109:283-286. [PMID: 37584297 PMCID: PMC10772488 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexander Kulagin
- RM Gorbacheva Research Institute, Pavlov University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | | | - Bruno Fattizzo
- SC Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | | | - Uzma Zaidi
- National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi
| | | | - Sabrina Giammarco
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome
| | | | - Blanca Xicoy
- Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol; Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona
| | - Andrea Patriarca
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità and translational medicine department University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara
| | | | | | - Fabian Beier
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Lanza
- Metropolitan Transplant Network, Hospital Santa Maria delle Croci, Ravenna, Italy 21: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers
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2
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Ocadlikova D, Lussana F, Fracchiolla N, Bonifacio M, Santoro L, Delia M, Chiaretti S, Pasciolla C, Cignetti A, Forghieri F, Grimaldi F, Corradi G, Zannoni L, De Propris S, Borleri GM, Tanasi I, Vadakekolathu J, Rutella S, Guarini AR, Foà R, Curti A. Blinatumomab differentially modulates peripheral blood and bone marrow immune cell repertoire: A Campus ALL study. Br J Haematol 2023; 203:637-650. [PMID: 37700538 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Blinatumomab is the first bi-specific T-cell engager approved for relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL). Despite remarkable clinical results, the effects of blinatumomab on the host immune cell repertoire are not fully elucidated. In the present study, we characterized the peripheral blood (PB) and, for the first time, the bone marrow (BM) immune cell repertoire upon blinatumomab treatment. Twenty-nine patients with B-ALL received blinatumomab according to clinical practice. Deep multiparametric flow cytometry was used to characterize lymphoid subsets during the first treatment cycle. Blinatumomab induced a transient redistribution of PB effector T-cell subsets and Treg cells with a persistent increase in cytotoxic NK cells, which was associated with a transient upregulation of immune checkpoint receptors on PB CD4 and CD8 T-cell subpopulations and of CD39 expression on suppressive Treg cells. Of note, BM immune T-cell subsets showed a broader post-treatment subversion, including the modulation of markers associated with a T-cell-exhausted phenotype. In conclusion, our study indicates that blinatumomab differentially modulates the PB and BM immune cell repertoire, which may have relevant clinical implications in the therapeutic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Ocadlikova
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Lussana
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Nicola Fracchiolla
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, UO Ematologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonifacio
- Dipartimento di Medicina, UOC Ematologia, Università di Verona and AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Mario Delia
- UO Ematologia con Trapianto - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Sabina Chiaretti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Università "Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabio Forghieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Materno-Infantili e dell'Adulto, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, AOU di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Corradi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Letizia Zannoni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania De Propris
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Università "Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Borleri
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tanasi
- Dipartimento di Medicina, UOC Ematologia, Università di Verona and AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jayakumar Vadakekolathu
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sergio Rutella
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anna Rita Guarini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università "Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Robin Foà
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Università "Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Curti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
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3
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Derenzini E, Gueli A, Risso A, Bruna R, Gottardi D, Cignetti A, Pileri S, Avvedimento EV, Tarella C. Long telomeres at baseline and male sex are main determinants of telomere loss following chemotherapy exposure in lymphoma patients. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:335-342. [PMID: 36533316 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although chemotherapy (CHT) exposure is an established cause of telomere attrition, determinants of telomere length (TL) dynamics after chemotherapy are poorly defined. In this study, we analyzed granulocyte telomere dynamics in 34 adult lymphoma patients undergoing first-line CHT. TL was measured by southern blot at each CHT cycle and after 1 year from CHT completion. Median age was 59 yrs (range 22-77). Median number of CHT cycles was 6 (range 3-6). The majority of patients (79%, n = 27) experienced TL shortening following CHT exposure. Mean telomere loss was 673 base pairs (bp) by cycle 6. Telomere shortening was an early event as 87% of the total telomere loss (mean 586 bp) occurred by the end of cycle 3, with no significant recovery after 1 year. A significant correlation was observed between baseline TL and total or fractional telomere loss (p < 0.001), with telomere shortening by cycle 3 observed predominantly in male patients with long telomeres at pre-treatment evaluation. Stratifying the analysis by gender and age only young women (<51 years of age) did not show significant telomere shortening following chemotherapy exposure. These findings indicate that gender and baseline TL are major determinants of TL dynamics following chemotherapy exposure in lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Derenzini
- Onco-Hematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Gueli
- Internal Medicine Unit, Ciriè Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Risso
- Division of Gastroenterology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bruna
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and Ospedale Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Daniela Gottardi
- Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O.U. S. Giovanni Battista A.O. Mauriziano-Umberto I, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O.U. S. Giovanni Battista A.O. Mauriziano-Umberto I, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Pileri
- Division of diagnostic Haematopathology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico V Avvedimento
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Corrado Tarella
- Onco-Hematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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4
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Sartor C, Brunetti L, Audisio E, Cignetti A, Zannoni L, Cristiano G, Nanni J, Ciruolo R, Zingarelli F, Ottaviani E, Patuelli A, Bandini L, Forte D, Sciabolacci S, Cardinali V, Papayannidis C, Cavo M, Martelli MP, Curti A. A venetoclax and azacitidine bridge-to-transplant strategy for NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukaemia in molecular failure. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:599-607. [PMID: 37226312 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukaemia (NPM1mut AML) represents a mostly favourable/intermediate risk disease that benefits from allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in case of measurable residual disease (MRD) relapse or persistence after induction chemotherapy. Although the negative prognostic role of pre-HSCT MRD is established, no recommendations are available for the management of peri-transplant molecular failure (MF). Based on the efficacy data of venetoclax (VEN)-based treatment in NPM1mut AML older patients, we retrospectively analysed the off-label combination of VEN plus azacitidine (AZA) as bridge-to-transplant strategy in 11 NPM1mut MRD-positive fit AML patients. Patients were in MRD-positive complete remission (CRMRDpos ) at the time of treatment: nine in molecular relapse and two in molecular persistence. After a median number of two cycles (range 1-4) of VEN-AZA, 9/11 (81.8%) achieved CRMRD -negative (CRMRDneg ). All 11 patients proceeded to HSCT. With a median follow-up from treatment start of 26 months, and a median post-HSCT follow-up of 19 months, 10/11 patients are alive (1 died from non-relapse mortality), and 9/10 patients are in MRDneg status. This patient series highlights the efficacy and safety of VEN-AZA to prevent overt relapse, achieve deep responses and preserve patient fitness before HSCT, in patients with NPM1mut AML in MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sartor
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Brunetti
- Clinica di Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - E Audisio
- SC Ematologia, Dipartimento di Ematologia e Oncologia, AO Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - A Cignetti
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, Turin, Italy
| | - L Zannoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Cristiano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - J Nanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Ciruolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Zingarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Ottaviani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli" Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Patuelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Bandini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Forte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Sciabolacci
- Institute of Hematology, Centro Ricerche Emato-Oncologiche, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - V Cardinali
- Institute of Hematology, Centro Ricerche Emato-Oncologiche, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - C Papayannidis
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli" Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Cavo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli" Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M P Martelli
- Institute of Hematology, Centro Ricerche Emato-Oncologiche, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Curti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli" Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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5
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Circosta P, Donini C, Gallo S, Giraudo L, Gammaitoni L, Rotolo R, Galvagno F, Capellero S, Basiricò M, Casucci M, Aglietta M, Ferrero I, Fagioli F, Cignetti A, Carnevale-Schianca F, Leuci V, Sangiolo D. Full chimaeric CAR.CIK from patients engrafted after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant: Feasibility, anti-leukaemic potential and alloreactivity across major human leukocyte antigen barriers. Br J Haematol 2023; 200:64-69. [PMID: 36155897 PMCID: PMC10087171 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer lymphocytes (CIK) are a promising alternative to conventional donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), following allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), due to their intrinsic anti-tumour activity and reduced risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We explored the feasibility, anti-leukaemic activity and alloreactive risk of CIK generated from full-donor chimaeric (fc) patients and genetically redirected by a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) (fcCAR.CIK) against the leukaemic target CD44v6. fcCAR.CIK were successfully ex-vivo expanded from leukaemic patients in complete remission after HCT confirming their intense preclinical anti-leukaemic activity without enhancing the alloreactivity across human leukocyte antigen (HLA) barriers. Our study provides translational bases to support clinical studies with fcCAR.CIK, a sort of biological bridge between the autologous and allogeneic sources, as alternative DLI following HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Circosta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Donini
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Lidia Giraudo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Ramona Rotolo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Galvagno
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sonia Capellero
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Basiricò
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Monica Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit - Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ivana Ferrero
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Leuci
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Sangiolo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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6
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Sainas S, Giorgis M, Circosta P, Poli G, Alberti M, Passoni A, Gaidano V, Pippione AC, Vitale N, Bonanni D, Rolando B, Cignetti A, Ramondetti C, Lanno A, Ferraris DM, Canepa B, Buccinnà B, Piccinini M, Rizzi M, Saglio G, Al-Karadaghi S, Boschi D, Miggiano R, Tuccinardi T, Lolli ML. Targeting Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Using Potent Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Based on the 2-Hydroxypyrazolo[1,5- a]pyridine Scaffold: SAR of the Aryloxyaryl Moiety. J Med Chem 2022; 65:12701-12724. [PMID: 36162075 PMCID: PMC9574863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors have been associated with acute myelogenous leukemia as well as studied as potent host targeting antivirals. Starting from MEDS433 (IC50 1.2 nM), we kept improving the structure-activity relationship of this class of compounds characterized by 2-hydroxypyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine scaffold. Using an in silico/crystallography supported design, we identified compound 4 (IC50 7.2 nM), characterized by the presence of a decorated aryloxyaryl moiety that replaced the biphenyl scaffold, with potent inhibition and pro-differentiating abilities on AML THP1 cells (EC50 74 nM), superior to those of brequinar (EC50 249 nM) and boosted when in combination with dipyridamole. Finally, compound 4 has an extremely low cytotoxicity on non-AML cells as well as MEDS433; it has shown a significant antileukemic activity in vivo in a xenograft mouse model of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sainas
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Marta Giorgis
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Paola Circosta
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Molecular
Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Marta Alberti
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Piemonte Orientale, Via
G. Bovio 6, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Laboratory
of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - Valentina Gaidano
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo
Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Agnese C. Pippione
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Vitale
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Davide Bonanni
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
- Life
Science Department, University of Modena, Via Università 4, Modena 41121, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo
Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Cristina Ramondetti
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Alessia Lanno
- Laboratory
of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - Davide M. Ferraris
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Piemonte Orientale, Via
G. Bovio 6, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Barbara Canepa
- GEM FORLAB, Via Ing.
