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Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka K, Bulman N, Ulasiński P, Sobocki BK, Połom K, Marano L, Kalinowski L, Skonieczna-Żydecka K. Pharmacomicrobiomics of cell-cycle specific anti-cancer drugs - is it a new perspective for personalized treatment of cancer patients? Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2281017. [PMID: 37985748 PMCID: PMC10730203 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2281017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal bacteria are equipped with an enzyme apparatus that is involved in the active biotransformation of xenobiotics, including drugs. Pharmacomicrobiomics, a new area of pharmacology, analyses interactions between bacteria and xenobiotics. However, there is another side to the coin. Pharmacotherapeutic agents can significantly modify the microbiota, which consequently affects their efficacy. In this review, we comprehensively gathered scientific evidence on the interplay between anticancer therapies and gut microbes. We also underlined how such interactions might impact the host response to a given therapy. We discuss the possibility of modulating the gut microbiota to increase the effectiveness/decrease the incidence of adverse events during tumor therapy. The anticipation of the future brings new evidence that gut microbiota is a target of interest to increase the efficacy of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics – Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Nikola Bulman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics – Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Ulasiński
- Unit of Surgery with Unit of Oncological Surgery in Koscierzyna, Kościerzyna, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karol Połom
- Academy of Medical and Social Applied Sciences, Elbląg, Poland
| | - Luigi Marano
- Academy of Medical and Social Applied Sciences, Elbląg, Poland
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics – Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
- BioTechMed Centre/Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
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Singh S, Sarma DK, Verma V, Nagpal R, Kumar M. Unveiling the future of metabolic medicine: omics technologies driving personalized solutions for precision treatment of metabolic disorders. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:1-20. [PMID: 37788525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are increasingly prevalent worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. The variety of metabolic illnesses can be addressed through personalized medicine. The goal of personalized medicine is to give doctors the ability to anticipate the best course of treatment for patients with metabolic problems. By analyzing a patient's metabolomic, proteomic, genetic profile, and clinical data, physicians can identify relevant diagnostic, and predictive biomarkers and develop treatment plans and therapy for acute and chronic metabolic diseases. To achieve this goal, real-time modeling of clinical data and multiple omics is essential to pinpoint underlying biological mechanisms, risk factors, and possibly useful data to promote early diagnosis and prevention of complex diseases. Incorporating cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning is crucial for consolidating diverse forms of data, examining multiple variables, establishing databases of clinical indicators to aid decision-making, and formulating ethical protocols to address concerns. This review article aims to explore the potential of personalized medicine utilizing omics approaches for the treatment of metabolic disorders. It focuses on the recent advancements in genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and nutrigenomics, emphasizing their role in revolutionizing personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samradhi Singh
- ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhouri, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Devojit Kumar Sarma
- ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhouri, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Verma
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhouri, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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Chrysostomou D, Roberts LA, Marchesi JR, Kinross JM. Gut Microbiota Modulation of Efficacy and Toxicity of Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:198-213. [PMID: 36309208 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports not only the functional role of the gut microbiome in cancer development and progression but also its role in defining the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents (5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, gemcitabine, methotrexate) and immunotherapeutic compounds (anti-programmed death-ligand 1/anti-programmed cell death protein 1 and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4). This evidence is supported in numerous in vitro, animal, and clinical studies that highlight the importance of microbial mechanisms in defining therapeutic responses. The microbiome therefore shapes oncologic outcomes and is now being leveraged for the development of novel personalized therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment. However, if the microbiome is to be successfully translated into next-generation oncologic treatments, a new multimodal model of the oncomicrobiome must be conceptualized that incorporates gut microbial cometabolism of pharmacologic agents into cancer care. The objective of this review is therefore to outline the current knowledge of oncologic pharmacomicrobiomics and to describe how the multiparametric functions of the gut microbiome influence treatment response across cancer types. The secondary objective is to propose innovative approaches for modulating the gut microbiome in clinical environments that improve therapy efficacy and diminish toxic effects derived from antineoplastic agents for patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Chrysostomou
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren A Roberts
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James M Kinross
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Zahran SA, Ali-Tammam M, Ali AE, Aziz RK. Compositional variation of the human fecal microbiome in relation to azo-reducing activity: a pilot study. Gut Pathog 2021; 13:58. [PMID: 34625106 PMCID: PMC8499468 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-021-00454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Through an arsenal of microbial enzymes, the gut microbiota considerably contributes to human metabolic processes, affecting nutrients, drugs, and environmental poisons. Azoreductases are a predominant group of microbiota-derived enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism and drug activation, but little is known about how compositional changes in the gut microbiota correlate with its azo-reducing activity. Results To this end, we used high-throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, with Illumina MiSeq, to determine the microbial community composition of stool samples from 16 adults with different azo-reducing activity. High azo-reducing activity positively
correlated with the relative abundance of phylum Firmicutes (especially genera Streptococcus and Coprococcus) but negatively with phylum Bacteroidetes (especially genus Bacteroides). Typical variations in the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes and Prevotella-to-Bacteroides ratios were observed among samples. Multivariate analysis of the relative abundance of key microbial taxa and other diversity parameters confirmed the Firmicutes proportion as a major variable differentiating high and non-azo-reducers, while Bacteroidetes relative abundance was correlated with azo-reduction, sex, and BMI. Conclusions This pilot study showed that stool samples with higher azo-reducing activity were enriched in Firmicutes but with relatively fewer Bacteroidetes. More samples and studies from different geographical areas are needed to bolster this conclusion. Better characterization of different azoreductase-producing gut microbes will increase our knowledge about the fate and differential human responses to azodye-containing drugs or orally consumed chemicals, thus contributing to efforts towards implementing microbiome testing in precision medicine and toxicology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13099-021-00454-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Zahran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ali-Tammam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Amal E Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Ramy K Aziz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt. .,The Center for Genome and Microbiome Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt. .,Microbiology and Immunology Research Program, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, 11617, Egypt.
