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Wang B, Zhu Y, Wei B, Zeng H, Zhang P, Li L, Wang H, Wu X, Zheng Y, Sun M. miR-377-3p Regulates Hippocampal Neurogenesis via the Zfp462-Pbx1 Pathway and Mediates Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Prenatal Hypoxic Offspring. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1920-1935. [PMID: 37817032 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia (PH) is one of the most common complications of obstetrics and is closely associated with many neurological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. Our previous study found that Zfp462 heterozygous (Het) mice exhibit significant anxiety-like behavior. Interestingly, offspring mice with PH also have anxiety-like behaviors in adulthood, accompanied by reduced expression of Zfp462 and increased expression of miR-377-3p; however, the exact regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, western blotting, gene knockdown, immunofluorescence, dual-luciferase reporter assay, immunoprecipitation, cell transfection with miR-377-3p mimics or inhibitors, quantitative real-time PCR, and rescue assay were used to detect changes in the miR-377-3p-Zfp462-Pbx1 (pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox1) pathway in the brains of prenatal hypoxic offspring to explain the pathogenesis of anxiety-like behaviors. We found that Zfp462 deficiency promoted Pbx1 protein degradation through ubiquitination and that Zfp462 Het mice showed downregulation of the protein kinase B (PKB, also called Akt)-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β)-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway and hippocampal neurogenesis with anxiety-like behavior. In addition, PH mice exhibited upregulation of miR-377-3p, downregulation of Zfp462/Pbx1-Akt-GSK3β-CREB pathway activity, reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, and an anxiety-like phenotype. Intriguingly, miR-377-3p directly targets the 3'UTR of Zfp462 mRNA to regulate Zfp462 expression. Importantly, microinjection of miR-377-3p antagomir into the hippocampal dentate gyrus of PH mice upregulated Zfp462/Pbx1-Akt-GSK3β-CREB pathway activity, increased hippocampal neurogenesis, and improved anxiety-like behaviors. Collectively, our findings demonstrated a crucial role for miR-377-3p in the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis and anxiety-like behaviors via the Zfp462/Pbx1-Akt-GSK3β-CREB pathway. Therefore, miR-377-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for anxiety-like behavior in prenatal hypoxic offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yichen Zhu
- Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongtao Zeng
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Research Center, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics & Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics & Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Developmental Biology & Molecular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yufang Zheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Research Center, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics & Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Developmental Biology & Molecular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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Hula N, Kirschenman R, Quon A, Spaans F, Phillips TJ, Case CP, Cooke CLM, Davidge ST. Placenta-targeted treatment with nMitoQ prevents an endothelin receptor A pathway cardiac phenotype observed in adult male offspring exposed to hypoxia in utero. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023. [PMID: 37235521 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00238.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia is associated with an enhanced susceptibility to cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in adult offspring, however the mechanisms remain to be fully investigated. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a vasoconstrictor that acts via endothelin A (ETA) and endothelin B (ETB) receptors and is essential in maintaining cardiovascular (CV) function. Prenatal hypoxia alters the ET-1 system in adult offspring possibly contributing to I/R susceptibility. We previously showed that ex vivo application of ETA antagonist ABT-627 during I/R prevented the recovery of cardiac function in prenatal hypoxia-exposed males but not in normoxic males nor normoxic or prenatal hypoxia-exposed females. In this follow-up study we examined whether placenta-targeted treatment with a nanoparticle encapsulated mitochondrial antioxidant (nMitoQ) during hypoxic pregnancies could alleviate this hypoxic phenotype observed in adult male offspring. We used a rat model of prenatal hypoxia where pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to hypoxia (11% O2) from gestational days (GD) 15-21 after injection with 100μL saline or nMitoQ (125 μM) on GD 15. Male offspring were aged to 4 months and ex vivo cardiac recovery from I/R was assessed. Offspring born from hypoxic pregnancies treated with nMitoQ had increased cardiac recovery from I/R in the presence of ABT-627 compared to their untreated counterparts where ABT-627 prevented recovery. Cardiac ETA levels were increased in males born from hypoxic pregnancies with nMitoQ treatment compared to saline controls (Western blotting). Our data indicate a profound impact of placenta-targeted treatment to prevent an ETA receptor cardiac phenotype observed in adult male offspring exposed to hypoxia in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Hula
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Raven Kirschenman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anita Quon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Floor Spaans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tom J Phillips
- Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - C Patrick Case
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Christy-Lynn M Cooke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sandra T Davidge
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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3
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Wooldridge AL, Hula N, Kirschenman R, Spaans F, Cooke CM, Davidge ST. Intergenerational effects of prenatal hypoxia exposure on uterine artery adaptations to pregnancies in the female offspring. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2022;:1-6. [PMID: 35616050 DOI: 10.1017/S2040174422000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia is a common complication of pregnancy and is associated with detrimental health outcomes, such as impaired cardiac and vascular function, in adult offspring. Exposure to prenatal hypoxia reportedly impacts the reproductive system of female offspring. Whether exposure to prenatal hypoxia influences pregnancy adaptations and outcomes in these female offspring is unknown. We hypothesised that prenatal hypoxia impairs uterine artery adaptations in pregnancies of the adult offspring. Pregnancy outcomes and uterine artery function were assessed in 14-16 weeks old non-pregnant and late pregnant (gestational day 20; term = 22 days) adult female offspring born to rats exposed to prenatal normoxia (21% oxygen) or hypoxia (11% oxygen, between days 15-21 of gestation). Compared with normoxia controls, prenatal hypoxia was associated with pregnant adult offspring having reduced placental weights in their litters, and uterine artery circumferential stress that increased with pregnancy. Overall, prenatal hypoxia adversely, albeit mildly, compromised pregnancies of adult offspring.