Comotto 36, Caluso, Turin, 10014, Italy
| | - Barbara Buccinnà
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Marco Piccinini
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Menico Rizzi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Piemonte Orientale, Via
G. Bovio 6, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo
Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Salam Al-Karadaghi
- Department
of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen
14, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Riccardo Miggiano
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Piemonte Orientale, Via
G. Bovio 6, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Molecular
Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Marco L. Lolli
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
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7
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Houshmand M, Kazemi A, Anjam Najmedini A, Ali MS, Gaidano V, Cignetti A, Fava C, Cilloni D, Saglio G, Circosta P. Shedding Light on Targeting Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245805. [PMID: 34945101 PMCID: PMC8708315 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells (CML LSCs) are a rare and quiescent population that are resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). When TKI therapy is discontinued in CML patients in deep, sustained and apparently stable molecular remission, these cells in approximately half of the cases restart to grow, resuming the leukemic process. The elimination of these TKI resistant leukemic stem cells is therefore an essential step in increasing the percentage of those patients who can reach a successful long-term treatment free remission (TFR). The understanding of the biology of the LSCs and the identification of the differences, phenotypic and/or metabolic, that could eventually allow them to be distinguished from the normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are therefore important steps in designing strategies to target LSCs in a rather selective way, sparing the normal counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Houshmand
- Department of Clinical Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (M.S.A.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Alireza Kazemi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1971653313, Iran; (A.K.); (A.A.N.)
| | - Ali Anjam Najmedini
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1971653313, Iran; (A.K.); (A.A.N.)
| | - Muhammad Shahzad Ali
- Department of Clinical Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (M.S.A.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Valentina Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, A.O. SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, 10128 Turin, Italy;
| | - Carmen Fava
- Department of Clinical Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (M.S.A.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Department of Clinical Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (M.S.A.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (M.S.A.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Circosta
- Department of Clinical Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (M.S.A.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.)
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8
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Sainas S, Giorgis M, Circosta P, Gaidano V, Bonanni D, Pippione AC, Bagnati R, Passoni A, Qiu Y, Cojocaru CF, Canepa B, Bona A, Rolando B, Mishina M, Ramondetti C, Buccinnà B, Piccinini M, Houshmand M, Cignetti A, Giraudo E, Al-Karadaghi S, Boschi D, Saglio G, Lolli ML. Targeting Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Using Potent Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Based on the 2-Hydroxypyrazolo[1,5- a]pyridine Scaffold: SAR of the Biphenyl Moiety. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5404-5428. [PMID: 33844533 PMCID: PMC8279415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The connection with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), a key enzyme in pyrimidine biosynthesis, has attracted significant interest from pharma as a possible AML therapeutic target. We recently discovered compound 1, a potent hDHODH inhibitor (IC50 = 1.2 nM), able to induce myeloid differentiation in AML cell lines (THP1) in the low nM range (EC50 = 32.8 nM) superior to brequinar's phase I/II clinical trial (EC50 = 265 nM). Herein, we investigate the 1 drug-like properties observing good metabolic stability and no toxic profile when administered at doses of 10 and 25 mg/kg every 3 days for 5 weeks (Balb/c mice). Moreover, in order to identify a backup compound, we investigate the SAR of this class of compounds. Inside the series, 17 is characterized by higher potency in inducing myeloid differentiation (EC50 = 17.3 nM), strong proapoptotic properties (EC50 = 20.2 nM), and low cytotoxicity toward non-AML cells (EC30(Jurkat) > 100 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sainas
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Marta Giorgis
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Paola Circosta
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Molecular
Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Valentina Gaidano
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Division
of Hematology, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e
Cesare Arrigo, Via Venezia
16, Alessandria 15121, Italy
| | - Davide Bonanni
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Agnese C. Pippione
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto
di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto
di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Yaqi Qiu
- Laboratory
of Tumor Microenvironment, Candiolo Cancer
Institute, FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Strada Provinciale, 142-KM 3.95, Candiolo, Turin 10060, Italy
- Higher
Education Mega Center, Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Carina Florina Cojocaru
- Laboratory
of Tumor Microenvironment, Candiolo Cancer
Institute, FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Strada Provinciale, 142-KM 3.95, Candiolo, Turin 10060, Italy
| | - Barbara Canepa
- Gem
Forlab srl, Via Ribes,
5, Colleretto Giacosa, Turin 10010, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bona
- Gem
Chimica srl, Via Maestri
del Lavoro, 25, Busca, Cuneo 12022, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Mariia Mishina
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Cristina Ramondetti
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Barbara Buccinnà
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Marco Piccinini
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Mohammad Houshmand
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Molecular
Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Enrico Giraudo
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
- Laboratory
of Tumor Microenvironment, Candiolo Cancer
Institute, FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Strada Provinciale, 142-KM 3.95, Candiolo, Turin 10060, Italy
| | - Salam Al-Karadaghi
- Department
of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 14, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Marco L. Lolli
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
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9
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Ramadan S, Ceparano G, Cignetti A, Sammassimo S, Bagnardi V, Pagan E, Gottardi D, Fiori S, Passerini R, Radice T, Saglio G, Tarella C. Prognostic Impact of Baseline Immunologic Profile in Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2021; 13:e2021018. [PMID: 33747399 PMCID: PMC7938923 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2021.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Host immune homeostasis as an independent prognostic indicator has been inadequately evaluated in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). The present study addresses the prognostic significance in aggressive NHLs of the immunologic profile evaluated by pretreatment serum levels of immunoglobulins (Ig) and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR). In this series of 90 patients with aggressive lymphoma, the median level for IgG was 1,024mg/dl (range 436-2236), and for LMR was 2.2 (range 0.2-13.8). CR rate was higher with IgG levels ≥1,024mg/dL (91% vs 77% p=0.059). LMR ≤ 2.2 was associated with lower 1-year PFS (73% vs. 92%, p 0.016). Patients with good/very good R-IPI showed a reduced PFS if IgG or LMR was low, while patients with poor R-IPI did better if LMR or IgG levels were high. We combined both parameters with the R-IPI and produced a four-risk prognostic score showing one-year PFS of 95% (95% CI 68%-99%), 100% (95% CI 100%-100%), 73% (95% CI 52%-86%), and 59% (95% CI 31%-79%), in patients with zero, one, two and three risk factors, respectively. The results indicate for the first time the value of baseline serum Ig levels in the prognostic assessment of aggressive lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Ramadan
- Division of Onco-Hematoncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
- NCI-Cairo University, Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Giusy Ceparano
- Division of Onco-Hematoncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Divisione Universitaria di Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Sammassimo
- Division of Onco-Hematoncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pagan
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Gottardi
- Divisione Universitaria di Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Fiori
- Haemolymphopathology Unit, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Passerini
- Divisione di Medicina di Laboratorio, European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - Tommaso Radice
- Division of Onco-Hematoncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Divisione Universitaria di Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Corrado Tarella
- Division of Onco-Hematoncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Scienze della Salute (DISS), Università di Milano, Italy
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10
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Gaidano V, Houshmand M, Vitale N, Carrà G, Morotti A, Tenace V, Rapelli S, Sainas S, Pippione AC, Giorgis M, Boschi D, Lolli ML, Cilloni D, Cignetti A, Saglio G, Circosta P. The Synergism between DHODH Inhibitors and Dipyridamole Leads to Metabolic Lethality in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1003. [PMID: 33670894 PMCID: PMC7957697 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a key enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, whose inhibition can induce differentiation and apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). DHODH inhibitors had shown promising in vitro and in vivo activity on solid tumors, but their effectiveness was not confirmed in clinical trials, probably because cancer cells exploited the pyrimidine salvage pathway to survive. Here, we investigated the antileukemic activity of MEDS433, the DHODH inhibitor developed by our group, against AML. Learning from previous failures, we mimicked human conditions (performing experiments in the presence of physiological uridine plasma levels) and looked for synergic combinations to boost apoptosis, including classical antileukemic drugs and dipyridamole, a blocker of the pyrimidine salvage pathway. MEDS433 induced apoptosis in multiple AML cell lines, not only as a consequence of differentiation, but also directly. Its combination with antileukemic agents further increased the apoptotic rate, but when experiments were performed in the presence of physiological uridine concentrations, results were less impressive. Conversely, the combination of MEDS433 with dipyridamole induced metabolic lethality and differentiation in all AML cell lines; this extraordinary synergism was confirmed on AML primary cells with different genetic backgrounds and was unaffected by physiological uridine concentrations, predicting in human activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Gaidano
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (P.C.)