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Khan AA, Sirsat AT, Singh H, Cash P. Microbiota and cancer: current understanding and mechanistic implications. Clin Transl Oncol 2021. [PMID: 34387847 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During last few decades, role of microbiota and its importance in several diseases has been a hot topic for research. The microbiota is considered as an accessory organ for maintaining normal physiology of an individual. These microbiota organisms which normally colonize several epithelial surfaces are known to secrete several small molecules leading to local and systemic effects on normal biological processes. The role of microbiota is also established in carcinogenesis as per several recent findings. The effects of microbiota on cancer is not only limited to their contribution in oncogenesis, but the overall susceptibility for oncogenesis and its subsequent progression, development of coinfections, and response to anticancer therapy is also found to be affected by microbiota. The information about microbiota and subsequent contributions of microbes in anticancer response motivated researchers in development of microbes-based anticancer therapeutics. We provided current status of microbiota contribution in oncogenesis with special reference to their mechanistic implications in different aspects of oncogenesis. In addition, the mechanistic implications of bacteria in anticancer therapy are also discussed. We conclude that several mechanisms of microbiota-mediated regulation of oncogenesis is known, but approaches must be focused on understanding contribution of microbiota as a community rather than single organisms-mediated effects.
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Ruszkowski J, Daca A, Szewczyk A, Dębska-Ślizień A, Witkowski JM. The influence of biologics on the microbiome in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111904. [PMID: 34328113 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are a group of several chronic disorders with elusive pathogenesis that results in dysregulation of the normal immune response and leads to organ-specific or systemic inflammation. There are many reports on gastrointestinal or skin dysbiosis in patients with IMIDs; however, it is not clear whether dysbiosis is a cause or a result of the observed inflammation. We aimed to determine whether treatment of IMIDs patients with biologics affects their microbiota in comparison with baseline or placebo. METHODS We searched for studies in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Due to both high heterogeneity and lacking data, vote-counting and structured tables were used to summarize the data. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS A total of 25 longitudinal human studies with 816 IMIDs patients receiving biologics were included. Data on α-diversity change are inconclusive. Most evidence supports the increase in all α-diversity metrics in responding inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients; however, vote counting did not confirm the significance of the directional change. In case of β-diversity, treatment with biologics made patients' microbiome more similar to the microbiome of healthy controls in 5 out of 7 studies. The changes in taxa abundance and predicted functionality of microbiome were systematically summarized. Limited number and quality of the included studies highly restricted the conclusions of the study. CONCLUSIONS Local inflammation may play pivotal role in the gut microbiome disruption in IMIDs patients. The effect of the biologics on human microbiota should be evaluated in randomized controlled trials and transparently reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Ruszkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Daca
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adrian Szewczyk
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Dębska-Ślizień
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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Abstract
The interaction between drug use, the microbiome, and the host is complex and multidimensional. Drugs and the microbiota may be risk factors or protective factors for disease. These interactions may explain interpersonal variations in drug efficacy and toxicity, but also interpersonal variations in microbiota composition and functioning, and potential (long-term) side effects from drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Brusselaers
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 4, Stockholm 17177, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Stockholm 171 65, Sweden.
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Saeed A, Eshrat FF, Umar S, Saeed A. The Duplex Interaction of Microbiome with Chemoradiation and Immunotherapy: Potential Implications for Colorectal Cancer. Curr Colorectal Cancer Rep 2019; 15:98-104. [PMID: 31680787 DOI: 10.1007/s11888-019-00435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Gut microbiota has the ability to modify the metabolism of wide array of therapeutic drugs. Current treatment modalities used in colorectal cancer have a narrow therapeutic index with a side effects profile that decreases tolerance to these treatments and adversely affects treatment outcome. Harnessing the gut microbiota ability to modify oncotherapeutic drugs metabolism and hence efficacy, could be potentially used to improve treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer patients. This review will shed lights on important findings from recent microbiome interaction studies which would hopefully serve as a useful tool to guide future translative colorectal cancer research. Recent findings Recent advances in microbiome studies have revealed an interesting aspect of gut microbes carcinogenic properties in dysbiotic gut environment. Microbiota niche in colorectal cancer can also modify efficacy and toxicity profile of different oncotherapeutic treatment modalities from chemoradiotherapy to immunotherapy. Conversely, each of these treatment modalities has numerous effects on the gastrointestinal flora, causing changes in the gut microbial community that affects host morbidity and mortality. Summary Symbiotic gut microbiota is an incredible functioning organ that maintains essential aspects of our homeostasis and immunity. According to the recent body of literature, they also can modify efficacy of many therapeutic drugs including oncotherapy. Considering that unexplainable variable treatment outcomes as well as variable tolerance to treatment have been observed in colorectal cancer patients, studying gut microbiota modulatory effects on oncotherapy might be a feasible approach to explain this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Saeed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center
| | - Fariha Faruk Eshrat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Kansas University Cancer Center
| | - Shahid Umar
- Department of general surgery, Kansas University Medical Center
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Kansas University Cancer Center
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