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Stratilov VA, Vetrovoy OV, Tyulkova EI. Prenatal Hypoxia Affects Nicotine Consumption and Withdrawal in Adult Rats via Impairment of the Glutamate System in the Brain. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4550-4561. [PMID: 35581520 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02866-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of damaging factors in the prenatal period as a basis for drug addiction in offspring is of great interest. In this study, we aim at deciphering the effects and possible mechanisms of prenatal severe hypoxia (PSH) on predisposition to nicotine addiction in adult rats. In PSH rats, we found an increasing tendency to nicotine consumption in the two-bottle choice test. After 2 weeks of chronic treatment with nicotine via osmotic minipump (9 mg/kg per day), we assessed the symptoms of withdrawal in the conditioned place aversion test after mecamylamine (an antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, nAChR) treatment. We showed that the mecamylamine-precipitated withdrawal aversion was stronger in the PSH group than in the control group. This suggests that PSH acts as a predisposing factor for developing nicotine addiction in adulthood. PSH rats also demonstrated an increased level of phosphorylated DARPP-32 protein (known as the relay for dopamine and glutamate signaling) at 34 threonine (pThr34DARPP-32) in relation to its total amount in the nucleus accumbens of the striatum (NAc). Meanwhile, no changes in both the content of dopamine in the mesolimbic pathway and the first type of dopamine receptors (DAR1) in NAc were found. The increased rate of DARPP-32 phosphorylation in adult PSH rats might result from excessive glutamatergic stimulation of the dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) caused by activation of presynaptic nAChR by nicotine. This hypothesis is supported by the observed increase in VGluT2-positive terminals to Nurr1-positive neuronal bodies in VTA in PSH animals. Thus, the altered glutamate signaling phenotype might play a significant role in the development of PSH-related nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor A Stratilov
- Laboratory of Regulation of Brain Neuronal Functions, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb. 6, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Oleg V Vetrovoy
- Laboratory of Regulation of Brain Neuronal Functions, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb. 6, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I Tyulkova
- Laboratory of Regulation of Brain Neuronal Functions, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb. 6, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Yao C, Lu L, Ji Y, Zhang Y, Li W, Shi Y, Liu J, Sun M, Xia F. Hypo-Hydroxymethylation of Nobox is Associated with Ovarian Dysfunction in Rat Offspring Exposed to Prenatal Hypoxia. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:1424-1436. [PMID: 35257353 PMCID: PMC9005429 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia (PH) is a common feature of a suboptimal intrauterine environment affecting the development of fetuses. Whether PH leads to abnormal ovary development is not yet clear. This study investigated ovarian function in offspring exposed to PH and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. SD female rats (n = 12 per group) at 9 weeks of age were housed in individual cages (21% O2). After the pregnant rats were exposed to hypoxia (10.5% oxygen) from embryonic day (E) 5 to E21, PH offspring were generated. All animals maintained normoxia during lactation. The number of follicles was counted in female offspring at 3 months under an optical microscope. The expression of Nobox, Gdf9, and Tets was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot. Global DNA hydroxymethylation was measured by dot blot. The hydroxymethylation level of the Nobox gene was evaluated with an NGS-based multiple targeted CpG hydroxymethylation analysis method. Body weight and ovary weight were significantly decreased in the PH group compared with the control group. PH offspring have abnormal estrous cycle, decreased serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), and increased serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and follicular atresia, which are consistent with the clinical manifestations in patients with ovarian dysfunction. In terms of mechanism, the expression of Nobox was significantly decreased in the PH group. Subsequent high-throughput sequencing results showed that the level of hydroxymethylation in the candidate region of the Nobox gene was reduced. Cultured cells treated with hypoxia exhibited lower levels of both 5hmC and Nobox, while vitamin C, a coactivator of Tets, rescued hypo-hydroxymethylation and increased the expression level of Nobox. This study indicated that PH could cause hypo-hydroxymethylation of Nobox through epigenetic regulation and may consequently contribute to ovarian dysfunction in adult rat offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfang Yao
- Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu China
- Obstetrics of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213000 Jiangsu China
| | - Likui Lu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Yiting Ji
- Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Weisheng Li
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Jinliu Liu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Fei Xia
- Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu China
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6
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Vasilev D, Dubrovskaya NM, Nalivaeva NN. Caspase Inhibition Restores NEP Expression and Rescues Olfactory Deficit in Rats Caused by Prenatal Hypoxia. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1516-1526. [PMID: 35344141 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-01986-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Development of the olfactory system begins early in embryogenesis and is important for the survival of new-borns in postnatal life. Olfactory malfunction in early life disrupts development of behavioural patterns while with ageing manifests development of neurodegenerative disorders. Previously, we have shown that prenatal hypoxia in rats leads to impaired olfaction in the offspring and correlates with reduced expression of a neuropeptidase neprilysin (NEP) in the brain structures involved in processing of the olfactory stimuli. Prenatal hypoxia also resulted in an increased activity of caspases in rat brain and its inhibition restored NEP content in the brain tissue and improved rat memory. In this study, we have analysed effects of intraventricular administration of a caspase inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO on NEP mRNA expression, the number of dendritic spines and olfactory function of rats subjected to prenatal hypoxia on E14. The data obtained demonstrated that a single injection of the inhibitor on P20 restored NEP mRNA levels and number of dendritic spines in the entorhinal and parietal cortices, hippocampus and rescued rat olfactory function in food search and odour preference tests. The data obtained suggest that caspase activation caused by prenatal hypoxia contributes to the olfactory dysfunction in developing animals and that caspase inhibition restores the olfactory deficit via upregulating NEP expression and neuronal networking. Because NEP is a major amyloid-degrading enzyme, any decrease in its expression and activity not only impairs brain functions but also predisposes to accumulation of the amyloid-β peptide and development of neurodegeneration characteristic of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrii Vasilev
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez av, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia.
