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Yu SJ, Chen S, Yang YY, Glotfelty EJ, Jung J, Kim HK, Choi HI, Choi DS, Hoffer BJ, Greig NH, Wang Y. PT320, Sustained-Release Exendin-4, Mitigates L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in a Rat 6-Hydroxydopamine Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:785. [PMID: 32848559 PMCID: PMC7431885 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that subcutaneous administration of PT320, a sustained-release (SR) form of exendin-4, resulted in the long-term maintenance of steady-state exenatide (exendin-4) plasma and target levels in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-pretreated animals. Additionally, pre- or post-treatment with PT320 mitigated the early stage of 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of PT320 on L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA)-induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in the rat 6-OHDA model of Parkinson’s disease. Methods Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were unilaterally lesioned in the right medial forebrain bundle by 6-OHDA. L-DOPA and benserazide were given daily for 22 days, starting from 4 weeks after lesioning. PT320 was co-administered weekly for 3 weeks. AIM was evaluated on days 1, 16, and 22 after initiating L-DOPA/benserazide + PT320 treatment. Brain tissues were subsequently collected for HPLC measurements of dopamine (DA) and metabolite concentrations. Results L-DOPA/benserazide increased AIMs of limbs and axial as well as the sum of all dyskinesia scores (ALO) over 3 weeks. PT320 significantly reduced the AIM scores of limbs, orolingual, and ALO. Although PT320 did not alter DA levels in the lesioned striatum, PT320 significantly attenuated 6-OHDA-enhanced DA turnover. Conclusion PT320 attenuates L-DOPA/benserazide-induced dyskinesia in a 6-OHDA rat model of PD and warrants clinical evaluation to mitigate Parkinson’s disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yung Yang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Elliot J Glotfelty
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jin Jung
- Peptron Inc., Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | | | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yun Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Bader M, Li Y, Lecca D, Rubovitch V, Tweedie D, Glotfelty E, Rachmany L, Kim HK, Choi HI, Hoffer BJ, Pick CG, Greig NH, Kim DS. Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of PT302, a sustained-release Exenatide formulation, in a murine model of mild traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 124:439-453. [PMID: 30471415 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a neurodegenerative disorder for which no effective pharmacological treatment is available. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues such as Exenatide have previously demonstrated neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects in cellular and animal models of TBI. However, chronic or repeated administration was needed for efficacy. In this study, the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of PT302, a clinically available sustained-release Exenatide formulation (SR-Exenatide) were evaluated in a concussive mild (m)TBI mouse model. A single subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of PT302 (0.6, 0.12, and 0.024 mg/kg) was administered and plasma Exenatide concentrations were time-dependently measured over 3 weeks. An initial rapid regulated release of Exenatide in plasma was followed by a secondary phase of sustained-release in a dose-dependent manner. Short- and longer-term (7 and 30 day) cognitive impairments (visual and spatial deficits) induced by weight drop mTBI were mitigated by a single post-injury treatment with Exenatide delivered by s.c. injection of PT302 in clinically translatable doses. Immunohistochemical evaluation of neuronal cell death and inflammatory markers, likewise, cross-validated the neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of SR-Exenatide in this mouse mTBI model. Exenatide central nervous system concentrations were 1.5% to 2.0% of concomitant plasma levels under steady-state conditions. These data demonstrate a positive beneficial action of PT302 in mTBI. This convenient single, sustained-release dosing regimen also has application for other neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy and multiple sclerosis where prior preclinical studies, likewise, have demonstrated positive Exenatide actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaad Bader
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yazhou Li
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniela Lecca
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elliot Glotfelty
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lital Rachmany
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Peptron Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Il Choi
- Peptron Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Dong Seok Kim
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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