- Division of Hematology, A.O. SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Mohammad Houshmand
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (P.C.)
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Vitale
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanna Carrà
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (P.C.)
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Valerio Tenace
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Stefania Rapelli
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy;
| | - Stefano Sainas
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.G.); (D.B.); (M.L.L.)
| | - Agnese Chiara Pippione
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.G.); (D.B.); (M.L.L.)
| | - Marta Giorgis
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.G.); (D.B.); (M.L.L.)
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.G.); (D.B.); (M.L.L.)
| | - Marco Lucio Lolli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.G.); (D.B.); (M.L.L.)
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (P.C.)
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, University of Turin, 10128 Turin, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, University of Turin, 10128 Turin, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (P.C.)
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, University of Turin, 10128 Turin, Italy;
| | - Paola Circosta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (M.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (P.C.)
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
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11
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Guolo F, Fianchi L, Minetto P, Clavio M, Gottardi M, Galimberti S, Rizzuto G, Rondoni M, Bertani G, Dargenio M, Bilio A, Scappini B, Zappasodi P, Scattolin AM, Grimaldi F, Pietrantuono G, Musto P, Cerrano M, D'Ardia S, Audisio E, Cignetti A, Pasciolla C, Pavesi F, Candoni A, Gurreri C, Morselli M, Alati C, Fracchiolla N, Rossi G, Caizzi M, Carnevale-Schianca F, Tafuri A, Rossi G, Ferrara F, Pagano L, Lemoli RM. CPX-351 treatment in secondary acute myeloblastic leukemia is effective and improves the feasibility of allogeneic stem cell transplantation: results of the Italian compassionate use program. Blood Cancer J 2020; 10:96. [PMID: 33024084 PMCID: PMC7538937 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-020-00361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) poorly responds to conventional treatments and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We evaluated toxicity and efficacy of CPX-351 in 71 elderly patients (median age 66 years) with sAML enrolled in the Italian Named (Compassionate) Use Program. Sixty days treatment-related mortality was 7% (5/71). The response rate at the end of treatment was: CR/CRi in 50/71 patients (70.4%), PR in 6/71 (8.5%), and NR in 10/71 (19.7%). After a median follow-up of 11 months relapse was observed in 10/50 patients (20%) and 12 months cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 23.6%. Median duration of response was not reached. In competing risk analysis, CIR was reduced when HSCT was performed in first CR (12 months CIR of 5% and 37.4%, respectively, for patients receiving (=20) or not (=30) HSCT, p = 0.012). Twelve-months OS was 68.6% (median not reached). In landmark analysis, HSCT in CR1 was the only significant predictor of longer survival (12 months OS of 100 and 70.5%, for patients undergoing or not HSCT in CR1, respectively, p = 0.011). In conclusion, we extend to a real-life setting, the notion that CPX is an effective regimen for high risk AML patients and may improve the results of HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Guolo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. .,Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Luana Fianchi
- Istituto di Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Minetto
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marino Clavio
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Sara Galimberti
- UO Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuliana Rizzuto
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Michela Rondoni
- U.O.C. di Ematologia, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale della Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Giambattista Bertani
- S.C. Ematologia, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Niguarda Ca' Granda Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Barbara Scappini
- Dipartimento di Oncologia-SODc Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zappasodi
- Clinica Ematologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Grimaldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, AOU Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Pellegrino Musto
- IRCCS Centro Oncologico della Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Potenza, Italy.,Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, AOU Policlinico Consorziale, "Aldo Moro" University, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Cerrano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Ardia
- Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, University of Turin-School of Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Ernesta Audisio
- S.C. Ematologia2, Dipartimento di Ematologia e Oncologia, AO Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Divisione Universitaria di Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Pavesi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Candoni
- Clinica Ematologica, Centro Trapianti e Terapie Cellulari, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carmela Gurreri
- U.O. Ematologia ed Immunologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Monica Morselli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Fracchiolla
- Oncoematologia, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rossi
- U.O. Ematologia, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Manuela Caizzi
- S.C. Ematologia Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Ospedale Maggiore, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carnevale-Schianca
- Medical Oncology, Hematopoietic Stem Cells Unit, Turin Metropolitan Transplant Center, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Agostino Tafuri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine & Hematology, Sant'Andrea - University Hospital - Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossi
- SC Ematologia e Dipartimento di Oncologia Clinica, A.O. Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Livio Pagano
- Istituto di Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Massimo Lemoli
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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12
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Gaidano V, Tenace V, Santoro N, Varvello S, Cignetti A, Prato G, Saglio G, De Rosa G, Geuna M. A Clinically Applicable Approach to the Classification of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas with Flow Cytometry and Machine Learning. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061684. [PMID: 32599959 PMCID: PMC7352227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunophenotype is a key element to classify B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (B-NHL); while it is routinely obtained through immunohistochemistry, the use of flow cytometry (FC) could bear several advantages. However, few FC laboratories can rely on a long-standing practical experience, and the literature in support is still limited; as a result, the use of FC is generally restricted to the analysis of lymphomas with bone marrow or peripheral blood involvement. In this work, we applied machine learning to our database of 1465 B-NHL samples from different sources, building four artificial predictive systems which could classify B-NHL in up to nine of the most common clinico-pathological entities. Our best model shows an overall accuracy of 92.68%, a mean sensitivity of 88.54% and a mean specificity of 98.77%. Beyond the clinical applicability, our models demonstrate (i) the strong discriminatory power of MIB1 and Bcl2, whose integration in the predictive model significantly increased the performance of the algorithm; (ii) the potential usefulness of some non-canonical markers in categorizing B-NHL; and (iii) that FC markers should not be described as strictly positive or negative according to fixed thresholds, but they rather correlate with different B-NHL depending on their level of expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Gaidano
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (V.G.); (G.S.)
- Division of Hematology, A.O. SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Valerio Tenace
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Nathalie Santoro
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Division of Pathology, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, 10128 Turin, Italy; (N.S.); (G.D.R.)
| | - Silvia Varvello
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, 10128 Turin, Italy; (S.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, 10128 Turin, Italy; (S.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Prato
- Division of Pathology, San Lazzaro Hospital, ASL CN2, 12051 Alba, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (V.G.); (G.S.)
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, 10128 Turin, Italy; (S.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Giovanni De Rosa
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Division of Pathology, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, 10128 Turin, Italy; (N.S.); (G.D.R.)
| | - Massimo Geuna
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Division of Pathology, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano, 10128 Turin, Italy; (N.S.); (G.D.R.)
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (M.G.)
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Abstract
Abstract
Two simple methods for the determination of tolclofos-methyl in soil and lettuce are presented. Soil samples were extracted with a methanol–water solution (9 + 1, v/v). The extract was cleaned up on a LC C18 SPE cartridge. The method was tested on 4 soils having very different physico-chemical characteristics and gave recoveries > 70% and a determination limit of 0.02 mg/kg soil. Lettuce samples were extracted with n-hexane. The extract was cleaned up on florisil SPE cartridges. The recoveries were > 83% and the determination limit was 0.01 mg/kg lettuce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse, Sezione Chimica Agraria, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse, Sezione Chimica Agraria, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Michéle Négre
- Industrie Chimiche Caffaro - SIAPA FITOF.-CER, Via Vittorio Veneto 7, 40015 Galliera (BO), Italy
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14
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Abstract
Abstract
Two extraction methods were developed for the determination of triasulfuron in soil. Method I included extraction with methanol–phosphate buffer at pH 7 (2 + 1, v/v), liquid–liquid partition with dichloromethane, and cleanup on a liquid chromatographic Si adsorption solid-phase extraction tube. In Method II, Extrelut was added and the sample was then extracted with acetonitrile. In both cases, the extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) with UV detection and the LC peak was confirmed by LC/mass spectrometry (MS). The 2 methods were tested on 3 soils having different physicochemical characteristics. Method I gave 83% average recovery and a determination limit of 0.4 μg/kg soil. Method II gave 67% average recovery and a determination limit of 2 μg/kg soil. Examples of application of Method I to field samples are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Catania, Istituto di Chimica Agraria, Via S. Sofia 98, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Ferraris
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Michèle Nègre
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
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15