| | - Nadezhda M Dubrovskaya
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez av, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Natalia N Nalivaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez av, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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7
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Cristancho AG, Gadra EC, Samba IM, Zhao C, Ouyang M, Magnitsky S, Huang H, Viaene AN, Anderson SA, Marsh ED. Deficits in Seizure Threshold and Other Behaviors in Adult Mice without Gross Neuroanatomic Injury after Late Gestation Transient Prenatal Hypoxia. Dev Neurosci 2022; 44:246-265. [PMID: 35279653 PMCID: PMC9464267 DOI: 10.1159/000524045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine hypoxia is a common cause of brain injury in children resulting in a broad spectrum of long-term neurodevelopmental sequela, including life-long disabilities that can occur even in the absence of severe neuroanatomic damage. Postnatal hypoxia-ischemia rodent models are commonly used to understand the effects of ischemia and transient hypoxia on the developing brain. Postnatal models, however, have some limitations. First, they do not test the impact of placental pathologies on outcomes from hypoxia. Second, they primarily recapitulate severe injury because they provoke substantial cell death, which is not seen in children with mild hypoxic injury. Lastly, they do not model preterm hypoxic injury. Prenatal models of hypoxia in mice may allow us to address some of these limitations to expand our understanding of developmental brain injury. The published rodent models of prenatal hypoxia employ multiple days of hypoxic exposure or complicated surgical procedures, making these models challenging to perform consistently in mice. Furthermore, large animal models suggest that transient prenatal hypoxia without ischemia is sufficient to lead to significant functional impairment to the developing brain. However, these large animal studies are resource-intensive and not readily amenable to mechanistic molecular studies. Therefore, here we characterized the effect of late gestation (embryonic day 17.5) transient prenatal hypoxia (5% inspired oxygen) on long-term anatomical and neurodevelopmental outcomes in mice. Late gestation transient prenatal hypoxia increased hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha protein levels (a marker of hypoxic exposure) in the fetal brain. Hypoxia exposure predisposed animals to decreased weight at postnatal day 2, which normalized by day 8. However, hypoxia did not affect gestational age at birth, litter size at birth, or pup survival. No differences in fetal brain cell death or long-term gray or white matter changes resulted from hypoxia. Animals exposed to prenatal hypoxia did have several long-term functional consequences, including sex-dichotomous changes. Hypoxia exposure was associated with a decreased seizure threshold and abnormalities in hindlimb strength and repetitive behaviors in males and females. Males exposed to hypoxia had increased anxiety-related deficits, whereas females had deficits in social interaction. Neither sex developed any motor or visual learning deficits. This study demonstrates that late gestation transient prenatal hypoxia in mice is a simple, clinically relevant paradigm for studying putative environmental and genetic modulators of the long-term effects of hypoxia on the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G Cristancho
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elyse C Gadra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Services, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ima M Samba
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chenying Zhao
- Radiology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Minhui Ouyang
- Radiology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sergey Magnitsky
- Radiology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hao Huang
- Radiology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Angela N Viaene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stewart A Anderson
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Services, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric D Marsh
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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8
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Zhang Y, Tang J, Li N, Tao J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ye Y, Zheng Q, Xu T, Liu Y, Zhang P, Li L, Li H, He Y, Su H, He Q, Sun M, Xu Z. Prenatal hypoxia induced ET BR activation and abnormal ROS signalling in pulmonary artery cells of rat offspring. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:91-100. [PMID: 34478853 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive disorder characterized by remodeling and increased small pulmonary arteries resistance. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) was related to PAH and ET-1 receptors were up-regulated selectively in the lung when exposed to toxic factor hypoxia. However, the role of ET-1 signaling in the pathogenesis of prenatal hypoxia-induced pulmonary abnormalities remains to be elucidated. Pregnant rats were divided into prenatal hypoxia (10.5 % O2 from gestational day 4-21) and control group. Their three-month-old offspring male rats were tested for vascular functions and molecular analysis, DNA methylation was assessed for cellular hypoxia. Functional testing showed that ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction was enhanced, and the expressions of endothelin A receptor/B receptor (ETAR/ETBR), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 1, and the sensitivity of calcium channels were increased in the small pulmonary arteries following prenatal hypoxia. q-PCR and DHE staining showed that the expressions of NADPH oxidase 1/4 (Nox1/4) were up-regulated, along with the increased production of superoxide anion. Furthermore, superoxide anion promoted ET-1-mediated pulmonary artery contraction. In the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell experiments, q-PCR, Western Blot, CCK8 and DHE staining showed that the expressions of ETBR, Nox1/4, and superoxide anion were increased by hypoxia, along with promoted cell proliferation. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy reversed hypoxia-induced cell proliferation. ETBR antagonist BQ788 inhibited hypoxia-increased expressions of Nox1/4, superoxide anion production, and proliferation of cells. Moreover, methylation analysis indicated that hypoxia decreased the methylation levels of the ETBR promoter in the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. The results indicated that prenatal toxic factor hypoxia resulted in abnormal ETBR activation, which enhanced ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteries and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation through ETBR/Nox1/4-derived ROS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianying Tao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiutong Zheng
