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Oner E, Gray SG, Finn SP. Cell Viability Assay with 3D Prostate Tumor Spheroids. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2645:263-275. [PMID: 37202626 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3056-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
WST-8 (Cell Counting Kit 8; CCK-8) is the last generation tetrazolium-based cell viability assay and has recently been accepted as a validated method for measuring the cell viability of 3D in vitro models. Here, we describe how to form 3D prostate tumor spheroids using the polyHEMA technique, apply drug treatments and WST-8 assay to these spheroids, and calculate their cell viability. The advantages of our protocol are the formation of spheroids without adding extracellular matrix components, and the elimination of the critique handling process needed for transferring spheroids. Although this protocol exemplifies the determination of percentage cell viability in PC-3 prostate tumor spheroids, it can be adapted and optimized for other prostate cell lines and other types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Oner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Balatcik, Izmir, Turkey
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven G Gray
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen P Finn
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Sir Patrick Dun Translational Research Lab, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Histopathology, Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics, Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Sackmann-Sala L, Angelergues A, Boutillon F, d'Acremont B, Maidenberg M, Oudard S, Goffin V. Human and murine prostate basal/stem cells are not direct targets of prolactin. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 220:133-42. [PMID: 25888939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Local overexpression of prolactin (PRL) in the prostate of Pb-PRL transgenic mice induces benign prostate tumors exhibiting marked amplification of the epithelial basal/stem cell compartment. However, PRL-activated intracellular signaling seems to be restricted to luminal cells, suggesting that basal/stem cells may not be direct targets of PRL. Given their described role as prostate cancer-initiating cells, it is important to understand the mechanisms that regulate basal/stem cells. In this study, we evaluated whether PRL can act directly on these cells, by growing them as prostaspheres. For this, primary 3D prostasphere cultures were prepared from unfractionated cells isolated from freshly harvested human and mouse benign prostate tissues and subjected to PRL stimulation in vitro. None of the various concentrations of PRL tested showed any effects on the sizes or numbers of the prostaspheres generated. In addition, neither activation of canonical PRL-induced signaling pathways (Stat5, Stat3 or Erk1/2) nor increased expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 were detected by immunostaining in PRL-stimulated prostaspheres. Consistent with the absence of response, PRL receptor mRNA levels were generally undetectable in mouse sphere cells. We conclude that human and mouse prostate basal/stem cells are not direct targets of PRL action. The observed amplification of basal/stem cells in Pb-PRL prostates might be due to paracrine mechanisms originating from PRL action on other cell compartments. Our current efforts are aimed at unraveling these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Sackmann-Sala
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253, Equipe "Physiopathologie des hormones PRL/GH", Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, 14 rue Maria Helena Vieira da Silva - CS 61431, Bâtiment Leriche, 75993 Paris Cedex 14, France.
| | - Antoine Angelergues
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253, Equipe "Physiopathologie des hormones PRL/GH", Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, 14 rue Maria Helena Vieira da Silva - CS 61431, Bâtiment Leriche, 75993 Paris Cedex 14, France; Service de Cancérologie Médicale, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université Paris Descartes, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Florence Boutillon
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253, Equipe "Physiopathologie des hormones PRL/GH", Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, 14 rue Maria Helena Vieira da Silva - CS 61431, Bâtiment Leriche, 75993 Paris Cedex 14, France
| | - Bruno d'Acremont
- Service d'Urologie, Fondation Saint Jean de Dieu - Clinique Oudinot, 19 rue Oudinot, 75007 Paris, France.
| | - Marc Maidenberg
- Service d'Urologie, Fondation Saint Jean de Dieu - Clinique Oudinot, 19 rue Oudinot, 75007 Paris, France.
| | - Stéphane Oudard
- Service de Cancérologie Médicale, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université Paris Descartes, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Vincent Goffin
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253, Equipe "Physiopathologie des hormones PRL/GH", Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, 14 rue Maria Helena Vieira da Silva - CS 61431, Bâtiment Leriche, 75993 Paris Cedex 14, France.
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