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Sainas S, Pippione AC, Lupino E, Giorgis M, Circosta P, Gaidano V, Goyal P, Bonanni D, Rolando B, Cignetti A, Ducime A, Andersson M, Järvå M, Friemann R, Piccinini M, Ramondetti C, Buccinnà B, Al-Karadaghi S, Boschi D, Saglio G, Lolli ML. Correction to Targeting Myeloid Differentiation Using Potent 2-Hydroxypyrazolo[1,5- a]pyridine Scaffold-Based Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2019; 62:1696. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Circosta P, Vitaggio K, Elia AR, Todorovic M, Sangiolo D, Carnevale-Schianca F, Vallario A, Geuna M, Aglietta M, Cignetti A. Survivin-peptide vaccination elicits immune response after allogeneic nonmyeloablative transplantation: a safe strategy to enhance the graft versus tumor effect. Immunotherapy 2018; 10:753-767. [PMID: 30008257 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is an adoptive immunotherapy strategy whose effectiveness relies on graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect. We explored the feasibility of enhancing GVT after allo-HCT by peptide vaccination. Two myeloma patients were transplanted with a fludarabine-total body irradiation conditioning regimen and vaccinated with an HLA-A*0201-restricted modified survivin nonapeptide, plus montanide as adjuvant. At time of first vaccination, one patient had just attained serological remission despite documented relapse after transplant, while the other patient was in stable disease. Both patients had an immune response to vaccination: the frequency of survivin-specific CD8+ T cells increased between second and sixth vaccination and accounted for 0.5-0.8% of CD8+ cells; CD8+ cells were functional in ELISPOT assay. The first patient persists in complete remission with a follow-up of >5 years, while the second patient did not have a clinical response and vaccination was halted. We analyzed the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of the first patient by spectratyping and found that vaccination did not affect the diversity of TCR profile, indicating that survivin clonotypes were probably spread in multiple TCR families. We generated a limited number (n = 4) of survivin-specific T cell clones: three were reactive only against the modified peptide, whereas one clone recognized also the naive peptide. Peptide vaccination is safe and applicable after allo-HCT and elicits an efficient antigen-specific T cell response without causing graft-versus-host disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Circosta
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Katia Vitaggio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Rita Elia
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Maja Todorovic
- Laboratory of Medical Oncology-Experimental Cell Therapy, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Sangiolo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory of Medical Oncology-Experimental Cell Therapy, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carnevale-Schianca
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Vallario
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Massimo Geuna
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Mauriziano Hospital & University of Torino, 10128 Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy.,University Division of Hematology & Cell Therapy, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital & University of Torino, 10128 Turin, Italy
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17
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Sainas S, Pippione AC, Lupino E, Giorgis M, Circosta P, Gaidano V, Goyal P, Bonanni D, Rolando B, Cignetti A, Ducime A, Andersson M, Järvå M, Friemann R, Piccinini M, Ramondetti C, Buccinnà B, Al-Karadaghi S, Boschi D, Saglio G, Lolli ML. Targeting Myeloid Differentiation Using Potent 2-Hydroxypyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine Scaffold-Based Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6034-6055. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paola Circosta
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Valentina Gaidano
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10043, Italy
- Mauriziano Hospital S.C.D.U. Hematology, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Parveen Goyal
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE 405, Sweden
| | | | | | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10043, Italy
- Mauriziano Hospital S.C.D.U. Hematology, Turin 10128, Italy
| | | | - Mikael Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE 405, Sweden
| | - Michael Järvå
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Rosmarie Friemann
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE 405, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Salam Al-Karadaghi
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | | | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10043, Italy
- Mauriziano Hospital S.C.D.U. Hematology, Turin 10128, Italy
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18
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Circosta P, Elia AR, Landra I, Machiorlatti R, Todaro M, Aliberti S, Brusa D, Deaglio S, Chiaretti S, Bruna R, Gottardi D, Massaia M, Giacomo FD, Guarini AR, Foà R, Kyriakides PW, Bareja R, Elemento O, Chichili GR, Monteleone E, Moore PA, Johnson S, Bonvini E, Cignetti A, Inghirami G. Tailoring CD19xCD3-DART exposure enhances T-cells to eradication of B-cell neoplasms. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1341032. [PMID: 29632712 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1341032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many patients with B-cell malignancies can be successfully treated, although tumor eradication is rarely achieved. T-cell-directed killing of tumor cells using engineered T-cells or bispecific antibodies is a promising approach for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. We investigated the efficacy of CD19xCD3 DART bispecific antibody in a broad panel of human primary B-cell malignancies. The CD19xCD3 DART identified 2 distinct subsets of patients, in which the neoplastic lymphocytes were eliminated with rapid or slow kinetics. Delayed responses were always overcome by a prolonged or repeated DART exposure. Both CD4 and CD8 effector cytotoxic cells were generated, and DART-mediated killing of CD4+ cells into cytotoxic effectors required the presence of CD8+ cells. Serial exposures to DART led to the exponential expansion of CD4 + and CD8 + cells and to the sequential ablation of neoplastic cells in absence of a PD-L1-mediated exhaustion. Lastly, patient-derived neoplastic B-cells (B-Acute Lymphoblast Leukemia and Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma) could be proficiently eradicated in a xenograft mouse model by DART-armed cytokine induced killer (CIK) cells. Collectively, patient tailored DART exposures can result in the effective elimination of CD19 positive leukemia and B-cell lymphoma and the association of bispecific antibodies with unmatched CIK cells represents an effective modality for the treatment of CD19 positive leukemia/lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Circosta
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Rita Elia
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Indira Landra
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Machiorlatti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Todaro
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sabrina Aliberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Brusa
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Facility, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Facility, Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Sabina Chiaretti
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bruna
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Torino, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Gottardi
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Torino, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Massaia
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Torino, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Filomena Di Giacomo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Guarini
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Robin Foà
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter W Kyriakides
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York, USA[2] Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York, USA[2] Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Emanuele Monteleone
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paul A Moore
- MacroGenics Inc., 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Syd Johnson
- MacroGenics Inc., 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ezio Bonvini
- MacroGenics Inc., 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Torino, Ospedale Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, NYU Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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19
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Sainas S, Pippione A, Boschi D, Gaidano V, Circosta P, Cignetti A, Dosio F, Lolli M. DHODH inhibitors and leukemia: an emergent interest for new myeloid differentiation agents. DRUG FUTURE 2018. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2018.043.11.2856492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Bruno B, Busca A, Vallero S, Raviolo S, Mordini N, Nassi L, Cignetti A, Audisio E, Festuccia M, Corsetti A, Depaoli L, Faraci M, Micalizzi C, Corcione S, Berger M, Saglio F, Caropreso P, Mengozzi G, Squadrone V, De Rosa FG, Giaccone L. Current use and potential role of procalcitonin in the diagnostic work up and follow up of febrile neutropenia in hematological patients. Expert Rev Hematol 2017; 10:543-550. [PMID: 28471695 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2017.1326813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Febrile neutropenia (FN) represents a life-threatening complication in hematological malignancies. Its etiology is most often due to infections even though FN of other origins, such as tumor-related fever and non-infectious inflammation, should rapidly be ruled out. Initially, C-reactive protein and, more recently, procalcitonin (PCT) have been proposed as useful biomarkers for differential diagnosis. PCT was shown to be a good biomarker of bacterial infections and their clinical outcomes. Definition of standard cut-offs and design of PCT-guided treatment protocols remain however to be defined. Areas covered: In this review, highlights on the current clinical use of PCT and its potential role as a diagnostic tool have been discussed by a panel of physicians from different areas of expertise. We provide current clinical evidence that PCT has been shown to be a reliable biomarker to differentiate fever of bacterial origin from other causes. Moreover, the Authors convened to a round-table to discuss their 'real-life experience' and offer their recommendations by a Delphi survey. Expert commentary: PCT has an important clinical role in FN. Issues such as the validation of a specific decision algorithm that includes PCT to monitor antibiotic choice and treatment duration will be addressed in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Bruno
- a Department of Oncology , A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy.,b Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Alessandro Busca
- a Department of Oncology , A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy
| | - Stefano Vallero
- c Pediatric Oncology and Hematology , OIRM, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Stefania Raviolo
- d Department of Clinical Sciences , A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy
| | - Nicola Mordini
- e Hematology , S, Croce e Carle Hospital , Cuneo , Italy
| | - Luca Nassi
- f Hematology , AOU Maggiore della Carità and University of Eastern Piedmont , Novara , Italy
| | | | - Ernesta Audisio
- a Department of Oncology , A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy
| | - Moreno Festuccia
- a Department of Oncology , A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy.,b Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | | | - Lorella Depaoli
- h Hematology , SS Antonio e Biagio Hospital , Alessandria , Italy
| | - Maura Faraci
- i Department of Hematology-Oncology , Istituto G. Gaslini , Genova , Italy
| | - Concetta Micalizzi
- j Department of Clinical Chemistry , SC Baldi e Riberi, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy
| | - Silvia Corcione
- d Department of Clinical Sciences , A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy
| | - Massimo Berger
- c Pediatric Oncology and Hematology , OIRM, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Francesco Saglio
- c Pediatric Oncology and Hematology , OIRM, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Paola Caropreso
- j Department of Clinical Chemistry , SC Baldi e Riberi, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy
| | - Giulio Mengozzi
- j Department of Clinical Chemistry , SC Baldi e Riberi, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Squadrone
- k Department of Intensive Care and Critical Care , A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy
| | | | - Luisa Giaccone
- a Department of Oncology , A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino , Italy.,b Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
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21