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun He
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Su
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinyuan He
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Wang W, Tang J, Zhong M, Chen J, Li T, Dai Y. HIF-1 α may play a role in late pregnancy hypoxia-induced autism-like behaviors in offspring rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 411:113373. [PMID: 34048873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can be caused by various factors. The present study aimed to determine whether prenatal hypoxia can lead to ASD and the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in this process. We constructed a prenatal hypoxia model of pregnant rats by piping nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas, with an oxygen concentration of 10 ± 0.5 %, into the self-made hypoxia chamber. Rats were subjected to different extents of hypoxia treatments at different points during pregnancy. The results showed that hypoxia for 6 h on the 17th gestation day is most likely to lead to autistic behavior in offspring rats, including social deficits, repetitive behaviors, and impaired learning and memory. The mRNA expression level of TNF-α also increased in hypoxia-induced autism group and valproic acid (VPA) group. Western blotting analysis showed increased levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and decreased levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in the hypoxic-induced autism group. Meanwhile, N-methyl d-aspartate receptor subtype 2 (NR2A) and glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2 (GluR2) were upregulated in the hypoxic-induced autism group. HIF-1α might play a role in hypoxia-caused autism-like behavior and its regulatory effect is likely to be achieved by regulating synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Wang
- Department of Primary Child Health Care, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghua Tang
- Department of Primary Child Health Care, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhong
- Department of Primary Child Health Care, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Primary Child Health Care, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Department of Primary Child Health Care, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Dai
- Department of Primary Child Health Care, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and Health, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.
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10
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Hula N, Spaans F, Vu J, Quon A, Kirschenman R, Cooke CLM, Phillips TJ, Case CP, Davidge ST. Placental treatment improves cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion insult in adult male and female offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105461. [PMID: 33513355 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Offspring born from complicated pregnancies are at greater risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Prenatal hypoxia is a common pregnancy complication that results in placental oxidative stress and impairs fetal development. Adult offspring exposed to hypoxia during fetal life are more susceptible to develop cardiac dysfunction, and show decreased cardiac tolerance to an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult. To improve offspring cardiac outcomes, we have assessed the use of a placenta-targeted intervention during hypoxic pregnancies, by encapsulating the mitochondrial antioxidant MitoQ into nanoparticles (nMitoQ). We hypothesized that maternal nMitoQ treatment during hypoxic pregnancies improves cardiac tolerance to I/R insult in adult male and female offspring. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to normoxia (21 % O2) or hypoxia (11 % O2) from gestational day 15-20, after injection with 100 μL saline or nMitoQ (125 μM) on GD15 (n=6-8/group). Male and female offspring were aged to 4 months. Both male and female offspring from hypoxic pregnancies showed reduced cardiac tolerance to I/R (assessed ex vivo using the isolated working heart technique) which was ameliorated by nMitoQ treatment. To identify potential molecular mechanisms for the changes in cardiac tolerance to I/R, cardiac levels/phosphorylation of proteins important for intracellular Ca2+ cycling were assessed with Western blotting. In prenatally hypoxic male offspring, improved cardiac recovery from I/R by nMitoQ was accompanied by increased cardiac phospholamban and phosphatase 2Ce levels, and a trend to decreased Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ phosphorylation. In contrast, in female offspring, nMitoQ treatment in hypoxic pregnancies increased phospholamban and protein kinase Cε phosphorylation. Maternal nMitoQ treatment improves cardiac tolerance to I/R insult in adult offspring and thus has the potential to improve the later-life trajectory of cardiovascular health of adult offspring born from pregnancies complicated by prenatal hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Hula
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Floor Spaans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Jennie Vu
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Anita Quon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Raven Kirschenman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Christy-Lynn M Cooke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Tom J Phillips
- Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - C Patrick Case
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Sandra T Davidge
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
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11
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Vasilev DS, Dubrovskaya NM, Zhuravin IA, Nalivaeva NN. Developmental Profile of Brain Neprilysin Expression Correlates with Olfactory Behaviour of Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1772-1785. [PMID: 33433852 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01786-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A neuropeptidase, neprilysin (NEP), is a major amyloid (Aβ)-degrading enzyme involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The olfactory system is affected early in AD with characteristic Aβ accumulation, but data on the dynamics of NEP expression in the olfactory system are absent. Our study demonstrates that NEP mRNA expression in rat olfactory bulbs (OB), entorhinal cortex (ECx), hippocampus (Hip), parietal cortex (PCx) and striatum (Str) increases during the first postnatal month being the highest in the OB and Str. By 3 months, NEP mRNA levels sharply decrease in the ECx, Hip and PCx and by 9 months in the OB, but not in the Str, which correlates with declining olfaction in aged rats tested in the food search paradigm. One-month-old rats subjected to prenatal hypoxia on E14 had lower NEP mRNA levels in the ECx, Hip and PCx (but not in the OB and Str) compared with the control offspring and demonstrated impaired olfaction in the odour preference and food search paradigms. Administration to these rats of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, sodium valproate, restored NEP expression in the ECx, Hip and PCx and improved olfaction. Our data support NEP involvement in olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrii S Vasilev
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Nadezhda M Dubrovskaya
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Igor A Zhuravin
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Natalia N Nalivaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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12
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Chen X, Qi L, Su H, He Y, Li N, Gao Q, Li H, Xu T, Lu L, Xu Z, Tang J. Prenatal hypoxia attenuated contraction of offspring coronary artery associated with decreased PKCβ Ser 660 phosphorylation and intracellular calcium. Life Sci 2020; 261:118364. [PMID: 32866516 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Prenatal hypoxia (PH) could affect peripheral vascular tone of the offspring, thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in adult. However, it's still unknown whether functions of coronary arteries (COA) in adult offspring would be influenced by PH. The present study aimed at effects of PH on vascular tone of COA and its related mechanisms. METHODS Coronary arteries of adult offspring exposed to hypoxic or normoxic circumstances during gestational day 5 to 21 were collected. Wire myograph system, whole-cell patch clamp technique, IonOptix MyoCam system, PCR, and western blot were used to detect vascular function of adult offspring COA. KEY FINDINGS PH significantly attenuated serotonin- and phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu)-induced constriction. Iberiotoxin potentiated PDBu-induced constriction and the effect was augmented by PH, however, no significant differences were found in whole-cell BKCa channel currents and its protein expression. Nifedipine inhibited PDBu-mediated constriction and the inhibitory effect was reduced in PH group, and whole-cell calcium channel current was decreased in offspring COA. Besides, PH reduced the capability of calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum in COA. The phosphorylated PKCβ protein expression at Ser660 site, not Thr641 site, was significantly decreased in PH offspring. Chronic hypoxia during pregnancy attenuated PDBu-mediated constriction in offspring COA, presumably through decreased phosphorylated PKCβ at serine660 sites and decreased intracellular calcium-related weaker PKC activation. SIGNIFICANCE The findings provided new information on the influence of prenatal hypoxia on COA, and suggested potential use of PKCβ-serine660 for early prevention of coronary heart diseases in developmental origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Chen
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Linglu Qi
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyu Su
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun He
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Likui Lu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Zhuravin IA, Dubrovskaya NM, Vasilev DS, Postnikova TY, Zaitsev AV. Prenatal hypoxia produces memory deficits associated with impairment of long-term synaptic plasticity in young rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 164:107066. [PMID: 31400467 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia often results in dramatic alterations in developmental profiles and behavioral characteristics, including learning and memory, in later life. Despite the accumulation of considerable amounts of experimental data, the mechanisms underlying developmental deficits caused by prenatal hypoxia remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether prenatal hypoxia on embryonic day 14 (E14) affected synaptic properties in the hippocampus and hippocampal-related cognitive functions in young rats. We found that 20- to 30-d-old rats subjected to prenatal hypoxia had significantly disturbed basal synaptic transmission in CA3-CA1 synapses and a two-fold decrease in hippocampal long-term synaptic potentiation. These alterations were accompanied by a significant decline in the protein level of GluN2B but not GluN2A NMDA receptor subunits. In addition, the number of synaptopodin-positive dendritic spines in the CA1 area of the hippocampus was reduced in the rats exposed to prenatal hypoxia. These changes resulted in significant learning and memory deficits in a novel object recognition test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Zhuravin
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of RAS (IEPhB), 44, Toreza pr., Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Nadezhda M Dubrovskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of RAS (IEPhB), 44, Toreza pr., Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Vasilev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of RAS (IEPhB), 44, Toreza pr., Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Tatyana Yu Postnikova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of RAS (IEPhB), 44, Toreza pr., Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Zaitsev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of RAS (IEPhB), 44, Toreza pr., Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Street, Saint Petersburg 197341, Russia.