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Barge M, Piccone G, Barge P, Cignetti A. Preliminary results on mineral content of some beef muscles. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2005.2s.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Elia AR, Circosta P, Sangiolo D, Bonini C, Gammaitoni L, Mastaglio S, Genovese P, Geuna M, Avolio F, Inghirami G, Tarella C, Cignetti A. Cytokine-induced killer cells engineered with exogenous T-cell receptors directed against melanoma antigens: enhanced efficacy of effector cells endowed with a double mechanism of tumor recognition. Hum Gene Ther 2015; 26:220-31. [PMID: 25758764 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2014.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells consist of a heterogeneous population of polyclonal T lymphocytes displaying NK phenotype and HLA-unrestricted cytotoxic activity against a broad range of tumors. We sought to determine whether transduction of CIK cells with T cell receptor (TCR) genes specific for tumor-associated antigens could generate effector cells endowed with a double mechanism of tumor recognition. HLA-A2-restricted TCR-transduced (TD) CIK directed against the melanoma antigens Mart1 and NY-ESO1 were generated by lentiviral transduction and successfully expanded over a 3-4-week period. TD-CIK cells were both CD3(+)/CD56(-) and CD3(+)/CD56(+) (31±8% and 59±9%, respectively), indicating that both major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted T cells and MHC-unrestricted CIK could be targeted by lentiviral transduction. At the end of the culture, the majority of both unmodified and TD-CIK displayed an effector memory phenotype, without considerable expression of replicative senescence and exhaustion markers. Functionally, TD-CIK specifically recognized tumor cells expressing the relevant antigen as well as maintained their MHC-unrestricted tumor activity. The cytotoxic activity of TD-CIK against HLA-A2(+) melanoma cell lines was significantly higher than the untransduced counterparts at a low effector:target ratio (cytotoxic activity of TD-CIK was from 1.9- to 4.3-fold higher than untransduced counterparts). TD-CIK were highly proficient in releasing high amount of IFN-γ upon antigen-specific stimulation and were able to recognize primary melanoma targets. In conclusion, we showed that (1) the reproducibility and simplicity of CIK transduction and expansion might solve the problem of obtaining adequate numbers of potent antitumor effector cells for adoptive immunotherapy; (2) the presence of both terminal effectors as well as of less differentiated progenitors might confer them long survival in vivo; and (3) the addition of an MHC-restricted antigen recognition allows not only targeting tumor surface antigens but also a wider range of cytoplasmic or nuclear antigens, involved in tumor proliferation and survival. TD-CIK cells with a double mechanism of tumor recognition are an attractive and alternative tool for the development of efficient cell therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Elia
- 1 Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , 10126 Turin, Italy
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23
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Riva L, Ronchini C, Bodini M, Lo-Coco F, Lavorgna S, Ottone T, Martinelli G, Iacobucci I, Tarella C, Cignetti A, Volorio S, Bernard L, Russo A, Melloni GEM, Luzi L, Alcalay M, Dellino GI, Pelicci PG. Acute promyelocytic leukemias share cooperative mutations with other myeloid-leukemia subgroups. Blood Cancer J 2014; 4:e195. [PMID: 24658373 PMCID: PMC3972704 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2014.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Boita M, Guida G, Circosta P, Elia AR, Stella S, Heffler E, Badiu I, Martorana D, Mariani S, Rolla G, Cignetti A. The molecular and functional characterization of clonally expanded CD8+ TCR BV T cells in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). Clin Immunol 2014; 152:152-63. [PMID: 24632064 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) clonally expanded T cells might concur in granuloma formation and vascular injury. The TCR β-variable (BV) chain repertoire and third complementarity determining region (CDR3) of peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ cells in EGPA patients and age-matched controls and the expression of cytokines and chemokine receptors were investigated. The CD8+ lymphocytes of EGPA patients showed an increased frequency of BV expansions with a skewed profile of BV CDR3 lengths, increased CCR5 and CXCR3 expression and increased INFγ and TNFα production. In two patients, the TCR CDR3 cDNA sequences of the expanded BV family were identified. The CD4+ lymphocytes of EGPA patients revealed a higher expression of CRTH2 and increased production of IL-5. In conclusion, CD4+ T cells display a Th2 profile and CD8+ T cells are clonally expanded in EGPA and have a proinflammatory phenotype, suggesting their pathogenic role in vasculitic damage.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Churg-Strauss Syndrome/blood
- Churg-Strauss Syndrome/immunology
- Complementarity Determining Regions
- Female
- Granuloma/immunology
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Class Switching/immunology
- Inflammation/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-5/biosynthesis
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, CCR5/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CXCR3/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Prostaglandin/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Boita
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Torino, Italy; Medical Science Department, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Guida
- Internal Medicine II - Birago di Vische Hospital - ASL TO2, Torino, Italy.
| | - Paola Circosta
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Mauriziano, Torino, University of Torino, Italy; Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Angela Rita Elia
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Mauriziano, Torino, University of Torino, Italy; Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Stefania Stella
- Immunohematology and Transfusional Medicine - Giovanni Bosco Hospital - ASL TO2-Torino, Italy.
| | - Enrico Heffler
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Torino, Italy; Medical Science Department, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Iuliana Badiu
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Sara Mariani
- Medical Science Department, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Rolla
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Torino, Italy; Medical Science Department, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Mauriziano, Torino, University of Torino, Italy; Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, Italy.
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Riva L, Ronchini C, Bodini M, Lo-Coco F, Lavorgna S, Ottone T, Martinelli G, Iacobucci I, Tarella C, Cignetti A, Volorio S, Bernard L, Russo A, Melloni GEM, Luzi L, Alcalay M, Dellino GI, Pelicci PG. Acute promyelocytic leukemias share cooperative mutations with other myeloid-leukemia subgroups. Blood Cancer J 2013; 3:e147. [PMID: 24036946 PMCID: PMC3789210 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2013.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Riva
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, at the IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
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26
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Cignetti A, Ruella M, Elia A, Tassi V, Redoglia V, Gottardi D, Tarella C. Haploidentical cellular therapy in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: description of its use in high risk patients. Am J Hematol 2013; 88:720-1. [PMID: 23686413 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Elia
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (M.B.C.); University of Torino; Torino; Italy
| | - V. Tassi
- Blood Bank; Molinette Hospital and University of Torino; Torino; Italy
| | - V. Redoglia
- Division of Hematology; Molinette Hospital and University of Torino; Torino; Italy
| | - D. Gottardi
- University Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy; Mauriziano Hospital and University of Torino; Torino; Italy
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27
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Guarini A, Riera L, Reato G, Carbone A, Cignetti A, Tos A, Lanfrancone L, Melani C, Paul R, Forni G, Foa R. Human lung carcinoma cells engineered to release IL2, IL7, GM-CSF and TNF alpha. Int J Oncol 2012; 8:765-72. [PMID: 21544424 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.8.4.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (LC89) was transduced with the IL2, IL7, GM-CSF and TNF alpha genes by retroviral vector mediated infection. This induced the constitutive and stable release of all cytokines. No difference or modulation was found in the parental and gene transduced LC89 cells with regard to cytokine receptor expression, in vitro cell growth and proliferation, nor in cell surface expression of different adhesion molecules. Following injection into immunosuppressed nu/nu mice, IL2 gene transduced LC89 cells lost their tumorigenic potential. LC89 cells engineered to release IL7 and TNF alpha grew in nu/nu mice, but in 40% of the animals tumor regression was observed. GM-CSF gene transduced LC89 cells showed a tumorigenic capacity identical to that of the parental clone. The levels of TGF beta(1) released by IL2, IL7 and GM-CSF gene transduced LC89 cells were markedly reduced compared to those of the parental and TNF alpha gene transduced cells. The results of this study support the concept that human lung cancer cells engineered with different cytokine genes maintain their intrinsic morphologic and proliferative features, while their tumorigenic and immunosuppressive capacities can be profoundly down-modulated. Both these effects are optimally achieved following insertion of the IL2 gene, suggesting that vaccination protocols with IL2 gene transduced tumor cells may be considered for the management of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guarini
- UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO SCI BIOMED & ONCOL UMANA,SEZ CLIN,I-10126 TURIN,ITALY. IST EUROPEO ONCOL,DIPARTIMENTO ONCOL SPERIMENTALE,MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL TUMORI,DIV ONCOL SPERIMENTALE,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. TARGETED GENET CORP,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV TURIN,CTR IMMUNOGENET & ONCOL SPERIMENTALE,CNR,TURIN,ITALY
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29
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Turinetto V, Orlando L, Sanchez-Ripoll Y, Kumpfmueller B, Storm MP, Porcedda P, Minieri V, Saviozzi S, Accomasso L, Cibrario Rocchietti E, Moorwood K, Circosta P, Cignetti A, Welham MJ, Giachino C. High Basal γH2AX Levels Sustain Self-Renewal of Mouse Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2012; 30:1414-23. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Boita M, Rolla G, Mallone R, Martinuzzi E, Heffler E, Circosta P, Elia AR, Cignetti A, Caillat-Zucman S, de Menthon M, Guida G. Expression of NKG2D and CD107 in CD8(+) effector memory lymphocytes in Churg-Strauss syndrome. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2012; 30:S57-61. [PMID: 22640649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a necrotising vasculitis of small vessels in which oligoclonally expanded TCR Vβ CD8+ effector memory T cells populations (TEM) may be involved in vasculitic damage. The aim of this study was to assess the functional role of CD8+ T cells in CSS patients by flow cytometry analysis of membrane expression of cytotoxic markers NKG2D and CD107a. METHODS Immunostaining of peripheral T cells and effector memory lymphocytes (TEM) from CSS patients and controls was performed by gating CD28 and CD45RA in the CD8+NKG2D+ and CD4+NKG2D+ populations. CD107a expression was evaluated in both whole CD8+ and CD4+ and the TEM cells by gating CD62 and CD45RA following polyclonal stimulation. RESULTS NKG2D expression was shifted toward the CD8+CD28- fraction of T cells in CSS patients compared to healthy controls (56.1±25.8% versus 17.2±7.3%, respectively, p=0.002). CD8+Vβ+ expanded T cells showed a significantly increased expression of NKG2D compared to the whole CD8+ T cell population (91.4±1.9% versus 79.7±3.8%, respectively, p=0.015). Moreover the CD8+ population from CSS upregulates CD107a on its surface upon polyclonal stimulation in a significantly higher proportion than healthy subjects (26.2±10.8% versus 8.2±2.9%, p=0.0031) and the majority CD8+ CD107+ cells from CSS patients showed a TEM phenotype compared to controls (64.8±4.9% vs. 19.8±2.9, respectively, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In CSS, CD8+ TEM lymphocytes show markers of cytotoxic activity, which suggests a role for these cells in vasculitic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Boita
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Torino, Italy.