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14
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Zhuravin IA, Dubrovskaya NM, Vasilev DS, Kozlova DI, Kochkina EG, Tumanova NL, Nalivaeva NN. Regulation of Neprilysin Activity and Cognitive Functions in Rats After Prenatal Hypoxia. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1387-1398. [PMID: 31006092 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02796-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid-degrading enzyme neprilysin (NEP) is one of the therapeutic targets in prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As we have shown previously NEP expression in rat parietal cortex (Cx) and hippocampus (Hip) decreases with age and is also significantly reduced after prenatal hypoxia. Following the paradigms for enhancement of NEP expression and activity developed in cell culture, we analysed the efficacy of various compounds able to upregulate NEP using our model of prenatal hypoxia in rats. In addition to the previous data demonstrating that valproic acid can upregulate NEP expression both in neuroblastoma cells and in rat Cx and Hip we have further confirmed that caspase inhibitors can also restore NEP expression in rat Cx reduced after prenatal hypoxia. Here we also report that administration of a green tea catechin epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) to adult rats subjected to prenatal hypoxia increased NEP activity in blood plasma, Cx and Hip as well as improved memory performance in the 8-arm maze and novel object recognition tests. Moreover, EGCG administration led to an increased number of dendritic spines in the hippocampal CA1 area which correlated with memory enhancement. The data obtained allowed us to conclude that the decrease in the activity of the amyloid-degrading enzyme NEP, as well as a reduction in the number of labile interneuronal contacts in the hippocampus, contribute to early cognitive deficits caused by prenatal hypoxia and that there are therapeutic avenues to restore these deficits via NEP activation which could also be used for designing preventive strategies in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Zhuravin
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez av, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194223. .,Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - N M Dubrovskaya
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez av, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194223.,Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D S Vasilev
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez av, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194223.,Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D I Kozlova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez av, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194223.,LLC Scientific and Production Company "ABRIS +", St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E G Kochkina
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez av, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194223
| | - N L Tumanova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez av, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194223
| | - N N Nalivaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez av, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194223.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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15
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Kalinina DS, Vasilev DS, Volnova AB, Nalivaeva NN, Zhuravin IA. Age-Dependent Electrocorticogram Dynamics and Epileptogenic Responsiveness in Rats Subjected to Prenatal Hypoxia. Dev Neurosci 2019; 41:56-66. [PMID: 30904914 DOI: 10.1159/000497224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Using electrocorticogram (ECoG) analysis, we compared age-related dynamics of general neuronal activity and convulsive epileptiform responsiveness induced by intracortical microinjections of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) in control Wistar rats and those subjected to prenatal hypoxia (Hx; E14; 7% O2, 3 h). The studies were carried out in three age periods roughly corresponding to childhood (P20-27), adolescence (P30-45), and adulthood (P90-120). It was found that in the process of postnatal development of the control rats, the peak of the ECoG power spectrum density (PSD) of the theta rhythm during wakefulness shifted from the low to the higher frequency, while in the Hx rats this shift had the opposite direction. Moreover, the Hx rats had different frequency characteristics of the ECoG PSD and longer episodes of spike-and-wave discharges caused by 4-AP injections compared to the controls. The total ECoG PSD of slow-wave sleep (1-5 Hz) was also dramatically decreased in the process of development of the Hx rats. Such alterations in PSD could be explained by the changes in balance of the excitation and inhibition processes in the cortical networks. Analyzing protein levels of neurotransmitter transporters in the brain structures of the Hx rats, we found that the content of the glutamate transporter EAAT1 was higher in the parietal cortex in all age groups of Hx rats while in the hippocampus it decreased during postnatal development compared to controls. Furthermore, the content of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the parietal cortex, and of the inhibitory GABA transporter 1 in the hippocampus, was also affected by prenatal Hx. These data suggest that prenatal Hx results in a shift in the excitatory and inhibitory balance in the rat cortex towards excitation, making the rat's brain more vulnerable to the effects of proconvulsant drugs and predisposing animals to epileptogenesis during postnatal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria S Kalinina
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Vasilev
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anna B Volnova
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia N Nalivaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A Zhuravin
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, .,Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation,
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16
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Wang H, Chung Y, Yu SK, Jun Y. The Immunoreactivity of PI3K/AKT Pathway After Prenatal Hypoxic Damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 31:855-860. [PMID: 28882951 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There is no consensus on the effect of hypoxia on neurogenesis. In this study, we investigated the immunoreactivity of BDNF and PI3K/Akt signaling after uterine artery ligation in pregnant rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unilateral uterine artery ligation was performed at 16 days of gestation (dg). Fetuses from one horn with ligated artery were allocated to the hypoxic group. Immunohistochemistry was performed with primary antibodies; NeuN, BDNF, PI3K, Akt and phospho-Akt (pAkt). RESULTS The densities of NeuN- and BDNF-immunoreactive (IR) cells in the cerebral cortex were lower in the hypoxic fetuses than in the controls at 21 dg. The density of PI3K and pAkt-IR cells in the cortex of the hypoxic group significantly decreased. The results in dentate gyrus were similar to the results in the cerebral cortex. CONCLUSION Prenatal hypoxia reduced Akt phosphorylation, which affected neuronal survival in the cortex and dentate gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chosun University Hospital, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonyoung Chung
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Kyoung Yu
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Jun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
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17
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Li H, Hu J, Liu Y, Wang X, Tang S, Chen X, Niu M, Waili N, Bai Y, Wei Y. Effects of prenatal hypoxia on fetal sheep heart development and proteomics analysis. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2018; 11:1909-1922. [PMID: 31938297 PMCID: PMC6958198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate abnormal fetal cardiac pathological injury with exposure to a hypoxic environment during pregnancy. Pregnant hypoxia sheep models were prepared using artificial cabins. Sixteen pregnant sheep were randomly divided into three groups: normal group (NG), mild hypoxia group (MHG), and severe hypoxia group (SHG). The degree of SpO2, SaO2, breathing and heart rate, CO, and MDA were determined. HE staining, SEM, and TEM were used to evaluate the pathological changes of fetal myocardium. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics was employed to identify differentially expressed proteins. At day 30 and 90, the levels of SpO2 and SaO2 in SHG and MHG sheep met the diagnostic criteria. Ninety days after modeling, a dramatic reduction of breathing rate and increase of heart rate was observed in MHG and SHG comparing with that in NG (P < 0.05). At day 120, CO and MDA increased significantly in SHG and MHG than those in NG (P < 0.05), also in SHG compared with that in MHG (P < 0.05). HE staining and electron microscopy scanning showed that the myocardium in SHG and MHG had different levels of tissue edema and abnormal distribution of mitochondrion compared to NG. Eighty differentially expressed proteins were identified in fetal cardiac tissues. In conclusion, different degrees of pregnant hypoxia sheep models were successfully established. Prenatal hypoxia can cause serious damage to heart development of fetal sheep, as well as lead to the significant changes of hypoxia-associated proteins expression, which may be used to the further investigation for clinical applications.
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18
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Yang Y, Fan X, Tao J, Xu T, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Li L, Li X, Ding H, Sun M, Gao Q, Xu Z. Impact of prenatal hypoxia on fetal bone growth and osteoporosis in ovariectomized offspring rats. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 78:1-8. [PMID: 29524565 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia causes intrauterine growth retardation. It is unclear whether/how hypoxia affects the bone in fetal and offspring life. This study showed that prenatal hypoxia retarded fetal skeletal growth in rats, inhibited extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and down-regulated of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling in fetal growth plate chondrocytes in vivo and in vitro. In addition, ovariectomized (OVX) was used for study of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Compared with the control, OVX offspring in prenatal hypoxic group showed an enhanced osteoporosis in the femurs, associated with reduced proteoglycan and IGF1 signaling. The results indicated prenatal hypoxia not only delayed fetal skeletal growth, but also increased OVX-induced osteoporosis in the elder offspring probably through down-regulated IGF1 signaling and inhibition of ECM synthesis, providing important information of prenatal hypoxia on functional and molecular bone growth and metabolism in fetal and offspring.
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19
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Liu B, Liu Y, Shi R, Feng X, Li X, Zhang W, Wu J, Li N, Zhou X, Sun M, Xu Z. Chronic Prenatal Hypoxia Down-Regulated BK Channel Β1 Subunits in Mesenteric Artery Smooth Muscle Cells of the Offspring. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 45:1603-1616. [PMID: 29486465 DOI: 10.1159/000487727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Chronic hypoxia in utero could impair vascular functions in the offspring, underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated functional alteration in large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels in offspring mesenteric arteries following prenatal hypoxia. METHODS Pregnant rats were exposed to normoxic control (21% O2, Con) or hypoxic (10.5% O2, Hy) conditions from gestational day 5 to 21, their 7-month-old adult male offspring were tested for blood pressure, vascular BK channel functions and expression using patch clamp and wire myograh technique, western blotting, and qRT-PCR. RESULTS Prenatal hypoxia increased pressor responses and vasoconstrictions to phenylephrine in the offspring. Whole-cell currents density of BK channels and amplitude of spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs), not the frequency, were significantly reduced in Hy vascular myocytes. The sensitivity of BK channels to voltage, Ca2+, and tamoxifen were reduced in Hy myocytes, whereas the number of channels per patch and the single-channel conductance were unchanged. Prenatal hypoxia impaired NS1102- and tamoxifen-mediated relaxation in mesenteric arteries precontracted with phenylephrine in the presence of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. The mRNA and protein expression of BK channel β1, not the α-subunit, was decreased in Hy mesenteric arteries. CONCLUSIONS Impaired BK channel β1-subunits in vascular smooth muscle cells contributed to vascular dysfunction in the offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailin Liu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruixiu Shi
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Feng
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenna Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jue Wu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhou
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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20
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Zhu X, Gao Q, Tu Q, Zhong Y, Zhu D, Mao C, Xu Z. Prenatal hypoxia enhanced angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction via increased oxidative signaling in fetal rats. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 60:21-8. [PMID: 26796766 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Toxic factors could cause in utero hypoxia, and prenatal hypoxia (PH) increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases in late life. It is unclear whether/how PH causes vascular injury during fetal life. This study found that PH significantly increased angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated vessel contractions in fetal thoracic aortas, which was blocked by losartan, not PD123319, indicating that AT1 receptors played a dominant role in the enhanced fetal vasoconstriction following hypoxia. Prenatal hypoxia increased superoxide production and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression, associated with the enhanced NADPH oxidase (Nox) 4, but not Nox1 or Nox2 in fetal aortas. Ang II-increased vasoconstriction was inhibited by Nox inhibitor apocynin and SOD mimetic blocker tempol. These findings suggested that PH resulted in Ang II/AT1R-mediated fetal vascular hypertensive re-activity via pathways of Nox4-dependent oxidative stress, providing new information regarding the impact of PH on the functional and molecular development of fetal vascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhu
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing Tu
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caiping Mao
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University, CA, USA.
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21
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Zhang P, Zhu D, Chen X, Li Y, Li N, Gao Q, Li L, Zhou X, Lv J, Sun M, Mao C, Xu Z. Prenatal hypoxia promotes atherosclerosis via vascular inflammation in the offspring rats. Atherosclerosis 2015; 245:28-34. [PMID: 26691907 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is a critical contributor to increased risks of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, but the detailed mechanism that hypoxia leads to atherosclerosis remains unknown. METHODS Pregnant rats were treated with hypoxia (10.5% oxygen) during pregnancy, and HUVEC cells treated with 1% of oxygen. Blood lipids were tested at fetal stage and adult stage of offspring rats; the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines of HUVEC and offspring rats were investigated, and HIF-1α and NFκB mRNA level were also measured by Q-PCR and Elisa. RESULTS We found that TC, LDL-C, ox-LDL-C, and the receptors of ox-LDL-C (lox-1) of the adult offspring were significantly higher than that of the control, while HDL-C was significantly reduced in hypoxia group. The internal elastic lamina was blocked by smooth muscle cells; and the migration of smooth muscle cells into the intima were observed in hypoxia offspring. Luciferase reporter gene experiment showed that HIF-1α activated NFκB transcription at four discrete binding sites of NFκBp65 promoter, although there was no obvious difference among the four discrete binding sites. Using transfection of pCDNA3.1-HIF-1α on HUVEC cells, HIF-1α significantly activated NFκB transcription at hypoxic conditions (1% O2), and concurrent with increased expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. CONCLUSION Hypoxia during pregnancy activated NFκB transcription to induce pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to the early stage of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjie Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xionghui Chen
- Emergency Department, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhou
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juanxiu Lv
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caiping Mao
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Center for Prenatal Biology, Loma Linda University, CA, USA.