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31
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Orlando L, Accomasso L, Circosta P, Turinetto V, Lantelme E, Porcedda P, Minieri V, Pautasso M, Willemsen RA, Cignetti A, Giachino C. TCR transfer induces TCR-mediated tonic inhibition of RAG genes in human T cells. Mol Immunol 2011; 48:1369-76. [PMID: 21481940 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Induction of the TCR signaling pathway terminates the expression of RAG genes, and a link between this pathway and their transcriptional control is evident from the recent demonstration of their re-expression if the TCR is subsequently lost or down-regulated. Since unstimulated T cells display a steady-state level of "tonic" TCR signaling, i.e. in the absence of any antigenic stimulus, it was uncertain whether this control was exerted through ligand-dependent or ligand-independent TCR signaling. Here we demonstrate for the first time that exogenous TCR α and β chains transferred into the human immature RAG(+) T cell line Sup-T1 by lentiviral transduction inhibit RAG expression through tonic signaling, and that this inhibition could itself be reverted by pharmacological tonic pathway inhibitors. We also suggest that mature T cells already expressing an endogenous TCR on their surface maintain some levels of plasticity at the RAG locus when their basal TCR signaling is interfered with. Lastly, we show that the TCR constructs employed in TCR gene therapy do not possess the same basal signaling transduction capability, a feature that may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Orlando
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy.
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32
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Circosta P, Granziero L, Follenzi A, Vigna E, Stella S, Vallario A, Elia AR, Gammaitoni L, Vitaggio K, Orso F, Geuna M, Sangiolo D, Todorovic M, Giachino C, Cignetti A. T Cell Receptor (TCR) Gene Transfer with Lentiviral Vectors Allows Efficient Redirection of Tumor Specificity in Naive and Memory T Cells Without Prior Stimulation of Endogenous TCR. Hum Gene Ther 2009; 20:1576-88. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2009.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Circosta
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Luisa Granziero
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonia Follenzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, School of Medicine, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Elisa Vigna
- Laboratory for Gene Transfer and Therapy and IRCC, Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Stella
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Vallario
- Department of Chemical, Food, Pharmaceutical, and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Angela Rita Elia
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Katiuscia Vitaggio
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Orso
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Geuna
- Laboratory of Immunopatologia–Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale Mauriziano Umberto I, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Sangiolo
- Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCC, Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
| | - Maja Todorovic
- Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCC, Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Giachino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
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Sangiolo D, Mesiano G, Carnevale-Schianca F, Piacibello W, Aglietta M, Cignetti A. Cytokine induced killer cells as adoptive immunotherapy strategy to augment graft versus tumor after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2009; 9:831-40. [PMID: 19463075 DOI: 10.1517/14712590903005552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is used to increase the graft versus tumor (GVT) effect after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). The limited spectrum of activity and high risk of graft versus host disease (GVHD) remain major limitations of this approach. The finding of new cell populations for adoptive immunotherapy, with the ability to separate GVT from GVHD, would be useful. Here we review the main basic, preclinical and clinical research on cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, highlighting the aspects of their antitumor and alloreactive potentials that might favourably affect the balance between GVT and GVHD. CIK cells are ex vivo-expanded T lymphocytes sharing NK markers and endowed with a potent MHC-unrestricted antitumor activity against haematological and solid malignancies. Studies in preclinical animal models have demonstrated their low GVHD potential when infused across MHC-barriers, and recent clinical studies seem to confirm these findings in patients with hematological malignancies relapsing after HCT. If consolidated with larger clinical trials, adoptive immunotherapy with CIK cells might represent an effective alternative to classic DLI, helping HCT to succesfully meet current challenges like the extension across major HLA-barriers and application to solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sangiolo
- Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), Laboratory of Medical Oncology, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (TO), Italy.
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Foa R, Tos AG, Francia di Celle P, Carbone A, Marchis D, Vischia F, Cignetti A, Guarini A. Cytokines in B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 5 Suppl 1:7-11. [DOI: 10.3109/10428199109103372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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35
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Sierra JR, Corso S, Caione L, Cepero V, Conrotto P, Cignetti A, Piacibello W, Kumanogoh A, Kikutani H, Comoglio PM, Tamagnone L, Giordano S. Tumor angiogenesis and progression are enhanced by Sema4D produced by tumor-associated macrophages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 205:1673-85. [PMID: 18559453 PMCID: PMC2442644 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20072602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Increased evidence suggests that cancer-associated inflammation supports tumor growth and progression. We have previously shown that semaphorin 4D (Sema4D), a ligand produced by different cell types, is a proangiogenic molecule that acts by binding to its receptor, plexin B1, expressed on endothelial cells (Conrotto, P., D. Valdembri, S. Corso, G. Serini, L. Tamagnone, P.M. Comoglio, F. Bussolino, and S. Giordano. 2005. Blood. 105:4321–4329). The present work highlights the role of Sema4D produced by the tumor microenvironment on neoplastic angiogenesis. We show that in an environment lacking Sema4D, the ability of cancer cells to generate tumor masses and metastases is severely impaired. This condition can be explained by a defective vascularization inside the tumor. We demonstrate that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the main cells producing Sema4D within the tumor stroma and that their ability to produce Sema4D is critical for tumor angiogenesis and vessel maturation. This study helps to explain the protumoral role of inflammatory cells of the tumor stroma and leads to the identification of an angiogenic molecule that might be a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Rafael Sierra
- Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
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36
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Sangiolo D, Martinuzzi E, Todorovic M, Vitaggio K, Vallario A, Jordaney N, Carnevale-Schianca F, Capaldi A, Geuna M, Casorzo L, Nash RA, Aglietta M, Cignetti A. Alloreactivity and anti-tumor activity segregate within two distinct subsets of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells: implications for their infusion across major HLA barriers. Int Immunol 2008; 20:841-8. [PMID: 18469328 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxn042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Donor-derived cytokine-induced killer (CIK) can be infused as adoptive immunotherapy after hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). Promising results were recently reported in HLA-identical HCT, where mild grafts versus host (GVH) events were observed. To extend this strategy across major HLA barriers (e.g. HLA-haploidentical HCT), further studies on CIK cells' alloreactivity are needed. We hypothesized that alloreactivity and anti-tumor activity of CIK cells segregate within two different cell subsets and could consequently be separated according to CD56 and CD3 expression. We tested CIK cells expanded from seven patients who underwent HCT as treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. We found that CIK cells maintained their alloreactivity across major HLA barriers when tested as bulk population; after CD56-positive selection, anti-tumor activity was restricted to the CD3+/CD56+ cell fraction and alloreactivity versus HLA-mismatched PBMC was restricted to the CD3+/CD56- cell fraction. Bulk CIK cells from engrafted patients did not exhibit alloreactivity in response to host- or donor-derived PBMC, confirming their low potential for GVH across minor HLA barriers. Moreover, we tested if CIK cells expanded from engrafted patients after HCT were as effective as donor-derived ones and could be considered as an alternative option. The expansion rate and tumor cell killing was comparable to that observed in sibling donors. In conclusion, depletion of CD3+/CD56- cells might reduce the risk of GVH without affecting the tumor-killing capacity and could help extending CIK infusions across major HLA barriers. Engrafted patients after HCT could also be considered as an effective alternative option to donor-derived CIK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Sangiolo
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy
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37
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Rolny C, Capparuccia L, Casazza A, Mazzone M, Vallario A, Cignetti A, Medico E, Carmeliet P, Comoglio PM, Tamagnone L. The tumor suppressor semaphorin 3B triggers a prometastatic program mediated by interleukin 8 and the tumor microenvironment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 205:1155-71. [PMID: 18458115 PMCID: PMC2373847 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20072509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Semaphorins are a large family of evolutionarily conserved morphogenetic molecules originally identified for their repelling role in axonal guidance. Intriguingly, semaphorins have recently been implicated in cancer progression (Neufeld, G., T. Lange, A. Varshavsky, and O. Kessler. 2007. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 600:118–131). In particular, semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B) is considered a putative tumor suppressor, and yet we found that it is expressed at high levels in many invasive and metastatic human cancers. By investigating experimental tumor models, we confirmed that SEMA3B expression inhibited tumor growth, whereas metastatic dissemination was surprisingly increased. We found that SEMA3B induced the production of interleukin (IL) 8 by tumor cells by activating the p38–mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in a neuropilin 1–dependent manner. Silencing the expression of endogenous SEMA3B in tumor cells impaired IL-8 transcription. The release of IL-8, in turn, induced the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages and metastatic dissemination to the lung, which could be rescued by blocking IL-8 with neutralizing antibodies. In conclusion, we report that SEMA3B exerts unexpected functions in cancer progression by fostering a prometastatic environment through elevated IL-8 secretion and recruitment of macrophages coupled to the suppression of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Rolny
- Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), University of Turin, School of Medicine, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
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38