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22
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Howell KR, Pillai A. Long-Term Effects of Prenatal Hypoxia on Schizophrenia-Like Phenotype in Heterozygous Reeler Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 53:3267-76. [PMID: 26059812 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia (PHX) is a well-known environmental factor implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, the long-term effects of PHX on schizophrenia-related neuroplasticity are poorly understood. Using behavioral tasks, MRI imaging, and biochemical studies, we examined the long-term effects of PHX in heterozygous reeler mice (HRM; mice deficient for reelin, a candidate gene for schizophrenia). PHX at E17 failed to induce any significant deficits in prepulse inhibition, spatial memory, anxiety-like behavior, or blood flow in wild type (WT) and HRM at 6 months of age. However, PHX induced a significant increase in frontal cortex volume in WT whereas the higher frontal cortical volume found in HRM was significantly reduced by PHX. A significant decrease in reelin levels was observed in frontal cortex of WT and HRM and hippocampus of HRM following PHX. In addition, PHX induced significant reductions in hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels in frontal cortex and hippocampus of HRM. Although no significant effect of PHX was observed in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels in frontal cortex and hippocampus of WT and HRM, serum VEGF levels were found higher in HRM following PHX. Moreover, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein levels were significantly lower in frontal cortex of WT and HRM and hippocampus of HRM following PHX. We found a significant reduction in serum corticosterone levels of PHX-treated WT mice. These findings suggest that future experiments addressing gene-environment interaction in schizophrenia should consider age-dependent effects of the environmental factor, in addition to the specificity of the gene of interest.
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Chung Y, So K, Kim E, Kim S, Jeon Y. Immunoreactivity of neurogenic factor in the guinea pig brain after prenatal hypoxia. Ann Anat 2015; 200:66-72. [PMID: 25794637 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic prenatal hypoxia is considered to cause perinatal brain injury. It can result in neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy or learning disabilities. These neurological problems are related to chronic placental insufficiency (CPI), which leads to chronic hypoxemia and hypoglycemia. The effects of hypoxia on neurogenesis during development have been a matter of controversy. We therefore investigated the effect of chronic prenatal hypoxia in the brain of the fetal guinea pig using the guinea pig CPI model. Chronic placental insufficiency was induced by unilateral uterine artery ligation at 30-32 days of gestation (dg: with term defined as ∼67dg). At 50 and 60dg, fetuses were sacrificed and assigned to either the growth-restricted (GR) or control (no ligation) group. Immunohistochemistry was performed with HIF-1α, PCNA, NeuN and BDNF antibodies in the cerebral cortex and dentate gyrus. The number of NeuN-IR and BDNF-IR cells was lesser in GR fetuses than in controls in the cerebral cortex and dentate gyrus at 60dg (p<0.05). The growth of the developing brain is dependent upon the availability of growth factors such as BDNF. The reduction in the number of neuronal cells observed in our GR group was associated with the observed reduction in BDNF protein found at 60dg. There was no significant difference between control and GR fetuses in the densities of PCNA-IR cells in the subventricular zone and subgranular zone at 50 and 60dg. These findings suggest that the survival of neurons in the cerebral cortex is decreased by chronic prenatal hypoxia at 60dg.
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Howell KR, Pillai A. Effects of prenatal hypoxia on schizophrenia-related phenotypes in heterozygous reeler mice: a gene × environment interaction study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24:1324-36. [PMID: 24946696 PMCID: PMC4183161 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Although prenatal hypoxia is a potential environmental factor implicated in schizophrenia, very little is known about the consequences of combining models of genetic risk factor with prenatal hypoxia. Heterozygous reeler (haploinsufficient for reelin; HRM) and wild-type (WT) mice were exposed to prenatal hypoxia (9% oxygen for two hour) or normoxia at embryonic day 17 (E17). Behavioral (Prepulse inhibition, Y-maze and Open field) and functional (regional volume in frontal cortex and hippocampus as well as hippocampal blood flow) tests were performed at 3 months of age. The levels of hypoxia and stress-related molecules such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2/Flk1) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) were examined in frontal cortex and hippocampus at E18, 1 month and 3 months of age. In addition, serum VEGF and corticosterone levels were also examined. Prenatal hypoxia induced anxiety-like behavior in both HRM and WT mice. A significant reduction in hippocampal blood flow, but no change in brain regional volume was observed following prenatal hypoxia. Significant age and region-dependent changes in HIF-1α, VEGF, Flk1 and GR were found following prenatal hypoxia. Serum VEGF and corticosterone levels were found decreased following prenatal hypoxia. None of the above prenatal hypoxia-induced changes were either diminished or exacerbated due to reelin deficiency. These results argue against any gene-environment interaction between hypoxia and reelin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy R Howell
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, 997 St. Sebastian Way, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Anilkumar Pillai
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, 997 St. Sebastian Way, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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