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Volpe G, Cignetti A, Panuzzo C, Kuka M, Vitaggio K, Brancaccio M, Perrone G, Rinaldi M, Prato G, Fava M, Geuna M, Pautasso M, Casnici C, Signori E, Tonon G, Tarone G, Marelli O, Fazio VM, Saglio G. Alternative BCR/ABL splice variants in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias result in novel tumor-specific fusion proteins that may represent potential targets for immunotherapy approaches. Cancer Res 2007; 67:5300-7. [PMID: 17545610 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-3737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib currently represents the standard treatment in the early chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), thanks to the high percentage of cytogenetic complete remission achieved, but it is yet unclear to what extent it can eradicate leukemia. Therefore, different vaccination strategies have been suggested, mainly based on the exploitment of the junctional peptides spanning the fusion region of the Bcr/Abl proteins. To identify new potential immunologic targets, 63 Philadelphia chromosome-positive patients and 6 BCR/ABL-positive cell lines were tested in nested reverse transcriptase PCR to detect the presence of BCR/ABL transcripts arising from the alternative splicing of the main BCR/ABL transcripts. We could detect BCR/ABL transcripts with junctions between BCR exon 1, 13, or 14 and ABL exon 4 in approximately 80% of patients and 84% of cell lines, beside the main fusion transcripts. Translation products of these transcripts were characterized at their COOH terminus by a large amino acid portion derived from the out of frame (OOF) reading of ABL gene. These proteins were detected in BCR/ABL-positive cell lines by immunoprecipitation and immunohistochemistry. Finally, we determined whether OOF-specific CD8+ T cells could be found in the peripheral blood of CML patients and whether they could acquire effector function following in vitro sensitization with OOF-derived peptides predicted to bind to human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 and HLA-A3 molecules. We detected the presence of OOF-specific CD8+ T cells in four of four patients studied, and in one case, these T cells exhibited specific cytotoxic activity against both peptide-pulsed targets and autologous primary CML cells.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Exons
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/immunology
- HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy/methods
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/immunology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/immunology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/therapy
- Protein Isoforms
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisella Volpe
- Department of Clinical, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Gennari M, Cignetti A, Gentile IA, Vindrola D. Effect of UV irradiation on the degradation of methyl bromide in air. Role of moisture and oxygen concentration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ps.2780450305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Carnevale-Schianca F, Cignetti A, Capaldi A, Vitaggio K, Vallario A, Ricchiardi A, Sperti E, Ferraris R, Gatti M, Grignani G, Rota-Scalabrini D, Geuna M, Fizzotti M, Sangiolo D, Sottile A, De Rosa G, Bucci AR, Lambertenghi-Deliliers G, Benedetti E, Nash R, Aglietta M. Allogeneic nonmyeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation in metastatic colon cancer: tumor-specific T cells directed to a tumor-associated antigen are generated in vivo during GVHD. Blood 2006; 107:3795-803. [PMID: 16403911 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-10-3945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A pilot study was conducted to evaluate safety and activity of nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and to determine whether a T-cell response to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) was induced. Fifteen patients with metastatic CRC underwent HCT from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched siblings after a nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen. All patients engrafted with a median donor T-cell chimerism of 72% at day +56. Eight patients experienced grades II to IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Despite progressive disease before HCT, partial remission and disease stabilization longer than 90 days were observed in 1 and 3 patients, respectively. Induction of TAA-specific T cells was evaluated with a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific HLA-A(*)0201 pentamer in 6 patients with CRC. CEA-specific CD8(+) T cells were detected in 3 of 3 patients concomitant with GHVD onset, but not in 3 of 3 patients without GVHD. They were also not detected in 9 of 9 control patients with GVHD who received transplants for diagnoses other than CRC. Antitumor activity of CEA-specific T cells was also validated in vitro. In one patient, the induction of CEA-specific T cells was associated with a decrease of serum CEA levels and a partial response. Thus, graft-versus-host reactions associated with allogeneic HCT can trigger the generation of T cells specific for CEA, and this may be associated with a clinical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Carnevale-Schianca
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Division of Medical Oncology, Unit of Radiation Therapy, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, IRCC, Strada Provinciale No. 140, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
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Vanni A, Anfossi L, Cignetti A, Baglieri A, Gennari M. Degradation of pyrimethanil in soil: influence of light, oxygen, and microbial activity. J Environ Sci Health B 2006; 41:67-80. [PMID: 16393896 DOI: 10.1080/03601230500234927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The research was carried out in order to verify the influence that light, oxygen, and microbial activity have on the degradability of pyrimethanil (PYR) in soil. The products of degradation were also identified and their evolution in time evaluated. The results indicate that the molecule is more persistent in the absence of light, oxygen, and microbial activity. The order of importance of these three factors is as follows: light < microbial activity < oxygen. The following products of degradation were identified: (1) benzoic acid, (2) cis,cis-muconic acid, (3) hydroxyl-4,6-dimethyl-2-pirimidinamine, (4) N'-ethyl-N-hydroxyformamidine, and (5) 4,6-dimethyl-2-piridinamine, which appeared different from those reported in literature for the degradation of PYR in abiotic conditions. This result suggests that the degradation in soil is mainly biotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vanni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Analitica, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
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Cignetti A, Vallario A, Follenzi A, Circosta P, Capaldi A, Gottardi D, Naldini L, Caligaris-Cappio F. Lentiviral transduction of primary myeloma cells with CD80 and CD154 generates antimyeloma effector T cells. Hum Gene Ther 2005; 16:445-56. [PMID: 15871676 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2005.16.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of immunotherapy approaches designed to obtain tumor-specific T cells might help eradicate residual malignant cells in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. To this end, we used autologous primary MM cells as antigen-presenting cells (APC). Gene transfer of both CD80 and CD154 by lentiviral vectors was necessary to significantly improve the APC function of human MM cells. Simultaneous CD80/CD154 expression on MM cells allowed the generation of CD8+ T cells that recognized unmodified MM cells in 11 of 16 cases, specifically in six of six patients with low-stage disease, but only in five of ten patients with advanced disease. The activity of CD8+ T cells was MHC restricted and MM specific. In seven of seven cases, CD8+ T cell activity was inhibited by monoclonal antibodies against HLA class I, and in four of four cases, CD8+ T cells recognized autologous MM cells but not autologous normal B and T lymphocytes nor bone marrow stromal cells. In addition, the activity of CD8+ T cells was directed against allogeneic MM cells that shared at least one MHC allele with the autologous counterpart, but not against MHC mismatched MM cells. These data lay the ground for the isolation of new MM antigens and for the design of vaccination protocols with primary MM cells genetically engineered to express immunostimulatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cignetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer ReEsearch and Treatment, University of Turin-School of Medicine, Torino, Italy.
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Cignetti A, Vallario A, Roato I, Circosta P, Allione B, Casorzo L, Ghia P, Caligaris-Cappio F. Leukemia-derived immature dendritic cells differentiate into functionally competent mature dendritic cells that efficiently stimulate T cell responses. J Immunol 2004; 173:2855-65. [PMID: 15295005 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.4.2855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Primary acute myeloid leukemia cells can be induced to differentiate into dendritic cells (DC). In the presence of GM-CSF, TNF-alpha, and/or IL-4, leukemia-derived DC are obtained that display features of immature DC (i-DC). The aim of this study was to determine whether i-DC of leukemic origin could be further differentiated into mature DC (m-DC) and to evaluate the possibility that leukemic m-DC could be effective in vivo as a tumor vaccine. Using CD40L as maturating agent, we show that leukemic i-DC can differentiate into cells that fulfill the phenotypic criteria of m-DC and, compared with normal counterparts, are functionally competent in vitro in terms of: 1) production of cytokines that support T cell activation and proliferation and drive Th1 polarization; 2) generation of autologous CD8(+) CTLs and CD4(+) T cells that are MHC-restricted and leukemia-specific; 3) migration from tissues to lymph nodes; 4) amplification of Ag presentation by monocyte attraction; 5) attraction of naive/resting and activated T cells. Irradiation of leukemic i-DC after CD40L stimulation did not affect their differentiating and functional capacity. Our data indicate that acute myeloid leukemia cells can fully differentiate into functionally competent m-DC and lay the ground for testing their efficacy as a tumor vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cignetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Italy.
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Cignetti A, Vallario A, Roato I, Circosta P, Strola G, Scielzo C, Allione B, Garetto L, Caligaris-Cappio F, Ghia P. The characterization of chemokine production and chemokine receptor expression reveals possible functional cross-talks in AML blasts with monocytic differentiation. Exp Hematol 2003; 31:495-503. [PMID: 12829025 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-472x(03)00066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanisms regulating the trafficking of leukemic myeloid blasts are poorly understood. A differential expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors might account for some aspects of the pattern of invasion and accumulation of leukemic cells. We aimed at defining the pattern of chemokine and chemokine receptor expression of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts in comparison with their putative normal cell counterparts. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-five cases of AML were analyzed by flow cytometry for the expression of several chemokine receptors and by RT-PCR for the expression of relevant chemokines. For selected chemokines, the production was confirmed by ELISA. AML blasts were also assessed for their migration capacity in response to autologous supernatants and recombinant chemokines. RESULTS Undifferentiated AML (MO-M1 and some M2) express only CXCR4 on their surface and produce mainly inflammatory chemokines, resembling normal CD34+ progenitors. More differentiated AML (M4-M5 and some M2) have a more diversified receptor repertoire and, besides CXCR4, express the receptors for inflammatory chemokines and produce both constitutive and inflammatory chemokines, resembling resting and activated monocytes. In particular, M4-M5 blasts produce MCP-1 and MIP-3alpha and also express their specific receptors (CCR2 and, to a lesser extent, CCR6) and migrate in vitro in response to MCP-1 and MIP-3alpha and to their own supernatant. A significant correlation between extramedullary involvement and coexpression of MCP-1/CCR2 was found. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that chemokines and their receptors segregate within the different FAB subtypes and, by allowing cross-talk among members of the malignant clone, might help to explain some aspects of the pattern of invasion in AML with monocytic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cignetti
- University Division of Clinical Immunology and Hematology, Ospedale Mauriziano Umberto I, Turin, Italy.
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Caligaris-Cappio F, Cignetti A, Granziero L, Ghia P. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a model for investigating potential new targets for the therapy of indolent lymphomas. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2002; 15:563-75. [PMID: 12468406 DOI: 10.1053/beha.2002.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We address two key issues whose investigation may help to define new prognostic parameters and new potential targets for therapeutic intervention. First, which are the conceptual implications of the cellular origin of indolent lymphomas? Second, how may deciphering the biology of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) lead to the development of new modalities of treatment? The latter issue is articulated in the following three key questions. (1) Which are the molecular pathways through which the microenvironment exerts its influence on the malignant clone? (2) What are the relationships between proliferation and defective apoptosis? (3)Is there any evidence of a role for antigenic stimulation?
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/etiology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/etiology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Models, Biological
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Caligaris-Cappio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Torino, Division of Clinical Immunology and Haematology, Ospedale Mauriziano Umberto I, Torino, Italy
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Landolfo S, Guarini A, Riera L, Gariglio M, Gribaudo G, Cignetti A, Cordone I, Montefusco E, Mandelli F, Foa R. Chronic myeloid leukemia cells resistant to interferon-alpha lack STAT1 expression. Hematol J 2002; 1:7-14. [PMID: 11920164 DOI: 10.1038/sj.thj.6200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/1999] [Accepted: 09/17/1999] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interferon-alpha (IFN) plays a role in the management of different neoplasias, particularly those of hematological origin. The mechanisms of action of IFN are still poorly understood and the individual response is unpredictable. In the present study, the pattern of intracellular gene expression following in vitro and in vivo exposure of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells to IFN was evaluated and correlated with the response to in vivo treatment with IFN. MATERIALS AND METHODS CML patients in different phases of the disease were studied. The pattern of expression of two IFN-inducible proteins involved in IFN-mediated biological activities, the p91 and p84 proteins (STAT1alpha and STAT1beta), components of the IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) complex and the enzyme 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase (2'-5' OASE) were investigated by Western blot in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated or not in vitro by IFN. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In 6/9 patients evaluated before starting treatment, STAT1 was expressed either constitutively or after in vitro stimulation by IFN. In three cases, STAT1 remained negative even after in vitro activation. The pattern of protein expression correlated with the subsequent hematological response to prolonged in vivo IFN administration: the presence of STAT1 being associated with the clinical response to IFN and the absence and non-inducibility of STAT1 with resistance to IFN. This was further substantiated by studies carried out in ten patients analyzed at the time of a documented clinico-hematological response or resistance to the in vivo administration of IFN. Finally, in order to establish whether the pattern of response to IFN treatment could be predicted at diagnosis, cells cyropreserved at diagnosis from patients with a documented complete response, confirmed also by cytogenetic negativity, or resistance, were studied. While complete responders proved STAT1 positive, none of the four resistant cases ever expressed STAT1. The expression of 2'-5' OASE did not correlate with the clinical response to IFN. This study documents the pivotal role of STAT1 in the in vitro and in vivo responses of CML cells to IFN. The constitutive or induced presence or absence of STAT1 shows a predictive correlation with the response or resistance to treatment with IFN and could be utilized to identify, at diagnosis, resistant patients who may be spared an expensive and unnecessary prolonged IFN administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Landolfo
- Centro CNR di Immunogenetica ed Oncologia Sperimentale, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Petruzzelli L, Celi L, Cignetti A, Marsan FA. Influence of soil organic matter on the leaching of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. J Environ Sci Health B 2002; 37:187-199. [PMID: 12009190 DOI: 10.1081/pfc-120003097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the main classes of contaminants in the terrestrial environment. Aside from total organic carbon, the ratio among the different organic matter fractions [dissolved organic matter, fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (HA) and humin] can also affect the mobility of these hydrocarbons in soils. In this study the effect of the whole organic carbon pool has been compared with that of HA and FA on the translocation of four PAHs (biphenyl, fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene) in soil columns. Oxidized and untreated soil columns with and without HA or FA, were prepared, spilled with hydrocarbons and leached with a 0.01 M CaCl2 solution. The influence of HA and FA on PAH translocation was investigated through determinations of the PAH contents and total organic carbon (TOC) in the layers of the columns. All molecules were moved vertically by the percolating solutions, their concentrations decreasing with depths. The nonoxidized soil tended to retain more PAHs (96%) than the oxidized one (60%), confirming that organic matter plays an important role in controlling PAH leaching. The whole organic matter pool reduced the translocation of pollutants downward the profile. The addition of HA enhanced this behaviour by increasing the PAH retention in the top layers (7.55 mg and 4.00 mg in the top two layers, respectively) while FA increased their mobility (only 2.30 and 2.90 mg of PAHs were found in the top layers) and favoured leaching. In fact, in the presence of HA alone, the higher amounts of PAHs retained at the surface and the good correlation (r2=0.936) between TOC and hydrocarbon distribution can be attributed to a parallel distribution of PAHs and HA, while in the presence of FA, the higher mobility of PAHs can be attributed to the high mobility of the humic material, as expected by its extensive hydrophilic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Petruzzelli
- Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali, Torino, Italy.
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Gennari M, Ferraris L, Nègre M, Cignetti A. Liquid chromatographic determination of triasulfuron in soil. J AOAC Int 2000; 83:1076-81. [PMID: 11048847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Two extraction methods were developed for the determination of triasulfuron in soil. Method I included extraction with methanol-phosphate buffer at pH 7 (2 + 1, v/v), liquid-liquid partition with dichloromethane, and cleanup on a liquid chromatographic Si adsorption solid-phase extraction tube. In Method II, Extrelut was added and the sample was then extracted with acetonitrile. In both cases, the extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) with UV detection and the LC peak was confirmed by LC/mass spectrometry (MS). The 2 methods were tested on 3 soils having different physicochemical characteristics. Method I gave 83% average recovery and a determination limit of 0.4 microg/kg soil. Method II gave 67% average recovery and a determination limit of 2 microg/kg soil. Examples of application of Method I to field samples are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Catania, Istituto di Chimica Agraria, Catania, Italy
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Cignetti A, Guarini A, Gillio Tos A, Reato G, Foa R. Interleukin-2 gene-transduced human leukemic cells induce major histocompatibility complex-restricted and -unrestricted anti-leukemic effectors in mixed lymphocyte-tumor cultures. Cancer Gene Ther 2000; 7:167-76. [PMID: 10770624 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To explore the feasibility of designing vaccination protocols in acute leukemia patients with cytokine gene-transduced leukemic cells, we studied in vitro the growth potential of human leukemic cells transduced with the interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-7, or IL-7 plus IL-2 genes, as well as the capacity of generating both autologous and allogeneic cytotoxic lymphocytes directed against the parental cells. A lymphoblastic T-cell line, ST4, obtained from a patient in long-lasting complete remission, was retrovirally engineered with the IL-2, IL-7, and IL-7 plus IL-2 genes; in addition, clones releasing different amounts of the cytokines were obtained by limiting dilution. Mixed lymphocyte-tumor cultures (MLTCs) were set up with parental or transduced leukemic cells as stimulators and with autologous or allogeneic lymphocytes as responders. When nonirradiated ST4 parental cells or clones producing <50 international units (IU)/mL/10(6) cells/72 hours of IL-2 were used as stimulators, leukemic overgrowth was observed in MLTCs within 16 days of culture. When clones producing >80 IU/mL/10(6) cells/72 hours of IL-2 were used as stimulators, the proliferation of leukemic cells was blocked and the transduced leukemic cells were completely cleared from the cultures by day 16; repeated restimulations with IL-2-producing leukemic cells were required to sustain long-term lymphocyte survival. On the contrary, when IL-7- or IL-7-IL-2-producing cells were used as stimulators, only a delay in leukemic cell overgrowth was observed, and lymphocytes were completely cleared from the cultures after day 60. IL-7 production by the different clones ranged between 11 and 36 ng/mL/10(6) cells/72 hours, whereas the highest IL-2-producing IL-7-IL-2 clone released 50 IU/mL/10(6) cells/72 hours of IL-2. When the stimulator efficacy of the highest IL-2-producing clone (ST4/IL-2#A7) was compared with that of exogenous IL-2 plus parental cells, a 7-fold higher amount of exogenous IL-2 was required to achieve the same results obtained with IL-2-producing leukemic cells. Autologous and allogeneic long-term MLTCs (up to 35 days) with ST4/IL-2#A7 as the stimulator were capable of generating cytotoxic effectors equally endowed with both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-unrestricted and -restricted activity against parental ST4 cells. By day 18 of both autologous and allogeneic cultures, a substantial proportion of CD56+ cells was consistently recorded; this was coupled to a predominantly MHC-unrestricted cytotoxic activity directed against parental ST4 cells. CD56+ cells decreased considerably at the end of the different MLTCs, together with the unrestricted cytotoxic activity. At this time, >50% of the cells were CD8+, and 55% of the activity could be blocked by an anti-MHC class I monoclonal antibody. The results of this study demonstrate that IL-2 gene-transduced human acute leukemia cells cocultured with both autologous and allogeneic lymphocytes are capable of inducing a strong MHC-unrestricted anti-leukemic activity and subsequently "educating" MHC class I-restricted anti-leukemic effectors. The evidence that the immunogenic potential of human leukemic blasts can be boosted after transfer of the IL-2 gene suggests that the possibility of using leukemic cells engineered to release IL-2 as a therapeutic vaccine needs to be explored further.
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MESH Headings
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/pharmacology
- Cell Division/genetics
- Cell Division/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/genetics
- Gene Transfer Techniques
- Genetic Therapy
- Humans
- Interleukin-2/genetics
- Interleukin-2/therapeutic use
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, T-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, T-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, T-Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, T-Cell/therapy
- Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
- Major Histocompatibility Complex/genetics
- Major Histocompatibility Complex/immunology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/biosynthesis
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cignetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche ed Oncologia Umana, University of Torino, Italy.
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